CN106169315A - A kind of field medical X-ray protective device and use the means of defence of this device - Google Patents
A kind of field medical X-ray protective device and use the means of defence of this device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106169315A CN106169315A CN201610762393.9A CN201610762393A CN106169315A CN 106169315 A CN106169315 A CN 106169315A CN 201610762393 A CN201610762393 A CN 201610762393A CN 106169315 A CN106169315 A CN 106169315A
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000233855 Orchidaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 206010057071 Rectal tenesmus Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000012271 tenesmus Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 101100188554 Arabidopsis thaliana OCT5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 231100000987 absorbed dose Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011976 chest X-ray Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F3/00—Shielding characterised by its physical form, e.g. granules, or shape of the material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/04—Positioning of patients; Tiltable beds or the like
- A61B6/0407—Supports, e.g. tables or beds, for the body or parts of the body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/10—Safety means specially adapted therefor
- A61B6/107—Protection against radiation, e.g. shielding
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of field medical X-ray protective device and uses the means of defence of this device, this device is applicable to tent for field fights hospital and field emergency rescue station, including diagnostic bed, protective stent, breast photograph shelf, protective lead curtain, lead sheet and protective housing, protective stent lower end is respectively supported on breast photograph shelf and diagnostic bed, and protective lead curtain is hung on four cross bars of protective stent by lead curtain.Apparatus of the present invention are installed by breast photograph shelf, diagnostic bed, the Rapid Combination of protective stent, and hang laying lead sheet formation local confined space on protective lead curtain, diagnostic bed on protective stent, it is achieved the protection in the range of vertical position, clinostatism x-ray bombardment；Use folding long transverse lever and vertical rod, put into protective housing after protective stent, protective lead curtain and alarming sign dismounting, it is simple to carrying；This apparatus structure is simple, easy to assembly, draws the little light weight of box volume, and low cost in, is particularly well-suited to on-fixed medical space, provides necessary X-ray protection for x-ray shooting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to x-ray protection device and method, be specifically related to one and be applicable to tent for field fights hospital, field emergency
The x-ray protection device of the on-fixed medical spaces such as rescue station and use the means of defence of this device.
Background technology
Currently using X-ray production apparatus to patient in on-fixed medical spaces such as field operations tent hospital, field emergency rescue stations
When carrying out film making inspection, medical personnel typically use Wearable and protected type to carry out x-ray radiation protection.Wearable has lead protection
The lead rubber protective sleeves such as cap, wardrobe for lead protective clothes, lead protection apron, this mode can only protect individuality, is not suitable for colony's protection, and
Weight compared with big, protection effect is undesirable；Protected type has lead screen, lead curtain etc., this mode have volume and weight relatively big,
Put the problems such as the mobile inconvenience of installation.
Authorization Notice No. is the utility model patent other machine band power-assisted liter of open a kind of medical X-ray bed of CN201831902U
Fall Collapsible movable preventer, this device includes four universal caster wheels, entablature, middle cross beam, sill, leading screw, an opposition
Post, a pair lifting column, bevel gear group, crank handle, nut and connecting rod, described column is equipped with universal caster wheel.This device root
During according to the height of the height adjustment lifting column of medical X-ray bed other machine, only need to hold the handle on crank handwheel clockwise
Shake, lifting column is just raised above with cutting means enclosure, otherwise just declines, but there is also following deficiency in actual applications: should
Device is applicable to clinostatism, inapplicable vertical position, limits its range；Height adjustment according to the other machine of medical X-ray bed raises
During column, bottom easily leaks, and protection effect is limited；This apparatus structure and installation are the most more complicated, volume when drawing vanning transport in
Big quality weight, and cost is high, is not suitable for rapid deployment and the medical applications of gathering during field emergency rescue.
