CN106173357B - Feed composition for improving milk quality and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Feed composition for improving milk quality and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a feed composition for improving milk quality and a preparation method and application thereof. The feed composition comprises the following components: rubber seed oil, linseed oil and dairy cow basal ration. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the feed composition, which comprises the following steps: and (3) uniformly mixing the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil, adding the mixture into the basic ration, and uniformly stirring the mixture to obtain the linseed oil. The feed composition can obviously improve the production performance of the dairy cows under the condition of not influencing the feed intake of the dairy cows, reduce the content of long-chain unsaturated fatty acid which is unfavorable for human bodies, simultaneously improve the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid, Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) in the milk, effectively improve the quality of the milk and further improve the nutritional value and the functionality of the milk.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a feed composition for improving milk quality, in particular to a feed composition for improving the content of short-chain fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids beneficial to human health in milk and reducing the content of long-chain saturated fatty acids such as lauric acid, myristic acid and palmitic acid.
Background
With the improvement of living standard and the enhancement of health consciousness of people, functional health food which is beneficial to health and has high nutritive value is increasingly required. Milk and dairy products can provide energy, high protein, various vitamins and minerals to humans and are currently important nutritional dietary sources for humans. The milk fat is one of the important nutritional ingredients of milk, and the composition of the milk fat and fatty acid is related to the health of people. Research shows that short-chain fatty acids and Unsaturated Fatty Acids (UFA) in fatty acids are beneficial to human health, and if long-chain saturated fatty acids such as lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0) and the like are excessively taken, various diseases such as coronary heart disease, low immunity and the like can be caused.
Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), one of the polyunsaturated fatty acids, is one of the essential fatty acids of the human body, and is only available for ingestion by the human body through the diet. Research shows that ALA has the effects of resisting cancer, reducing the incidence rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, preventing arthritis, hypertension, improving vision and the like. Linoleic acid is one of the many fatty acids that make up fat. Linoleic acid is one of the indispensable fatty acids for human and animals, and is a substance that human and animals cannot synthesize, and must be taken from food. Conjugated linoleic acid (hereinafter, referred to as CLA) is an isomer of linoleic acid, is a series of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid having double bonds at carbon positions 9, 11 or 10, 12, and is a nutrient element commonly existing in human and animal bodies. The CLA has multiple important physiological functions of resisting oxidation, resisting atherosclerosis, improving immunity, improving bone density, preventing and treating diabetes and the like, can reduce cholesterol, glycerol and low-density lipoprotein of animals and human bodies, can also reduce fat of the human bodies, increase muscles and has the effect of losing weight.
Therefore, the method has important significance and necessity for research and development of UFA, ALA and CLA in milk fat, has good market demand and has wide application prospect. By regulating and controlling the composition and feed intake of the fatty acid of the cattle feed, the composition of milk fat fatty acid of milk can be improved, the contents of UFA, ALA and CLA in the milk fat are increased, and the effect of improving the quality of the milk is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a feed composition which can improve the production performance of dairy cows, effectively improve the content of short-chain fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids (UFA, ALA and CLA) which are beneficial to the health of human bodies in milk and reduce the content of long-chain saturated fatty acids (lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0) and palmitic acid (C16:0)) which are harmful to the health of human bodies.
Another object of the invention is to provide a method of using the feed composition
The invention also aims to provide the application of the feed composition in cow breeding.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention discloses a feed composition for improving short-chain fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid in milk and reducing long-chain saturated fatty acid, which comprises the following components: rubber seed oil, linseed oil and dairy cow basal ration.
Wherein the mass ratio of the mixture consisting of the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil to the basic ration of the dairy cow is (2-8) to 100; preferably, the mass ratio of the mixture consisting of the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil to the basic ration of the dairy cow is (2-6): 100; more preferably, the mass ratio of the mixture consisting of the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil to the basic ration of the dairy cow is 4: 100.
The mass ratio of the rubber seed oil to the linseed oil is (1-4): (1-4); preferably 1.5: 2.5.
