KR20210095937A - Airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material and its manufacturing method and application - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material and a method and application for manufacturing the same, the method for manufacturing the composite material comprises the steps of: obtaining an airgel; obtaining a metal as a material substrate; Including the step of reacting by mixing the metal, the airgel includes silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide or zirconium oxide, silicon carbide. The present invention conducted a deep study on the airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material and its manufacturing method to obtain a series of airgel-reinforced metal materials of each type, and compared to the original metal materials, these materials have better performance, , automotive, aerospace, power electronics, etc. to satisfy each type of demand.

Description

Airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material and its manufacturing method and application

The present invention relates to the field of a metal material and a substrate for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material and a manufacturing method and application thereof.

Copper alloys are used as electrically conductive and thermally conductive parts of process machinery, brakes and braking devices in many fields, such as integrated circuits, transportation, space flight, aviation, and ships, due to their good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance and wear resistance performance. Research at home and abroad on copper-based composite materials used under high temperature has been ongoing for a long time, and has already formed a series of products with copper-based composite oxides, carbides, borides and nitrides, etc.

As equipment develops in the direction of high speed and high load, higher demands are placed on the wear resistance and heat resistance of copper-based friction materials. According to the research results of copper-based composite materials _{, copper-based nanocomposites prepared by using nano-oxides such as nano Al 2} O ₃ , nano ZrO ₂ as a dispersion reinforcement phase are soft and tough Cu substrates using a particle-reinforced substrate. By forming a dispersed and distributed hard point in the middle, the strength and abrasion resistance of the material can be improved, and the high thermal conductivity of copper itself can be maintained, and the high temperature softening resistance can be improved. It achieves an improved effect and has advantages that other reinforcement methods cannot compare. Therefore, the application of nano-oxide materials to copper-based wear-resisting materials has provided a novel surface for improving the friction performance of wear-resistant materials.

According to domestic and foreign data, the Cu/Al ₂ O ₃ composite material is currently receiving a lot of research. Nano SiO ₂ (n-SiO ₂ ) Due to its special structure and light weight and characteristics such as abrasion resistance, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and small coefficient of thermal expansion, although its thermal and electrical conductivity performance is somewhat lowered, it is still relatively Keep it high, and the price is only half of _{Al 2} O _{3 for me.} However, since n-SiO ₂ aggregates very easily and is difficult to be uniformly dispersed in the copper substrate, the _{performance of the prepared SiO 2} reinforced copper-based composite material is not superior to _{that of the Cu/Al 2} O _{3 composite material, n} There are not many studies using -SiO ₂ as a reinforcing phase for copper substrates.

In recent years, copper-based composite materials are increasingly applied in various fields as wear-resistant parts. Therefore, research and development of a copper-based silicon dioxide composite material with relatively high strength, high wear resistance, and low cost used in a high-temperature environment, and applying it to the manufacture of braking parts for high-temperature environments in aerospace and automobile fields, is a product, All of them have great meanings in terms of quality and improvement of the service life of equipment.

With the rapid development of the national economy, the demand for rigid and high-strength structural materials and electrically conductive and thermally conductive materials is increasing day by day in fields such as automobiles, aerospace, power electronics, and the like. Aluminum alloy has the advantages of low density, high specific strength, and excellent electrical and heat conduction performance, and has wide application prospects in the fields of rigid structural materials, wires and cables, and heat sinks. However, there are some flaws in the application process of aluminum materials, for example, the strength of the aluminum material is insufficient. Therefore, it is disadvantageous in saving energy and reducing pollutant emission.

Through alloy component design, processing method, and subsequent heat treatment substrate, the performance of the alloy can be reasonably controlled. Under normal circumstances, by adding an alloying element, the aluminum alloy strength is improved and the electrical conductivity of the alloy is lowered. . For example, in the patent CN108559886A, through controlling the process parameters during the production of aluminum alloy rod material, and through the subsequent inline standing wave quenching, simultaneously improve the strength and electrical conductivity of the extruded rod material. However, the manufacturing process is complicated, the degree of improvement of the electrical conductivity performance is not large, and the electrical conductivity of the rod material is 50% IACS or less. Also, for example, in patent CN108546850A, the aluminum alloy sheet manufactured using the melting-casting and hot rolling process has a relatively high electrical conductivity, short production process, high efficiency, etc. is poor, and at the same time, the strength and electrical conductivity of the alloy were not considered. Also, for example, there are patents such as CN103952605B, CN108570634A, and CN102758107A.

By adding micron, sub-micron, or nano-reinforced phase particles such as SiC, AlN, SiO ₂ to the aluminum alloy, the mechanical performance of the alloy can be significantly improved, and its electrical conductivity can be maintained at a relatively high level. there is. For example, patent CN101956113B provides a method for manufacturing a structural material for aerospace use, using cubic α-silicon carbide (SiCp) as a reinforcing material, and Al through the method of atomization milling, high energy ball mill + vacuum hot rolling - By producing a composite material using Bi as a matrix, the electrical and thermal conductivity of the reinforcing phase is relatively good, the thermal expansion coefficient is small, etc. The mechanical performance and the electrical performance were matched well. Invention patents of this type also include CN103526253B, CN104451475B, CN105734322B, CN106244893B, CN108677052A, and the like.

Compared to the reinforcing particles used in the aluminum alloy, the airgel material has a special micro-nano pore structure, and has excellent performance such as very low density, high strength, high temperature resistance, low coefficient of thermal expansion, and corrosion resistance. The aluminum composite material obtained by adding airgel material to aluminum and aluminum materials not only has characteristics of low density and workability, but also has good electrical and heat conduction properties, such as automobiles, aerospace, power electronics, etc. It can satisfy the application requirements for high-performance crystalline aluminum material in the fields of

Although pure copper has good electrical and heat conduction performance, its low strength, poor wear resistance, and easy softening and deformation under high temperature, it is limited in application in many situations. Through a certain process, the composite material manufactured by adding high melting point, wear and corrosion resistance second-phase particles to the copper substrate not only maintains the excellent electrical and thermal conductivity of copper itself, but also the mechanical performance and friction resistance of the alloy. It can improve wear performance.

The so-called second-phase particle-reinforced copper-based composite material is to disperse the necessary second-phase particles to be uniformly distributed in the copper matrix, so that the overall performance of the copper matrix composite material is improved. And since the second-phase particles only occupy a very small volume fraction of the substrate, they do not affect the intrinsic physical and chemical properties of the copper substrate, so that the electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of the material are not significantly lowered. The mechanical performance and electrical conductivity and heat conduction performance of the second-phase particle-reinforced copper matrix composite material are mainly determined by the performance of the copper matrix and the second-phase particles, and the critical relationship between the second-phase particles and the matrix. Due to the relatively low manufacturing cost of the second-phase particle-reinforced copper matrix composite material, and excellent isotropy and overall performance, it has become the focus of current research on copper matrix composite materials. At present, the second-phase grain-reinforced copper alloy composite oxide, carbide, boride and nitride, etc. industrial series products are already widely used in aviation, space flight, electronics and power and other fields.

Airgel is a low-density, high-porosity material, floating in the air, and its thermal conductivity can reach as low as 0.012W/(m·k), and it is a solid material with the lowest currently recognized thermal conductivity. There are many types of airgel, and silicon dioxide airgel is currently the most widely studied and applied. Silicon dioxide airgel, also called "blue smoke", is currently the lightest solid in the world, it is a rigid nanoporous amorphous solid with a controllable structure and a spatial network structure composed of colloidal particles or high polymer molecules crosslinked to each other. As a material, the density range is 0.003 to 0.2 g/cm3, the specific surface area is high, reaching 800 m2/g, the porosity is 80 to 99.8%, and has very low thermal conductivity, and is used in the fields of thermal insulation, light guide, dielectric, catalyst, etc. has wide application prospects in In view of the above properties of silicon dioxide airgel, micron particle silicon dioxide airgel is added to the copper substrate as a reinforcing phase to obtain a composite material with unique performance. Currently, no manufacturing process for silicon dioxide airgel-reinforced copper composites has been reported.

Industrial pure aluminum has good electrical and heat conduction performance, but has low strength and hardness, and its range of use is severely limited. Composite materials manufactured by adding second-phase particles (e.g., elements such as aluminum, magnesium, zinc, manganese, silicon, etc.) with high melting point, abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance to pure aluminum through a certain process have the excellent strength of aluminum itself. In addition to maintaining the performance such as , hardness, etc., it also significantly lowered the electrical and heat conductive performance of the aluminum alloy.

By adding second-phase particles to pure aluminum or aluminum alloy, an aluminum-based composite material is obtained through the method of dispersion strengthening. to be distributed in the aluminum substrate, so that the overall performance of the aluminum substrate composite material is improved. And since the second-phase particles only occupy a very small volume fraction of the aluminum substrate, they do not affect the intrinsic physical and chemical properties of the aluminum substrate, so that the electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of the material are not significantly lowered. The mechanical performance and electrical conductivity and heat conduction performance of the second-phase particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite are mainly determined by the performance of the aluminum matrix and the second-phase particles, and the critical relationship between the second-phase particles and the matrix. Due to the relatively low manufacturing cost of the second-phase particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material, and excellent isotropy and overall performance, it has become the focus of current research on aluminum matrix composite materials. At present, the two-phase grain-reinforced aluminum alloy composite oxide, carbide, boride and nitride, etc. industrial series products are already widely used in aviation, space flight, electronics and power and other fields.

Airgel is a low-density, high-porosity material, and its thermal conductivity can reach as low as 0.012W/(m·k), and it is a solid material with the lowest thermal conductivity currently recognized. There are many types of airgels, and silicon carbide currently studied and applied is one of the lightest solids in the world at present, which has a controllable structure and a spatial network structure composed of colloidal particles or high polymer molecules cross-linked to each other. As a hard nanoporous amorphous solid material, silicon carbide nanowires in silicon carbide airgel not only have excellent performance such as high temperature resistance, antioxidation, corrosion resistance, high strength, high elasticity and high hardness of bulk materials, but also very strong due to their special shape. It has mechanical performance, excellent field emission performance, special photoluminescence performance, photocatalytic performance, etc., and has wide application prospects in the fields of thermal insulation, light guide, dielectric, and catalyst. In view of the above characteristics of silicon carbide airgel, micron-grained silicon carbide airgel is added to an aluminum substrate as a reinforcing phase to obtain a composite material with unique performance. Currently, the manufacturing process for silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum composites has not been reported.

Industrial pure aluminum has good electrical and heat conduction performance, but has low strength and hardness, and its range of use is severely limited. After adding elements such as copper, magnesium, zinc, manganese, silicon, etc. to pure aluminum, it can effectively improve the performance such as strength and hardness of the alloy, and obtain aluminum alloys of various numbers, but also significantly improve the electrical conductivity of aluminum alloys Lowering the heat conduction performance, for example, the electrical conductivity of the high-strength aluminum alloy of the 7 series is only 30-40% IACS, which is only about 50% of the pure aluminum conductivity.

With the rapid development of high-tech materials industries such as 3C, power electronics, and aerospace, especially with the development of the microelectronics industry, the demand for hard, high thermal conductivity and high electrical conductivity materials is increasing day by day. Aluminum-based materials with electrical conductivity have wide application prospects.

The traditional high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum alloy material was implemented through the base material, such as addition of alloy elements, component design, heat treatment, and plastic operation. Although the strength and electrical conductivity of the aluminum alloy can be improved through methods such as solid solution strengthening and grain boundary strengthening, the degree of improvement is limited. Although processing progress can significantly improve the strength of an aluminum alloy material, it has a very large influence on its electrical conductivity. In summary, the method improves the strength of the aluminum alloy and lowers the electrical conductivity of the alloy, and it is difficult to consider both the strength and electrical conductivity of the alloy at the same time. For example, in the patent CN108559886A, through controlling the process parameters during the production of aluminum alloy rod material, and through the subsequent inline standing wave quenching, simultaneously improve the strength and electrical conductivity of the extruded rod material. However, the manufacturing process is complicated, the degree of improvement of the electrical conductivity performance is not large, and the electrical conductivity of the rod material is 50% IACS or less.

Obtaining an aluminum composite material through dispersion strengthening by adding hard particles to pure aluminum or aluminum alloy improves the strength of the aluminum material and ensures that its electrical and heat conduction performance is not significantly lowered. there is. Porcelain particles such as SiC and AlN have already been applied in related aluminum-based composite materials. For example, Patent CN101956113B provides a method for manufacturing a SiC particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, wherein a composite material containing Al-Bi as a matrix is manufactured through a method of atomization milling, high-energy ball milling + vacuum hot rolling, Although the mechanical performance and electrical performance of the aluminum alloy were to be matched well, there are defects such as a complicated manufacturing process.

