CN106170205B - 包含农药、脂肪酰胺和乳酰胺的可乳化浓缩物 - Google Patents
包含农药、脂肪酰胺和乳酰胺的可乳化浓缩物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106170205B CN106170205B CN201580019515.9A CN201580019515A CN106170205B CN 106170205 B CN106170205 B CN 106170205B CN 201580019515 A CN201580019515 A CN 201580019515A CN 106170205 B CN106170205 B CN 106170205B
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- phenyl
- chlorophenoxy
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- compound
- triazol
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- DHTJFQWHCVTNRY-OEMAIJDKSA-N pyrisoxazole Chemical compound C1([C@@]2(C)CC(ON2C)C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=CC=CN=C1 DHTJFQWHCVTNRY-OEMAIJDKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003195 sodium channel blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NZYOAGBNMCVQIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;chloro-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylazanide;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Na+].CC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)[N-]Cl)C=C1 NZYOAGBNMCVQIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
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- IUQAXCIUEPFPSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tembotrione Chemical compound ClC1=C(COCC(F)(F)F)C(S(=O)(=O)C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1C(=O)CCCC1=O IUQAXCIUEPFPSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LITQZINTSYBKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-F tetracopper;hexahydroxide;sulfate Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LITQZINTSYBKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-F 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003556 thioamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBZIQQJJIKNWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolclofos-methyl Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)OC1=C(Cl)C=C(C)C=C1Cl OBZIQQJJIKNWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSOBJVBYZCMJOS-CYBMUJFWSA-N tolprocarb Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COC(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)CNC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 RSOBJVBYZCMJOS-CYBMUJFWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYVWIQDYBVKITD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolylfluanid Chemical compound CN(C)S(=O)(=O)N(SC(F)(Cl)Cl)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 HYVWIQDYBVKITD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 description 1
- JOFWLTCLBGQGBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazolam Chemical compound C12=CC(Cl)=CC=C2N2C(C)=NN=C2CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1Cl JOFWLTCLBGQGBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003386 triazolam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MCVUKOYZUCWLQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecylbenzene Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 MCVUKOYZUCWLQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAIPTRIXGHTTNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflumuron Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(F)(F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl XAIPTRIXGHTTNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBXWFLISHPUINY-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyltin Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[Sn](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 SBXWFLISHPUINY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003744 tubulin modulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DBXFMOWZRXXBRN-LWKPJOBUSA-N valifenalate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC(=O)OC)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 DBXFMOWZRXXBRN-LWKPJOBUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
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- DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L ziram Chemical compound [Zn+2].CN(C)C([S-])=S.CN(C)C([S-])=S DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明的主题是一种包含水不溶性农药、如本文所定义的式(I)的酰胺和如本文所定义的式(II)的乳酰胺的可乳化浓缩物。本发明进一步涉及一种制备所述浓缩物的方法;一种可以通过混合水、水不溶性农药、式(I)的酰胺和式(II)的乳酰胺而得到的乳液;以及一种防治植物病原性真菌和/或不希望的植物生长和/或不希望的昆虫或螨虫侵袭和/或调节植物生长的方法,其中使该浓缩物或该乳液作用于相应有害物、其环境或待防止相应有害物的农作物、土壤和/或不希望的植物和/或农作物和/或其环境。
Description
本发明的主题是一种可乳化浓缩物,其包含水不溶性农药、如本文所定义的式(I)的酰胺和如本文所定义的式(II)的乳酰胺。本发明进一步涉及一种制备所述浓缩物的方法;一种可以通过混合水、水不溶性农药、该式(I)的酰胺和该式(II)的乳酰胺而得到的乳液;以及一种防治植物病原性真菌和/或不希望的植物生长和/或不希望的昆虫或螨虫侵袭和/或调节植物生长的方法,其中使该浓缩物或该乳液作用于相应有害物、其环境或待防止相应有害物的农作物、土壤和/或不希望的植物和/或农作物和/或其环境。本发明包括优选特征与其他优选特征的组合。
可乳化浓缩物(也称为EC)在作物保护中是广泛使用的配制剂。已知可乳化浓缩物的缺点是不良的冷稳定性、显著的结晶倾向和低农药浓度。
本发明的目的是要提供一种克服了这些缺点的可乳化浓缩物。
该目的由一种包含水不溶性农药、式(I)的酰胺和式(II)的乳酰胺的可乳化浓缩物实现:
R1-C(O)N(R2)2 (I)
其中R1为C5-C19烷基且R2为甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基或其混合物;
H3C-CH(OH)-C(O)N(R3)2 (II)
其中R3为甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基或其混合物。
可乳化浓缩物通常是指在与水混合(例如重量比为1份浓缩物对99份水)时形成水包油乳液的组合物。该乳液通常自发形成。所得乳液可以具有大于0.1μm,优选大于0.5μm,尤其大于0.8μm,最优选大于1.1μm的平均液滴尺寸。平均液滴尺寸可以通过激光衍射例如用Malvern Mastersizer2000测定。
该浓缩物优选作为均匀溶液存在。它通常基本不含分散颗粒。
优选的式(I)的酰胺为其中R1为C7-C13烷基(优选线性)且R2为甲基的那些。尤其优选的式(I)的酰胺为其中R1为C7-C11烷基且R2为甲基的那些。特别地,R1为正壬基且R2为甲基。
根据另一优选实施方案,式(I)的酰胺为其中R1为C8-C14烷基,尤其是线性C8-C14烷基的那些。尤其优选的式(I)的酰胺为其中R1为C7-C11烷基,尤其是线性C7-C11烷基的那些。更特别地,R1为正壬基。此外,优选如果R2为甲基。
式(I)的酰胺的混合物也是可能的,例如其中R1为C7-C11烷基且R2为甲基的混合物。在大多数情况下,式(I)的酰胺的混合物包含两种式(I)的酰胺,在每种情况下量基于式(I)的酰胺的总量为至少30重量%(优选至少40重量%)。
浓缩物可包含至多75重量%,优选不超过65重量%,尤其是不超过50重量%式(I)的酰胺。浓缩物可包含至少5重量%,优选至少10重量%,尤其是至少20重量%式(I)的酰胺。
可能合适的是浓缩物包含5-75重量%,尤其是10-75重量%,更特别是15-75重量%式(I)的酰胺。
在另一实施方案中,浓缩物包含5-65重量%,尤其是10-65重量%,更特别是15-65重量%式(I)的酰胺。
优选的式(II)的乳酰胺为其中R3为甲基的那些。在R3为丙基或丁基的情况下,这些烷基可为线性或支化的(例如异丙基或叔丁基)。
浓缩物可包含至多50重量%,优选至多35重量%,尤其是至多20重量%式(II)的乳酰胺。根据另一实施方案,可能有利的是浓缩物包含至多20重量%式(I)的乳酰胺。浓缩物可包含至少0.3重量%,优选至少1重量%,尤其是至少3重量%式(II)的乳酰胺。
可能合适的是浓缩物包含0.3-50重量%,尤其是1-50重量%,更特别是3-50重量%式(II)的乳酰胺。
在另一实施方案中,浓缩物包含0.3-30重量%,尤其是1-30重量%,更特别是3-30重量%式(II)的乳酰胺。
在再一实施方案中,浓缩物包含0.3-20重量%,尤其是1-20重量%,更特别是3-20重量%式(II)的乳酰胺。
式(I)的酰胺与式(II)的乳酰胺的重量比可为1:1-20:1,优选2:1-15:1,更优选3:1-13:1,尤其是5:1-11:1。在一个优选形式中,式(I)的酰胺与式(II)的乳酰胺的重量比可为1:3-20:1,优选1:2-15:1,更优选1:1-13:1,尤其是2:1-11:1。
除了式(I)的酰胺和式(II)的乳酰胺之外,浓缩物可进一步包含烃。合适的烃溶剂为脂族(例如线性或环状)或芳族烃。优选的烃溶剂为芳族烃。除了至少一种芳族烃单元以外,芳族烃可还包含脂族烃取代基。在大多数情况下,烃溶剂在20℃下具有不超过5重量%,优选不超过1重量%,尤其是不超过0.3重量%的水溶性。在大多数情况下,烃溶剂在1013毫巴下具有至少100℃,优选至少150℃,尤其是至少180℃的沸点。烃溶剂通常仅包含碳和氢原子。烃溶剂优选为C6-C20烃,尤其是C8-C16烃。
合适的芳族烃尤其是所有烷基取代的芳族化合物,例如甲苯、二甲苯类、乙基苯和具有长链烷基的苯,例如C9-C10二烷基和三烷基苯(例如获自Exxon Mobile Europe的100或获自Exxon Mobile USA的Aromatic 100)、C10-C11烷基苯(例如获自Exxon Mobile Europe的150或获自Exxon Mobile USA的Aromatic 150)和烷基萘(例如获自Exxon Mobile Europe的200或获自Exxon Mobile USA的Aromatic 200)。还合适的是上述芳族化合物的混合物。优选地,芳族烃包含基于芳族溶剂的总重量不超过5重量%,更优选不超过2重量%,尤其是不超过1重量%萘。具有不超过1重量%的萘含量的该类溶剂可市购,例如以名称ND(贫萘)获自Exxon Mobile Europe,例如获自Exxon Mobile Europe的150ND和200ND。不超过0.1重量%的甚至更低的萘含量存在于获自Exxon Mobile USA的产品Aromatic 150ULN和Aromatic200ULN中。