The basic daily ration of the dairy cow is obtained by mixing coarse feed and concentrated feed in a conventional ratio; preferably, the mass ratio of the fine material to the coarse material is 1: (0.6-1.0); more preferably 58: 42;
the coarse material is a mixture consisting of any one or more of alfalfa hay, Chinese wildrye, corn silage or DDGS according to any proportion;
the concentrated material is a mixture composed of one or more of corn, pressed corn, soybean meal, soybean hull or double-low rapeseed meal according to any proportion.
The invention first performs a screening test on the components of the feed composition. The following components are respectively added on the basis of the basic daily ration of the dairy cow in a mass ratio of 1: (1) oil sunflower seed oil and linseed oil; (2) rubber seed oil and linseed oil; (3) rapeseed oil and linseed oil; (4) safflower seed oil and linseed oil; (5) soybean oil and linseed oil. The production performance of the cow after feeding the cow with the feed compositions of the above 5 groups and the content of each fatty acid in the milk fat were examined. The results show that the feed composition consisting of the rubber seed oil, the linseed oil and the dairy cow basic ration improves the production performance of dairy cows, the contents of CLA and ALA in milk fat fatty acid are obviously increased, and the contents of lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0) and palmitic acid (C16:0) are obviously reduced, which shows that the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil have obvious synergistic effects on increasing the contents of CLA and ALA and reducing the contents of lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0) and palmitic acid (C16:0), so that the rubber seed oil, the linseed oil and the dairy cow basic ration are determined as the components of the feed composition.
On the basis, the invention screens the dosage of the components, compares the influence of adding different dosages of the mixture consisting of the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil on the production performance of the dairy cow and the content of the butter fat fatty acid in the milk on 100 portions of dairy cow basic ration, and determines that the optimal mass ratio of the mixture consisting of the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil to the dairy cow basic ration is 4: 100.
The invention further screens the dosage ratio between the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil, and the result shows that when the mass ratio of the rubber seed oil to the linseed oil is 1.5:2.5, the production performance of the dairy cow is obviously improved, the contents of CLA and ALA in the butter fat fatty acid are obviously increased, and the contents of lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0) and palmitic acid (C16:0) are obviously reduced.
Therefore, the invention finally determines the feed composition with the mass ratio of the rubber seed oil, the linseed oil (the mass ratio of the rubber seed oil to the linseed oil is 1.5:2.5) to the basic ration of the dairy cow of 4: 100.
The invention further discloses a preparation method of the feed composition, which comprises the following steps: and (3) uniformly mixing the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil, adding the mixture into the basic ration, and uniformly stirring the mixture to obtain the linseed oil.
Preferably, the preparation method of the feed composition comprises the following steps: and (3) uniformly mixing the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil, adding the mixture into the concentrate in the basic ration, uniformly stirring, and uniformly mixing with the coarse feed.
The invention further discloses application of the feed composition in improving milk quality; preferably, the milk quality improvement means that short-chain fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids in the milk are increased, and long-chain saturated fatty acids are reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the feed composition can improve the production performance of the dairy cows, reduce the content of long-chain unsaturated fatty acid which is unfavorable for human bodies, improve the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid, Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) in the milk, effectively improve the quality of the milk and further improve the nutritional value and the functionality of the milk under the condition of not influencing the dry matter feed intake.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are exemplary only and are not limiting upon the scope of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
1. Source of raw materials
Rubber seed oil: the content of unsaturated fatty acid and ALA in the rubber seed oil product oil from Yunnan region are 83% and 22% respectively.
Linseed oil: the contents of unsaturated fatty acid and ALA in the linseed oil finished product oil purchased from Shanxi Daqihuajian oil Co., Ltd are 82% and 52%, respectively.
Example 1 preparation of feed composition
Weighing the following components in parts by weight: 1.5kg of rubber seed oil, 2.5kg of linseed oil, 58kg of concentrated material and 42kg of coarse material of basic daily ration; the method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil, adding the mixture into concentrated feed of basic daily ration of dairy cows, uniformly stirring, and uniformly mixing with coarse feed.