It should be noted that when obtaining a high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material through the method of dispersion strengthening, the property of the second phase as dispersion strengthening significantly affects the performance of the finally obtained aluminum-based composite material. Compared to traditional reinforcing particles, airgel materials such as silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide and titanium oxide have a special micro-nano pore structure, so they have very low density, high strength, high temperature, low coefficient of thermal expansion, and excellent performance such as corrosion resistance. have it The aluminum composite material obtained by adding airgel material to aluminum and aluminum materials not only has characteristics of low density and workability, but also has good electrical and heat conduction properties, such as automobiles, aerospace, power electronics, etc. It can satisfy the application requirements for high-performance crystalline aluminum material in the fields of

As can be seen from the above, studies on the reinforcement of various types of metal materials by airgel are not yet common. It can satisfy various demands in various fields. It is necessary to conduct research on an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material and a method for manufacturing the same.

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, the method comprising: obtaining an airgel; obtaining a metal as a material substrate; and mixing the airgel and the metal to react , The airgel includes silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide or zirconium oxide, and silicon carbide.

Furthermore, the mixing reaction process is carried out at 200 to 1350 °C.

Optionally, the method for manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material of the present invention includes the steps of obtaining an airgel, obtaining a metal, and mixing the airgel and the metal and then performing pressing, The product is sintered, refined, or thermally extruded in a mold.

Specifically, the metal includes a single metal, a metal alloy, or a salt containing a metal.

Specifically, the metal includes pure aluminum, a deformed aluminum alloy or a cast aluminum alloy.

Specifically, the modified aluminum alloy matrix component is 1XXX series industrial pure aluminum or 2XXX, 3XXX, 4XXX, 5XXX, 6XXX, 7XXX, 8XXX series modified aluminum alloy, and the cast aluminum alloy matrix component is ZL1XX, ZL2XX, ZL3XX or ZL4XX series It is a cast aluminum alloy.

Further, the airgel is selected from silicon oxide.

Optionally, the method for producing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material of the present invention comprises the steps of: obtaining a silicon oxide airgel comprising nano silicon dioxide airgel and micron silicon dioxide airgel; obtaining metallic copper as a material substrate; obtaining metallic zinc; and grinding the copper and the silicon dioxide airgel, then mixing it with the zinc and micron silicon dioxide airgel, and pressing to obtain a briquette, and sintering the briquette.

Specifically, in the method, the powder is taken according to the mixing ratio, the copper and nano silicon dioxide mixed powder is ball milled in advance in a planetary high energy ball mill, and then put into a V-type mixer together with other raw materials and uniformly mixed, then Pressing the powder into briquettes having a density of 4 to 5 g/cm ³ in a steel mold, and finally sintering the briquettes in a bell-shaped furnace.

Furthermore, electrolytic copper, zinc atomization powder, micron silicon dioxide and nano silicon dioxide are used as raw materials.

Further, the average particle size of the electrolytic copper powder is ≤ 74 μm, the purity is ≥ 99.9wt%, the average particle size of the zinc atomization powder is 40 to 50 μm, the purity is ≥ 98 wt%, and the micron SiO ₂ average particle size is 40 to 50 μm, Water content ≤ 1wt%, nano SiO _{2 The} average particle size is 20 to 40 nm.

Furthermore, in the high energy ball mill, the ball milling time is 2 to 4 h, and in the V-type mixer, the mixing time is 3 to 5 h.

Further, when sintering briquettes in a bell-type furnace, the sintering pressure is 1.0 to 4.0 MPa, the sintering temperature is 800 to 1000 ° C, the average temperature rise rate is 4 to 7 ° C / min, and hydrogen gas reducing protective atmosphere during the sintering process is used, the sintering time is 20 to 40 min, and finally, it is cooled to room temperature under a protective atmosphere to prepare a finished product.

Optionally, the method for manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material of the present invention includes the steps of obtaining an airgel, obtaining an aluminum powder as a material substrate, mixing the airgel and the aluminum powder, and then pressing the block-shaped airgel and obtaining a mixed powder of aluminum powder, and thermally extruding the mixed powder of block-shaped airgel and aluminum powder in a mold.

Specifically, the method comprises:

1) Putting airgel particles into anhydrous alcohol, performing mechanical stirring and ultrasonic treatment to obtain a mixed slurry of airgel particles and alcohol, and again adding pure aluminum or aluminum alloy powder to the mixed slurry, continuously mechanical stirring and ultrasonic treatment to obtain a mixed slurry of airgel particles and aluminum powder;

2) Put the mixed slurry of airgel particles and aluminum powder obtained in step 1) in a container, proceed with mechanical stirring, and remove alcohol in the mixed slurry by distillation to obtain a completely dried mixed powder of airgel particles and aluminum powder Wow,

3) Putting the mixed powder of airgel particles and aluminum powder obtained in step 2) into a mold, and performing hot pressing under a set temperature to obtain a mixed powder of airgel and aluminum powder in block shape;

4) Put the mixed powder of the block-shaped airgel particles and aluminum powder obtained in step 3) into an extrusion mold, and under a set temperature and extrusion ratio, obtain an airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material through thermal extrusion.

Further, the particle size of the pure aluminum or aluminum alloy powder is 60 to 325 mesh, and the impurity content in the pure aluminum or aluminum alloy powder is ≤ 0.5 wt.%.

Further, in step 1), the ultrasonic power is 100 to 500 W, the time is 10 to 60 min, and the stirring time of the airgel particles and the aluminum powder is 10 to 120 min.

Furthermore, in step 2), the distillation temperature when removing alcohol is 60 to 80 ° C. In step 3), the hot pressing temperature of the mixed powder of airgel and aluminum powder is 200 to 400 ° C., in step 4), the block shape The temperature of thermal extrusion of the mixed powder of airgel and aluminum powder is 200 to 450° C., and the extrusion ratio is 10:1 to 25:1.

Optionally, the method for producing the airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material of the present invention,

1) Taking a hydrophilic SiO2 airgel in a three-necked flask according to the mass ratio, adding deionized water and Cu(Ac)2·H2O, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1 to 25 minutes;

2) performing a water bath at 40° C., adding an aqueous hydrazine hydrate solution dropwise under mechanical stirring, and completing the dropping for 1 h;

3) After completion of the reaction, centrifugation is performed, the solid is sequentially washed with water and alcohol, centrifuged, and the solid is vacuum dried to obtain a silicon dioxide airgel-reinforced copper composite material.

Furthermore, in step 1), the hydrophilic SiO ₂ airgel taken according to the mass ratio is 0.5 g, the amount of deionized water added is 10 to 50 mL, and the amount of Cu(Ac) 2 ·H 2 O added is 10 to 250 mg.

Furthermore, in step 1), the ultrasonic processor used for ultrasonic dispersion performs ultrasonic dispersion processing under a frequency of 40-120 kHz.

Further, in step 2), stirring is carried out for 60 min under the conditions of 60 to 130 r/min to complete the dropping of the aqueous hydrazine hydrate solution.

Further, in step 2), the aqueous solution of hydrazine hydrate is 98% hydrazine monohydrate or 50% hydrazine hydrate.

Further, in step 3), washing with water and alcohol and immersion 3 times each, for 10 to 15 minutes each time.

Optionally, the method for manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material of the present invention includes the steps of obtaining silicon carbide airgel, obtaining aluminum powder as a material substrate, mixing the airgel and the aluminum powder and then pressing into blocks manufacturing, refining by introducing into aluminum liquid in a vacuum induction furnace, and injection molding in a steel casting mold after the intermediate alloy block is melted.

Specifically, the method comprises:

1) The aluminum powder and silicon carbide airgel taken according to the mixing ratio are mixed in a double cone high-efficiency raw material mixer,

Then, the uniformly mixed powder is put into a mold and pressed into blocks in a hydraulic press.

an intermediate alloy manufacturing step;

2) An aluminum-silicon carbide airgel intermediate alloy block is introduced into the aluminum liquid in a vacuum induction furnace and refined at a refining temperature of 1150 to 1350 ° C. After the intermediate alloy block is melted, injection molding in a steel casting mold

manufacturing the composite material.

Further, in step 1), the aluminum powder is pure aluminum powder.

Furthermore, in step 1), the particle size range of the silicon carbide airgel is 1 to 30 μm.

Further, in step 1), the content of the airgel in the intermediate alloy is 1 to 15 wt.%.

Further, in step 1), the powder mixing time of the double cone high-efficiency raw material mixer is 15 to 45 min.

Further, in step 1), the pressing into blocks is pressing the mixed powder into intermediate alloy blocks in a steel mold.

Further, the average particle size of the pure aluminum powder is ≤ 150 µm, and the impurity content in the pure aluminum is ≤ 0.1 wt.%.

Furthermore, the average particle size of the micron silicon carbide airgel is 1 to 30 μm.

Optionally, the method for producing the airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material of the present invention,

(1) mixing a certain mass of airgel particles and pure aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder to obtain an airgel/aluminum precursor;

(2) adding the precursor obtained in step (1) to the molten aluminum liquid, and performing mechanical stirring for 5 to 30 min so that the airgel particles are uniformly distributed in the aluminum melt;

(3) After ultrasonication is performed on the molten composite material obtained in step (2), injection molding is performed in a mold or sand sand to obtain a high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material.

Further, the particle size of the pure aluminum or aluminum alloy powder is 60 to 325 mesh, and the impurity content in the pure aluminum or aluminum alloy powder is ≤ 0.5 wt.%.

Further, in the airgel/aluminum precursor obtained in step (1), the content of the airgel is 1 to 90 wt.%.

Further, when the stirring treatment is performed on the aluminum alloy melt in step (2), the temperature range of the melt is 50° C. below its liquidus line to 100° C. above its liquidus line.

Further, when the ultrasonic treatment is performed on the melted composite material in step (3), the temperature of the melt is 20 to 100° C. above its liquidus, and the ultrasonic power corresponding to the melted composite material by unit weight is 100 to 1000 W/kg and the ultrasonic treatment time is 5 to 30 min.

The present invention further provides an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, wherein the airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material is obtained by performing a mixing reaction on a raw material containing airgel and metal, wherein the airgel is silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide or zirconium oxide or silicon carbide.

Specifically, the metal includes pure aluminum, a deformed aluminum alloy or a cast aluminum alloy.

Specifically, the modified aluminum alloy matrix component is 1XXX series industrial pure aluminum or 2XXX, 3XXX, 4XXX, 5XXX, 6XXX, 7XXX, 8XXX series modified aluminum alloy, and the cast aluminum alloy matrix component is ZL1XX, ZL2XX, ZL3XX or ZL4XX series It is a cast aluminum alloy.

Further, the airgel is selected from silicon oxide.

Optionally, the airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material is a copper-based airgel-reinforced copper alloy, when calculated as a mass percentage, the copper-based airgel-reinforced copper alloy is 0.5% to 10% zinc, 2% to 8% silicon dioxide, and copper in excess.

Furthermore, it contains 1% to 5% of zinc, 3% to 6% of silicon dioxide, and an excess of copper, calculated as a percentage by mass.

Further, the material further contains impurities, and the mass percentage of impurities is ≤ 0.1%.

The present invention further provides an application in the manufacture of a braking component product based on the copper-based airgel-enhanced copper alloy.

Optionally, the airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material is selected from airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite materials, the substrate of the composite material is pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy, the reinforcing phase of the composite material is airgel, and the content of airgel in the composite material is 0.05 to 5.0 wt.%.

Furthermore, the content of airgel in the composite material is 0.1 to 2.0 wt.%.

Furthermore, the content of airgel in the composite material is 1.0wt.%.

Further, the matrix component of the composite material is 1XXX series industrial pure aluminum or 2XXX, 3XXX, 4XXX, 5XXX, 6XXX, 7XXX, 8XXX series aluminum alloy, 1XXX and 2XXX to 8XXX starting with any one of 1 to 8 Indicate the number of aluminum or aluminum alloy with

Further, the airgel is an airgel particle, its particle size is 0.1 to 50㎛, the airgel particle component is silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide or zirconium oxide.

The present invention further provides for applications in the manufacture of rigid aluminum articles of airgel reinforced aluminum-based composites.

Optionally, the airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material is selected from silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composites, and includes both an aluminum substrate and a reinforcing phase, wherein the aluminum substrate is pure aluminum powder, the reinforcing phase is airgel, and the airgel is silicon carbide. And, the mass percentage composition of the silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material is 0 to 50% of the silicon carbide airgel, and the excess is aluminum.

Furthermore, the silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material further includes impurities, but the mass percentage of impurities is ≤ 0.1%.