At present, X-ray protection mainly has three kinds of approach: protection of time, distance protection and shielding protection.Generally in radiation field
The irradiated accumulated dose of personnel be directly proportional to the time, due to objective factor restriction (especially for medical personnel come
Say), this protection approaches has significant limitation；Distance protection is characterized by and increases human body and radiogenic distance as far as possible, right
During in the place of narrow field or in view of the problem such as wounded's convenient in carrying, this protection approaches also has limitation；Shielding
Protect and by shielding material, the effective of ray is absorbed, thus reach to protect purpose.In terms of current research conditions, X-ray is prevented
The research emphasis protected is shielding protection based on preventer.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above, the present invention provide a kind of simple in construction, low cost, reliable operation be applicable to field operations account
The field medical X-ray protective device of the on-fixed medical spaces such as paulin hospital, field emergency rescue station, this device is the most on-the-spot
During expansion easy for installation quickly and meet radiation protection requirement when X-ray stands position and clinostatism diagnosis, body when drawing vanning transport in
Amass little light weight, load and unload time saving and energy saving, transport good anti-vibration.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is realized by techniques below scheme:
A kind of field medical X-ray protective device, it is adaptable to X-ray in tent for field fights hospital and field emergency rescue station
The X-ray of machine is protected, and including diagnostic bed, protective stent, breast photograph shelf, protective lead curtain and lead sheet, protective stent lower end is divided
Not being supported on breast photograph shelf and diagnostic bed, protective lead curtain hangs on four cross bars of protective stent by lead curtain, lead sheet
Being layered on diagnostic bed, X-ray production apparatus is positioned at the side of diagnostic bed, and it is close that the head of X-ray production apparatus stretches into the local that protective lead curtain formed
Close in space.
In the medical X-ray protective device of above-mentioned field, described breast photograph shelf has included supporting the base member case of load-bearing effect, fixing
Well cabinet frame in base member case, for supporting the support bar of well cabinet frame, being fixed on the extension rod on well cabinet frame top and be fixed on
Sheet carriage on extension rod, a flat panel detector is placed in before sheet carriage；Base member case has the flat casing of cavity in being, internal
Lay NPE polyethylene film resin shaping material.
In the medical X-ray protective device of above-mentioned field, described diagnostic bed includes bed body and bedstead, and bed body is hinged
Two folding structures, two parts bed body that bed body is split by hinge, the i.e. first bed body and the second bed body；Bedstead is the knot supporting bed body
Structure, including left bed leg, right footpost, left support bar and right support bar；Wherein, hasp, left bed leg and the right side it are provided with in the middle part of the first bed body
Footpost is fixed on two ends bottom the first bed body by a footpost fixture is rotating respectively, and left bed leg is relative to the bottom of bed body
The scope that rotates clockwise is for more than 90 ° and less than 100 °, and right footpost rotates counterclockwise scope for being more than relative to the bottom of bed body
90 ° and less than 100 °；Left support bar and right support bar are two-part folding rod, and left support bar one end is by a support bar fixture
The rotating bottom being fixed on the first bed body, the other end is placed in the groove of left bed leg bottom；Right support bar one end is by one
Stay fastener is fixed on the bottom of the first bed body, and the other end is placed in the groove of right footpost bottom；Second bed body with first
Body structure is identical, and two parts bed structure is symmetrical arranged.
In the medical X-ray protective device of above-mentioned field, described protective stent include being fixed on breast photograph shelf upper end fixing bar,
Two vertical rods being fixed on diagnostic bed, the first hyphen bar being fixed on fixing bar, the second hyphen bar of being fixed in vertical rod
And it is individually fixed in the first hyphen bar and first long transverse lever at the second hyphen bar two ends and the second long transverse lever.
In the medical X-ray protective device of above-mentioned field, the lower end of described two vertical rods is fixed by a blue assembly of card respectively
In the side of the bed board of diagnostic bed, described card orchid assembly include U-shaped structure fastener, be fixed on fastener lower wall retention mechanism,
The fixture being fixed on fastener upper wall and the locating piece being fixed on fixture, the fastener of the blue assembly of card is from the side card of bed board
Enter, tighten fixed mechanism and fastener is fixed on bed board limit, in the middle part of locating piece, be provided with mate with vertical rod shape size square convex
Platform, the lower end of vertical rod is inserted in the square boss in locating piece fixing.
In the medical X-ray protective device of above-mentioned field, described fixing bar is fixed on the upper end of described breast photograph shelf, including upper company
Connecing block, lower connecting block and the connecting rod being connected between contiguous block and lower connecting block, lower connecting block is rectangular blocks, if
Being equipped with two circular holes, connecting rod lower end is stretched in a circular hole and is fixed connecting rod lower end from side screw, another circle
Hole for being fixed on the upper end of the rabat plate vertical rod of breast photograph shelf by fixing bar；Upper contiguous block is rectangular blocks, and side is provided with circle
Hole is used for fixed connecting rod, and opposite side has dug rectangular recess and filled the first hyphen bar in order to card, and the side of this groove is provided with location
Pin, the first hyphen bar is respectively equipped with the locating slot corresponding with alignment pin.