Example 2 preparation of feed composition
Weighing the following components in parts by weight: 0.5kg of rubber seed oil, 1.5kg of linseed oil, 62.5kg of concentrated material and 37.5kg of coarse material of basic ration; the method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil, adding the mixture into concentrated feed of basic daily ration of dairy cows, uniformly stirring, and uniformly mixing with coarse feed.
Example 3 preparation of feed composition
Weighing the following components in parts by weight: 2.7kg of rubber seed oil, 2.7kg of linseed oil, 50kg of concentrated material and 40kg of coarse material of basic daily ration; the method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil, adding the mixture into concentrated feed of basic daily ration of dairy cows, uniformly stirring, and uniformly mixing with coarse feed.
Example 4 preparation of feed composition
Weighing the following components in parts by weight: 3kg of rubber seed oil and 1kg of linseed oil, uniformly mixing 58kg of concentrated material and 42kg of coarse material of basic daily ration; the method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil, adding the mixture into concentrated feed of basic daily ration of dairy cows, uniformly stirring, and uniformly mixing with coarse feed.
Experimental example 1 component screening test for feed composition
1. Experimental methods
1.1 daily ration formula
The following mixtures were added separately on a basis of a base ration dry matter basis: (1) oil sunflower seed oil and linseed oil; (2) rubber seed oil and linseed oil; (3) rapeseed oil and linseed oil; (4) safflower seed oil and linseed oil; (5) soybean oil and linseed oil, wherein the ratio of the two components of the feed composition is 1:1, 3kg of the mixture is added into 100kg of the feed composition, the mixture is mixed with concentrate, and then mixed with roughage to form Total Mixed Ration (TMR) for feeding.
1.2 animal selection
18 black and white lotus stein cows with milk yield of 25 +/-5.9 kg/d and lactation days of 163 +/-25 d and good health condition are selected, completely random test design is adopted, the cows are divided into 6 groups, and basic daily ration and the 5 groups of feed compositions are fed respectively, wherein the composition of the basic daily ration is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 daily ration composition
Note: the vitamin mineral premix comprises the following components (per kilogram of dry matter): 313,500IU vitamin A; 104,500IU vitamin D; 5,000IU vitamin E; 780mg of Cu; 780mg Fe; 780mg Mn; 3,900mg Zn; 30mg of Se; 50mg of I; 65mg of Co.
1.3 feeding mode and management
Test cattle are fed independently, and sufficient and clean drinking water and free drinking water are provided in the house. The feed is fed three times in the morning, at noon and evening in a day by adopting a free feeding mode. Milking was carried out three times per day at 5:00, 13:00, 20:00 using the Ashigy milking system.
2. Test results
2.1 Effect of different feed compositions on the Productivity of Dairy cows
Different feed compositions produced significant changes in the production performance of the cows as shown in table 2. From the table, it can be seen that the food consumption of each of the test groups 1 to 5 was not adversely affected and the difference was not significant as compared with the basal diet group (Control). The milk fat rate was significantly reduced, but the difference between the milk fat production groups was not significant. There were no significant differences between the groups of milk protein rate, milk protein yield, lactose rate, non-ester solids, and somatic cell count. The milk yield and the lactose yield are obviously improved, wherein the milk yield of the test groups 1-5 is respectively increased by 7.54%, 17.17%, 7.98%, 8.10% and 8.34% compared with the milk yield of the Control group. The lactose yields of test groups 1-5 were increased by 2.75%, 18.35%, 6.42%, 4.59% and 4.59%, respectively, compared to the Control group.