Optionally, the airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material is selected from high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composites, the aluminum substrate of the composite material is pure aluminum, a deformed aluminum alloy or a cast aluminum alloy, and the reinforcing phase of the composite material is airgel, The content of the airgel is 0.1 to 40.0 wt.%.

Further, the modified aluminum alloy matrix component is 1XXX series industrial pure aluminum or 2XXX, 3XXX, 4XXX, 5XXX, 6XXX, 7XXX, 8XXX series modified aluminum alloy.

Further, the cast aluminum alloy matrix component is a ZL1XX, ZL2XX, ZL3XX or ZL4XX series cast aluminum alloy.

Further, the airgel is silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide or zirconium oxide particles, and the particle diameter is 0.1 to 50㎛.

The present invention conducted a deep study on the airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material and its manufacturing method to obtain a series of airgel-reinforced metal materials of each type, and compared to the original metal materials, these materials have better performance, , automobile, aerospace, power electronics, etc. can satisfy each type of demand.

One embodiment of the present invention improves the mechanical performance, wear resistance and heat resistance performance of the alloy by adding micron silicon dioxide and nano silicon dioxide, and adding zinc can improve the wear resistance performance, and the substrate densification process It can be accelerated, and the glassy hard nanoparticles are distributed between the friction materials during the friction process, creating a “ball bearing” effect and reducing the friction coefficient and wear rate. When the SiO ₂ particles are uniformly distributed on the substrate of the copper-based friction material, it can effectively inhibit dislocation motion and grain boundary sliding, thereby improving the strength and heat resistance of the substrate. The copper-based airgel-reinforced copper alloy designed in the present invention has good processing performance, and its heat resistance and abrasion resistance are more excellent than that of the copper-based aluminum trioxide composite material. This is to achieve the objective of improving the composite material performance by uniformly dispersing nano-silicon dioxide-based copper substrates through high-energy ball milling in advance, and the cost of the manufactured copper-based airgel-reinforced copper alloy is lower. do.

In addition to an embodiment of the present invention, as airgel particles having a pore structure, the voids of the internal structure are nano-level, and since the porosity is high, it has characteristics such as hardness, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and small coefficient of thermal expansion. , aluminum and its alloys, it is possible to effectively maintain the substrate density, improve the properties such as strength of the substrate, and obtain an aluminum-based composite material with good thermal and electrical conductivity. Regarding the properties of airgel particles, it is possible to uniformly mix micron or sub-micron-sized airgel particles and aluminum powder through mechanical stirring and sonication, and then make the tissue through a series of composite material manufacturing processes such as hot pressing and thermal extrusion. It is possible to obtain an airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material with uniform and good performance. In addition, the manufacturing process has a high production efficiency, a low cost, and a wide application range, so it is suitable not only for the production of a composite material with a low airgel content, but also for the production of an aluminum-based composite material with a high airgel content.

In one embodiment of the present invention, deionized water and Cu(Ac) ₂ ·H _{2 O are added to hydrophilic SiO 2} airgel, and hydrazine hydrate aqueous solution is added thereto, followed by centrifugation, washing, and drying to obtain a silicon dioxide airgel-reinforced copper composite material. After manufacturing _{and reinforcement of copper with SiO 2} airgel, the macroscopic volume did not change clearly, but the density increased, the floating phenomenon in air was constantly improved, the process was simple, the manufacturing cycle was short, and this simple method The performance of the silicon dioxide airgel-reinforced copper composite material manufactured through And, the silicon dioxide airgel-reinforced copper composite material manufactured therewith has the advantage of low cost.

One embodiment of the present invention improves the mechanical performance of the aluminum-silicon carbide airgel composite material through the addition of micron silicon carbide airgel to pure aluminum, and maintains the excellent strength and hardness of aluminum itself, as well as the aluminum alloy. Electrical conduction and heat conduction performance are significantly reduced. By producing an aluminum-airgel intermediate alloy block, the difficult problem of adding hard airgel to the aluminum melt during the refining process was solved. In addition, the aluminum-based silicon carbide airgel composite material manufactured therewith has the advantage of low cost, and it is possible to obtain a composite material with a large volume and high reinforcing phase content, overcoming the shortcomings of the traditional powder metallurgy process, and silicon carbide It is suitable for large-scale production of airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composites.

One embodiment of the present invention greatly improves the mechanical performance of aluminum and its alloys through adding airgel particles having high hardness and low density, and also effectively maintains the characteristics of good aluminum alloy substrate low density, heat conduction and electrical conduction performance. . In this way, the airgel particles are effectively dispersed in the aluminum alloy matrix through ultrasonic dispersion and semi-solid agitation, etc. to obtain an aluminum-based composite material with a uniform reinforcing phase particle distribution and a uniform structure. And the manufacturing process used is simple, the equipment requirements are low, the production cost is low, and a large volume, high reinforcing phase content composite material can be obtained, overcoming the shortcomings of the traditional powder metallurgy process, high strength and high conductivity It is suitable for large-scale production of aluminum-based composite materials.

1 is a SiO ₂ airgel and Cu@SiO ₂ powder XRD spectrum diagram of different Cu content.
2 is an SEM diagram (ad, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%) of different inclusion amounts of Cu@SiO _{2 .}

In order to better understand the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application, a more detailed and clear description will be given of specific embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application with reference to the following drawings and examples. However, the specific implementations and examples described below are for illustrative purposes only, not to limit the present application, which includes only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments, All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art through various changes to the present application fall within the protection scope of the present application.

One problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a copper-based airgel reinforcement copper alloy material having excellent mechanical performance, abrasion resistance and heat resistance performance, and high electrical conductivity so that it can be used in industrial fields such as aerospace, vehicle transportation, and microelectronics. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a copper-based airgel reinforcement copper alloy having excellent mechanical performance, abrasion resistance and heat resistance, and high electrical conductivity.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solution.

In the copper-based airgel-reinforced copper alloy, that is, in the nano-airgel (SiO ₂ )-reinforced copper-based composite material, the mass percentage composition is 0.5% to 30% of zinc, 2% to 8% of _{airgel (SiO 2 ),} The spare is copper.

As a further measure, the mass percentage composition of the copper-based airgel-reinforced copper alloy is 1% to 5% of zinc _{, 3% to 6% of airgel (SiO 2} ), and an excess of copper.

Here, the mass percentage of unavoidable impurities is 0.1%.

Actions caused by each of the constituent elements in the composite material are as follows.

Zinc: As a solid solution strengthening type copper alloy element, it can improve the mechanical performance of the copper alloy material, and its solid solution β phase has high hardness, excellent toughness, and can significantly improve the wear resistance of copper alloy. .

Airgel (SiO ₂ ): It has abrasion resistance, hardness and anti-aggregation action for copper-based composite materials. In addition, due to the nano-effect, it effectively inhibits dislocation motion and grain boundary sliding, and acts to significantly improve the strength of the substrate. It has an accelerating action on the electrical conduction performance of

In this embodiment, the method for manufacturing a copper-based airgel-reinforced copper alloy mainly includes a process of raw material mixing, cold pressing, and finally pressure sintering, and specific steps are copper-based silicon dioxide composite materials including the following steps Including a manufacturing method of, the method is, taking the powder according to the mixing ratio, ball milling copper powder and nano silicon dioxide in advance in a planetary high energy ball mill, and then putting all the raw materials into a small V-type mixer and mixing evenly followed by pressing the powder into briquettes having a density of 4 to 5 g/cm ³ in a steel mold, and finally sintering the briquettes in a bell-shaped furnace.

Here, electrolytic copper, zinc fig powder, micron silicon dioxide and nano silicon dioxide are used as raw materials. The mass of the raw material used is as follows, that is, the average particle size of the electrolytic copper powder ≤ 74 μm, the purity ≥ 99.9wt%, the average particle size of the zinc atom powder is 40 to 50 μm, the purity ≥ 98 wt %, and the micron SiO _{2 The} average particle size is 40 to 50 μm, the moisture content ≤ 1wt%, and the nano SiO ₂ average particle size is 20 to 40 nm.

First, copper powder and nano silicon dioxide are ball milled for 2 to 4 h in a planetary high energy ball mill, and then mixed with other raw materials for 3 to 5 h again in a V-type raw material mixer, and when sintering the briquettes in a bell-type furnace, the sintering pressure is 1.0 to 4.0 MPa, the sintering temperature is 800 to 1000 ° C, the average temperature rise rate is 4 to 7 ° C / min, a hydrogen gas reducing protective atmosphere is used in the sintering process, the sintering time is 20 to 40 min, and the last The finished product is prepared by cooling it to room temperature in a protective atmosphere.

The tensile strength of the copper-based airgel-reinforced copper alloy obtained as described above is 300 to 500 MPa, the yield strength is 200 to 300 MPa, the elongation is 5 to 15%, the dynamic friction coefficient is 0.054 to 0.080, and the static friction coefficient is 0.12 to 0.15, the wear rate is 0.3 to 1.0×10-9 cm ³ ·J ^-1 , the heat resistance coefficient is 35000 to 50000, the relative heat resistance is 1.0 to 1.5, the density is 5.5 to 8 g·cm ³ , and the resistivity is 1.8 to 2.8 x 10-8 Ω·m, and the hardness is 50 to 85 Hv. Compared to the copper-based aluminum trioxide composite material, the tensile mechanical performance of the copper-based airgel-reinforced copper alloy prepared in the present invention is similar, the heat conduction performance and the abrasion resistance performance are relatively good, and the cost is lower. The copper-based airgel-reinforced copper alloy is used in braking component products.

As one problem to be solved in the present invention, it is intended to provide an airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material that has low density, high strength, etc., mechanical properties, and good electrical and heat conduction properties. In addition, for the problem of difficulty in dispersing airgel particles in the airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material manufacturing process, by developing and providing a method for manufacturing an airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material aiming at this, the problem in the background art part is solved. The method has advantages such as a simple process and low production cost. The obtained aluminum-based composite material has advantages such as low density, excellent mechanical performance, and high thermal and electrical conduction performance, and is an aluminum material that has special demands for high-performance aluminum components and electrical and thermal conduction performance. It has broad application prospects in space, power electronics and other fields.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solution.

In the airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, the substrate of the composite material is pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and the reinforcing phase of the composite material is airgel.

As a further measure, the content of airgel in the composite material is 0.05 to 5.0 wt.%.

As a further measure, the content of airgel in the composite material is 0.1 to 2.0 wt.%.

As a further measure, the content of airgel in the composite material is 1.0wt.%.

As a further measure, the matrix component of the composite material is 1XXX series industrial pure aluminum or 2XXX, 3XXX, 4XXX, 5XXX, 6XXX, 7XXX, 8XXX series aluminum alloy. 1XXX and 2XXX to 8XXX are aluminum or aluminum alloy numbers starting with any one of 1 to 8 mentioned in the "Method for Numbering Modified Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys (GB/T 16474-2011)" standard.

As a further measure, the airgel is an airgel particle having a micro-nano pore structure, and the particle size thereof is 0.1 to 50 μm.

As a further measure, the airgel particle component is silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide or zirconium oxide.

The airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material and its manufacturing method in this embodiment include the following steps.

(1) Airgel particles are put into anhydrous alcohol, mechanically stirred and ultrasonically treated to obtain a mixed slurry of airgel particles and alcohol, and pure aluminum or aluminum alloy powder is added to the mixed slurry again, followed by mechanical stirring Stirring and ultrasonication are performed to obtain a mixed slurry of airgel particles and aluminum powder.

(2) Put the mixed slurry of the airgel particles and aluminum powder obtained in step (1) into a container, mechanically stirring, and removing the alcohol in the mixed slurry by distillation to obtain a completely dried mixed powder of airgel particles and aluminum powder do.

(3) Put the mixed powder of airgel particles and aluminum powder obtained in step (2) into a mold, and hot pressing is performed under a set temperature to obtain a mixed powder of block-shaped airgel and aluminum powder.

(4) Put the mixed powder of the block-shaped airgel particles and aluminum powder obtained in step (3) into an extrusion mold, and under the set temperature and extrusion ratio, heat extrusion to obtain an airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material.

As a further measure, the particle size of the pure aluminum or aluminum alloy powder is 60 to 325 mesh, and the impurity content in the pure aluminum or aluminum alloy powder is ≤ 0.5 wt.%.

As a further solution, in step (1), the ultrasonic power is 100 to 500 W, and the time is 10 to 60 min.

As a further measure, in step (1), the stirring time of the airgel particles and the aluminum powder is 10 to 120 min.

As a further measure, in step (2), the distillation temperature at the time of alcohol removal is 60 to 80°C.

As a further measure, in step (3), the temperature of hot pressing of the airgel and aluminum powder is 200 to 80°C.

As a further measure, in (step 4), the temperature of thermal extrusion of the mixed powder of block-shaped airgel and aluminum powder is 200 to 450° C., and the extrusion ratio is 10:1 to 25:1.

The airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material is used in the manufacture of rigid aluminum products.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a silicon dioxide airgel reinforced copper composite, the method comprising the following steps.

1) Hydrophilic SiO2 airgel is taken in a three-necked flask according to the mass ratio, deionized water and Cu(Ac) ₂ ·H ₂ O are added, followed by ultrasonic dispersion for 1 to 25 minutes,

2) proceed with a water bath at 40° C., and an aqueous solution of hydrazine hydrate is added dropwise under mechanical stirring, and the dropping is completed for 1 h;

3) After completion of the reaction, centrifugation is performed, the solid is sequentially washed with water and alcohol, centrifuged, and the solid is vacuum dried to obtain a silicon dioxide airgel-reinforced copper composite material.

As a further method of the present invention, in step 1), the hydrophilic SiO ₂ airgel taken according to the mass ratio is 0.5 g, the amount of deionized water added is 10 to 50 mL, and the amount of Cu(Ac) ₂ ·H ₂ O added is 10 to 250 mg.

As a further method of the present invention, in step 1), the ultrasonic processor used for ultrasonic dispersion performs ultrasonic dispersion processing under a frequency of 40-120 kHz.

As a further method of the present invention, in step 2), stirring is carried out for 60 min under the conditions of 60 to 130 r/min and the dropping of the aqueous hydrazine hydrate solution is completed, and the hydrazine hydrate aqueous solution is 98% hydrazine monohydrate or 50% hydrazine hydrate .

As a further method of the present invention, in step 3), washing with water and alcohol and immersion 3 times each, for 10 to 15 minutes each time.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, including both an aluminum substrate and a reinforcing phase, wherein the aluminum substrate is pure aluminum, the reinforcing phase is airgel, and the airgel is silicon carbide (SiC) Silicon carbide (SiC) airgel exhibits very high adsorption capacity and adsorption selectivity for high-viscosity organic solvents. 1D) As a nanomaterial, it has good elasticity, high temperature resistance and chemical stability.

As for the mass percentage composition of the silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, the silicon carbide airgel is 0 to 50%, and the excess is aluminum.

The main action of the silicon carbide airgel on the aluminum substrate causes the action of second-phase dispersion enhancement, and the scattering action of the second-phase particles on free electrons is much weaker than the scattering action caused by the lattice deformation caused by the solid solution atoms, and thus the aluminum-based composite The material has good mechanical performance while maintaining good electrical and thermal conduction performance.

The method for preparing casting molding based on the silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material includes the following steps.

(1) Preparation of intermediate alloys

Raw material mixing: pure aluminum powder and micron silicon carbide airgel (particle size range of 1 to 30㎛) are taken according to the mass ratio, but the content in the intermediate alloy of the airgel is 1 to 15wt.%,

Raw material mixing: uniformly mix the blended pure aluminum powder and airgel using a double cone high-efficiency raw material mixer, and the mixing time is 15 to 45 min,

Cold Forming: Pressing the mixed powder into a block of intermediate alloy in a steel mold.

(2) manufacturing of composite materials

Refining: The intermediate alloy block is put into the molten aluminum liquid in a vacuum induction furnace, the refining temperature range is 1150 to 1350° C., and after the melting of the intermediate alloy block is completed, injection molding is performed in a steel casting mold.

As a further measure, the average particle size of the pure aluminum powder is ≤ 150 μm, and the impurity content in the pure aluminum is ≤ 0.1 wt.%.

As a further measure, the average particle size of the micron silicon carbide airgel is 1 to 30 μm.

The obtained silicon carbide-reinforced aluminum composite material after rolling or extrusion molding has a tensile strength of 400 to 620 MPa, a yield strength of 270 to 500 MPa, an elongation of 6 to 35%, a hardness of 55 to 160 HV, and a density of 8.80 to 8.90 g/cm 3 , the electrical conductivity is 40 to 57% IACS, and the thermal conductivity coefficient is 120 to 250 W/MK. When the aluminum-based composite material prepared in the present invention was compared with pure aluminum, both the tensile strength and yield strength were improved, but both the density and electrical conductivity were significantly lowered.

As a problem to be solved in the present invention, with respect to the problems and shortcomings currently faced in the development of high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum alloys and aluminum-based composite materials, low-density, high-strength, and aluminum-based composite materials having good electrical and thermal conductivity performance and It is intended to provide a method for its preparation.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solution.

In the high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material, the aluminum substrate of the composite material is pure aluminum, a deformed aluminum alloy or a cast aluminum alloy, and the reinforcing phase of the composite material is an airgel.

Preferably, the content of airgel in the composite material is 0.1 to 40.0 wt.%.

Preferably, the modified aluminum alloy matrix component is 1XXX series industrial pure aluminum or 2XXX, 3XXX, 4XXX, 5XXX, 6XXX, 7XXX, 8XXX series is a deformed aluminum alloy.

Preferably, the cast aluminum alloy matrix component is a cast aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy number ZL1XX, ZL2XX, ZL3XX or ZL4XX series referred to in the “Cast aluminum alloy (GB/T 1173-2013)” standard.

Preferably, the airgel is silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide or zirconium oxide particles, and the particle diameter is 0.1 to 50㎛.

The high-strength and high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material, and a method for manufacturing the same, includes the following steps.

(1) Airgel/aluminum precursor is obtained by mixing airgel particles of a certain mass and pure aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder.

(2) The precursor obtained in step (1) is added to the molten aluminum liquid, and mechanical stirring is performed for 5 to 30 min so that the airgel particles are uniformly distributed in the aluminum melt.

(3) After ultrasonication is performed on the molten composite material obtained in step (2), injection molding is performed in a mold or sand sand to obtain a high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material.

Preferably, the particle size of the pure aluminum or aluminum alloy powder is 60 to 325 mesh, and the impurity content in the pure aluminum or aluminum alloy powder is ≤ 0.5 wt.%.

Preferably, in the airgel/aluminum precursor obtained in step (1), the content of the airgel is 1 to 90 wt.%.

Preferably, when the stirring treatment is performed on the aluminum alloy melt in step (2), the temperature range of the melt is 50° C. below its liquidus line to 100° C. above its liquidus line.

Preferably, when performing ultrasonic treatment on the melted composite material in step (3), the temperature of the melt is 20 to 100° C. above its liquidus, and the ultrasonic power corresponding to the melted composite material by unit weight is 100 to 1000 W/ kg, and the sonication time is 5 to 30 min.

Preparation of copper-based airgel-reinforced copper alloy

In the method for manufacturing a copper-based airgel-reinforced copper alloy of the present invention, the manufacturing steps are raw material mixing, high energy ball milling, raw material mixing, cold pressing, pressure sintering and product completion. The specific process steps include the following steps.

(1) High energy ball milling: Weighed electrolytic copper powder (average particle size ≤ 74 μm, purity ≥ 99.9wt%) and nano SiO ₂ (average particle size 20 to 40 nm) are placed in a planetary high energy ball mill and 2 to 4h ball milling.

(2) raw material mixing: copper-nano SiO ₂ mixed powder after ball milling, zinc atomization powder (average particle size is 40 to 50 μm, purity ≥ 98 wt%), micron SiO ₂ (average particle size is 40 to 50 μm, moisture content ≤ 1wt%) into a small V-type raw material mixer and mixed for 3 to 5 h, and the mass of the raw material used in the example is the same as above.

(2) Cold pressure forming: The powder is pressed into a briquette having a density of 4 to 5 g/cm ^{3 in a steel mold of Φ26mm×6.5mm.}

(3) pressure sintering: briquettes are sintered in a bell-type furnace under a pressure of 1.0 to 4.0 MPa, the sintering temperature is 800 to 1000 ° C, the average temperature rise rate is 4 to 7 ° C / min, and hydrogen gas reduction protection during the sintering process Atmosphere is used, the sintering time is 20 to 40 min, and finally, it is cooled to room temperature under a protective atmosphere to prepare a finished product.

Example 1

The method of the production process flow is as follows: raw material mixing, ball milling, raw material mixing, cold pressing, pressure sintering and product completion.

As a specific process, the raw material is blended according to the components shown in Table 1, zinc 5%, airgel (SiO ₂ ) 5%, excess copper. The mixed powder of copper and nano SiO ₂ (0.5%) was ball milled in a high-energy ball mill for 3 h, then put into a small V-shaped raw material mixer with other raw materials and mixed for 3 h. Pressing with briquettes of /cm ³ and sintering the briquettes in a bell-type furnace under a pressure of 1.0 MPa, the sintering temperature is 980 ° C, the average temperature rise rate is 6 ° C / min, and a reducing protective atmosphere is used in the sintering process, The sintering time is 40 min, and finally, it is cooled to room temperature under a protective atmosphere to prepare a finished product. The performance of the manufactured finished product is as shown in Table 2.

Example 2

The method of the production process flow of the copper-based airgel-reinforced copper alloy is as follows: raw material mixing, ball milling, raw material mixing, cold pressing, pressure sintering and product completion.

As a specific process, the raw materials are blended according to the components shown in Table 1, zinc 2%, airgel (SiO ₂ ) 3%, and the excess copper. The mixed powder of copper and nano SiO ₂ (2%) is ball milled in high energy ball milling for 3 h, then put into a small V-type raw material mixer with other raw materials and mixed for 5 h, and the powder is dried in a Ф26mm×6.5mm steel mold. Pressing into briquettes of 4.2g/cm3, and sintering briquettes in a bell-type furnace under 2.5MPa pressure, the sintering temperature is 900℃, the average temperature rise rate is 5℃/min, and a labor-gas reducing protective atmosphere during the sintering process The sintering time is 35 min, and finally, it is cooled to room temperature under a protective atmosphere to prepare a finished product. The performance of the manufactured finished product is as shown in Table 2.

Example 3

The method of the production process flow is as follows: raw material mixing, ball milling, raw material mixing, cold pressing, pressure sintering and product completion.

As a specific process, the raw materials are blended according to the components shown in Table 1, zinc 4%, airgel (SiO ₂ ) 6%, and excess copper. The mixed powder of copper and nano SiO ₂ (1%) was ball milled in a high energy ball mill for 3 h, then put into a small V-shaped raw material mixer with other raw materials and mixed for 5 h. Pressing with briquettes of g/cm ⁴ and sintering the briquettes in a bell-shaped furnace under a pressure of 3.5 MPa, the sintering temperature is 800°C, the average temperature rise rate is 5°C/min, and a reducing protective atmosphere is used during the sintering process. , the sintering time is 40 min, and finally, the finished product is prepared by cooling to room temperature under a protective atmosphere. The performance of the manufactured finished product is as shown in Table 2.

Example 4

The method of the production process flow is as follows: raw material mixing, ball milling, raw material mixing, cold pressing, pressure sintering and product completion.

As a specific process, the raw materials are blended according to the components shown in Table 1, zinc 1%, airgel (SiO ₂ ) 6%, and excess copper. The mixed powder of copper and nano SiO ₂ (4.5%) was ball milled in a high energy ball mill for 3 h, then put into a small V-type raw material mixer with other raw materials and mixed for 3 h. The briquettes are pressed into g/cm ³ briquettes, and the briquettes are sintered in a bell-type furnace under 2.0 MPa pressure, the sintering temperature is 850°C, the average temperature rise rate is 6°C/min, and a reducing protective atmosphere is used during the sintering process. , the sintering time is 30 min, and finally, the finished product is prepared by cooling to room temperature under a protective atmosphere. The performance of the manufactured finished product is as shown in Table 2.

Example 5

The method of the production process flow is as follows: raw material mixing, ball milling, raw material mixing, cold pressing, pressure sintering and product completion.

As a specific process, the raw materials are blended according to the components shown in Table 1, zinc 5%, airgel (SiO ₂ ) 4%, and excess copper. The mixed powder of copper and nano SiO ₂ (1%) was ball milled in a high energy ball mill for 3 h, then put into a small V-type raw material mixer with other raw materials and mixed for 4 h. Pressing into briquettes of g/cm ³ and sintering briquettes in a bell-type furnace under 3.0 MPa pressure, the sintering temperature is 950°C, the average temperature rise rate is 6°C/min, and a reducing protective atmosphere is used during the sintering process. , the sintering time is 35 min, and finally cooled to room temperature under a protective atmosphere to prepare a finished product. The performance of the manufactured finished product is as shown in Table 2.

Example 6

The method of the production process flow is as follows: raw material mixing, ball milling, raw material mixing, cold pressing, pressure sintering and product completion.