浓缩物可包含至多50重量%,优选至多35重量%,尤其是至多25重量%烃。浓缩物可包含至少1重量%,优选至少3重量%,尤其是至少7重量%烃。
在一个优选形式中,浓缩物可包含至多65重量%,优选至多45重量%,尤其是至多35重量%烃。根据另一实施方案,可能有利的是浓缩物包含至多40重量%烃。在一个优选形式中,浓缩物可包含至少0.5重量%,优选至少2重量%,尤其是至少5重量%烃。
可能合适的是浓缩物包含0.5-65重量%,优选2-65重量%,更特别是5-65重量%的烃。
在另一实施方案中,浓缩物包含0.5-45重量%,优选2-45重量%,更特别是5-45重量%的烃。
在再一实施方案中,浓缩物包含0.5-40重量%,优选2-40重量%,更特别是5-40重量%的烃。
浓缩物可包含10-70重量%式(I)的酰胺(例如其中R1为C7-C13且R2为甲基)、0.3-35重量%式(I)的乳酰胺(例如其中R3为甲基)和任选地1-50重量%烃,其中这些组分的量加起来为总共10.3-95重量%。
在另一形式中,浓缩物可包含15-65重量%式(I)的酰胺、1-30重量%式(II)的乳酰胺和任选地5-40重量%烃,其中这些组分的量加起来为总共16-90重量%。
优选地,浓缩物可包含20-60重量%式(I)的酰胺(例如其中R1为C7-C13且R2为甲基)、1-25重量%式(I)的乳酰胺(例如其中R3为甲基)和任选地3-35重量%烃,其中这些组分的量加起来为总共21-75重量%。
特别地,浓缩物可包含25-50重量%式(I)的酰胺(例如其中R1为C7-C13烷基且R2为甲基)、3-15重量%式(I)的乳酰胺(例如其中R3为甲基)和任选地7-25重量%烃,其中这些组分的量加起来为总共28-70重量%。
在大多数情况下,浓缩物不含水。在另一形式中,浓缩物基本或几乎不含水。它可包含不超过3重量%,优选不超过1重量%水。
在一个特殊实施方案中,浓缩物可包含不超过0.5重量%水。在一个特殊形式中,浓缩物可包含不超过0.3重量%,尤其是不超过0.1重量%水。
除了式(I)的酰胺、式(II)的乳酰胺和烃以外,浓缩物可包含其他溶剂(例如下列有机溶剂)。该浓缩物可包含不超过30重量%,优选不超过10重量%。在一个特定实施方案中,其包含不超过1重量%其他溶剂。
在一个特定实施方案中,在本文所述的本发明浓缩物的任一个实施方案中,农药以溶解形式存在,浓缩物基本不含水且浓缩物以均匀溶液存在。
术语农药是指至少一种选自杀真菌剂、杀虫剂、杀线虫剂、除草剂、安全剂、生物农药和/或生长调节剂的活性物质。优选的农药是杀真菌剂、杀虫剂、除草剂和生长调节剂。尤其优选的农药是杀真菌剂。还可以使用两种或更多种上述类别的农药的混合物。熟练技术人员熟知该类农药,它们例如可以在the Pesticide Manual,第16版(2013),The BritishCrop Protection Council,London中找到。下列类别A)-K)涉及杀真菌剂:
A)呼吸抑制剂
-配合物III在Qo位点的抑制剂(例如嗜球果伞素类):腈嘧菌酯(azoxystrobin)、甲香菌酯(couoxystrobin)、丁香菌酯(coumoxystrobin)、醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin)、烯肟菌酯(enestroburin)、烯肟菌胺(fenaminstrobin)、fenoxystrobin/氟菌螨酯(flufenoxystrobin)、氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin)、亚胺菌(kresoxim-methyl)、叉氨苯酰胺(metominostrobin)、肟醚菌胺(orysastrobin)、啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin)、唑菌胺酯(pyraclostrobin)、唑胺菌酯(pyrametostrobin)、唑菌酯(pyraoxystrobin)、肟菌酯(trifloxystrobin)、2-[2-(2,5-二甲基苯氧基甲基)苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸甲酯和2-(2-(3-(2,6-二氯苯基)-1-甲基亚烯丙基氨基氧甲基)苯基)-2-甲氧亚氨基-N-甲基乙酰胺、pyribencarb、triclopyricarb/chlorodincarb、唑酮菌(famoxadone)、咪唑菌酮(fenamidone)、N-[2-[(1,4-二甲基-5-苯基-吡唑-3-基)氧基甲基]苯基]-N-甲氧基-氨基甲酸甲基酯、1-[3-氯-2-[[1-(4-氯苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-基]氧基甲基]苯基]-4-甲基-四唑-5-酮、1-[3-溴-2-[[1-(4-氯苯基)吡唑-3-基]氧基甲基]苯基]-4-甲基-四唑-5-酮、1-[2-[[1-(4-氯苯基)吡唑-3-基]氧基甲基]-3-甲基-苯基]-4-甲基-四唑-5-酮、1-[2-[[1-(4-氯苯基)吡唑-3-基]氧基甲基]-3-氟-苯基]-4-甲基-四唑-5-酮、1-[2-[[1-(2,4-二氯苯基)吡唑-3-基]氧基甲基]-3-氟-苯基]-4-甲基-四唑-5-酮、1-[2-[[4-(4-氯苯基)噻唑-2-基]氧基甲基]-3-甲基-苯基]-4-甲基-四唑-5-酮、1-[3-氯-2-[[4-(p-甲苯基)噻唑-2-基]氧基甲基]苯基]-4-甲基-四唑-5-酮、1-[3-环丙基-2-[[2-甲基-4-(1-甲基吡唑-3-基)苯氧基]甲基]苯基]-4-甲基-四唑-5-酮、1-[3-(二氟甲氧基)-2-[[2-甲基-4-(1-甲基吡唑-3-基)苯氧基]甲基]苯基]-4-甲基-四唑-5-酮、1-甲基-4-[3-甲基-2-[[2-甲基-4-(1-甲基吡唑-3-基)苯氧基]甲基]苯基]四唑-5-酮、1-甲基-4-[3-甲基-2-[[1-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]-亚乙基氨基]氧基甲基]苯基]四唑-5-酮、(Z,2E)-5-[1-(2,4-二氯苯基)吡唑-3-基]-氧基-2-甲氧基亚氨基-N,3-二甲基-戊-3-烯酰胺、(Z,2E)-5-[1-(4-氯苯基)吡唑-3-基]氧基-2-甲氧基亚氨基-N,3-二甲基-戊-3-烯酰胺、(Z,2E)-5-[1-(4-氯-2-氟-苯基)吡唑-3-基]氧基-2-甲氧基亚氨基-N,3-二甲基-戊-3-烯酰胺;
-配合物III在Qi位点的抑制剂:氰霜唑(cyazofamid)、amisulbrom、2-甲基丙酸[(3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-苄基-3-[(3-乙酰氧基-4-甲氧基吡啶-2-羰基)氨基]-6-甲基-4,9-二氧代-1,5-二氧壬-7-基]酯、2-甲基丙酸[(3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-苄基-3-[[3-乙酰氧基甲氧基-4-甲氧基吡啶-2-羰基]氨基]-6-甲基-4,9-二氧代-1,5-二氧壬-7-基]酯、2-甲基丙酸[(3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-苄基-3-[(3-异丁氧基羰氧基-4-甲氧基吡啶-2-羰基)氨基]-6-甲基-4,9-二氧代-1,5-二氧壬-7-基]酯、2-甲基丙酸[(3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-苄基-3-[[3-(1,3-苯并间二氧杂环戊烯-5-基甲氧基)-4-甲氧基吡啶-2-羰基]氨基]-6-甲基-4,9-二氧代-1,5-二氧壬-7-基]酯、2-甲基丙酸(3S,6S,7R,8R)-3-[[(3-羟基-4-甲氧基-2-吡啶基)羰基]氨基]-6-甲基-4,9-二氧代-8-(苯基甲基)-1,5-二氧壬-7-基酯,2-甲基丙酸3S,6S,7R,8R)-3-[[(3-羟基-4-甲氧基-2-吡啶基)羰基]氨基]-6-甲基-4,9-二氧代-8-(苯基甲基)-1,5-二氧壬-7-基酯、(3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-苄基-3-[3-[(异丁酰氧基)甲氧基]-4-甲氧基吡啶酰胺基]-6-甲基-4,9-二氧代-1,5-二氧壬-7-基异丁酸酯;
-配合物II抑制剂(例如羧酰胺类):麦锈灵(benodanil)、benzovindiflupyr、bixafen、啶酰菌胺(boscalid)、萎锈灵(carboxin)、呋菌胺(fenfuram)、氟吡菌酰胺(fluopyram)、氟酰胺(flutolanil)、氟唑菌酰胺(fluxapyroxad)、呋吡唑灵(furametpyr)、isofetamid、isopyrazam、丙氧灭绣胺(mepronil)、氧化萎锈灵(oxycarboxin)、penflufen、吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)、sedaxane、叶枯酞(tecloftalam)、溴氟唑菌(thifluzamide)、N-(4'-三氟甲硫基联苯-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(2-(1,3,3-三甲基丁基)苯基)-1,3-二甲基-5-氟-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-三氟甲基-1-甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、1,3-二甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-三氟甲基-1,5-二甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、1,3,5-三甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺,N-(7-氟-1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)-1,3-二甲基-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-甲氧基-1-甲基-乙基]-3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-吡唑-4-甲酰胺;
-其他呼吸抑制剂(例如配合物I,去偶剂):二氟林(diflumetorim)、(5,8-二氟喹唑啉-4-基)-{2-[2-氟-4-(4-三氟甲基吡啶-2-基氧基)苯基]乙基}胺;硝基苯基衍生物:乐杀螨(binapacryl)、敌螨通(dinobuton)、敌螨普(dinocap)、氟啶胺(fluazinam);嘧菌腙(ferimzone);有机金属化合物:三苯锡基盐,例如薯瘟锡(fentin-acetate)、三苯锡氯(fentin chloride)或毒菌锡(fentin hydroxide);ametoctradin和硅噻菌胺(silthiofam);
B)甾醇生物合成抑制剂(SBI杀真菌剂)
-C14脱甲基酶抑制剂(DMI杀真菌剂):三唑类:戊环唑(azaconazole)、双苯三唑醇(bitertanol)、糠菌唑(bromuconazole)、环唑醇(cyproconazole)、醚唑(difenoconazole)、烯唑醇(diniconazole)、精烯唑醇(diniconazole-M)、氧唑菌(epoxiconazole)、腈苯唑(fenbuconazole)、喹唑菌酮(fluquinconazole)、氟硅唑(flusilazole)、粉唑醇(flutriafol)、己唑醇(hexaconazole)、酰胺唑(imibenconazole)、环戊唑醇(ipconazole)、环戊唑菌(metconazole)、腈菌唑(myclobutanil)、oxpoconazole、多效唑(paclobutrazole)、戊菌唑(penconazole)、丙环唑(propiconazole)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、硅氟唑(simeconazole)、戊唑醇(tebuconazole)、氟醚唑(tetraconazole)、三唑酮(triadimefon)、唑菌醇(triadimenol)、戊叉唑菌(triticonazole)、烯效唑(uniconazole)、1-[rel-(2S;3R)-3-(2-氯苯基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)环氧乙烷基甲基]-5-氰硫基-1H-[1,2,4]三唑、2-[rel-(2S;3R)-3-(2-氯苯基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)环氧乙烷基甲基]-2H-[1,2,4]三唑-3-硫醇,2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-3-炔-2-醇、1-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-环丙基-2-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)乙醇、2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇、1-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-环丙基-2-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)乙醇、2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-3-甲基-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇、1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-戊-3-炔基]-1,2,4-三唑、2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇、1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-环丙基-2-甲氧基-乙基]-1,2,4-三唑、1-[2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-丙基]-1,2,4-三唑、2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-3,3-二甲基-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇、1-[2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-环丙基-2-甲氧基-乙基]-1,2,4-三唑、1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-3,3-二甲基-丁基]-1,2,4-三唑、1-[2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-丁基]1,2,4-三唑、2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