TABLE 2 Effect of different feed compositions on the production Performance of Dairy cows
Note: 4% corrected milk-0.4 × milk yield (kg) +15 × milk fat yield (kg); energy corrected milk yield ═ 0.327 x milk yield (kg/d)) + (12.95 x milk fat yield (kg/d)) + (7.2 x milk protein yield (kg/d));
2.2 Effect of different Components on milk fat fatty acid composition of Dairy cows
Different feed compositions resulted in significant changes in milk fat fatty acid composition in cows as shown in table 3. As can be seen from the table, the content of Saturated Fatty Acids (SFA) was significantly reduced in the test groups 1 to 5 compared to the Control group by 7.66%, 21.13%, 11.10%, 8.48% and 11.89%, respectively. Wherein, the content of the long-chain saturated fatty acid lauric acid (C12:0) is respectively reduced by 23.96%, 52.08%, 26.30%, 27.34% and 22.66%; the contents of myristic acid (C14:0) are respectively reduced by 13.06%, 35.02%, 17.05%, 13.98% and 9.98%; (ii) a The palmitic acid (C16:0) content was reduced by 11.19%, 26.66%, 12.73%, 11.38% and 13.52%, respectively.
The content of Unsaturated Fatty Acid (UFA), monounsaturated fat (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in milk fat is increased remarkably. Wherein, the UFA content test groups 1-5 are respectively increased by 28.63%, 56.91%, 32.18%, 26.47% and 28.81%; the MUFA content is respectively increased by 29.58%, 55.92%, 33.07%, 26.97% and 29.50%; the PUFA content was increased by 21.68%, 64.16%, 25.72%, 22.83% and 23.70%, respectively. The content of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) in the milk is obviously higher than that of the basic ration group, wherein compared with the Control group, the CLA content of the test groups 1-5 is respectively increased by 220.37%, 312.96%, 250.00%, 231.48% and 203.70%; ALA content was increased by 17.14%, 57.14%, 20.00% and 22.86%, respectively.
TABLE 3 Effect of different feed compositions on milk fat fatty acid composition
From the above results, it can be seen that test group 2 is higher in both milk yield and lactose yield than Control and test groups 1, 3, 4, 5; the ratio of lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0) and palmitic acid (C16:0) was lower than that of Control group and test groups 1, 3, 4 and 5, and the ratio of UFA, MUFA, PUFA, CLA and ALA was higher than that of Control group and test groups 1, 3, 4 and 5, so that the feed composition when rubber seed oil, linseed oil and basic ration are combined is superior to other combinations.
Experimental example 2 addition amount screening test of mixture consisting of rubber seed oil and linseed oil
1. Experimental methods
1.1 daily ration formula
The feed composition which comprises a mixture of rubber seed oil and linseed oil (the mass ratio of the rubber seed oil to the linseed oil is 1:1) and dairy cow basic ration (the mass ratio of the rubber seed oil to the linseed oil to the dairy cow basic ration is 2:100 (test group 1), 3:100 (test group 2), 4:100 (test group 3), 5:100 (test group 4) and 6:100 (test group 5) is prepared, oil is mixed with a concentrate, and then the concentrate is mixed with a coarse feed to form TMR for feeding.
1.2 animal selection
Selecting 18 black and white lotus stein cows with milk yield of 25 +/-5.9 kg/d and lactation days of 163 +/-25 d and good health condition, adopting complete random test design, dividing into 6 groups, and feeding the feed composition and the basic ration of the test groups 1-5 respectively.
1.3 feeding mode and management
Test cattle are fed independently, and sufficient and clean drinking water and free drinking water are provided in the house. The feed is fed three times in the morning, at noon and evening in a day by adopting a free feeding mode. Milking was carried out three times per day at 5:00, 13:00, 20:00 using the Ashigy milking system.
2. Test results
2.1 Effect of different Components on the Productivity of Dairy cows
Different feed compositions produced significant changes in the production performance of the cows as shown in table 4. From the table, it can be seen that the food consumption of each of the test groups 1 to 5 was not adversely affected and the difference was not significant as compared with the basal diet group (Control). The milk fat rate was significantly reduced, but the difference between the milk fat production groups was not significant. There were no significant differences between the groups of milk protein rate, milk protein yield, lactose rate, non-ester solids, and somatic cell count. The milk yield and the lactose yield are obviously improved, wherein the milk yield of the test groups 1-5 is respectively increased by 11.25%, 12.26%, 23.15%, 12.26% and 11.57% compared with the milk yield of the Control group. The lactose yields of test groups 1-5 were increased by 15.74%, 14.81%, 27.78%, 14.81% and 12.04% respectively, compared to the Control group.