As a specific process, the raw material is blended according to the components shown in Table 1, zinc 0.5%, airgel (SiO ₂ ) 2%, excess copper. The mixed powder of copper and nano SiO ₂ (0.5%) is ball milled in a high energy ball mill for 3 h, then put into a small V-type raw material mixer with other raw materials and mixed for 3 h. Pressing with briquettes of /cm ³ and sintering the briquettes in a bell-type furnace under a pressure of 1.0 MPa, the sintering temperature is 1000 ° C, the average temperature rise rate is 4 ° C / min, and a reducing protective atmosphere is used in the sintering process, The sintering time is 25 min, and finally, it is cooled to room temperature under a protective atmosphere to prepare a finished product. The performance of the manufactured finished product is as shown in Table 2.

Example 7

The method of the production process flow is as follows: raw material mixing, ball milling, raw material mixing, cold pressing, pressure sintering and product completion.

As a specific process, the raw materials are blended according to the components shown in Table 1, zinc 10%, airgel (SiO ₂ ) 8%, and excess copper. The mixed powder of copper and nano SiO ₂ (0.5%) was ball milled in a high energy ball mill for 3 h, then put into a small V-type raw material mixer with other raw materials and mixed for 3 h, and the powder was powdered in a Ф26mm×6.5mm steel mold with a density of 4.5 Pressing with g/cm ³ briquettes, and sintering briquettes in a bell-type furnace under 4.0 MPa pressure, the sintering temperature is 800°C, the average temperature rise rate is 7°C/min, and a reducing protective atmosphere is used during the sintering process. , the sintering time is 40 min, and finally, the finished product is prepared by cooling to room temperature under a protective atmosphere. The performance of the manufactured finished product is as shown in Table 2.

The present invention finally improves the overall mechanical performance, wear resistance and heat resistance performance of the alloy through the addition of zinc, micron silicon dioxide and nano silicon dioxide, and also ensures that the alloy has good processing performance, a method of powder metallurgy Through this, it is possible to finally obtain a copper-based airgel-reinforced copper alloy.

As shown in Table 2, the tensile strength of the copper-based composite material prepared in the present invention is 300 MPa or more, the yield strength is equivalent to that of the copper-based composite dialuminum trioxide material used daily, and the wear rate is 1.6×10-9 cm ³ J ^-1 or less, the heat resistance coefficient is 27900 or more, the resistivity is 3.2×10 ^-8 cm ³ ·J ^-1 or less, the density is 8 g·cm ³ or less, and the heat resistance and abrasion resistance are better than the copper-based aluminum trioxide composite material Therefore, wear-resistant parts made of the material can satisfy the demand for products or equipment to work normally for a long time under relatively high temperature conditions.

Component composition of copper-based silicon dioxide composite material (wt.%) Example Zn SiO2 Cu Example 1 5% 5% redundancy Example 2 2% 3% redundancy Example 3 4% 6% redundancy Example 4 One% 6% redundancy Example 5 5% 4% redundancy Example 6 0.5% 2% redundancy Example 7 10% 8% redundancy

Examples and Performance of Copper-Based Composites in Daily Use Sample Tensile strength/MPa Yield strength/MPa Elongation (%) Wear rate/×10-9 cm3·J-1 heat resistance coefficient Density/g·cm3 Resistivity/Ω m Hardness/Hv Example 1 310 284 5.0% 0.5 42579 7.6 2.5 63 Example 2 305 276 5.6% 0.3 48165 7.5 2.5 58 Example 3 335 300 7.2% 0.8 36457 7.8 1.9 70 Example 4 308 275 6.8% 0.7 49652 6.9 2.7 80 Example 5 318 290 5.5% 0.4 48565 7.2 2.6 76 Example 6 301 273 5.5% 0.9 35956 7.1 2.8 50 Example 7 306 272 5.0% 1.0 35065 8.0 2.8 55 Copper-based composite dialuminum trioxide 312 to
335 280 to
295 - 10 to 100 - 8.32-8.75 - 40 to
185 Copper-based composite zirconium dioxide 325 to
355 290 to
300 - 30.9 to
207.8 - 7.8 to
8.6 - 106-135

Manufacture of airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material

Example 8

The airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example is 200 grams, the airgel content is 0.05wt.%, the airgel component is silicon oxide, the particle size of the airgel particles is 0.1 to 0.5㎛, and the substrate alloy is 1060 pure It is aluminum, and the particle size of the aluminum powder is 250 to 325 mesh, and the impurity content is 0.5 wt.% or less. As a specific process, the weighed airgel particles are put into anhydrous alcohol, the concentration ratio of the airgel and the alcohol is 0.25mg/ml, the ultrasonic treatment is performed in an ultrasonic cleaner for 10min, the ultrasonic power is 100W, and the dispersion is uniformly to obtain the airgel and alcohol mixed slurry, and aluminum powder is added to the airgel and alcohol mixed slurry, and mechanical stirring is performed for 60 min, the rotation speed is 400 r/min, and uniformly mixed airgel particles and aluminum powder A slurry is obtained. Then, the mixed slurry is poured into a flask, the alcohol in the mixed solution is removed through distillation, the distillation temperature is controlled at 80° C., and a mixed powder of completely dried airgel particles and aluminum powder is obtained. The mixed powder is put into a mold and heated to 150° C. to form a block by hot pressing, and thermal extrusion is performed thereon again. The extrusion ratio is 16:1, and the extrusion temperature is 300° C.

Example 9

The airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example is 1000 grams, the airgel content is 0.1wt.%, the airgel component is aluminum oxide, the particle diameter of the airgel particles is 1 to 5㎛, and the substrate is 2024 aluminum alloy (The particle size is 125 to 175 mesh, and the impurity content is 0.3 wt.% or less). As a specific process, the weighed airgel particles are put into anhydrous alcohol, the concentration ratio of airgel to alcohol is 2mg/ml, and ultrasonication is performed for 30min in an ultrasonic cleaner, ultrasonic power is 500W, and uniformly dispersed Obtain an airgel and alcohol mixed slurry, add aluminum powder to the airgel and alcohol mixed slurry, and proceed with mechanical stirring for 60 min, the rotation speed is 500 r/min, and a uniformly mixed airgel particle and aluminum powder mixed slurry acquire Then, the mixed slurry is poured into a beaker, alcohol in the mixed solution is removed through distillation, the distillation temperature is controlled at 80° C., and a mixed powder of completely dried airgel particles and aluminum powder is obtained. The mixed powder is put into a mold and heated to 200° C. to form a block by hot pressing, and thermal extrusion is performed thereon again. The extrusion ratio is 16:1, and the extrusion temperature is 400° C.

Example 10

The airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example is 5000 grams, the airgel content is 1.0wt.%, the airgel component is silicon oxide, the particle size of the airgel particles is 5 to 20㎛, the substrate alloy is 1050 aluminum It is an alloy (the particle size is 200 to 270 mesh, and the impurity content is 0.2 wt.% or less). As a specific process, the weighed airgel particles are put into anhydrous alcohol, the concentration ratio of airgel and alcohol is 10mg/ml, and ultrasonication is performed for 30min in an ultrasonic cleaner, ultrasonic power is 300W, and uniformly dispersed Obtain an airgel and alcohol mixed slurry, add aluminum powder to the airgel and alcohol mixed slurry, and proceed with mechanical stirring for 30 min, the rotational speed is 300 r/min, uniformly mixed airgel particles and a mixed slurry of aluminum powder to acquire Then, the mixed slurry is poured into a three-necked flask, alcohol in the mixed solution is removed through distillation under reduced pressure, the distillation temperature is controlled at 80° C., and a mixed powder of completely dried airgel particles and aluminum powder is obtained. The mixed powder is put into a mold and heated to 200° C. to form a block by hot pressing, and thermal extrusion is performed thereon again. The extrusion ratio is 25:1, and the extrusion temperature is 250° C.

Example 11

The airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example is 500 grams, the airgel content is 2.0wt.%, the airgel component is titanium oxide, the particle size of the airgel particles is 10 to 30㎛, the substrate alloy is 5052 aluminum It is an alloy (grain size is 60 to 150 mesh, impurity content is 0.5 wt.% or less). As a specific process, the weighed airgel particles are put into anhydrous alcohol, the concentration ratio of the airgel to the alcohol is 25mg/ml, the ultrasonic treatment is performed in an ultrasonic cleaner for 60min, the ultrasonic power is 400W, and the uniformly dispersed Obtain an airgel and alcohol mixed slurry, add aluminum powder to the airgel and alcohol mixed slurry, and proceed with mechanical stirring for 90 min, the rotation speed is 600 r/min, uniformly mixed airgel particles and aluminum powder mixed slurry to acquire Then, the mixed slurry is poured into a flask, the alcohol in the mixed solution is removed through distillation under reduced pressure, the distillation temperature is controlled to 60° C., and a mixed powder of completely dried airgel particles and aluminum powder is obtained. The mixed powder is put into a mold and heated to 200° C. to form a block by hot pressing, and thermal extrusion is performed thereon again. The extrusion ratio is 25:1, and the extrusion temperature is 350° C.

Example 12

The airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example is 500 grams, the airgel content is 5.0 wt.%, the airgel component is zirconium oxide, the particle size of the airgel particles is 20 to 50㎛, and the substrate is 7075 aluminum alloy (The particle size is 120 to 240 mesh, and the impurity content is 0.3 wt.% or less). As a specific process, the weighed airgel particles are put into anhydrous alcohol, the concentration ratio of airgel and alcohol is 50mg/ml, and ultrasonication is performed for 60min in an ultrasonic cleaner, ultrasonic power is 500W, and uniformly dispersed Airgel and alcohol mixed slurry is obtained, aluminum powder is added to the airgel and alcohol mixed slurry, and mechanical stirring is performed for 120 min, the rotation speed is 500 r/min, uniformly mixed airgel particle and aluminum powder mixed slurry to acquire Then, the mixed slurry is poured into a three-necked flask, alcohol in the mixed solution is removed through distillation under reduced pressure, the distillation temperature is controlled at 75° C., and a mixed powder of completely dried airgel particles and aluminum powder is obtained. The mixed powder is put into a mold and heated to 200° C. to form a block by hot pressing, and thermal extrusion is performed thereon again. The extrusion ratio is 10:1, and the extrusion temperature is 450° C.

The performance of the airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared in Examples 8 to 12 is as shown in Table 3.

Each performance of airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material in Examples Sample Airgel content
/wt.% tensile strength
/MPa yield strength
/MPa elongation
/% density
/g cm-3 electrical conductivity
/%IACS Example 8 0.05 80 65 39.0 2.67 62.0 Example 9 0.1 307 256 14.8 2.73 51.4 Example 10 1.0 90 75 29.1 2.65 57.3 Example 11 2.0 248 182 17.3 2.71 52.3 Example 12 5.0 374 283 12.5 2.68 53.4

The performance of the obtained airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material is as shown in Table 3. The manufactured pure aluminum-based composite material is superior in mechanical performance to that of a pure aluminum substrate, has a density of 2.7 g·cm ^-3 or less, and has an electrical conductivity of 55% IACS or more, and the manufactured aluminum alloy-based composite material is Automotive, aerospace, electric power of aluminum materials with significantly improved mechanical performance, density ^{less than 2.75 g cm -3} , conductivity greater than 50% IACS, and special demand for high-performance aluminum components and electrical and thermal conduction performance It has broad application prospects in fields such as electronics.

Manufacturing of Silicon Dioxide Airgel Reinforced Copper Composites

Example 13

The method for manufacturing a silicon dioxide airgel reinforced copper composite includes the following steps.

1) According to the mass ratio, take the hydrophilic SiO2 airgel in a 0.5 g three-necked flask, add 10 mL of deionized water and 15.7 mg of Cu(Ac) ₂ ·H ₂ O, and conduct ultrasonic dispersion at a frequency of 40 kHz or less for 25 minutes and

2) A water bath at 40° C., mechanical stirring under 60 r/min conditions, an aqueous solution of hydrazine hydrate is added dropwise, and the dropping is completed for 1 h,

3) After completion of the reaction, centrifugation is performed, and the solid is sequentially washed with water and alcohol, immersed three times each, for 10 minutes each time, centrifuged, and the solid is vacuum-dried, followed by silicon dioxide airgel-reinforced copper Obtain a composite material.

Further, in step 2), the aqueous solution of hydrazine hydrate is 0.39 mL of 98% hydrazine monohydrate.

Furthermore, the reaction time of the present invention is 6 h.

Example 14

The method for manufacturing a silicon dioxide airgel reinforced copper composite includes the following steps.

1) According to the mass ratio, take the hydrophilic SiO2 airgel in a 0.5 g three-necked flask, add 20 mL of deionized water and 78.5 mg of Cu(Ac) ₂ ·H ₂ O, and conduct ultrasonic dispersion at a frequency of 60 kHz or less for 20 minutes. and

2) A water bath at 40 ° C., mechanical stirring under 90 r/min conditions, an aqueous solution of hydrazine hydrate is added dropwise, and the dropping is completed for 1 h,

3) After completion of the reaction, centrifugation is performed, and the solid is sequentially washed with water and alcohol, immersed 3 times each, for 12 minutes each time, centrifuged, and the solid is vacuum-dried, followed by silicon dioxide airgel-reinforced copper Obtain a composite material.