-3-炔-2-醇、1-[2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-戊-3-炔基]-1,2,4-三唑、2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-3-炔-2-醇、2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇、2-[2-氯-4-(4-氟苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇、2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-3-甲基-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇、1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-丙基]-1,2,4-三唑、1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-丁基]-1,2,4-三唑、1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-戊基]-1,2,4-三唑、2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1,1,1-三氟-3-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇、2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-3-氟-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇盐酸盐、2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-4-炔-2-醇、2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-甲氧基-3-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇、2-[2-氯-4-(4-氟苯氧基)苯基]-1-甲氧基-3-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇、2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-2-醇、2-[4-(4-氟苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇、2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇、2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-2-醇;咪唑类:抑霉唑(imazalil)、稻瘟酯(pefurazoate)、丙氯灵(prochloraz)、氟菌唑(triflumizol);嘧啶类、吡啶类和哌嗪类:异嘧菌醇(fenarimol)、氟苯嘧啶醇(nuarimol)、啶斑肟(pyrifenox)、嗪氨灵(triforine),[3-(4-氯-2-氟-苯基)-5-(2,4-二氟苯基)异唑-4-基]-(3-吡啶基)甲醇;
-δ14-还原酶抑制剂:4-十二烷基-2,6-二甲基吗啉(aldimorph)、吗菌灵(dodemorph)、吗菌灵乙酸酯(dodemorph-acetate)、丁苯吗啉(fenpropimorph)、克啉菌(tridemorph)、苯锈啶(fenpropidin)、粉病灵(piperalin)、螺茂胺(spiroxamine);
-3-酮基还原酶抑制剂:环酰菌胺(fenhexamid);
C)核酸合成抑制剂
-苯基酰胺类或酰基氨基酸类杀真菌剂:苯霜灵(benalaxyl)、精苯霜灵(benalaxyl-M)、kiralaxyl、甲霜灵(metalaxyl)、精甲霜灵(metalaxyl-M)(mefenoxam)、甲呋酰胺(ofurace)、霜灵(oxadixyl);
-其他:土菌消(hymexazole)、异噻菌酮(octhilinone)、恶喹酸(oxolinicacid)、磺嘧菌灵(bupirimate)、5-氟胞嘧啶、5-氟-2-(对甲苯基甲氧基)嘧啶-4-胺、5-氟-2-(4-氟苯基甲氧基)嘧啶-4-胺;
D)细胞分裂和细胞骨架抑制剂
-微管蛋白抑制剂,如苯并咪唑类、托布津类(thiophanate):苯菌灵(benomyl)、多菌灵(carbendazim)、麦穗宁(fuberidazole)、涕必灵(thiabendazole)、甲基托布津(thiophanate-methyl);三唑并嘧啶类:5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶;
-其他细胞分裂抑制剂:乙霉威(diethofencarb)、噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)、戊菌隆(pencycuron)、氟吡菌胺(fluopicolide)、苯酰菌胺(zoxamide)、苯菌酮(metrafenone)、pyriofenone;
E)氨基酸和蛋白质合成抑制剂
-蛋氨酸合成抑制剂(苯胺基嘧啶类):环丙嘧啶(cyprodinil)、嘧菌胺(mepanipyrim)、二甲嘧菌胺(pyrimethanil);
-蛋白质合成抑制剂:灭瘟素(blasticidin-S)、春雷素(kasugamycin)、水合春雷素(kasugamycin hydrochloride-hydrate)、米多霉素(mildiomycin)、链霉素(streptomycin)、土霉素(oxytetracyclin)、多氧霉素(polyoxine)、井冈霉素(validamycin A);
F)信号转导抑制剂
-MAP/组氨酸蛋白激酶抑制剂:氟菌安(fluoroimid)、异丙定(iprodione)、杀菌利(procymidone)、烯菌酮(vinclozolin)、拌种咯(fenpiclonil)、氟菌(fludioxonil);
-G蛋白抑制剂:喹氧灵(quinoxyfen);
G)类脂和膜合成抑制剂
-磷脂生物合成抑制剂,选自克瘟散(edifenphos)、异稻瘟净(iprobenfos)、定菌磷(pyrazophos)、稻瘟灵(isoprothiolane);
-类脂过氧化:氯硝胺(dicloran)、五氯硝基苯(quintozene)、四氯硝基苯(tecnazene)、甲基立枯磷(tolclofos-methyl)、联苯、地茂散(chloroneb)、氯唑灵(etridiazole);
-磷脂生物合成和细胞壁沉积:烯酰吗啉(dimethomorph)、氟吗啉(flumorph)、双炔酰菌胺(mandipropamid)、丁吡吗啉(pyrimorph)、苯噻菌胺(benthiavalicarb)、异丙菌胺(iprovalicarb)、valifenalate和N-(1-(1-(4-氰基苯基)乙磺酰基)丁-2-基)氨基甲酸4-氟苯基酯;
-影响细胞膜渗透性的化合物和脂肪酸:百维灵(propamocarb);
-脂肪酸酰胺水解酶抑制剂:oxathiapiprolin;
H)具有多位点作用的抑制剂
-无机活性物质:波尔多液(Bordeaux混合物)、醋酸铜、氢氧化铜、王铜(copperoxychloride)、碱式硫酸铜、硫;
-硫代-和二硫代氨基甲酸酯类:福美铁(ferbam)、代森锰锌(mancozeb)、代森锰(maneb)、威百亩(metam)、代森联(metiram)、甲基代森锌(propineb)、福美双(thiram)、代森锌(zineb)、福美锌(ziram);
-有机氯化合物(例如邻苯二甲酰亚胺类、硫酰胺类、氯代腈类):敌菌灵(anilazine)、百菌清(chlorothalonil)、敌菌丹(captafol)、克菌丹(captan)、灭菌丹(folpet)、抑菌灵(dichlofluanid)、双氯酚(dichlorophen)、六氯苯(hexachlorobenzene)、五氯酚(pentachlorphenole)及其盐、四氯苯酞(phthalide)、对甲抑菌灵(tolylfluanid)、N-(4-氯-2-硝基苯基)-N-乙基-4-甲基苯磺酰胺;
-胍类及其他:胍、多果定(dodine)、多果定游离碱、双胍盐(guazatine)、双胍辛胺(guazatine acetate)、双胍辛醋酸盐(iminoctadine)、双胍辛胺三乙酸盐(iminoctadine-triacetate)、双八胍盐(iminoctadine-tris(albesilate))、二噻农(dithianon)、2,6-二甲基-1H,5H-[1,4]二噻二烯并(dithiino)[2,3-c:5,6-c']联吡咯-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-四酮;
I)细胞壁合成抑制剂
-葡聚糖合成抑制剂:井冈霉素(validamycin)、多氧霉素(polyoxin B);
-黑素合成抑制剂:咯喹酮(pyroquilon)、三环唑(tricyclazole)、氯环丙酰胺(carpropamid)、双氯氰菌胺(dicyclomet)、氰菌胺(fenoxanil);
J)植物防御诱发剂
-噻二唑素(acibenzolar-S-methyl)、噻菌灵(probenazole)、异噻菌胺(isotianil)、噻酰菌胺(tiadinil)、调环酸钙(prohexadione-calcium);膦酸酯类:藻菌磷(fosetyl)、乙磷铝(fosetyl-aluminum)、亚磷酸及其盐、碳酸氢钾或钠;
K)未知作用模式
-拌棉醇(bronopol)、灭螨蜢(chinomethionat)、环氟菌胺(cyflufenamid)、清菌脲(cymoxanil)、棉隆(dazomet)、咪菌威(debacarb)、哒菌清(diclomezine)、野燕枯(difenzoquat)、野燕枯甲基硫酸酯(difenzoquat-methylsulfate)、二苯胺、胺苯吡菌酮(fenpyrazamine)、氟联苯菌(flumetover)、磺菌胺(flusulfamide)、flutianil、磺菌威(methasulfocarb)、氯定(nitrapyrin)、异丙消(nitrothal-isopropyl)、oxathiapiprolin、tolprocarb、喹啉铜(oxin-copper)、丙氧喹啉(proquinazid)、tebufloquin、叶枯酞、唑菌嗪(triazoxide)、2-丁氧基-6-碘-3-丙基苯并吡喃-4-酮、2-[3,5-二(二氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]-1-[4-(4-{5-[2-(丙-2-炔-1-基氧基)苯基]-4,5-二氢-1,2-唑-3-基}-1,3-噻唑-2-基)哌啶-1-基]乙酮、2-[3,5-二(二氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]-1-[4-(4-{5-[2-氟-6-(丙-2-炔-1-基氧基)苯基]-4,5-二氢-1,2-唑-3-基}-1,3-噻唑-2-基)哌啶-1-基]乙酮、2-[3,5-二(二氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]-1-[4-(4-{5-[2-氯-6-(丙-2-炔-1-基氧基)苯基]-4,5-二氢-1,2-唑-3-基}-1,3-噻唑-2-基)哌啶-1-基]乙酮、N-(环丙基甲氧亚氨基-(6-二氟甲氧基-2,3-二氟苯基)甲基)-2-苯基乙酰胺、N'-(4-(4-氯-3-三氟甲基苯氧基)-2,5-二甲基苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、N'-(4-(4-氟-3-三氟甲基苯氧基)-2,5-二甲基苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、N'-(2-甲基-5-三氟甲基-4-(3-三甲基硅烷基丙氧基)苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、N'-(5-二氟甲基-2-甲基-4-(3-三甲基硅烷基丙氧基)苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、甲氧基乙酸6-叔丁基-8-氟-2,3-二甲基喹啉-4-基酯、3-[5-(4-甲基苯基)-2,3-二甲基异唑烷-3-基]吡啶、3-[5-(4-氯苯基)-2,3-二甲基异唑烷-3-基]吡啶(啶菌恶唑(pyrisoxazole))、N-(6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)环丙烷甲酰胺、5-氯-1-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)-2-甲基-1H-苯并咪唑、2-(4-氯苯基)-N-[4-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)异唑-5-基]-2-丙-2-炔基氧基乙酰胺、(Z)-3-氨基-2-氰基-3-苯基-丙-2-烯酸乙基酯、picarbutrazox、N-[6-[[(Z)-[(1-甲基四唑-5-基)-苯基亚甲基]氨基]氧基甲基]-2-吡啶基]氨基甲酸戊酯、2-[2-[(7,8-二氟-2-甲基-3-喹啉基)氧基]-6-氟-苯基]丙-2-醇、2-[2-氟-6-[(8-氟-2-甲基-3-喹啉基)氧基]苯基]丙-2-醇、3-(5-氟-3,3,4,4-四甲基-3,4-二氢异喹啉-1-基)喹啉、3-(4,4-二氟-3,3-二甲基-3,4-二氢异喹啉-1-基)喹啉、3-(4,4,5-三氟-3,3-二甲基-3,4-二氢异喹啉-1-基)喹啉;
M)生长调节剂
-脱落酸(abscisic acid)、先甲草胺(amidochlor)、嘧啶醇(ancymidol)、苄胺基嘌呤(6-benzylaminopurine)、油菜素内酯(brassinolide)、地乐胺(butralin)、矮壮素阳离子(chlormequat)(矮壮素(chlormequat chloride))、氯化胆碱(choline chloride)、环丙酸酰胺(cyclanilide)、丁酰肼(daminozide)、敌草克(dikegulac)、噻节因(dimethipin)、2,6-二甲基吡啶(2,6-dimethylpuridine)、乙烯利(ethephon)、抑芽敏(flumetralin)、呋嘧醇(flurprimidol)、达草氟(fluthiacet)、调吡脲(forchlorfenuron)、九二O(gibberellic acid)、抗倒胺(inabenfide)、吲哚-3-乙酸、抑芽丹(maleic hydrazide)、氟草磺(mefluidide)、助壮素阳离子(mepiquat)(助壮素(mepiquat chloride))、萘乙酸、N-6-苄基腺嘌呤、多效唑、调环酸(prohexadione)(调环酸钙)、茉莉酸丙酯(prohydrojasmone)、赛二唑素(thidiazuron)、抑芽唑(triapenthenol)、脱叶磷(tributyl phosphorotrithioate)、2,3,5-三碘苯甲酸、抗倒酯(trinexapac-ethyl)和烯效唑;
N)除草剂