TABLE 4 Effect of different feed compositions on Dairy cow production Performance
Note: 4% corrected milk-0.4 × milk yield (kg) +15 × milk fat yield (kg); energy corrected milk yield ═ 0.327 x milk yield (kg/d)) + (12.95 x milk fat yield (kg/d)) + (7.2 x milk protein yield (kg/d));
2.2 Effect of different Components on milk fat fatty acid composition of Dairy cows
Different feed compositions resulted in significant changes in milk fat fatty acid composition as shown in table 5. As can be seen from the table, the test groups 1 to 5 showed significant reductions in Saturated Fatty Acid (SFA) content, which were 21.01%, 21.04%, 24.06%, 20.53% and 20.88%, respectively, as compared with the Control group. Wherein the content of long chain saturated fatty acid lauric acid (C12:0) is respectively reduced by 46.19%, 51.18%, 62.20%, 48.29% and 40.16%; (ii) a The content of myristic acid (C14:0) is reduced by 33.31%, 35.14%, 45.80%, 33.89% and 32.39%, respectively; the palmitic acid (C16:0) content was reduced by 24.17%, 25.47%, 32.21%, 23.62% and 22.07%, respectively.
The content of Unsaturated Fatty Acid (UFA), monounsaturated fat (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in milk fat is obviously increased. Wherein UFA content test groups 1-5 are respectively increased by 54.51%, 57.13%, 69.57%, 61.07% and 60.26%; the MUFA content is increased by 55.61%, 56.36%, 69.28%, 61.95% and 61.32% respectively; the PUFA content was increased by 46.53%, 62.72%, 71.68%, 54.62% and 52.60%, respectively. The content of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) in the milk is obviously higher than that of the basic ration group, wherein compared with the Control group, the CLA content of the test groups 1-5 is respectively increased by 285.45%, 310.91%, 387.27%, 298.18% and 289.09%; ALA content was increased by 52.94%, 61.76%, 97.06%, 58.82% and 58.82%, respectively.
TABLE 5 Effect of different feed compositions on milk fat fatty acid composition
From the above results, it can be seen that test group 3 is higher in both milk yield and lactose yield than Control and test groups 1, 2, 4, 5; lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0) and palmitic acid (C16:0) are all lower than those of Control group and test groups 1, 2, 4 and 5, and UFA, MUFA, PUFA, CLA and ALA are all higher than those of Control group and test groups 1, 2, 4 and 5, so that the feed composition with the mass ratio of the mixture of rubber seed oil and linseed oil to the basic ration of the dairy cow being 4:100 enables the production performance of the dairy cow and the effect of improving the content of fatty acid to be the best.
Experimental example 3 addition amount screening test of rubber seed oil and linseed oil
1. Experimental methods
1.1 daily ration formula
The feed composition which is prepared by mixing a mixture of rubber seed oil and linseed oil with the basic ration of the dairy cow in a mass ratio of 4:100 is prepared, and the oil is mixed with a concentrate and then mixed with a roughage to form TMR for feeding. The mass ratio of the rubber seed oil to the linseed oil in the composition is 0:4, 1:3, 1.5:2.5, 2:2, 2.5:1.5, 3:1, 4:0 respectively, as shown in table 4.
1.2 animal selection
24 black and white lotus stein cows with milk yield of 25 +/-5.9 kg/d and lactation days of 163 +/-25 d and good health condition are selected, completely random test design is adopted, the groups are divided into 8 groups, and the daily ration of the basic daily ration group in the table and the daily ration added with the feed composition of the test groups 1-7 are respectively fed.
1.3 feeding mode and management
Test cattle are fed independently, and sufficient and clean drinking water and free drinking water are provided in the house. The feed is fed three times in the morning, at noon and evening in a day by adopting a free feeding mode. Milking was carried out three times per day at 5:00, 13:00, 20:00 using the Ashigy milking system.