Further, in step 2), the aqueous solution of hydrazine hydrate is 20 mL of 50% hydrazine monohydrate.

Furthermore, the reaction time of the present invention is 12 h.

Example 15

The method for manufacturing a silicon dioxide airgel reinforced copper composite includes the following steps.

1) According to the mass ratio, take the hydrophilic SiO2 airgel in a 0.5 g three-necked flask, add 20 mL of deionized water and 157 mg of Cu(Ac) ₂ H ₂ O, and conduct ultrasonic dispersion at a frequency of 100 kHz or less for 15 minutes. ,

2) A water bath at 40° C., mechanical stirring under 100 r/min condition, an aqueous hydrazine hydrate solution is added dropwise, and the dropping is completed for 1 h,

3) After completion of the reaction, centrifugation is performed, and the solid is sequentially washed with water and alcohol, immersed three times each, for 10 minutes each time, centrifuged, and the solid is vacuum-dried, followed by silicon dioxide airgel-reinforced copper Obtain a composite material.

Further, in step 2), the aqueous solution of hydrazine hydrate is 40 mL of 50% hydrazine monohydrate.

Furthermore, the reaction time of the present invention is 24 h.

Example 16

The method for manufacturing a silicon dioxide airgel reinforced copper composite includes the following steps.

1) According to the mass ratio, take the hydrophilic SiO2 airgel in a 0.5 g three-necked flask, add 50 mL of deionized water and 235 mg of Cu(Ac) ₂ ·H ₂ O, and ultrasonic dispersion at a frequency of 40-120 kHz or less for 25 minutes proceed,

2) A water bath at 40° C., mechanical stirring under 130 r/min conditions, an aqueous solution of hydrazine hydrate is added dropwise, and the dropping is completed for 1 h,

3) After completion of the reaction, centrifugation is performed, and the solid is sequentially washed with water and alcohol, immersed 3 times each, for 15 minutes each time, centrifuged, and the solid is vacuum-dried, followed by silicon dioxide airgel-reinforced copper Obtain a composite material.

Further, in step 2), the aqueous solution of hydrazine hydrate is 60 mL of 50% hydrazine monohydrate.

Furthermore, the reaction time of the present invention is 48 h.

Cu@SiO ₂ Manufacturing Conditions in Examples 13-16 Hydrophilic SiO ₂ Airgel (g) Cu(Ac) ₂ H ₂ O
(mg) hydrazine hydrate
(mL) reaction time
(h) Example 13 0.5 15.7 0.39 ^a 6 Example 14 0.5 78.5 20 ^b 12 Example 15 0.5 157 40 ^b 24 Example 16 0.5 235 60 ^b 48

Note: a. 98% hydrazine monohydrate; b. 50% hydrazine hydrate, on prolonged standing, the true purity is lowered.

1. Macroscopic Volume Observation

According to the observation of the _{Cu@SiO 2} powders containing different amounts in Examples 13-16, _{after reinforcing copper with SiO 2} airgel, the macroscopic volume did not change clearly, but the density increased, and the floating phenomenon in the air was observed. This has been constantly improved.

2. XRD analysis

Three sharp diffraction peaks appear at positions where 2θ is 43.3°, 50.4°, and 74.1°, which correspond to the diffraction of single copper (111), (200), and (200) crystal planes of a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure, respectively. The diffraction peak has a sharp peak shape and no other noise, which explains that the crystallinity of copper is very good and the purity is relatively high. _{The Cu@SiO 2} diffraction peak having a copper content of 5% is not clear and the crystallinity is relatively poor. This may be caused by incomplete reduction.

XRD did not find a peak of copper oxide, which explains the absence or very little CuO.

1 is a SiO ₂ airgel and Cu@SiO ₂ powder XRD spectrum diagram of different Cu content.

3. Scanning Electron Microscopy Results

As shown in FIG. 2, when the copper content was 1%, it _{was not found that clear copper nanoparticles were present on the SiO 2} surface, and when the content was 5-15%, the copper nanoparticles were SiO ₂ airgel surface , the size is about 100 nm, there are adhesions with each other, and the effect of an increase in the copper mass fraction on the size of copper nanoparticles is limited, and it is estimated that the deposition thickness increases. Copper nanoparticles with a content of 5% already completely _{covered the SiO 2} airgel pores.

The present invention is not limited to copper, for example, through the addition of silicon dioxide airgel to metal, the overall mechanical performance of the composite material is finally improved, and finally a composite material reinforced with silicon dioxide airgel can be obtained, This method is not limited to one metal and one airgel, and it is intended to point out that, in theory, various metals and airgels are all possible.

Manufacturing of silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material

The manufacturing steps of the silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material of the present invention are as follows.

First, aluminum powder and silicon carbide airgel in a certain mixing ratio are mixed for 15 to 45 minutes in a double cone high-efficiency raw material mixer, then the uniformly mixed powder is put in a mold and pressed into blocks in a hydraulic machine, aluminum-silicon carbide airgel intermediate The alloy block is introduced into the aluminum liquid in a vacuum induction furnace to be refined at a refining temperature of 1150 to 1350° C., and the intermediate alloy block is melted and then injection molded in a steel casting mold.

The specific steps are as follows.

(1) production of intermediate alloy: raw material mixing-raw material mixing-cold pressing; (2) Manufacture of composite material: vacuum refining-injection molding.

The specific process steps include the following steps.

Raw material blending: According to the mass ratio, pure aluminum powder and micron silicon carbide airgel (particle size range is 1 to 30 μm) are taken, among which the content in the intermediate alloy of the airgel is 1 to 15 wt.%,

Raw material mixing: uniformly mix the blended pure aluminum powder and airgel using a double cone high-efficiency raw material mixer, and the mixing time is 15 to 45 min,

Cold Forming: Pressing the mixed powder into a block of intermediate alloy in a steel mold.

Refining: The intermediate alloy block is put into the molten aluminum liquid in a vacuum induction furnace, the refining temperature range is 1150 to 1350° C., and after the melting of the intermediate alloy block is completed, injection molding is performed in a steel casting mold.

Example 17

In the silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, it includes both an aluminum substrate and a reinforcing phase, wherein the aluminum substrate is pure aluminum, the reinforcing phase is airgel, and the airgel is silicon carbide (SiC).

Its mass percentage composition is 50% silicon carbide airgel, and the excess is aluminum.

The method of the production process flow of the silicon carbide airgel reinforced aluminum-based composite material is,

(1) Al-SiC airgel intermediate alloy production: raw material mixing - raw material mixing - cold pressing; (2) Manufacture of composite materials: induction furnace refining-injection molding.

As a specific process, the raw materials are formulated according to the ingredients in Table 5.

First, Al-10wt.% SiC airgel intermediate alloy is prepared, pure aluminum powder and silicon carbide airgel are mixed for 45 min in a double cone high-efficiency raw material mixer, and then the mixed powder is pressed into blocks at a pressure of 15 MPa in a hydraulic machine . Finally, the aluminum liquid prepared according to the target component and the Al-10wt.% SiC intermediate alloy are put in a vacuum medium frequency induction furnace, and refining is performed at 1200°C. After all the pure aluminum is melted, the temperature is lowered to 1150° C. and then cast. The performance of the manufactured finished product is as shown in Table 6.

Example 18

In the silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, it includes both an aluminum substrate and a reinforcing phase, wherein the aluminum substrate is pure aluminum powder, the reinforcing phase is airgel, and the airgel is silicon carbide (SiC).

Its mass percentage composition is 45% silicon carbide airgel, and the excess is aluminum.

The method of the silicon carbide airgel reinforced aluminum-based composite material production process flow is: (1) Al-SiC airgel intermediate alloy production: raw material mixing - raw material mixing - cold pressing; (2) Manufacture of composite materials: induction furnace refining-injection molding.

As a specific process, the raw materials are formulated according to the ingredients in Table 5.

First, Al-15wt.% SiC airgel intermediate alloy is prepared, pure aluminum powder and silicon carbide airgel are mixed for 45 min in a double cone high-efficiency raw material mixer, and then the mixed powder is pressed into blocks at a pressure of 15 MPa in a hydraulic machine . Finally, the aluminum anode prepared according to the target component and the Al-15wt.% SiC intermediate alloy are put into the induction furnace, and refining is performed at 1300°C. After the pure aluminum is completely melted, the temperature is lowered to 1200° C. and then cast. The performance of the manufactured finished product is as shown in Table 6.

Example 19

In the silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, it includes both an aluminum substrate and a reinforcing phase, wherein the aluminum substrate is pure aluminum powder, the reinforcing phase is airgel, and the airgel is silicon carbide (SiC).

Its mass percentage composition is 35% silicon carbide airgel, and the excess is aluminum.

The method of the silicon carbide airgel reinforced aluminum-based composite material production process flow is: (1) Al-SiC airgel intermediate alloy production: raw material mixing - raw material mixing - cold pressing; (2) Manufacture of composite materials: induction furnace refining-injection molding.

As a specific process, the raw materials are formulated according to the ingredients in Table 5.

First, Al-5wt.% SiC airgel intermediate alloy is prepared, pure aluminum powder and silicon carbide airgel are mixed for 45 min in a double cone high-efficiency raw material mixer, and then the mixed powder is pressed into blocks at a pressure of 15 MPa in a hydraulic machine . Finally, the aluminum anode prepared according to the target component and the Al-5wt.% SiC intermediate alloy are put in a vacuum medium frequency induction furnace, and refining is performed at 1350°C. After all the pure aluminum is melted, the temperature is lowered to 1150° C. and then cast. The performance of the manufactured finished product is as shown in Table 6.

Example 20

In the silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, it includes both an aluminum substrate and a reinforcing phase, wherein the aluminum substrate is pure aluminum powder, the reinforcing phase is airgel, and the airgel is silicon carbide (SiC).

Its mass percentage composition is silicon carbide airgel 25%, and the excess is aluminum.

The method of the silicon carbide airgel reinforced aluminum-based composite material production process flow is: (1) Al-SiC airgel intermediate alloy production: raw material mixing - raw material mixing - cold pressing; (2) Manufacture of composite materials: induction furnace refining-injection molding.

As a specific process, the raw materials are formulated according to the ingredients in Table 5.

First, Al-5wt.% SiC airgel intermediate alloy is prepared, pure aluminum powder and silicon carbide airgel are mixed for 45 min in a double cone high-efficiency raw material mixer, and then the mixed powder is pressed into blocks at a pressure of 15 MPa in a hydraulic machine . Finally, the aluminum anode prepared according to the target component and the Al-5wt.% SiC intermediate alloy are put in a vacuum medium frequency induction furnace, and refining is performed at 1300°C. After the pure aluminum is completely melted, the temperature is lowered to 1200° C. and then cast. The performance of the manufactured finished product is as shown in Table 6.

Example 21

In the silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, it includes both an aluminum substrate and a reinforcing phase, wherein the aluminum substrate is pure aluminum powder, the reinforcing phase is airgel, and the airgel is silicon carbide (SiC).

Its mass percentage composition is 15% silicon carbide airgel, and the excess is aluminum.

The method of the silicon carbide airgel reinforced aluminum-based composite material production process flow is: (1) Al-SiC airgel intermediate alloy production: raw material mixing - raw material mixing - cold pressing; (2) Manufacture of composite materials: induction furnace refining-injection molding.

As a specific process, the raw materials are formulated according to the ingredients in Table 5.

First, Al-10wt.% SiC airgel intermediate alloy is prepared, pure aluminum powder and silicon carbide airgel are mixed for 15 min in a double cone high-efficiency raw material mixer, and then the mixed powder is pressed into blocks at a pressure of 15 MPa in a hydraulic machine . Finally, the aluminum anode prepared according to the target component and the Al-10wt.% SiC intermediate alloy are put in a vacuum medium frequency induction furnace, and refining is performed at 1350°C. After all the pure aluminum is melted, the temperature is lowered to 1150° C. and then cast. The performance of the manufactured finished product is as shown in Table 6.

Example 22

In the silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, it includes both an aluminum substrate and a reinforcing phase, wherein the aluminum substrate is pure aluminum powder, the reinforcing phase is airgel, and the airgel is silicon carbide (SiC).

Its mass percentage composition is silicon carbide airgel 5%, and the excess is aluminum.