-乙酰胺类:乙草胺(acetochlor)、甲草胺(alachlor)、丁草胺(butachlor)、克草胺(dimethachlor)、噻吩草胺(dimethenamid)、氟噻草胺(flufenacet)、苯噻草胺(mefenacet)、异丙甲草胺(metolachlor)、吡草胺(metazachlor)、草萘胺(napropamide)、萘丙胺(naproanilide)、烯草胺(pethoxamid)、丙草胺(pretilachlor)、扑草胺(propachlor)、噻醚草胺(thenylchlor);
-氨基酸衍生物:双丙氨酰膦(bilanafos)、草甘膦(glyphosate)、草铵膦(glufosinate)、草硫膦(sulfosate);
-芳氧基苯氧基丙酸酯类:炔草酯(clodinafop)、氰氟草酯(cyhalofop-butyl)、唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop)、吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop)、吡氟氯禾灵(haloxyfop)、恶唑酰草胺(metamifop)、喔草酯(propaquizafop)、喹禾灵(quizalofop)、喹禾灵(四氢糠基酯)(quizalofop-P-tefuryl);
-联吡啶类:敌草快阳离子(diquat)、对草快阳离子(paraquat);
-(硫代)氨基甲酸酯类:黄草灵(asulam)、苏达灭(butylate)、长杀草(carbetamide)、异苯敌草(desmedipham)、哌草丹(dimepiperate)、扑草灭(eptam)(EPTC)、禾草畏(esprocarb)、草达灭(molinate)、坪草丹(orbencarb)、苯敌草(phenmedipham)、苄草丹(prosulfocarb)、稗草畏(pyributicarb)、杀草丹(thiobencarb)、野麦畏(triallate);
-环己二酮类:丁氧环酮(butroxydim)、烯草酮(clethodim)、噻草酮(cycloxydim)、环苯草酮(profoxydim)、稀禾定(sethoxydim)、醌肟草(tepraloxydim)、肟草酮(tralkoxydim);
-二硝基苯胺类:氟草胺(benfluralin)、丁氟消草(ethalfluralin)、黄草消(oryzalin)、胺硝草(pendimethalin)、氨基丙氟灵(prodiamine)、氟乐灵(trifluralin);
-二苯基醚类:氟锁草醚(acifluorfen)、苯草醚(aclonifen)、治草醚(bifenox)、氯甲草(diclofop)、氯氟草醚(ethoxyfen)、氟黄胺草醚(fomesafen)、乳氟禾草灵(lactofen)、乙氧氟草醚(oyfluorfen);
-羟基苄腈类:溴苯腈(bromoxynil)、敌草腈(dichlobenil)、碘苯腈(ioxynil);
-咪唑啉酮类:咪草酯(imazamethabenz)、咪草啶酸(imazamox)、甲基咪草烟(imazapic)、灭草烟(imazapyr)、灭草喹(imazaquin)、咪草烟(imazethapyr);
-苯氧基乙酸类:稗草胺(clomeprop)、2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸(2,4-D)、2,4-DB、2,4-滴丙酸(dichlorprop)、MCPA、2甲4氯乙硫酯(MCPA thioethyl)、MCPB、2甲4氯丙酸(mecoprop);
-吡嗪类:杀草敏(chloridazon)、氟哒嗪草酯(flufenpyr-ethyl)、达草氟、达草灭(norflurazon)、达草止(pyridate);
-吡啶类:氨草啶(aminopyralid)、二氯皮考啉酸(clopyralid)、吡氟草胺(diflufenican)、氟硫草定(dithiopyr)、氟草同(fluridone)、氟草烟(fluroxypyr)、毒莠定(picloram)、氟吡酰草胺(picolinafen)、噻氟啶草(thiazopyr);
-磺酰脲类:磺氨黄隆(amidosulfuron)、四唑黄隆(azimsulfuron)、苄嘧黄隆(bensulfuron)、氯嘧黄隆(chlorimuron-ethyl)、绿黄隆(chlorsulfuron)、醚黄隆(cinosulfuron)、环丙黄隆(cyclosulfamuron)、乙氧嘧黄隆(ethoxysulfuron)、啶嘧黄隆(flazasulfuron)、氟吡磺隆(flucetosulfuron)、氟啶黄隆(flupyrsulfuron)、酰胺磺隆(foramsulfuron)、吡氯黄隆(halosulfuron)、啶咪黄隆(imazosulfuron)、甲基碘磺隆(iodosulfuron)、甲磺胺磺隆(mesosulfuron)、嗪吡嘧磺隆(metazosulfuron)、甲黄隆(metsulfuron-methyl)、烟嘧黄隆(nicosulfuron)、环丙氧黄隆(oxasulfuron)、氟嘧黄隆(primisulfuron)、氟丙黄隆(prosulfuron)、吡嘧黄隆(pyrazosulfuron)、玉嘧黄隆(rimsulfuron)、嘧黄隆(sulfometuron)、乙黄黄隆(sulfosulfuron)、噻黄隆(thifensulfuron)、醚苯黄隆(triasulfuron)、苯黄隆(tribenuron)、三氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron)、三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron)、1-((2-氯-6-丙基咪唑并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-基)磺酰基)-3-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)脲;
-三嗪类:莠灭净(ametryn)、莠去津(atrazine)、草净津(cyanazine)、戊草津(dimethametryn)、乙嗪草酮(ethiozin)、六嗪同(hexazinone)、苯嗪草(metamitron)、赛克津(metribuzin)、扑草净(prometryn)、西玛津(simazine)、特丁津(terbuthylazine)、去草净(terbutryn)、苯氧丙胺津(triaziflam);
-脲类:绿麦隆(chlorotoluron)、香草隆(daimuron)、敌草隆(diuron)、伏草隆(fluometuron)、异丙隆(isoproturon)、利谷隆(linuron)、噻唑隆(methabenzthiazuron)、丁唑隆(tebuthiuron);
-其他乙酰乳酸合成酶抑制剂:双草醚钠盐(bispyribac-sodium)、氯酯磺草胺(cloransulam-methyl)、唑嘧磺胺(diclosulam)、双氟磺草胺(florasulam)、氟酮磺隆(flucarbazone)、氟唑啶草(flumetsulam)、唑草磺胺(metosulam)、嘧苯胺磺隆(ortho-sulfamuron)、五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)、丙氧基卡巴腙(propoxycarbazone)、丙酯草醚(pyribambenz-propyl)、嘧啶肟草醚(pyribenzoxim)、环酯草醚(pyriftalid)、肟啶草(pyriminobac-methyl)、pyrimisulfan、嘧硫苯甲酸(pyrithiobac)、pyroxasulfone、甲氧磺草胺(pyroxsulam);
-其他:胺唑草酮(amicarbazone)、三唑胺(aminotriazole)、莎稗磷(anilofos)、beflubutamid、草除灵(benazolin)、bencarbazone、benfluresate、吡草酮(benzofenap)、噻草平(bentazone)、苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)、氟吡草酮(bicyclopyrone)、除草定(bromacil)、溴丁酰草胺(bromobutide)、氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil)、草胺磷(butamifos)、胺草唑(cafenstrole)、氟酮唑草(carfentrazone)、吲哚酮草酯(cinidon-ethyl)、敌草索(chlorthal)、环庚草醚(cinmethylin)、异恶草酮(clomazone)、苄草隆(cumyluron)、cyprosulfamide、麦草畏(dicamba)、苯敌快(difenzoquat)、二氟吡隆(diflufenzopyr)、稗内脐蠕孢菌(Drechsleramonoceras)、敌草腈(endothal)、乙呋草黄(ethofumesate)、乙苯酰草(etobenzanid)、fenoxasulfone、四唑酰草胺(fentrazamide)、氟烯草酸(flumiclorac-pentyl)、氟嗪酮(flumioxazin)、胺草唑(flupoxam)、氟咯草酮(flurochloridone)、呋草酮(flurtamone)、茚草酮(indanofan)、异恶草胺(isoxaben)、异氟草(isoxaflutole)、环草定(lenacil)、敌稗(propanil)、拿草特(propyzamide)、二氯喹啉酸(quinclorac)、喹草酸(quinmerac)、硝草酮(mesotrione)、甲胂酸(methylarsonicacid)、抑草生(naptalam)、炔丙唑草(oxadiargyl)、恶草灵(oxadiazon)、氯嗪草(oxaziclomefone)、戊唑草(pentoxazone)、唑啉草酯(pinoxaden)、双唑草腈(pyraclonil)、吡草醚(pyraflufen-ethyl)、pyrasulfotole、苄草唑(pyrazoxyfen)、吡唑特(pyrazolynate)、灭藻醌(quinoclamine)、苯嘧磺草胺(saflufenacil)、磺草酮(sulcotrione)、磺胺草唑(sulfentrazone)、特草定(terbacil)、tefuryltrione、tembotrione、thiencarbazone、topramezone、(3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(3-甲基-2,6-二氧代-4-三氟甲基-3,6-二氢-2H-嘧啶-1-基)苯氧基]吡啶-2-基氧基)乙酸乙酯、6-氨基-5-氯-2-环丙基嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯、6-氯-3-(2-环丙基-6-甲基苯氧基)哒嗪-4-醇、4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯苯基)-5-氟吡啶-2-甲酸、4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯和4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-3-二甲基氨基-2-氟苯基)吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯;
O)杀虫剂
-有机(硫代)磷酸酯:高灭磷(acephate)、唑啶磷(azamethiphos)、谷硫磷(azinphos-methyl)、毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos)、甲基毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos-methyl)、毒虫畏(chlorfenvinphos)、二嗪农(diazinon)、敌敌畏(dichlorvos)、百治磷(dicrotophos)、乐果(dimethoate)、乙拌磷(disulfoton)、乙硫磷(ethion)、杀螟松(fenitrothion)、倍硫磷(fenthion)、异唑磷(isoxathion)、马拉硫磷(malathion)、甲胺磷(methamidophos)、杀扑磷(methidathion)、甲基对硫磷(methyl-parathion)、速灭磷(mevinphos)、久效磷(monocrotophos)、砜吸磷(oxydemeton-methyl)、对氧磷(paraoxon)、一六零五(parathion)、稻丰散(phenthoate)、伏杀硫磷(phosalone)、亚胺硫磷(phosmet)、磷胺(phosphamidon)、甲拌磷(phorate)、辛硫磷(phoxim)、虫螨磷(pirimiphos-methyl)、丙溴磷(profenofos)、丙硫磷(prothiofos)、田乐磷(sulprophos)、杀虫威(tetrachlorvinphos)、特丁磷(terbufos)、三唑磷(triazophos)、敌百虫(trichlorfon);
-氨基甲酸酯类:棉铃威(alanycarb)、涕灭威(aldicarb)、虫威(bendiocarb)、丙硫克百威(benfuracarb)、甲萘威(carbaryl)、虫螨威(carbofuran)、丁硫克百威(carbosulfan)、双氧威(fenoxycarb)、呋线威(furathiocarb)、灭虫威(methiocarb)、灭多虫(methomyl)、甲氨叉威(oxamyl)、抗蚜威(pirimicarb)、残杀威(propoxur)、硫双威(thiodicarb)、唑蚜威(triazamate);
-合成除虫菊酯类:丙烯除虫菊(allethrin)、氟氯菊酯(bifenthrin)、氟氯氰菊酯(cyfluthrin)、(RS)氯氟氰菊酯(cyhalothrin)、苯醚氰菊酯(cyphenothrin)、氯氰菊酯(cypermethrin)、甲体氯氰菊酯(alpha-cypermethrin)、乙体氯氰菊酯(beta-cypermethrin)、己体氯氰菊酯(zeta-cypermethrin)、溴氰菊酯(deltamethrin)、高氰戊菊酯(esfenvalerate)、醚菊酯(etofenprox)、甲氰菊酯(fenpropathrin)、杀灭菊酯(fenvalerate)、咪炔菊酯(imiprothrin)、氯氟氰菊酯(lambda-cyhalothrin)、氯菊酯(permethrin)、炔酮菊酯(prallethrin)、除虫菊(pyrethrin)I和II、灭虫菊(resmethrin)、灭虫硅醚(silafluofen)、氟胺氰菊酯(tau-fluvalinate)、七氟菊酯(tefluthrin)、胺菊酯(tetramethrin)、四溴菊酯(tralomethrin)、四氟菊酯(transfluthrin)、丙氟菊酯(profluthrin)、四氟甲醚菊酯(dimefluthrin);