TABLE 6 rubber seed oil and linseed oil ratios for different feed compositions
2. Test results
2.1 Effect of different Components on the Productivity of Dairy cows
The production performance of the cows varied significantly with different feed compositions as shown in table 7. From the table, it can be seen that the dry matter intake of each of the test groups 1-7 did not have an adverse effect and did not differ significantly from the basal diet group (Control). The milk fat rate was significantly reduced, but the difference between the milk fat production groups was not significant. There were no significant differences between the groups of milk protein rate, milk protein yield, lactose rate, non-ester solids, and somatic cell count. The milk yield and the lactose yield are obviously improved, wherein the milk yield of the test groups 1 to 7 is respectively increased by 16.00 percent, 20.03 percent, 31.36 percent, 17.29 percent, 17.37 percent, 19.27 percent and 16.32 percent compared with the milk yield of the Control group. The lactose yields of test groups 1-7 increased 14.68%, 22.94%, 36.70%, 23.85%, 18.35%, 17.43% and 16.51% respectively over the Control group.
TABLE 7 Effect of different feed compositions on Dairy cow Productivity
Note: 4% corrected milk-0.4 × milk yield (kg) +15 × milk fat yield (kg); energy corrected milk yield ═ 0.327 x milk yield (kg/d)) + (12.95 x milk fat yield (kg/d)) + (7.2 x milk protein yield (kg/d)).
2.2 Effect of different Components on milk fat fatty acid composition of Dairy cows
Different feed compositions resulted in significant changes in milk fat fatty acid composition in milk as shown in table 8. As can be seen from the table, the Saturated Fatty Acid (SFA) content was very significantly reduced in the test groups 1 to 7 compared to the Control group, by 23.92%, 22.84%, 29.47%, 24.01%, 22.74%, 22.60% and 22.74%, respectively. Wherein the content of long chain saturated fatty acid lauric acid (C12:0) is reduced by 51.71%, 56.69%, 70.87%, 61.94%, 53.28%, 51.44% and 50.39%, respectively; the content of myristic acid (C14:0) is reduced by 41.98%, 42.14%, 49.79%, 45.64%, 41.90%, 41.48% and 40.90%, respectively; palmitic acid (C16:0) content was reduced by 26.22%, 28.83%, 38.59%, 32.14%, 25.17%, 22.60% and 21.65%, respectively.
The content of Unsaturated Fatty Acid (UFA), monounsaturated fat (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in milk fat is obviously increased. Wherein UFA content test groups 1-7 are respectively increased by 64.58%, 65.25%, 89.25%, 69.75%, 65.70%, 66.26% and 65.56%; the MUFA content is respectively increased by 64.26%, 65.33%, 90.09%, 69.73%, 65.33%, 65.77% and 64.97%; PUFA content was increased by 66.96%, 64.64%, 86.09%, 69.86%, 68.41%, 69.86% and 69.86%, respectively. The content of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) in the milk is obviously higher than that of the basic ration group, wherein compared with the Control group, the CLA content of the test groups 1-7 is respectively increased by 277.19%, 317.54%, 470.09%, 361.40%, 342.11%, 352.63% and 328.07%; ALA content was increased by 75.76%, 84.85%, 163.63%, 93.94%, 84.85%, 75.76% and 75.76%, respectively.
TABLE 8 Effect of different feed compositions on milk fat fatty acid composition
From the above results, it can be seen that test group 3 is higher in both milk yield and lactose yield than Control and test groups 1, 2, 4,5, 6, 7; the ratio of lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0) and palmitic acid (C16:0) is lower than that of Control group and test groups 1, 2, 4,5, 6 and 7, and the ratio of UFA, MUFA, PUFA, CLA and ALA is higher than that of Control group and test groups 1, 2, 4,5, 6 and 7, so that the production performance of the dairy cow can be remarkably increased and the composition of the milk fat fatty acid can be effectively improved when the mass ratio of the rubber seed oil to the linseed oil in the feed composition is 1.5: 2.5.