The method of the silicon carbide airgel reinforced aluminum-based composite material production process flow is: (1) Al-SiC airgel intermediate alloy production: raw material mixing - raw material mixing - cold pressing; (2) Manufacture of composite materials: induction furnace refining-injection molding.

As a specific process, the raw materials are formulated according to the ingredients in Table 5.

First, Al-5wt.% SiC airgel intermediate alloy is prepared. Pure aluminum powder and silicon carbide airgel are mixed for 15 minutes in a double cone high-efficiency raw material mixer, and then the mixed powder is pressed into blocks at a pressure of 15 MPa in a hydraulic machine. . Finally, the aluminum anode prepared according to the target component and the Al-5wt.% SiC intermediate alloy are put in a vacuum medium frequency induction furnace, and refining is performed at 1350°C. After all the pure aluminum is melted, the temperature is lowered to 1150° C. and then cast. The performance of the manufactured finished product is as shown in Table 6.

Component composition of airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material (wt.%) Example SiC Al Example 17 50.0 redundancy Example 18 45.0 redundancy Example 19 35.0 redundancy Example 20 25.0 redundancy Example 21 15.0 redundancy Example 22 5.0 redundancy

Performance of Examples 17-22 and Intermediate Alloy Block Ingots Sample Tensile strength/MPa Yield strength/MPa Elongation/% Thermal conductivity W/MK Electrical Conductivity/%IACS Density/g·cm3 Hardness/HV Medium alloy block ingot 350 250 45.0 350.0 61 8.900 50.0 Example 17 400 270 35 250.6 57 8.896 55.2 Example 18 500 440 20 233.7 52 8.895 100 Example 19 530 460 12 205.2 47.1 8.862 138 Example 20 570 480 10 180.7 45.3 8.850 142 Example 21 600 500 8 140.5 42.0 8.829 150 Example 22 620 510 6 120.2 41.3 8.817 160

The present invention can finally improve the overall mechanical performance of the composite material through the addition of micron silicon carbide airgel to pure aluminum, and finally obtain a silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material. And, as a modification of the present invention, through the addition of micron silicon carbide airgel to the metal, the overall mechanical performance of the composite material can be finally improved, and a silicon carbide airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material can be finally obtained. In addition, the present method is not limited to one metal and one airgel, and in theory, various metals and airgel are possible.

Manufacture of high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composites

Example 23

The total weight of the high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example is 5000 grams, the airgel content is designed to be 20.0 wt.% (weight percentage, the same as below), the airgel component is zirconium oxide, and the particle size of the airgel particles Silver is 10 to 20 μm, the substrate alloy is an aluminum alloy numbered 1100, the impurity content is 0.1 wt.% or less, and the excess is Al. As a specific process, by mixing a certain mass of airgel particles and pure aluminum alloy powder (aluminum powder particle size of 200 mesh, impurity content of 0.5 wt.% or less), an airgel/aluminum precursor with an airgel content of 90 wt.% is obtained and , put the airgel/aluminum precursor into the molten aluminum liquid at 690 ℃ (slightly higher than the alloy liquidus 30 ℃), and proceed with mechanical stirring for 30 min, so that the airgel is uniformly distributed in the molten liquid, and the composite material oil is 720 ℃ (Slightly higher than the alloy liquidus level of 60℃), ultrasonic treatment for 20min is performed thereon, ultrasonic power is 2500W, and after ultrasonic treatment is completed, it is kept warm, and injection molded in a mold, and the airgel content is 40.0 % of high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material is obtained. Afterwards, hot extrusion and cold drawing are performed for the composite briquette, and the extrusion ratio is 81:1, the drawing ratio is 25:1, and finally, a high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material wire is obtained. The performance of the prepared high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material is as shown in Table 7.

Example 24

The high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example is 1000 grams, and the airgel content is designed to be 40.0 wt.% (weight percentage, the same as below), the airgel component is silicon oxide, and the particle size of the airgel particles is 15 to 30 μm, the substrate alloy is an aluminum alloy numbered 1050, the impurity content is not more than 0.05 wt.%, and the excess is Al. As a specific process, an airgel/aluminum precursor having an airgel content of 80 wt.% is obtained by mixing a certain mass of airgel particles and pure aluminum alloy powder (aluminum powder particle size of 325 mesh, impurity content of 0.5 wt.% or less), and , the airgel/aluminum precursor is placed in a molten aluminum liquid at 720 °C (slightly higher than the alloy liquidus line of 60 °C), mechanically stirred for 15 min, so that the airgel is uniformly distributed in the melt, and the composite oily material is 680 °C (Slightly higher than alloy liquidus 20℃), ultrasonic treatment for 20min is performed thereon, ultrasonic power is 1000W, and after ultrasonication is finished, it is kept warm, and injection molded in sand sand, so that the airgel content is 40.0% Obtain high-strength and high-conductivity aluminum composite material briquettes. Composite briquettes are subjected to hot extrusion and cold drawing, and the extrusion ratio is 81:1, the drawing ratio is 16:1, and finally, a high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material wire is obtained. The performance of the prepared high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material is as shown in Table 7.

Example 25

The high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example is 2000 grams, the airgel content is 0.1 wt.% (weight percentage, the same as below), the airgel component is silicon oxide, and the particle diameter of the airgel particles is 5 to 10 μm, the substrate alloy is ZL101, the impurity content is 0.2 wt.% or less, and the excess is Al. As a specific process, an airgel/aluminum precursor with an airgel content of 1% is obtained by mixing airgel particles of a certain mass and aluminum alloy powder (aluminum powder particle size is 300 mesh, impurity content is 0.2% or less), and airgel/aluminum The precursor is placed in the molten aluminum liquid at 595°C (slightly lower than the alloy liquidus of 20°C), stirred for 5 min, so that the airgel is uniformly distributed in the melt, and the composite oil is heated to 715°C (alloy liquidus of 100). Slightly higher than ℃), ultrasonic treatment for 5 min is performed thereon, the ultrasonic power is 200 W, and after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, it is kept warm, and injection molded in a mold, high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum with an airgel content of 0.1% Acquire a composite material briquette. The performance of the prepared high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material is as shown in Table 7.

Example 26

The high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example is 2000 grams, the airgel content is 2.0 wt.% (weight percentage, the same as below), the airgel component is titanium oxide, and the particle size of the airgel particles is 40 to 50 μm, the substrate alloy is ZL203, the impurity content is 0.2 wt.% or less, and the excess is Al. As a specific process, by mixing airgel particles of a certain mass and aluminum alloy powder (aluminum powder particle size of 60 mesh, impurity content less than 0.2%), an airgel/aluminum precursor having an airgel content of 10% is obtained, and airgel/aluminum The precursor is placed in a molten aluminum liquid at 600°C (slightly lower than the alloy liquidus line 50°C), stirred for 10 min, so that the airgel is uniformly distributed in the melt, and the composite oily material is stirred at 700°C (liquid line 50°C) slightly higher), and ultrasonic treatment for 10 min is performed thereon, the ultrasonic power is 600 W, and after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, it is kept warm, and injection molded in a mold, high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum having an airgel content of 2.0% Acquire a composite material briquette. The performance of the prepared high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material is as shown in Table 7.

Example 27

The high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example is 5000 grams, the airgel content is 5.0 wt.% (weight percentage, the same as below), the airgel component is silicon oxide, and the particle size of the airgel particles is 0.1 to 1 μm, the substrate alloy is 6061, the impurity content is 0.15 wt.% or less, and the excess is Al. As a specific process, by mixing a certain mass of airgel particles and aluminum alloy powder (aluminum powder particle size of 150 mesh, impurity content of 0.2 wt.% or less), an airgel/aluminum precursor having an airgel content of 20 wt.% is obtained, The airgel/aluminum precursor is placed in the molten aluminum liquid at 660°C (slightly higher than the alloy liquidus line of 10°C), stirred for 15 min, so that the airgel is uniformly distributed in the melt, and the composite material oil is heated to 730°C (alloy) (slightly higher than liquidus line 80 ° C), and subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 15 min., ultrasonic power is 2000 W, and after ultrasonic treatment is completed, it is kept warm, and injection molded in sandblasting, high strength with an airgel content of 5.0% Obtain high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material briquettes. Composite briquettes are subjected to hot extrusion and cold drawing. The extrusion ratio is 81:1, the drawing ratio is 9:1, and finally, a high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material is obtained. The performance of the prepared high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material is as shown in Table 7.

Example 28

The high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example is 5000 grams, the airgel content is 10.0 wt.% (weight percentage, the same as below), the airgel component is silicon oxide, and the particle size of the airgel particles is 1 to 5 μm, the substrate alloy is 5005, the impurity content is 0.15 wt.% or less, and the excess is Al. As a specific process, by mixing a certain mass of airgel particles and aluminum alloy powder (aluminum powder particle size of 100 mesh, impurity content of 0.5 wt.% or less), an airgel/aluminum precursor having an airgel content of 40 wt.% is obtained, The airgel/aluminum precursor is placed in the molten aluminum liquid at 640°C (slightly lower than the alloy liquidus of 10°C), mechanically stirred for 20 min, so that the airgel is uniformly distributed in the melt, and the melt is heated at 680°C (alloy liquidus) (slightly higher than 30 ° C), and subjected to 15 min of sonication, the ultrasonic power is 3000 W, and after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, it is kept warm, and injection molded in sandblasting, high-strength and high-conductivity with an airgel content of 10.0% Acquire aluminum composite material briquettes. Composite briquettes are subjected to hot extrusion and cold drawing. The extrusion ratio is 81:1, the drawing ratio is 9:1, and finally, a high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material is obtained. The performance of the prepared high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material is as shown in Table 7.

The performance of the high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material obtained in the present invention is as shown in Table 1. The present invention proceeds with agitation in the liquid or solid section of the aluminum alloy, and through the ultrasonic treatment of the composite material molten material, the airgel distribution is uniform, to obtain an aluminum-based composite with a uniform structure. Then, the obtained aluminum-based composite material is subjected to plastic molding processing such as extrusion, rolling, and drawing to obtain a deformed aluminum-based composite material having further excellent mechanical performance. The present invention solves the technical problem that sub-micron and micron particles are uniformly and effectively dispersed in an aluminum alloy substrate, and has advantages such as a simple process and low production cost. It is suitable for large-scale production. The manufactured composite material has all of its mechanical properties superior to that of pure aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate, and has a density of 2.7 g·cm ⁻³ or less, and also maintains good electrical conduction performance, high-performance aluminum component and electric conduction heat conduction. It has broad application prospects in automotive, aerospace, power electronics and other fields of aluminum materials with special demands for performance.

Components and performance of high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite materials in Examples Sample Airgel content
/wt.% tensile strength
/MPa yield strength
/MPa elongation
/% density
/g cm ^-3 electrical conductivity
/%IACS Example 23 20.0 205 180 5 2.55 61.5 Example 24 40.0 185 165 7 2.45 62.4 Example 25 0.1 175 - 2.8 2.67 41.9 Example 26 2.0 215 - 7.1 2.78 37.2 Example 27 5.0 367 296 13.5 2.72 48.5 Example 28 10.0 240 205 4.8 2.65 53.1

Each of the above embodiments described with reference to the drawings is intended to explain that it is only for explaining the present application, not for limiting the scope of the present application, and proceeds with respect to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that all modifications or equivalent substitutions should be included within the scope of the present application. Also, unless the context dictates otherwise, words expressed in the singular form include the plural form and vice versa. And, unless otherwise specified, all or part of any embodiment may be used in combination with all or part of any other embodiment.

