CN106174677A - One shows delicate fragrance type characteristic tobacco baking method - Google Patents
One shows delicate fragrance type characteristic tobacco baking method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106174677A CN106174677A CN201610725928.5A CN201610725928A CN106174677A CN 106174677 A CN106174677 A CN 106174677A CN 201610725928 A CN201610725928 A CN 201610725928A CN 106174677 A CN106174677 A CN 106174677A
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- nicotiana tabacum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/10—Roasting or cooling tobacco
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Abstract
nullThe invention discloses one and show delicate fragrance type characteristic tobacco baking method,According in not equality of temperature、Under humidity environment,Cellulose in Nicotiana tabacum L. body、The macromolecular compound degradation speed such as starch and protein、Speed is different,And total sugar、Reducing sugar、The chemical composition aggregate velocity such as nicotine and aldehydes matter、The rule that speed is different,By adjusting the temperature in each stage in Tobacco Leaf Curing、Wet bulb temperature、Ambient wind velocity、Baking time,I.e. compared with traditional handicraft,The present invention takes each stage wet bulb temperature to turn down 12 DEG C,Tobacco flue-curing yellowing degree turns down 1 one-tenth and dehydration degree heightens 3%,So that cured tobacco leaf reaches the outward appearance background color of delicate fragrance type based on white background,Nicotiana tabacum L. glossiness is good,It is high that intrinsic chemical composition shows as sugar、Alkali is low,It is less that fragrance component mainly shows as carotenoid degradation product,Brown reaction product is less,Aldehydes matter is more waits requirement.The requirement be finally reached and can show delicate fragrance type style characteristic Nicotiana tabacum L., ensureing quality of tobacco.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tobacco flue-curing method, especially relate to one and show delicate fragrance type characteristic tobacco baking method.
Background technology
China's flue-cured tobacco flavor types be divided into dense, in, clear three kinds of odor types, the research to style characteristic generally believes: ecological determine spy
Color, kind shows that characteristic, cultivation ensure characteristic, and style characteristic research great majority concentrate in tobacco variety, ecology, cultivation, cigarette
Leaf baking is less to the influence research of style characteristic.
Shicheng County, Ganzhou City and Fujian Province's Ninghua County adjoin, and cultivation, ecology and edaphic condition are basically identical, Ninghua County Nicotiana tabacum L.
Based on delicate fragrance type Nicotiana tabacum L., and Shicheng County Nicotiana tabacum L. is based on flat-flavor, and the difference of its maximum is exactly that baking method is different.
" screening of flue-cured tobacco apparent region feature sensory evaluation index " research shows: delicate fragrance type and flat-flavor producing region (cloud
Gui Chuan, northeast), Nicotiana tabacum L. background color is based on white, and glossiness is vivider;Luzhou-flavor producing region Nicotiana tabacum L. background color is with micro-ash and micro-red is
Main, Nicotiana tabacum L. glossiness dark [Wang Xinmin etc., the screening [J] of flue-cured tobacco apparent region feature sensory evaluation index. Nicotiana tabacum L. science and technology
2011(3): 59-68].Yunnan is typical delicate fragrance type Nicotiana tabacum L. producing region, its baking method and typical case Luzhou-flavor producing region (Henan, lake
South) baking method entirely different, Yunnan tobacco toast its changing yellow stage, fixation stage, drying muscle stage psychrometric difference require the denseest