-昆虫生长调节剂:a)几丁质合成抑制剂:苯甲酰脲类:定虫隆(chlorfluazuron)、灭蝇胺(cyramazin)、氟脲杀(diflubenzuron)、氟螨脲(flucycloxuron)、氟虫脲(flufenoxuron)、氟铃脲(hexaflumuron)、氟丙氧脲(lufenuron)、双苯氟脲(novaluron)、伏虫隆(teflubenzuron)、杀虫隆(triflumuron);噻嗪酮(buprofezin)、茂醚(diofenolan)、噻螨酮(hexythiazox)、特苯唑(etoxazole)、四螨嗪(clofentazine);b)蜕皮激素拮抗剂:特丁苯酰肼(halofenozide)、甲氧苯酰肼(methoxyfenozide)、双苯酰肼(tebufenozide)、艾扎丁(azadirachtin);c)保幼激素类似物:蚊蝇醚(pyriproxyfen)、蒙五一五(methoprene)、双氧威;d)类脂生物合成抑制剂:螺螨酯(spirodiclofen)、螺甲螨酯(spiromesifen)、螺虫乙酯(spirotetramat);
-烟碱受体激动剂/拮抗剂化合物:噻虫胺(clothianidin)、呋虫胺(dinotefuran)、flupyradifurone、吡虫啉(imidacloprid)、噻虫嗪(thiamethoxam)、硝胺烯啶(nitenpyram)、吡虫清(acetamiprid)、噻虫啉(thiacloprid)、1-(2-氯噻唑-5-基甲基)-2-硝酰亚氨基(nitrimino)-3,5-二甲基-[1,3,5]三嗪烷(triazinane);
-GABA拮抗剂化合物:硫丹(endosulfan)、乙虫清(ethiprole)、锐劲特(fipronil)、氟吡唑虫(vaniliprole)、pyrafluprole、pyriprole、5-氨基-1-(2,6-二氯-4-甲基苯基)-4-亚磺酰氨酰基(sulfinamoyl)-1H-吡唑-3-硫代甲酰胺;
-大环内酯杀虫剂:齐墩螨素(abamectin)、甲氨基阿维菌素(emamectin)、米尔螨素(milbemectin)、lepimectin、艾克敌105(spinosad)、乙基多杀菌素(spinetoram);
-线粒体电子传输链抑制剂(METI)I杀螨剂:喹螨醚(fenazaquin)、哒螨酮(pyridaben)、吡螨胺(tebufenpyrad)、唑虫酰胺(tolfenpyrad)、嘧虫胺(flufenerim);
-METI II和III化合物:灭螨醌(acequinocyl)、fluacyprim、灭蚁腙(hydramethylnon);
-解耦剂:氟唑虫清(chlorfenapyr);
-氧化磷酸化抑制剂:三环锡(cyhexatin)、杀螨硫隆(diafenthiuron)、杀螨锡(fenbutatin oxide)、克螨特(propargite);
-昆虫蜕皮干扰剂化合物:灭蝇胺(cryomazine);
-混合功能氧化酶抑制剂:增效醚(piperonyl butoxide);
-鱼尼汀(ryanodine)受体抑制剂:氯虫酰胺(chloranthraniliprole)、氰虫酰胺(cyantraniliprole)、氟虫酰胺(flubendiamide)、N-[4,6-二氯-2-[(二乙基-λ-4-亚硫基(sulfanylidene))氨基甲酰基]苯基]-2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-三氟甲基吡唑-3-甲酰胺、N-[4-氯-2-[(二乙基-λ-4-亚硫基)氨基甲酰基]-6-甲基苯基]-2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-三氟甲基吡唑-3-甲酰胺、N-[4-氯-2-[(二-2-丙基-λ-4-亚硫基)氨基甲酰基]-6-甲基苯基]-2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-三氟甲基吡唑-3-甲酰胺、N-[4,6-二氯-2-[(二-2-丙基-λ-4-亚硫基)氨基甲酰基]苯基]-2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-三氟甲基吡唑-3-甲酰胺、N-[4,6-二氯-2-[(二乙基-λ-4-亚硫基)氨基甲酰基]苯基]-2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-二氟甲基吡唑-3-甲酰胺、N-[4,6-二溴-2-[(二-2-丙基-λ-4-亚硫基)氨基甲酰基]苯基]-2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-三氟甲基吡唑-3-甲酰胺、N-[4-氯-2-[(二-2-丙基-λ-4-亚硫基)氨基甲酰基]-6-氰基苯基]-2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-三氟甲基吡唑-3-甲酰胺、N-[4,6-二溴-2-[(二乙基-λ-4-亚硫基)氨基甲酰基]苯基]-2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-三氟甲基吡唑-3-甲酰胺;
-其他:benclothiaz、联苯肼酯(bifenazate)、杀螟丹(cartap)、氟啶虫酰胺(flonicamid)、啶虫丙醚(pyridalyl)、拒嗪酮(pymetrozine)、硫、硫环杀(thiocyclam)、cyenopyrafen、吡氟硫磷(flupyrazofos)、丁氟螨酯(cyflumetofen)、amidoflumet、imicyafos、双三氟虫脲(bistrifluron)、pyrifluquinazon和1,1'-[(3S,4R,4aR,6S,6aS,12R,12aS,12bS)-4-[[(2-环丙基乙酰基)氧基]甲基]-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-十氢-12-羟基-4,6a,12b-三甲基-11-氧代-9-(3-吡啶基)-2H,11H-萘并[2,1-b]吡喃并[3,4-e]吡喃-3,6-二基]环丙烷乙酸酯。
根据一个实施方案,农药选自类别B)甾醇生物合成抑制剂(SBI杀真菌剂),更特别是选自C14脱甲基酶抑制剂(DMI杀真菌剂)。特别地,农药选自三唑类杀真菌剂,更特别地为下式的化合物:
其中
R1为(C1-C4)烷基、(C3-C6)环烷基、(C2-C4)炔基或CH2OCH3,优选(C1-C4)烷基、(C3-C6)环烷基或(C2-C4)炔基;尤其是CH3、C2H5、n-(C3H7)、i-(C3H7)、C(CH3)3、环丙基或C≡C-CH3,更特别是CH3、C2H5、n-(C3H7)、i-(C3H7)、环丙基或C≡C-CH3;
R2为氢、(C1-C3)烷基、(C2-C4)链烯基或(C2-C4)炔基,尤其是氢、CH3、C2H5、n-(C3H7)、i-(C3H7)、CH2CH=CH2(烯丙基)、CH2C(CH3)=CH2或CH2C≡CH;R3为Cl或CF3;和
R4为Cl。
根据另一特殊实施方案,农药选自三唑I-1至I-31:
化合物I-1 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-3-炔-2-醇;
化合物I-2 1-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-环丙基-2-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)乙醇;
化合物I-3 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇;
化合物I-4 1-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-环丙基-2-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)乙醇;
化合物I-5 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-3-甲基-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇;
化合物I-6 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-戊-3-炔基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-7 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇;
化合物I-8 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-环丙基-2-甲氧基-乙基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-9 1-[2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-丙基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-10 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-3,3-二甲基-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇;
化合物I-11 1-[2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-环丙基-2-甲氧基-乙基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-12 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-3,3-二甲基-丁基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-13 1-[2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-丁基]1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-14 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-3-炔-2-醇;
化合物I-15 1-[2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-戊-3-炔基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-16 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-3-炔-2-醇;
化合物I-17 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇;
化合物I-18 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氟苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇;
化合物I-19 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-3-甲基-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇;
化合物I-20 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-丙基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-21 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-丁基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-22 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-戊基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-23 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1,1,1-三氟-3-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇;
化合物I-24 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-3-氟-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇盐酸盐;
化合物I-25 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-4-炔-2-醇;
化合物I-26 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-甲氧基-3-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇;
化合物I-27 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氟苯氧基)苯基]-1-甲氧基-3-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇;
化合物I-28 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-2-醇;
化合物I-29 2-[4-(4-氟苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇;
化合物I-30 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇;和
化合物I-31 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-2-醇。
化合物I-1至I-31的结构如下:
I-1 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-3-炔-2-醇
I-2 1-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-环丙基-2-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)乙醇
I-3 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇
I-4 1-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-环丙基-2-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)乙醇
I-5 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-3-甲基-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇
I-6 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-戊-3-炔基]-1,2,4-三唑
I-7 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇
I-8 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-环丙基-2-甲氧基-乙基]-1,2,4-三唑
I-9 1-[2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-丙基]-1,2,4-三唑