Claims (58)

In the method for manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material,
obtaining an airgel;
obtaining a metal as a material substrate;
Including the step of reacting by mixing the airgel and the metal,
The airgel is a method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that it comprises silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide or zirconium oxide, silicon carbide. According to claim 1,
The mixing reaction process is a method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that it proceeds at 200 to 1350 ℃. According to claim 1,
obtaining an airgel;
obtaining a metal;
After mixing the airgel and the metal, including the step of performing pressing,
A method for manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the pressed product is subjected to sintering, refining, or thermal extrusion in a mold. According to claim 1,
The metal is an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that it includes a metal element, a metal alloy, or a salt containing a metal. 5. The method of claim 4,
The metal is a method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that it comprises pure aluminum, a deformed aluminum alloy or a cast aluminum alloy. 6. The method of claim 5,
The modified aluminum alloy matrix component is 1XXX series industrial pure aluminum or 2XXX, 3XXX, 4XXX, 5XXX, 6XXX, 7XXX, 8XXX series modified aluminum alloy, and the cast aluminum alloy matrix component is ZL1XX, ZL2XX, ZL3XX or ZL4XX series cast aluminum alloy A method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that According to claim 1,
The airgel is a method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that selected from silicon oxide. According to claim 1,
obtaining a silicon oxide airgel including nano silicon dioxide airgel and micron silicon dioxide airgel;
obtaining metallic copper as a material substrate and obtaining metallic zinc;
grinding the copper and the silicon dioxide airgel, then mixing it with the zinc and micron silicon dioxide airgel, and pressing to obtain a briquette;
Method for producing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material comprising the step of sintering the briquette. 9. The method of claim 8,
Taking the powder according to the mixing ratio, the copper and nano silicon dioxide mixed powder is ball milled in advance in a planetary high-energy ball mill, then put into a V-type mixer together with other raw materials and mixed uniformly, and then the powder in a steel mold to increase the density 4 to 5 g/cm ^{3 A} method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material comprising the step of pressing into briquettes, and finally sintering the briquettes in a bell-type furnace. 9. The method of claim 8,
A method for manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that electrolytic copper, zinc atomization powder, micron silicon dioxide and nano silicon dioxide are used as raw materials. 11. The method of claim 10,
Electrolytic copper powder average particle size≤74㎛, purity ≥99.9wt%, the average particle size of zinc atomization powder is 40-50㎛, purity≥98wt%, micron SiO ₂ average particle size is 40-50㎛, moisture content ≤ 1wt%, and nano SiO ₂ Method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the average particle size is 20 to 40 nm. 11. The method of claim 10,
The ball milling time in the high energy ball mill is 2 to 4 h, and the mixing time in the V-type mixer is 3 to 5 h. 13. The method of claim 12,
When the briquette is sintered in a bell-type furnace, the sintering pressure is 1.0 to 4.0 MPa, the sintering temperature is 800 to 1000 ° C, the average temperature rise rate is 4 to 7 ° C / min, and a hydrogen gas reducing protective atmosphere is used in the sintering process and the sintering time is 20 to 40 min, and finally, a method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the finished product is manufactured by cooling it to room temperature under a protective atmosphere. According to claim 1,
obtaining an airgel;
obtaining aluminum powder as a material substrate;
obtaining a mixed powder of block-shaped airgel and aluminum powder by mixing the airgel and the aluminum powder and then pressing;
A method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material comprising the step of thermally extruding a mixed powder of block-shaped airgel and aluminum powder in a mold. 15. The method of claim 14,
1) Putting airgel particles into anhydrous alcohol, performing mechanical stirring and ultrasonic treatment to obtain a mixed slurry of airgel particles and alcohol, and again adding pure aluminum or aluminum alloy powder to the mixed slurry, continuously mechanical stirring and ultrasonic treatment to obtain a mixed slurry of airgel particles and aluminum powder;
2) Put the mixed slurry of airgel particles and aluminum powder obtained in step 1) in a container, proceed with mechanical stirring, and remove alcohol in the mixed slurry by distillation to obtain a completely dried mixed powder of airgel particles and aluminum powder Wow,
3) Putting the mixed powder of airgel particles and aluminum powder obtained in step 2) into a mold, and performing hot pressing under a set temperature to obtain a mixed powder of airgel and aluminum powder in block shape;
4) Putting the mixed powder of the block-shaped airgel particles and aluminum powder obtained in step 3) into an extrusion mold, and under the set temperature and extrusion ratio, obtaining an airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material through thermal extrusion A method for manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material. 16. The method of claim 15,
The particle size of the pure aluminum or aluminum alloy powder is 60 to 325 mesh, and the content of impurities in the pure aluminum or aluminum alloy powder ≤ 0.5 wt.% Method for producing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material. 17. The method of claim 16,
In step 1), the ultrasonic power is 100 to 500W, the time is 10 to 60min, the stirring time of the airgel particles and the aluminum powder is 10 to 120min The method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that. 18. The method of claim 17,
In step 2), the distillation temperature is 60 to 80 ℃ when removing the alcohol,
In step 3), the hot pressing temperature of the mixed powder of airgel and aluminum powder is 200 to 400 ℃,
In step 4), the temperature of the thermal extrusion of the mixed powder of the block-shaped airgel and the aluminum powder is 200 to 450° C., and the extrusion ratio is 10:1 to 25:1. . 8. The method of claim 7,
1) Hydrophilic SiO2 airgel is taken in a three-necked flask according to the mass ratio, deionized water and Cu(Ac)2·H2O are added, followed by ultrasonic dispersion for 1 to 25 minutes,
2) proceed with a water bath at 40° C., and an aqueous solution of hydrazine hydrate is added dropwise under mechanical stirring, and the dropping is completed for 1 h;
3) After completion of the reaction, centrifugation is performed, the solid is sequentially washed with water and alcohol, centrifuged, and the solid is vacuum dried, followed by obtaining a silicon dioxide airgel-reinforced copper composite material. The method of manufacturing the material. 20. The method of claim 19,
In step 1), the hydrophilic SiO2 airgel taken according to the mass ratio is 0.5 g, the amount of deionized water added is 10 to 50 mL, and the amount of Cu(Ac) 2 H2O added is 10 to 250 mg Airgel reinforcement, characterized in that A method for manufacturing a metal-based composite material. 21. The method of claim 20,
In step 1), the ultrasonic processor used for ultrasonic dispersion is a method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the ultrasonic dispersion process is carried out under a frequency of 40-120 kHz. 22. The method of claim 21,
In step 2), the method for producing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the dropping of the hydrazine hydrate aqueous solution is completed by stirring for 60 min under the conditions of 60 to 130 r/min. 23. The method of claim 22,
In step 2), the aqueous solution of hydrazine hydrate is 98% hydrazine monohydrate or 50% hydrazine hydrate. 24. The method of claim 23,
In step 3), the method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that it is washed with water and alcohol and immersed 3 times each, for 10 to 15 minutes each time. According to claim 1,
obtaining a silicon carbide airgel;
obtaining aluminum powder as a material substrate;
manufacturing a block by mixing the airgel and the aluminum powder and then pressing;
A method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material comprising the step of introducing into the aluminum liquid in a vacuum induction furnace for refining, and injection molding in a steel casting mold after the intermediate alloy block is melted. 26. The method of claim 25,
1) The aluminum powder and silicon carbide airgel taken according to the mixing ratio are mixed in a double cone high-efficiency raw material mixer,
Then, a step of preparing an intermediate alloy in which the uniformly mixed powder is put into a mold and pressed into a block in a hydraulic press;
2) Manufacturing of a composite material by introducing an aluminum-silicon carbide airgel intermediate alloy block into an aluminum liquid in a vacuum induction furnace, refining it at a refining temperature of 1150 to 1350° C., and injection molding in a steel casting mold after the intermediate alloy block is melted Airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material manufacturing method comprising a. 27. The method of claim 26,
In step 1), the aluminum powder is a method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the pure aluminum powder. 28. The method of claim 27,
In step 1), the particle size range of the silicon carbide airgel is a method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that 1 to 30㎛. 29. The method of claim 28,
In step 1), the content in the intermediate alloy of the airgel is a method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that 1 to 15wt.%. 30. The method of claim 29,
In step 1), the powder mixing time of the double cone high-efficiency raw material mixer is 15 to 45 min. 31. The method of claim 30,
In step 1), the pressing into blocks is a method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that pressing the mixed powder into an intermediate alloy block in a steel mold. 32. The method of claim 31,
A method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the average particle size of the pure aluminum powder is ≤ 150 μm, and the content of impurities in the pure aluminum is ≤ 0.1 wt.%. 33. The method of claim 32,
The method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the average particle size of the micron silicon carbide airgel is 1 to 30㎛. 6. The method of claim 5,
(1) mixing a certain mass of airgel particles and pure aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder to obtain an airgel/aluminum precursor;
(2) adding the precursor obtained in step (1) to the molten aluminum liquid, and performing mechanical stirring for 5 to 30 min so that the airgel particles are uniformly distributed in the aluminum melt;
(3) after ultrasonic treatment of the composite material obtained in step (2), and then performing injection molding in a mold or sand sand to obtain a high-strength, high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material A method for manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material. 35. The method of claim 34,
The particle size of the pure aluminum or aluminum alloy powder is 60 to 325 mesh, the method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the impurity content ≤ 0.5wt.% in the pure aluminum or aluminum alloy powder. 36. The method of claim 35,
In the airgel/aluminum precursor obtained in step (1), the airgel content is 1 to 90wt.% A method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metallic composite material, characterized in that 37. The method of claim 36,
When the stirring treatment is performed on the aluminum alloy melt in step (2), the temperature range of the melt is 50° C. below its liquidus line to 100° C. above the liquidus. 38. The method of claim 37,
When the ultrasonic treatment is performed on the melted composite material in step (3), the temperature of the melt is 20 to 100° C. above its liquidus, and the ultrasonic power corresponding to the melted composite material by unit weight is 100 to 1000 W/kg, The method of manufacturing an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the ultrasonic treatment time is 5 to 30 min. In the airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material prepared by the method of claim 1,
The airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material is obtained by performing a mixing reaction with respect to a raw material containing airgel and metal, wherein the airgel is silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide or zirconium oxide, characterized in that it comprises silicon carbide Airgel-reinforced metal-based composites. 40. The method of claim 39,
The metal is an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that it comprises pure aluminum, a deformed aluminum alloy or a cast aluminum alloy. 41. The method of claim 40,
The modified aluminum alloy matrix component is 1XXX series industrial pure aluminum or 2XXX, 3XXX, 4XXX, 5XXX, 6XXX, 7XXX, 8XXX series modified aluminum alloy;
The cast aluminum alloy matrix component is an airgel reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the ZL1XX, ZL2XX, ZL3XX or ZL4XX series cast aluminum alloy. 40. The method of claim 39,
The airgel is an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that selected from silicon oxide. 43. The method of claim 42,
The airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material is a copper-based airgel-reinforced copper alloy, and when calculated as a mass percentage, the copper-based airgel-reinforced copper alloy is 0.5% to 10% of zinc, 2% to 8% of silicon dioxide, and extra Airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that it contains copper. 44. The method of claim 43,
Calculated as a mass percentage, an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material comprising 1% to 5% of zinc, 3% to 6% of silicon dioxide, and extra copper. 45. The method of claim 44,
The material further comprises impurities, airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the mass percentage of impurities ≤ 0.1%. 46. Application of the airgel reinforced metallic composite of any one of claims 43 to 45 in the manufacture of a brake component article. 40. The method of claim 39,
The airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material is selected from an airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material,
The substrate of the composite material is pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy,
The reinforcing phase of the composite material is airgel,
Airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the content of airgel in the composite material is 0.05 to 5.0 wt.%. 48. The method of claim 47,
Airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the content of airgel in the composite material is 0.1 to 2.0wt.%. 49. The method of claim 48,
Airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the content of airgel in the composite material is 1.0wt.%. 50. The method of any one of claims 47-49, wherein
The matrix component of the composite material is 1XXX series industrial pure aluminum or 2XXX, 3XXX, 4XXX, 5XXX, 6XXX, 7XXX, 8XXX series aluminum alloy, and 1XXX and 2XXX to 8XXX starting with any one number from 1 to 8 Airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that indicating the number of aluminum or aluminum alloy. 51. The method of claim 50,
The airgel is an airgel particle, and its particle size is 0.1 to 50㎛, and the airgel particle component is an airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide or zirconium oxide. 52. Application of the airgel reinforced metallic composite of any one of claims 47 to 51 in the manufacture of a rigid aluminum article. 41. The method of claim 40,
The airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material is selected from silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite materials, and includes both an aluminum substrate and a reinforcing phase, the aluminum substrate is pure aluminum powder, the reinforcing phase is airgel, and the airgel is silicon carbide, The mass percentage composition of the silicon airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material is 0-50% of the silicon carbide airgel, and the airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the excess is aluminum. 54. The method of claim 53,
The silicon carbide airgel-reinforced aluminum-based composite material further comprises an impurity, and the airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the impurity mass percentage ≤ 0.1%. 41. The method of claim 40,
The airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material is selected from high-strength and high-conductivity aluminum-based composite materials, the aluminum substrate of the composite material is pure aluminum, a deformed aluminum alloy or a cast aluminum alloy, the reinforcing phase of the composite material is airgel, and the content of airgel in the composite material Airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that silver is 0.1 to 40.0 wt.%. 56. The method of claim 55,
The substrate component of the modified aluminum alloy is an airgel reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that 1XXX series industrial pure aluminum or 2XXX, 3XXX, 4XXX, 5XXX, 6XXX, 7XXX, 8XXX series modified aluminum alloy. 56. The method of claim 55,
Airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the substrate component of the cast aluminum alloy is a ZL1XX, ZL2XX, ZL3XX or ZL4XX series cast aluminum alloy. 56. The method of claim 55,
The airgel is a silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide or zirconium oxide particles, the airgel reinforced metal-based composite material, characterized in that the particle diameter is 0.1 to 50㎛.

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