Odor type producing region, its tobacco flue-curing wet bulb temperature is low 1-2 DEG C, changing yellow stage yellowing degree require low 1-2 become [Cui Guomin etc. different
The baking process impact [J] on Nicotiana tabacum L. judging parameter and flavor matter. Agriculture of Anhui science, 2013,41(24): 10125-
10128, Zhao Gaokun etc. flue-cured tobacco upgrading flavouring baking process studies [J] with three-phase-drying for tobacco process ration. and China's agronomy leads to
Report, 2014,30 (12): 312-315], roasting rear external appearance characteristic is significantly different, and its background color of Yunnan tobacco is based on white background, and color is
Lemon yellow to light orange is main, and Maturity is the poorest, and gloss intensity is good, and blade face is in addition to Essential colour, and without other colors, blade face is clean,
Its main cause, each stage wet bulb controls low, and brown reaction product is few, and the macromole aroma substance of synthesis is less, and material disappears
Consume the most less, show as that sugar is high, alkali is low [Su Yu etc. different flavor flue-cured tobacco main Maillard reaction thing and sensory evaluating smoking's index
Correlation analysis [J]. China agronomy circular .2016,32(7): 179-184, Wang Jianbing etc., different flavor Flue-cured tobacco Quality characteristic
Research. Anhui Nicotiana tabacum L. science and technology. 2015,43(34): 65-67];And Luzhou-flavor producing region cured tobacco leaf Maturity is preferable, color is the deepest
Partially dark, to deep orange, gloss intensity is poor, uneven color based on orange, and difference is totally spent on blade face, Nicotiana tabacum L. background color with micro-red or
Micro-ash is main, and it main reason is that in baking process that changing yellow stage yellowing degree is high, and dehydration degree is relatively low, fixation stage, dry
Muscle phase wet bulb is high, the beneficially formation of brown reaction product, and material consumption is relatively big, shows as that sugar is low, alkali is high, big point of synthesis
Sub-material more [Su Yu etc. the correlation analysis [J] of different flavor flue-cured tobacco main Maillard reaction thing and sensory evaluating smoking's index.
China agronomy circular .2016,32(7): 179-184, Wang Jianbing etc., different flavor Flue-cured tobacco Quality characteristic research. Anhui Nicotiana tabacum L. section
Skill. 2015,43(34): 65-67].
Ganzhou City of Jiangxi Province Nicotiana tabacum L. odor type in former years is not sufficiently stable, and some times show as Luzhou-flavor, and some times but show
For flat-flavor or delicate fragrance type, its main cause is Changes in weather, causes Nicotiana tabacum L. water content different, the year that period of maturation rainwater is many
Part, cured tobacco leaf shows as Luzhou-flavor, and the few time cured tobacco leaf of rainwater normally behaves as flat-flavor or delicate fragrance type, and it closes
Key reason is to use same baking method, and rainwater many time is big due to Nicotiana tabacum L. water content, and dehydration is relatively slow, cured tobacco leaf color
Deeply, gloss intensity is poor, and its Nicotiana tabacum L. external appearance characteristic, chemical composition meet strong-flavor tobacco leaf requirement, and the time that rainwater is few, Nicotiana tabacum L.
Water content is few, and dehydration is very fast, and cured tobacco leaf color is light, and based on lemon yellow or light orange, gloss intensity is good, its external appearance characteristic,
Chemical composition meets flat-flavor or delicate fragrance type Nicotiana tabacum L. requirement.How only to make Nicotiana tabacum L. dehydration according to dress smoke, weather, kind etc.