I-10 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-3,3-二甲基-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇
I-11 1-[2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-环丙基-2-甲氧基-乙基]-1,2,4-三唑
I-12 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-3,3-二甲基-丁基]-1,2,4-三唑
I-13 1-[2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-丁基]1,2,4-三唑
I-14 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-3-炔-2-醇
I-15 1-[2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-戊-3-炔基]-1,2,4-三唑
I-16 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-3-炔-2-醇
I-17 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇:
I-18 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氟苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇:
I-19 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-3-甲基-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇:
I-20 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-丙基]-1,2,4-三唑:
I-21 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-丁基]-1,2,4-三唑:
I-22 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-戊基]-1,2,4-三唑:
I-23 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1,1,1-三氟-3-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇:
I-24 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-3-氟-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇盐酸盐:
I-25 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-4-炔-2-醇:
I-26 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-甲氧基-3-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇:
I-27 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氟苯氧基)苯基]-1-甲氧基-3-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇:
I-28 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-2-醇:
I-29 2-[4-(4-氟苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇:
I-30 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇:
和
I-31 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-2-醇:
根据本发明的一个特定实施方案,农药选自化合物I-1、I-2、I-3、I-4、I-5、I-14和I-19。
根据本发明的另一特定实施方案,农药选自化合物I-1、I-3、I-4、I-5和I-19。
根据本发明的另一特定实施方案,农药选自化合物I-1、I-3、I-5和I-19。
根据本发明的再一特定实施方案,农药选自化合物I-1、I-3和I-5。在一个实施方案中,其为I-1,在另一实施方案中,其为I-3。在再一实施方案中,其为I-5。
已知式I的三唑类杀真菌剂,尤其是I-1至I-31为杀真菌剂。其可通过类似于已知的现有技术方法的各种途径得到(参见J.Agric.Food Chem.(2009)57,4854 4860;EP 0275 955 A1;DE 40 03 180 A1;EP 0 113 640A2;EP 0 126 430 A2)。此外,式I化合物,其制备及其在作物保护中的用途描述于WO 2013/007767(PCT/EP2012/063626)、WO 2013/024076(PCT/EP2012/065835)、WO 2013/024075(PCT/EP2012/065834)、WO2013/024077(PCT/EP2012/065836)、WO 2013/024081(PCT/EP2012/065848)、WO 2013/024080(PCT/EP2012/065847)、WO2013/024083(PCT/EP2012/065852)WO 2013/010862(PCT/EP2012/063526)、WO 2013/010894(PCT/EP2012/063635)、WO2013/010885(PCT/EP2012/063620)、WO2013/024082(PCT/EP2012/065850),其还公开了与其他活性化合物的某些组合物。由于其氮原子的碱性特征,其能够与无机酸或有机酸或与金属离子形成盐或加合物,尤其是与无机酸或N-氧化物形成盐。
化合物I包含手性中心且它们可以以外消旋物形式得到。三唑化合物的R-和S-对映体可以使用本领域技术人员已知的方法,例如通过使用手性HPLC以纯净形式分离和隔离。适合使用的是对映体及其组合物。此外,所述化合物I可以可能具有不同生物学活性的不同晶型存在。
在每种情况下,尤其可能存在任意比例的相应化合物I-1、I-2、I-3、I-4、I-5等的(R)-对映体和(S)-对映体。例如,化合物I-3的(R)-对映体为(R)-2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇;I-3的(S)-对映体(S)-2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇。相应地,这适用于其他化合物。
相应化合物I-1、I-2、I-3、I-4或I-5等分别可以以对映体过量(e.e.),例如至少40%,例如至少50%、60%、70%或80%,优选至少90%,更优选至少95%,还更优选至少98%,最优选至少99%的对映体过量提供且以(R)-对映体使用。根据另一特殊实施方案,相应化合物I可以以至少40%,例如至少50%、60%、70%或80%,优选至少90%,更优选至少95%,还更优选至少98%,最优选至少99%的对映体过量(e.e.)提供且以(S)-对映体使用。这适用于本文详述的每一组合物。
此外,根据本发明还可以使用的农药、其制备及其生物学活性例如对抗有害真菌、害虫或杂草是已知的(参见:http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides/);这些物质大多数可以市购。
根据另一实施方案,农药选自配合物III在Qo位点的抑制剂(例如嗜球果伞素类)。农药尤其选自腈嘧菌酯(azoxystrobin)、甲香菌酯(coumethoxystrobin)、丁香菌酯(coumoxystrobin)、醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin)、烯肟菌酯(enestroburin)、烯肟菌胺(fenaminstrobin)、fenoxystrobin/氟菌螨酯(flufenoxystrobin)、氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin)、亚胺菌(kresoxim-methyl)、叉氨苯酰胺(metominostrobin)、肟醚菌胺(orysastrobin)、啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin)、唑菌胺酯(pyraclostrobin)、唑胺菌酯(pyrametostrobin)、唑菌酯(pyraoxystrobin)、肟菌酯(trifloxystrobin)、2-[2-(2,5-二甲基苯氧基甲基)苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸甲酯、2-(2-(3-(2,6-二氯苯基)-1-甲基亚烯丙基氨基氧甲基)苯基)-2-甲氧亚氨基-N-甲基乙酰胺、pyribencarb、triclopyricarb/chlorodincarb、唑酮菌(famoxadone)和咪唑菌酮(fenamidone)。
根据再一实施方案,农药选自配合物II抑制剂类(例如羧酰胺)。农药尤其选自麦锈灵(benodanil)、benzovindiflupyr、bixafen、啶酰菌胺(boscalid)、萎锈灵(carboxin)、呋菌胺(fenfuram)、氟吡菌酰胺(fluopyram)、氟酰胺(flutolanil)、氟唑菌酰胺(fluxapyroxad)、呋吡唑灵(furametpyr)、isofetamid、isopyrazam、丙氧灭绣胺(mepronil)、氧化萎锈灵(oxycarboxin)、penflufen、吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)、sedaxane、叶枯酞(tecloftalam)、溴氟唑菌(thifluzamide)、N-(4'-三氟甲硫基联苯-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(2-(1,3,3-三甲基丁基)苯基)-1,3-二甲基-5-氟-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-三氟甲基-1-甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、1,3-二甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-三氟甲基-1,5-二甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、1,3,5-三甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(7-氟-1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)-1,3-二甲基-吡唑-4-甲酰胺和N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-甲氧基-1-甲基-乙基]-3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-吡唑-4-甲酰胺。
该农药是水不溶性的。通常它可以在25℃下以不大于1g/L,优选不大于200mg/L,尤其不大于50mg/L溶于水中。使用简单的初步试验,熟练技术人员可以从上面的农药列举中选择具有合适水溶性的农药。
该农药可以具有大于40℃,优选大于70℃,尤其大于90℃的熔点。
该农药优选以溶解形式存在于该浓缩物中。使用简单的初步试验,熟练技术人员可以从上面的农药列举中选择具有合适溶解性的农药。
除了水不溶性农药外,该浓缩物可以包含一种或多种其他农药。该其他农药优选为水不溶性的。通常它可以在25℃下以不大于1g/L,优选不大于200mg/L,尤其不大于50mg/L溶于水中。使用简单的初步试验,熟练技术人员可以从上面的农药列举中选择具有合适水溶性的农药。在尤其优选的形式中,该浓缩物不包含任何其他农药。
基于该浓缩物中存在的所有农药总和,该浓缩物可以包含0.1-60重量%,优选1-25重量%,尤其是5-15重量%的农药。
此外,该可乳化浓缩物可以包含常用于作物保护产品的助剂。合适的助剂是溶剂、液体载体、表面活性剂,分散剂,乳化剂,润湿剂,辅助剂,加溶剂,渗透剂,保护性胶体,粘附剂,增稠剂,杀菌剂,防冻剂,消泡剂,着色剂,增粘剂和粘合剂。
合适的溶剂和液体载体为有机溶剂如植物或动物来源的油;醇,例如乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、环己醇;二醇;酮;酯;和其混合物。
合适的表面活性剂是表面活性化合物,如阴离子、阳离子、非离子和两性表面活性剂,嵌段聚合物,聚电解质,以及它们的混合物。该类表面活性剂可以用作乳化剂、分散剂、加溶剂、润湿剂、渗透剂、保护性胶体或辅助剂。表面活性剂的实例列于McCutcheon’s,第1卷:Emulsifiers&Detergents,McCutcheon’s Directories,Glen Rock,USA,2008(国际版或北美版)中。
合适的阴离子表面活性剂是磺酸、硫酸、磷酸、羧酸的碱金属、碱土金属或铵盐以及它们的混合物。磺酸盐的实例是烷基芳基磺酸盐、二苯基磺酸盐、α-烯烃磺酸盐、木素磺酸盐、脂肪酸和油的磺酸盐、乙氧基化烷基酚的磺酸盐、烷氧基化芳基酚的磺酸盐、缩合萘的磺酸盐、十二烷基-和十三烷基苯的磺酸盐、萘和烷基萘的磺酸盐、磺基琥珀酸盐或磺基琥珀酰胺酸盐。硫酸盐的实例是脂肪酸和油的硫酸盐、乙氧基化烷基酚的硫酸盐、醇的硫酸盐、乙氧基化醇的硫酸盐或脂肪酸酯的硫酸盐。磷酸盐的实例是磷酸酯。羧酸盐的实例是烷基羧酸盐以及羧化醇或烷基酚乙氧基化物。优选的阴离子表面活性剂是硫酸盐和磺酸盐。
合适的非离子表面活性剂是烷氧基化物,N-取代的脂肪酸酰胺,胺氧化物,酯类,糖基表面活性剂,聚合物表面活性剂及其混合物。烷氧基化物的实例是诸如已经被1-50当量烷氧基化的醇、烷基酚、胺、酰胺、芳基酚、脂肪酸或脂肪酸酯的化合物。可以将氧化乙烯和/或氧化丙烯用于烷氧基化,优选氧化乙烯。N-取代的脂肪酸酰胺的实例是脂肪酸葡糖酰胺或脂肪酸链烷醇酰胺。酯类的实例是脂肪酸酯,甘油酯或甘油单酯。糖基表面活性剂的实例是脱水山梨醇、乙氧基化脱水山梨醇、蔗糖和葡萄糖酯或烷基聚葡糖苷。聚合物表面活性剂的实例是乙烯基吡咯烷酮、乙烯醇或乙酸乙烯酯的均聚物或共聚物。优选的非离子表面活性剂是烷氧基化物。非离子表面活性剂如烷氧基化物还可以用作辅助剂。
合适的阳离子表面活性剂是季型表面活性剂,例如具有1或2个疏水性基团的季铵化合物,或长链伯胺的盐。
合适的两性表面活性剂是烷基甜菜碱和咪唑啉类。
合适的嵌段聚合物是包含聚氧乙烯和聚氧丙烯的嵌段的A-B或A-B-A类型嵌段聚合物,或包含链烷醇、聚氧乙烯和聚氧丙烯的A-B-C类型嵌段聚合物。