In conclusion, the feed composition with the mass ratio of the mixture of the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil (the mass ratio of the rubber seed oil to the linseed oil is 1.5:2.5) to the basic ration of the dairy cow of 4:100 can effectively improve the fatty acid composition of the milk fat. The method mainly increases the production performance of the dairy cows by increasing the potential healthy fatty acids in the daily ration without influencing the feed intake of dry matters and providing high net lactation energy of the dairy cows.
By using the feed composition provided by the invention for lactating cows, the production performance of the cows can be effectively improved, the content of long-chain unsaturated fatty acid which is unfavorable for human bodies is reduced, and meanwhile, the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid, Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) in milk is improved. In production, the method can not only improve the production performance of the milk cow, but also increase CLA and ALA in the milk, which have the effects of resisting cancer, oxidation and arteriosclerosis, improving immunity and the like, effectively improve the quality of the milk and further improve the nutritive value and the functionality of the milk.
Claims (6)
1. A feed composition for increasing short-chain fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids in milk and reducing long-chain saturated fatty acids is characterized by comprising the following components: rubber seed oil, linseed oil and dairy cow basal ration; wherein the mass ratio of the mixture consisting of the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil to the basic ration of the dairy cow is 4: 100; the mass ratio of the rubber seed oil to the linseed oil is 1.5: 2.5.
2. The feed composition of claim 1, wherein: the basic daily ration of the dairy cow consists of coarse fodder and fine fodder; the mass ratio of the fine material to the coarse material is 1: (0.6-1.0).
3. A method of preparing the feed composition of claim 1, comprising the steps of: and (3) uniformly mixing the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil, adding the mixture into the basic ration, and uniformly stirring the mixture to obtain the linseed oil.
4. A method of preparing the feed composition of claim 2, comprising the steps of: and (3) uniformly mixing the rubber seed oil and the linseed oil, adding the mixture into concentrated feed in the basic ration of the dairy cow, uniformly stirring, and uniformly mixing with coarse feed.
5. Use of the feed composition of claim 1 for improving milk quality.
6. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that: the milk quality improvement method is characterized by improving short-chain fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid in milk and reducing long-chain saturated fatty acid.
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| CN114532449A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-05-27 | 内蒙古伊利实业集团股份有限公司 | Feed for increasing conjugated linoleic acid content in milk, feeding method and feed additive |
| CN114568592A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-03 | 内蒙古伊利实业集团股份有限公司 | Nutritional functional bag for improving content of unsaturated fatty acid components and application and feed thereof |
| CN114794318A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-07-29 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Feed for improving content of polyunsaturated fatty acid in animal milk and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1444453A (en) * | 2000-06-01 | 2003-09-24 | 联合饲料公司 | Animal food and method |
| CN103609915A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-05 | 吉林农业大学 | Cow feed for increasing healthcare fatty acid and reducing stearic acid in milk and feeding method |
| CN104486953A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2015-04-01 | 联邦科学和工业研究组织 | Feed product and/or feed ingredient |
| CN105309757A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-02-10 | 呼和浩特职业学院 | Feed for dairy cow |
| CN104872395B (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2018-06-19 | 西双版纳华坤生物科技有限责任公司 | A kind of milk and its production method rich in omega-fatty acid and conjugated linoleic acid |
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| CN1444453A (en) * | 2000-06-01 | 2003-09-24 | 联合饲料公司 | Animal food and method |
| CN104486953A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2015-04-01 | 联邦科学和工业研究组织 | Feed product and/or feed ingredient |
| CN103609915A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-05 | 吉林农业大学 | Cow feed for increasing healthcare fatty acid and reducing stearic acid in milk and feeding method |
| CN105309757A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-02-10 | 呼和浩特职业学院 | Feed for dairy cow |
| CN104872395B (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2018-06-19 | 西双版纳华坤生物科技有限责任公司 | A kind of milk and its production method rich in omega-fatty acid and conjugated linoleic acid |
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