Amount or not enough, obtains basicly stable flat-flavor or delicate fragrance type characteristic tobacco has become a technical barrier being badly in need of solving.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of can show delicate fragrance type characteristic, ensure quality of tobacco tobacco flue-curing method,
Which overcome tradition baking method and tobacco flue-curing dehydration and the assurance that turns yellow are required inaccurate, cured tobacco leaf style characteristic, Nicotiana tabacum L. matter
The shortcoming that amount is unstable.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
One shows delicate fragrance type characteristic tobacco baking method, and feature is: specifically comprise the following steps that
A. blade tip turns yellow: dry-bulb temperature 36-37 DEG C, and temperature rise period dry and wet synchronizes, and steady thermophase is dry, wet bulb difference controls 1 ± 0.5
DEG C, baking time 12-16 hour, blade tip flavescence 5-10 centimetre;
B. blade turns yellow wilting: with the speed of 1 DEG C/2h, be warming up to 38 DEG C, the steady temperature of wet bulb temperature 34-35 DEG C, in the steady temperature time
About 25 hours, bottom, upper leaf about 30 hours, to bake and become to two layers of Nicotiana tabacum L. flavescence 7-8, leaf base blade-section is containing green grass or young crops, blade
The most wilting, its Nicotiana tabacum L. water content 60 ± 1%;
C. turn yellow and hook point: with the speed of 1 DEG C/2h, be warming up to 42-43 DEG C, the steady temperature of wet bulb temperature 35-36 DEG C, steady temperature time 8-
12 hours, two canopy leaf base offshoots hooked pointed state containing green grass or young crops, blade, and now Nicotiana tabacum L. water content is 50 ± 1%;
The least reel: with the speed of 1 DEG C/1.5h, is warming up to 45 DEG C, the steady temperature of wet bulb temperature 35-36 DEG C, the surely temperature time 20 in stage
About hour, master pulse bleaches, and bakes to Nicotiana tabacum L. water content 35 ± 1%, the two little reels of canopy, and end canopy offshoot turns yellow;
E. parent roll: with the speed of 1 DEG C/1h, is warming up to 53 DEG C, 38 DEG C of steady temperature of wet bulb temperature, and the stage, surely temperature time 10-20 was little
Time, bake to Nicotiana tabacum L. water content 18 ± 1%, full flue-cured tobacco parent roll;
F. master pulse is absolutely dry: with the speed of 1 DEG C/1h, is warming up to 65-68 DEG C, wet bulb temperature 38 DEG C, until full flue-cured tobacco master pulse is complete
Dry, i.e. obtain showing the finished product Nicotiana tabacum L. of delicate fragrance type characteristic, the finished product Nicotiana tabacum L. background color after baking is based on " white background ", color Fructus Citri Limoniae
Yellow to light orange, gloss intensity is good, and blade face is clean.
Delicate fragrance type Nicotiana tabacum L. external appearance characteristic: Nicotiana tabacum L. background color is with white background (tobacco leaf surface in addition to Essential colour without other color), Nicotiana tabacum L.
Glossiness is preferable;Its intrinsic chemical composition: sugar is high, alkali is low;Its fragrance component mainly shows themselves in that carotenoid degradation product relatively
The features such as many, brown reaction product is more, and aldehydes matter is less.According under different epidemic disaster environment, the fibre in Nicotiana tabacum L. body
The macromolecular compound degradation speed such as dimension element, starch and protein, speed are different, and total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine and phenolic material
The chemical composition aggregate velocities such as matter, the rule that speed is different, by adjust each stage temperature in Tobacco Leaf Curing, wet bulb temperature and
The control point of blower fan gear, compared with traditional handicraft, the present invention takes each stage wet bulb temperature to turn down 1-2 DEG C, Nicotiana tabacum L. changing yellow stage
Requiring that Nicotiana tabacum L. yellowing degree turns down 1 one-tenth, Nicotiana tabacum L. flavescence turns a fire phase requirement dehydration degree and heightens about 3%, so that cured tobacco leaf reaches
To the requirement of external appearance characteristic, chemical composition and the aroma substance of delicate fragrance type Nicotiana tabacum L., it is finally reached and shows delicate fragrance type style characteristic
Nicotiana tabacum L., the purpose of guarantee quality of tobacco.
The present invention according under different epidemic disaster environment, the producing high-molecular such as cellulose, starch and protein in Nicotiana tabacum L. body
Compound degradation speed, speed are different, and chemical composition aggregate velocity, the speed such as total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine and aldehydes matter are not
Same rule, by adjusting the temperature in each stage, wet bulb temperature, ambient wind velocity, baking time in Tobacco Leaf Curing, i.e. with tradition
Method is compared, and the present invention takes each stage wet bulb temperature to turn down 1-2 DEG C, and tobacco flue-curing yellowing degree turns down 1 one-tenth and dehydration degree
Heightening 3%, so that cured tobacco leaf reaches the outward appearance background color of delicate fragrance type based on white background, Nicotiana tabacum L. glossiness is good, intrinsic chemical composition
Showing as that sugar is high, alkali is low, fragrance component mainly shows as that carotenoid degradation product is less, and brown reaction product is less, phenol
Class material is more waits requirement, the requirement be finally reached and can show delicate fragrance type style characteristic Nicotiana tabacum L., ensureing quality of tobacco.