合适的聚电解质是聚酸或聚碱,其中优选聚酸。聚碱的实例是聚乙烯基胺或聚乙烯胺。聚酸的实例是丙烯酸共聚物或AMPS(2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸)共聚物。优选聚电解质为以聚合形式包含含有至少一种选自N-乙烯基内酰胺、N-C1-C6烷基丙烯酰胺和N,N-二C1-C6烷基丙烯酰胺的单体的酰胺的共聚物;聚(C2-6亚烷基二醇)(甲基)丙烯酸酯和/或单C1-22烷基封端的聚(C2-6亚烷基二醇)(甲基)丙烯酸酯;C1-C8烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯;和(甲基)丙烯酸。更优选聚电解质为以聚合形式包含含有至少一种选自N-乙烯基内酰胺的单体的酰胺的共聚物;单C1-22烷基封端的聚(C2-6亚烷基二醇)(甲基)丙烯酸酯;C1-C8烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯;和(甲基)丙烯酸。在另一优选形式中,聚电解质为以聚合形式包含25-85wt%含有至少一种选自N-乙烯基内酰胺的单体的酰胺的共聚物;1-40wt%单C1-22烷基封端的聚(C2-6亚烷基二醇)(甲基)丙烯酸酯;5-50wt%C1-C8烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯;和至多15wt%(甲基)丙烯酸,其中各单体的总和等于100%。在另一优选形式中,聚电解质为以聚合形式包含30-85wt%含有至少一种选自N-乙烯基内酰胺的单体的酰胺的共聚物;5-20wt%单C1-22烷基封端的聚(C2-6亚烷基二醇)(甲基)丙烯酸酯;8-35wt%C1-C8烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯;和0.5-10wt%(甲基)丙烯酸,其中各单体的总和等于100%。在另一优选形式中,聚电解质为如下共聚物,其以聚合形式含有至少一种含有磺酸基团的烯属不饱和单体、至少一种选自C1-C4烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯的单体和至少一种选自C6-C22烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯的单体。在另一优选形式中,聚电解质为如下共聚物,其以聚合形式含有5-50重量%至少一种含有磺酸基团的烯属不饱和单体、20-70重量%至少一种选自C1-C4烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯的单体和5-30重量%至少一种选自C6-C22烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯的单体,基于单体总重量。浓缩物可包含0.5-40重量%,优选2-30重量%,尤其是5-25重量%聚电解质(例如聚酸如丙烯酸共聚物或AMPS共聚物)。
合适的辅助剂是本身具有可忽略的农药活性或者本身甚至没有农药活性且改善农药对目标物的生物学性能的化合物。实例是表面活性剂,矿物油或植物油以及其他助剂。其他实例由Knowles,Adjuvants and additives,Agrow Reports DS256,T&F Informa UK,2006,第5章列出。
合适的杀菌剂是拌棉醇和异噻唑啉酮衍生物如烷基异噻唑啉酮和苯并异噻唑啉酮。合适的防冻剂是乙二醇、丙二醇、尿素和甘油。合适的消泡剂是聚硅氧烷、长链醇和脂肪酸盐。合适的着色剂(例如着红色、蓝色或绿色)是低水溶性颜料和水溶性染料。实例是无机着色剂(例如氧化铁、氧化钛、六氰合铁酸铁)和有机着色剂(例如茜素着色剂、偶氮着色剂和酞菁着色剂)。
该浓缩物优选包含至少一种阴离子表面活性剂。该浓缩物通常包含不小于0.03重量%,优选不小于0.1重量%,尤其不小于0.5重量%的阴离子表面活性剂。该浓缩物可以包含不大于25重量%,优选不大于10重量%,尤其不大于5重量%的阴离子表面活性剂。
该浓缩物优选包含至少一种非离子表面活性剂(如烷氧基化物)。该浓缩物通常包含不小于1重量%,优选不小于5重量%,尤其不小于10重量%的非离子表面活性剂。该浓缩物可以包含不大于65重量%,优选不大于45重量%,尤其不大于35重量%的非离子表面活性剂。
在一个优选形式中,该浓缩物优选包含至少一种烷氧基化物,尤其是烷氧基化C6-C22醇。该浓缩物通常包含不小于2重量%,优选不小于7重量%,尤其不小于10重量%的烷氧基化物(尤其是烷氧基化C6-C22醇)。
优选该浓缩物包含非离子表面活性剂(如烷氧基化物)和阴离子表面活性剂(如硫酸盐或磺酸盐)。
此外,本发明涉及一种通过混合该水不溶性农药、式(I)的酰胺和式(II)的乳酰胺和任选地烃而制备本发明可乳化浓缩物的方法。
此外,本发明涉及一种包含水不溶性农药氟唑菌酰胺、醚唑和丙环唑的可乳化浓缩物。除了这三种农药,该浓缩物可包含其他农药。可乳化浓缩物可包含5-300g/L(优选15-200g/L)氟唑菌酰胺、30-500g/L(优选100-350g/L)醚唑和30-500g/L(优选100-350g/L)丙环唑。包含氟唑菌酰胺、醚唑和丙环唑的可乳化浓缩物可进一步包含常用于作物保护产品的助剂。包含氟唑菌酰胺、醚唑和丙环唑的可乳化浓缩物可进一步包含式(I)的酰胺和式(II)的乳酰胺。包含氟唑菌酰胺、醚唑和丙环唑的可乳化浓缩物可具有作为对包含水不溶性农药、式(I)的酰胺和式(II)的乳酰胺的可乳化浓缩物所公开的那些优选的特征。
此外,本发明涉及一种可以通过混合水和本发明可乳化浓缩物而得到(优选得到)的乳液。该乳液通常在混合时自发得到。在大多数情况下,该乳液为水包油乳液。水与浓缩物的混合比可以为1000:1-1:1,优选200:1-3:1。
此外,本发明涉及一种防治植物病原性真菌和/或不希望的植物生长和/或不希望的昆虫或螨虫侵袭和/或调节植物生长的方法,其中使本发明浓缩物或本发明乳液作用于相应有害物、其环境或待防止相应有害物的农作物、土壤和/或不希望的植物和/或农作物和/或其环境。通常将人类和动物的治疗性处理排除在该防治植物病原性真菌和/或不希望的植物生长和/或不希望的昆虫或螨虫侵袭和/或调节植物生长的方法之外。
当用于作物保护中时,该农药的施用率取决于所需效果的性质为0.001-2kg/ha,优选0.005-2kg/ha,尤其优选0.05-0.9kg/ha,尤其0.1-0.75kg/ha。在植物繁殖材料如种子例如通过撒粉、包衣或浸透种子的处理中,通常要求活性物质的量为0.1-1000g/100kg,优选1-1000g/100kg,更优选1-100g/100kg,最优选5-100g/100kg植物繁殖材料(优选种子)。当用于保护材料或储存产品中时,活性物质的施用量取决于施用区域的种类和所需效果。在材料保护中常用的施用量例如为0.001g-2kg,优选0.005g-1kg活性物质/立方米被处理材料。
可以向该乳液中以预混物形式加入或者任选在紧临使用前加入(桶混合)各种类型的油、润湿剂、辅助剂、肥料或微营养素和其他农药(例如除草剂、杀虫剂、杀真菌剂、生长调节剂、安全剂)。这些试剂可以以1:100-100:1,优选1:10-10:1的重量比与本发明组合物混合。
用户通常将本发明组合物由前剂量装置、小背包喷雾器、喷雾罐、喷雾飞机或灌溉系统施用。通常将该农业化学组合物用水、缓冲剂和/或其他助剂配制至所需施用浓度,从而得到即用喷雾液或本发明农业化学组合物。每公顷农业利用区通常施用20-2000升,优选50-400升即用喷雾液。
本发明的优点尤其是该浓缩物对低温(例如甚至低于0℃)高度稳定;在低温(例如甚至低于0℃)下该农药在该浓缩物中不沉淀、分层或结晶;例如在低温(例如甚至低于0℃)下该农药在由该浓缩物得到的乳液中不沉淀、分层或结晶;在该浓缩物中可以使用高农药浓度;在用水稀释该浓缩物时自发形成乳液;该农药可以储存延长的时间期限;该浓缩物不要求存在水(例如因为它可能在0℃以下凝固或者在储存过程中有利于细菌生长);该浓缩物在用水稀释时形成稳定乳液;辅助剂(如醇烷氧基化物)可以引入该浓缩物配制剂中,例如甚至以高浓度引入;例如在低温下或当用硬水稀释时该农药在由该浓缩物得到的乳液中不堵塞任何喷雾过滤器或喷嘴。
下列实施例说明本发明而不施加任何限制。
实施例
农药A:2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇
乳酰胺A:N,N-二甲基乳酰胺
脂肪酰胺A:N,N-二甲基癸酰胺
烃:芳族烃混合物,蒸馏范围235–300℃,冻点在-5℃以下,芳族化合物含量约99重量%。
NS1:液体水溶性非离子表面活性剂乙氧基化蓖麻油
NS2:水溶性非离子表面活性剂,液体烷氧基化脂肪醇,表面张力(1g/L,23℃)为约30mN/m。
NS3:非离子表面活性剂,液体乙氧基化和丙氧基化醇,凝固点为约-7℃,动态粘度(23℃)为约120mPas。
NS4:非离子表面活性剂,液体乙氧基化多烷基芳基苯酚,HLB为12-13。NS5:非离子表面活性剂,乙氧基化蓖麻油。
AS1:阴离子表面活性剂烷基苯磺酸钙
AS2:阴离子表面活性剂,烃溶剂中的40重量%异C12烷基苯磺酸钙盐聚合物A:通过自由基聚合制备的共聚物,包含38重量%乙烯基吡咯烷酮、29重量%甲基丙烯酸甲酯、20重量%丙烯酸叔丁酯、3重量%甲基丙烯酸和10重量%C16/18烷基封端的聚乙二醇(25EO)甲基丙烯酸酯的单体混合物。
实施例1
农药A(各自100g/L)的可乳化浓缩物通过混合如表1中所示的各组分(其中各组合物含有10g/LAS1和40g/LNS1)并用脂肪酰胺A填充至1,0L的总体积制备。各组合物为清澈溶液并概括在表1中。
表1:组合物(所有数据以g/L计)
A | B | C | D | E | |
NS3 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 200 | 150 |
NS2 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 50 | 50 |
乳酰胺A | 50 | 50 | 100 | 50 | 50 |
聚合物A | 75 | 50 | 50 | 100 | 100 |
烃 | 200 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
活性物溶解性 | 溶解 | 溶解 | 溶解 | 溶解 | 溶解 |
应用 | 畅通 | 畅通 | 畅通 | 畅通 | 畅通 |
冷稳定性 | 稳定 | 稳定 | 稳定 | 稳定 | 稳定 |
“冷稳定性”测试
将1升各自制备的EC配制剂置于-10℃的冷冻室中。在冷冻室中储存3天后,将各配制剂种有相应农药晶体(小于0.1g/L)。在种晶后12天,观测样品的农药结晶。不显示出加入种晶以外的任何晶体的样品被标记为“稳定”。显示出加入种晶以外的晶体的样品被标记为“结晶”。
“活性物溶解性”测试
将1升各配制剂在制备后在室温下储存4小时。将各配制剂种有相应农药晶体(小于0.1g/L)。在种晶后24小时,观测样品的结晶。不显示出加入种晶以外的任何晶体的样品被标记为“溶解”。显示出加入种晶以外的晶体的样品被标记为“结晶”。
“应用”测试
使用下列测试来研究可乳化浓缩物在稀释至可喷雾浓缩之后是否可用于标准喷雾器而不堵塞喷雾机器的过滤器或喷嘴。
该测试机器为具有195L罐、四活塞式膜泵(3巴压力)和带有6个标准喷嘴(类型:LU90-03)的喷杆的液压喷雾器。所用喷嘴过滤器为4个筛网过滤器(25、50、60和80目),一个具有整体式密封的60目筛网过滤器和一个25目狭缝过滤器。吸滤器和压滤器各自为50目筛网过滤器。
首先向该罐中填充75L水,然后填充1L可乳化浓缩物。将该混合物用活塞泵(搅拌强度:约45L/min)混合,然后向该罐中填充另外75L水。在将产品混合物泵送循环120分钟(搅拌5强度:约45L/min)之后,将喷雾溶液通过喷嘴由该罐喷出。在该测试过程中,该罐中喷雾混合物的温度保持恒定为5-10℃以模拟冷井水。输送测试重复4次,其中每次施用之间不清洁仪器。
在循环120分钟之后,将最后一次填充(4th)在无搅拌下留置在罐中额外16小时。在静置时间之后,将混合物再循环30分钟并然后喷雾。
在该程序结束之后,检查在泵之前和下游的过滤器(吸滤器10和压滤器)和在喷嘴中的过滤器(喷嘴过滤器)的残留物。
在表中,“堵塞”是指至少一个过滤器(吸滤器、压滤器或喷嘴过滤器)出现显著阻塞,导致流量降低或堵塞。在该表中的“畅通”是指未发现显著阻塞,且“-”表示样品未测试。
实施例2:
农药A(各自100g/L)的可乳化浓缩物通过混合如表2中所示的各组分(其中各组合物含有10g/l AS1、40g/l NS1、50g/l NS2、200g/l NS3和100g/l聚合物A)而制备。样品D对应于实施例1的样品D。如实施例1所述测试样品的“活性物溶解性”、“应用”和“冷稳定性”。
表2:组合物(所有数据以g/L计)
D | 组分A <sup>a)</sup> | 组分B <sup>a)</sup> | 组分C <sup>a)</sup> | |
乳酰胺A | 50 | – | 加至1.0L | 50 |
脂肪酰胺A | 加至1.0L | 加至1.0L | – | _ |
烃 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 加至1.0L |
活性物溶解性 | 溶解 | 溶解 | 溶解 | 结晶 |
应用 | 畅通 | 畅通 | 堵塞 | – |
冷稳定性 | 稳定 | 结晶 | 稳定 | – |
a)非本发明
实施例3
农药A(各自100g/L)、氟唑菌酰胺(fluxapyroxad)(各自50g/l)和唑菌胺酯(pyraclostrobin)(各自100g/l)的可乳化浓缩物通过混合如表3中所示的各组分(其中各组合物含有10g/l AS1和40g/l NS1)而制备。如实施例1所述测试样品的“活性物溶解性”、“应用”和“冷稳定性”。
表3:组合物(所有数据以g/L计)
A | 组分A<sup>a)</sup> | 组分B<sup>a)</sup> | |
NS3 | 150 | 150 | 150 |
NS2 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
乳酰胺A | 50 | – | 50 |
脂肪酰胺A | 加至1.0L | 加至1.0L | – |
烃 | 100 | 100 | 加至1.0L |
活性物溶解性 | 溶解 | 溶解 | 结晶 |
应用 | 畅通 | 畅通 | – |
冷稳定性 | 稳定 | 结晶 | – |
a)非本发明
实施例4
氟唑菌酰胺(fluxapyroxad)(各自30g/l)、唑菌胺酯(pyraclostrobin)(各自200g/l)和丙环唑(propiconazole)(各自125g/l)的可乳化浓缩物通过混合如表4中所示的各组分并用烃填充至1,0L的总体积制备。如实施例1所述测试样品的“活性物溶解性”、“应用”和“冷稳定性”。
表4:组合物(所有数据以g/L计)
实施例5
氟唑菌酰胺(fluxapyroxad)(各自67g/l)、唑菌胺酯(pyraclostrobin)(各自133g/l)和醚唑(difenoconazole)(各自100g/l)的可乳化浓缩物通过混合如表5中所示的各组分制备。如实施例1所述测试样品的“活性物溶解性”、“应用”和“冷稳定性”。
表5:组合物(所有数据以g/L计)
A | B | |
乳酰胺A | 50 | 50 |
脂肪酰胺A | 200 | 加至1.0L |
烃 | 加至1.0L | 150 |
聚合物A | – | 75 |
NS2 | – | 200 |
NS3 | 200 | – |
NS4 | 50 | 30 |
NS5 | – | 40 |
AS2 | 50 | – |
应用 | 畅通 | 畅通 |
冷稳定性 | 稳定 | 稳定 |
活性物溶解性 | 溶解 | 溶解 |
实施例6
农药A(各自100g/l)和丙环唑(propiconazole)(各自125g/l)的可乳化浓缩物通过混合如表6中所示的各组分并用烃填充至1,0L的总体积制备。如实施例1所述测试样品的“活性物溶解性”、“应用”和“冷稳定性”。
表6:组合物(所有数据以g/L计)