Compared with tradition baking method, the present invention has made bigger in warm and humid bulb temperature, baking time and blower fan unlatching etc.
Adjustment, each stage wet bulb temperature is low 1-2 DEG C, changing yellow stage drying tobacco require higher, utilize the present invention to show delicate fragrance type characteristic
Tobacco flue-curing method, cured tobacco leaf color is the lightest, and lemon yellow Nicotiana tabacum L. is more, its cured tobacco leaf external appearance characteristic, chemical composition, fragrance
Material meets delicate fragrance type tobacco style characteristic, and delicate fragrance type note is more prominent, is conducive to showing delicate fragrance type Nicotiana tabacum L. characteristic.Pass through Shicheng
County's contrast test, Nicotiana tabacum L. presentation quality is poorer than traditional baking process, and primary color is the lightest, but comments quality to be better than tradition Roaster
Skill, is mainly manifested in the aspects such as aroma quality, perfume quantity, miscellaneous QI, pleasant impression preferable, and delicate fragrance type tobacco style characteristic is more prominent.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
One shows delicate fragrance type characteristic tobacco baking method, specifically comprises the following steps that
1., after dress is roasting, lights a fire in time, with the speed of 2 DEG C/1h, be warming up to 30 DEG C, then the speed with 1 DEG C/1h, be warming up to 36-37
DEG C steady temperature, temperature rise period not dehumidifying, auto-controlling apparatus wet bulb temperature is consistent with dry-bulb temperature 36-37 DEG C, and steady thermophase is dry, wet bulb difference control
Making 1 ± 0.5 DEG C, steady temperature 8-10 hour, low grade opened by blower fan is main, blade tip flavescence 5-10 centimetre;
2. blade turns yellow wilting: with the speed of 1 DEG C/2h, be warming up to 38 DEG C, the steady temperature of wet bulb temperature 34-35 DEG C, psychrometric difference
2.5-4 DEG C, inferior leads 3-4 DEG C, 2.5-3 DEG C of middle and upper part Nicotiana tabacum L., steady about 25 hours, time middle and lower part of temperature, 30 hours left sides of upper leaf
The right side, bakes and becomes to two layers of Nicotiana tabacum L. flavescence 7-8, and blade is wilting, its Nicotiana tabacum L. water content 60 ± 1%, rainy season dry and wet difference 3-4 DEG C, blower fan is opened
Top grade is main, and dry season, dry and wet differed from 2.5 DEG C, and low grade opened by blower fan is main, and normal time dry and wet differs from 2.5 DEG C, and blower fan high and low shift is alternately
Using, its key request Nicotiana tabacum L. dehydration is more slightly higher than tobacco flue-curing dehydration standard;
3. turn yellow wilting: with the speed of 1 DEG C/2h, be warming up to 42-43 DEG C, the steady temperature of wet bulb temperature 35-36 DEG C, steady temperature time 8-
12 hours, two canopy blades turned yellow (only leaf base offshoot is containing green grass or young crops), and blade hooks point, and now Nicotiana tabacum L. water content is 50 ± 1%.Rainy season does
Bulb temperature controls 43 DEG C, and wet bulb controls 35 DEG C, and top grade opened by blower fan is main, and dry season, dry-bulb temperature controlled 42 DEG C, and wet bulb controls 36
DEG C, low grade opened by blower fan is main, and normal time dry-bulb temperature controls 41 DEG C, and wet bulb controls 36 DEG C, and blower fan high and low shift is used alternatingly,
Its key request Nicotiana tabacum L. dehydration is more slightly higher than tobacco flue-curing dehydration standard;
The least reel: with the speed of 1 DEG C/1.5h, is warming up to 45 DEG C, the steady temperature of wet bulb temperature 35-36 DEG C, stage surely temperature time 15-
About 25 hours, lower tobacco leaf wet bulb controlled 35 DEG C, and middle and upper part Nicotiana tabacum L. wet bulb controls 36 DEG C, bakes to Nicotiana tabacum L. water content 35 ± 1%,
Master pulse bleaches, the two little reels of canopy, and blower fan is opened based on high and low shift alternately;
5. parent roll: with the speed of 1 DEG C/1h, is warming up to 53 DEG C, 38 DEG C of steady temperature of wet bulb temperature, and the stage, surely temperature time 10-20 was little
Time, to bake to Nicotiana tabacum L. water content 18 ± 1%, full flue-cured tobacco parent roll, blower fan is opened based on high and low shift alternately;
6. master pulse is absolutely dry: with the speed of 1 DEG C/1h, is warming up to 65-68 DEG C, wet bulb temperature 38-39 DEG C, until full flue-cured tobacco master
Arteries and veins is absolutely dry, and blower fan is opened based on low grade, i.e. obtains showing the finished product Nicotiana tabacum L. of delicate fragrance type characteristic, at the bottom of the finished product Nicotiana tabacum L. after baking
Color is based on " white background ", color lemon yellow to light orange, and gloss intensity is good, and blade face is clean.
1 according to showing requirement described in delicate fragrance type characteristic tobacco baking method, and " one bakes a side to utilize Ganzhou City's bulk curing barn
Case " tobacco flue-curing pattern, design Ganzhou City's bulk curing barn " one bakes a scheme " delicate fragrance type method for flue-curing tobacco leaves, this baking
Pattern mainly utilize applicant 2011 application " a kind of method that flue-curing time of tobacco leaves in bulk curing barn accurately controls " design and
Become.This baking pattern, on the basis of dry materials model, sets up tobacco flue-curing drying model, uses EXCEL electrical form powerful
Computing function and one of simple programming function innovation and creation baking pattern table.This baking pattern requires to toast at every flue-cured tobacco
Before will according to fresh cigarette quality, production region conditions and the change of weather conditions, accurately input this flue-cured tobacco dress smoke, Nicotiana tabacum L. water content,
Flavescence time, nitrogen nutrition, kind, weather, soil types, blower motor power air quantity etc. affect the phase of drying tobacco and flavescence
After closing conditional parameter, automatically generate and include that the index such as gear, baking time opened by tobacco flue-curing each stage warm and humid temperature, blower fan,
Form " fool " formula baking scheme that tobacco grower can simply hold, it is simple to instruct tobacco grower's precision tobacco to toast (referring to table 1).
2 present invention are embodied as situation with tradition baking method:
A. the present invention compares with tradition baking method presentation quality
The present invention and tradition baking method contrast, skill Nicotiana tabacum L. background color of the present invention, based on " white background ", paler colour, with light orange is
Main, blade construction is the poorest, is mainly manifested in the lightest, and colourity is poor, and gloss intensity is good, and Ratio of dry to fresh matter of leaves is less, illustrates to use the present invention
Dry cured tobacco leaf inclusions and consume less (referring to table 2).
B. the present invention compares with tradition baking method main chemical compositions
The present invention and tradition baking method, Nicotiana tabacum L. reducing sugar, total sugar content have certain rising, total nitrogen, nicotine to have certain reduction,
Candy alkali ratio, nitrogen base ratio are higher, and chemical composition is coordinated to be better than tradition baking method, and chemical composition embodies delicate fragrance type Nicotiana tabacum L. sugar
The feature (referring to table 3) high, alkali is low.
3, the present invention compares with tradition baking method sensory evaluating smoking
The present invention and tradition baking method cured tobacco leaf judging parameter contrast, inherent quality of tobacco leaf gets a promotion, and shows: Nicotiana tabacum L.