A | |
乳酰胺A | 50 |
脂肪酰胺A | 150 |
NS1 | 40 |
NS3 | 200 |
AS1 | 10 |
应用 | 畅通 |
冷稳定性 | 稳定 |
活性物溶解性 | 溶解 |
实施例7
氟唑菌酰胺(fluxapyroxad)(40g/l)、唑菌胺酯(pyraclostrobin)(266,6g/l)和丙环唑(propiconazole)(166,6g/l)的可乳化浓缩物通过混合如表7中所示的各组分和75g/l聚合物A并用烃填充至1,0L的总体积制备。组成概括于表7中。如实施例1所述测试样品的“应用”和“冷稳定性”。
表7:组合物(所有数据以g/L计)
A | |
NS2 | 200 |
NS4 | 30 |
NS5 | 40 |
乳酰胺A | 50 |
脂肪酰胺A | 175 |
应用 | 畅通 |
冷稳定性 | 稳定 |
实施例8
氟唑菌酰胺(fluxapyroxad)(60g/l)、醚唑(difenoconazole)(250g/l)和丙环唑(propiconazole)(250g/l)的可乳化浓缩物通过混合各组分并用烃填充至1,0L的总体积制备。组成概括于表8中。如实施例1所述测试样品的“应用”和“冷稳定性”。
表8:组合物(所有数据以g/L计)
A | |
NS2 | 50 |
NS4 | 30 |
NS5 | 40 |
乳酰胺A | 50 |
脂肪酰胺A | 150 |
应用 | 畅通 |
冷稳定性 | 稳定 |
Claims (33)
1.一种可乳化浓缩物,包含水不溶性农药、式(I)的酰胺和式(II)的乳酰胺
R1-C(O)N(R2)2 (I)
其中R1为C7-C14烷基且R2为甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基或其混合物;
H3C-CH(OH)-C(O)N(R3)2 (II)
其中R3为甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基或其混合物,
其中所述农药在25℃下以不大于1g/L溶于水中,以及
其中所述浓缩物包含10-75重量%的式(I)的酰胺,和1-30重量%的式(II)的乳酰胺。
2.根据权利要求1的浓缩物,其包含15-65重量%的式(I)的酰胺。
3.根据权利要求1的浓缩物,其中R1为线性C8-C14烷基。
4.根据权利要求2的浓缩物,其中R1为线性C7-C13烷基。
5.根据权利要求1的浓缩物,其中式(I)中的R2为甲基。
6.根据权利要求2的浓缩物,其中式(I)中的R2为甲基。
7.根据权利要求3的浓缩物,其中式(I)中的R2为甲基。
8.根据权利要求4的浓缩物,其中式(I)中的R2为甲基。
9.根据权利要求1的浓缩物,其包含3-20重量%的式(II)的乳酰胺。
10.根据权利要求2的浓缩物,其包含3-20重量%的式(II)的乳酰胺。
11.根据权利要求3的浓缩物,其包含3-20重量%的式(II)的乳酰胺。
12.根据权利要求4的浓缩物,其包含3-20重量%的式(II)的乳酰胺。
13.根据权利要求5的浓缩物,其包含3-20重量%的式(II)的乳酰胺。
14.根据权利要求6的浓缩物,其包含3-20重量%的式(II)的乳酰胺。
15.根据权利要求7的浓缩物,其包含3-20重量%的式(II)的乳酰胺。
16.根据权利要求8的浓缩物,其包含3-20重量%的式(II)的乳酰胺。
17.根据权利要求1-16中任一项的浓缩物,其中式(II)中的R3为甲基。
18.根据权利要求1-16中任一项的浓缩物,其进一步包含烃。
19.根据权利要求18的浓缩物,其包含2-45重量%烃。
20.根据权利要求1-16中任一项的浓缩物,其中式(I)的酰胺与式(II)的乳酰胺的重量比为1:2-15:1。
21.根据权利要求20的浓缩物,其中式(I)的酰胺与式(II)的乳酰胺的重量比为1:1-13:1。
22.根据权利要求21的浓缩物,其中式(I)的酰胺与式(II)的乳酰胺的重量比为2:1-11:1。
23.根据权利要求1-16中任一项的浓缩物,其包含15-65重量%式(I)的酰胺、1-30重量%式(II)的乳酰胺和任选地5-40重量%烃,其中这些组分的量加起来总共为16-90重量%。
24.根据权利要求1-16中任一项的浓缩物,其包含20-60重量%式(I)的酰胺、1-25重量%式(I)的乳酰胺和任选地3-35重量%烃,其中这些组分的量加起来为总共21-75重量%。
25.根据权利要求1-16中任一项的浓缩物,其包含25-50重量%式(I)的酰胺、3-15重量%式(I)的乳酰胺和任选地7-25重量%烃,其中这些组分的量加起来为总共28-70重量%。
26.根据权利要求1-16中任一项的浓缩物,其中所述水不溶性农药选自三唑化合物I-1至I-31:
化合物I-1 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-3-炔-2-醇;
化合物I-2 1-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-环丙基-2-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)乙醇;
化合物I-3 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇;
化合物I-4 1-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-环丙基-2-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)乙醇;
化合物I-5 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-3-甲基-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇;
化合物I-6 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-戊-3-炔基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-7 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇;
化合物I-8 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-环丙基-2-甲氧基-乙基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-9 1-[2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-丙基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-10 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-3,3-二甲基-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇;
化合物I-11 1-[2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-环丙基-2-甲氧基-乙基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-12 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-3,3-二甲基-丁基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-13 1-[2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-丁基]1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-14 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-3-炔-2-醇;
化合物I-15 1-[2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-戊-3-炔基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-16 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-3-炔-2-醇;
化合物I-17 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇;
化合物I-18 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氟苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇;
化合物I-19 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-3-甲基-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇;
化合物I-20 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-丙基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-21 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-丁基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-22 1-[2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-2-甲氧基-戊基]-1,2,4-三唑;
化合物I-23 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1,1,1-三氟-3-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇;
化合物I-24 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-3-氟-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇盐酸盐;
化合物I-252-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-4-炔-2-醇;
化合物I-262-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-甲氧基-3-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇;
化合物I-272-[2-氯-4-(4-氟苯氧基)苯基]-1-甲氧基-3-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇;
化合物I-282-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-2-醇;
化合物I-292-[4-(4-氟苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇;
化合物I-302-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇;和化合物I-312-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-2-醇。
27.根据权利要求26的浓缩物,其中所述水不溶性农药选自三唑化合物I-1、I-2、I-3、I-4、I-5、I-14和I-19。
29.根据权利要求1-16中任一项的浓缩物,其中所述水不溶性农药包含氟唑菌酰胺(fluxapyroxad)、醚唑(difenoconazole)和丙环唑(propiconazole)。
31.一种通过混合水不溶性农药、式(I)的酰胺、式(II)的乳酰胺和任选地,烃制备根据权利要求1-29中任一项的浓缩物的方法。
32.一种可以通过混合水和如权利要求1-29中任一项所定义的可乳化浓缩物得到的乳液。
33.一种防治植物病原性真菌和/或不希望的植物生长和/或不希望的昆虫或螨虫侵袭和/或调节植物生长的非治疗方法,其中使根据权利要求1-30中任一项的浓缩物或根据权利要求32的乳液作用于相应有害物、其环境或待防止相应有害物的农作物、土壤和/或不希望的植物和/或农作物和/或其环境。
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- 2015-02-10 EP EP15704994.1A patent/EP3104700B1/en active Active
- 2015-02-10 CA CA2938771A patent/CA2938771C/en active Active
- 2015-02-10 CN CN201580019515.9A patent/CN106170205B/zh active Active
- 2015-02-10 WO PCT/EP2015/052695 patent/WO2015121219A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-02-10 RU RU2016136701A patent/RU2688819C2/ru active
- 2015-02-10 US US15/118,718 patent/US10383334B2/en active Active
- 2015-02-10 UA UAA201609436A patent/UA118214C2/uk unknown
- 2015-02-10 BR BR112016018522-6A patent/BR112016018522B1/pt active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2938771A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
PL3104700T3 (pl) | 2019-03-29 |
RU2016136701A3 (zh) | 2018-06-06 |
RU2016136701A (ru) | 2018-03-19 |
WO2015121219A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
US10383334B2 (en) | 2019-08-20 |
BR112016018522B1 (pt) | 2021-05-18 |
BR112016018522A2 (pt) | 2017-08-08 |
EP3104700A1 (en) | 2016-12-21 |
CA2938771C (en) | 2022-11-29 |
UA118214C2 (uk) | 2018-12-10 |
EP3104700B1 (en) | 2018-09-26 |
US20170064959A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 |
CN106170205A (zh) | 2016-11-30 |
RU2688819C2 (ru) | 2019-05-22 |
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