Delicate fragrance type style characteristic is more prominent, and middle and upper part leaf aroma quality, perfume quantity, miscellaneous QI, pleasant impression are all better than traditional handicraft, and integrated sensory comments
Inhale better quality (referring to table 4).
。
Claims (1)
1. one kind shows delicate fragrance type characteristic tobacco baking method, it is characterised in that: specifically comprise the following steps that
A. blade tip turns yellow: dry-bulb temperature 36-37 DEG C, and temperature rise period dry and wet synchronizes, and steady thermophase is dry, wet bulb difference controls 1 ± 0.5
DEG C, baking time 12-16 hour, blade tip flavescence 5-10 centimetre;
B. blade turns yellow wilting: with the speed of 1 DEG C/2h, be warming up to 38 DEG C, the steady temperature of wet bulb temperature 34-35 DEG C, in the steady temperature time
About 25 hours, bottom, upper leaf about 30 hours, to bake and become to two layers of Nicotiana tabacum L. flavescence 7-8, leaf base blade-section is containing green grass or young crops, blade
The most wilting, its Nicotiana tabacum L. water content 60 ± 1%;
C. turn yellow and hook point: with the speed of 1 DEG C/2h, be warming up to 42-43 DEG C, the steady temperature of wet bulb temperature 35-36 DEG C, steady temperature time 8-
12 hours, two canopy leaf base offshoots hooked pointed state containing green grass or young crops, blade, and now Nicotiana tabacum L. water content is 50 ± 1%;
The least reel: with the speed of 1 DEG C/1.5h, is warming up to 45 DEG C, the steady temperature of wet bulb temperature 35-36 DEG C, the surely temperature time 20 in stage
About hour, master pulse bleaches, and bakes to Nicotiana tabacum L. water content 35 ± 1%, the two little reels of canopy, and end canopy offshoot turns yellow;
E. parent roll: with the speed of 1 DEG C/1h, is warming up to 53 DEG C, 38 DEG C of steady temperature of wet bulb temperature, and the stage, surely temperature time 10-20 was little
Time, bake to Nicotiana tabacum L. water content 18 ± 1%, full flue-cured tobacco parent roll;
F. master pulse is absolutely dry: with the speed of 1 DEG C/1h, is warming up to 65-68 DEG C, wet bulb temperature 38 DEG C, until full flue-cured tobacco master pulse is complete
Dry, i.e. obtain showing the finished product Nicotiana tabacum L. of delicate fragrance type characteristic, the finished product Nicotiana tabacum L. background color after baking is based on " white background ", color Fructus Citri Limoniae
Yellow to light orange, gloss intensity is good, and blade face is clean.
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Cited By (5)
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CN108433164A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-08-24 | 南平市烟草公司建阳分公司 | The loose-leaf curing technique of delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf |
CN108450995A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-08-28 | 南平市烟草公司建阳分公司 | Southeast cigarette district loose-leaf curing technique |
CN109363222A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-22 | 廖宜树 | A kind of bulk curing tobacco leaves method |
CN111493351A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-07 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco baking method for improving cinnabar smoke proportion in tobacco leaves at middle and lower parts of tobacco plant |
CN116172226A (en) * | 2023-03-03 | 2023-05-30 | 贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司 | Picking and baking method for characteristic tobacco leaves with positive sweet flavor |
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CN108433164A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-08-24 | 南平市烟草公司建阳分公司 | The loose-leaf curing technique of delicate fragrance type tobacco leaf |
CN108450995A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-08-28 | 南平市烟草公司建阳分公司 | Southeast cigarette district loose-leaf curing technique |
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CN111493351A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-07 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco baking method for improving cinnabar smoke proportion in tobacco leaves at middle and lower parts of tobacco plant |
CN116172226A (en) * | 2023-03-03 | 2023-05-30 | 贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司 | Picking and baking method for characteristic tobacco leaves with positive sweet flavor |
CN116172226B (en) * | 2023-03-03 | 2024-06-11 | 贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司 | Picking and baking method for characteristic tobacco leaves with positive sweet flavor |
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