In the medical X-ray protective device of above-mentioned field, the first long transverse lever and the second long transverse lever are four identical foldable structures,
Including the body of rod and the single connection head being fixed on body of rod two ends, the body of rod being provided with three groups of hinge components, adjacent hinge component exists
Horizontal direction folding direction is contrary；Vertical rod is three foldable structures, and every vertical rod arranges two groups of hinge components, two groups of hinge components
In the plane at the second hyphen bar place, folding direction is contrary.
In the medical X-ray protective device of above-mentioned field, hinge component be from two interlaced with the hinged machine of dentation
Structure forms, two linkwork interlaced arrangement, and one end uses rotating shaft to be worn together, and two linkworks rotate around the axis；Two
The other end of hinged machine hook is individually fixed on the body of rod.
In the medical X-ray protective device of above-mentioned field, described protective lead curtain is mounted on protective stent by lead curtain
On four cross bars, four cross bars are hollow structure, are disposed with sliding-way section inside cross bar, and track pulley loads sliding-way section
In, track pulley is connected with being connected ring by connector, and lead curtain hangs over the bottom connecting ring；Lead curtain hook is serpentine
Hook, is respectively provided with a gear pin at both ends open.
In the medical X-ray protective device of above-mentioned field, the first long transverse lever and the second long transverse lever respectively hang three secondary lead equivalents and are
The protective lead curtain of 0.25mmPb, and be positioned at the protective lead curtain base at diagnostic bed position and engage with bed surface, every width protective lead
Fixed by velcro between curtain；First hyphen bar hangs the protective lead curtain that a width lead equivalent is 0.5mmPb, protective lead curtain
Bottom arranges two gap in the position at the support bar place of breast photograph shelf, and the support bar of breast photograph shelf is each passed through two gap and stretches
Going out, each gap is interval with two velcros；Second hyphen bar hangs the protective lead curtain that two width lead equivalents are 0.25mmPb,
The head of X-ray production apparatus stretches between two width lead curtains, uses multiple velcro to fix between two secondary protective lead curtains；The bed of diagnostic bed
The lead equivalent of the lead sheet laid on plate is 0.10mmPb.
Above-mentioned field medical X-ray protective device also include one for receive described protective stent parts, protective lead curtain and
The protective housing of lead sheet, described protective housing includes upper cover that casing and casing be articulated and connected, for by fixing to upper cover and casing
Multiple snap closes, the vibration damping sponge being positioned in casing and the handle being installed on casing both sides, the vibration damping sponge arranged in casing
It is provided with the vibration damping matched with protective stent member profile and fixes groove；The protective lead curtain and lead bed folded is placed on casing top
Single.
The present invention also provides for a kind of X-ray protection method, and the method is suitable for above-mentioned field medical X-ray protective device and carries out
Shielding protection, comprises the following steps:
The first step, according to medical procedures process requirements and the X-radiation safety requirements of tent for field fights hospital, by X-ray
Tent is arranged on a jiao of tent for field fights hospital area, and in X-ray tent front and back end, above the fold arranges X-ray operation warning-sign
Will；
Second step, arranges the field medical X-ray protection dress described in any one of claim 1 to 11 in X-ray tent
Put, in x-ray radiation source is placed in described device and be positioned at the centre position of X-ray tent；
3rd step, according to the layout scenarios of tent for field fights hospital, estimation X-ray testing staff, medical personnel and other
The related personnel such as medical personnel and the public is because of normal medical operation and occurs in inside and outside X-ray tent during seeking medical advice and periphery
Position, probability and the time of staying, according to above-mentioned factor inside and outside X-ray tent, surrounding arranges test point, and measures described inspection
The measuring point distance away from x-ray radiation source, distance and the probability of estimation, time data and tent for field fights hospital according to measuring are joined
Vertical position needed for the X-ray production apparatus power put, radiodiagnosis and the workload of clinostatism film making, all kinds of personnel of described test point
On the premise of the X-ray radiation dosage suffered meets relevant radiation protection safety limit standard-required, calculate field medical X and penetrate
Lead equivalent needed for the protective lead curtain of line preventer, blocks X with the described protective lead curtain being not less than calculated lead equivalent and penetrates
The surrounding in beta radiation source.
Above-mentioned X-ray protection method also include detection and set-up procedure, this step be inside and outside described X-ray tent,
Periphery arranges test point, and under particular radiation intensity, whether the X-ray radiation dosage detecting each test point meets radiation protection peace
Full standard limit requirement, to verify that the lead equivalent of field medical X-ray protective device protective lead curtain is protected under this apparatus structure
Whether the local closed structure that lead curtain is constituted meets actual requirement of shelter；If some test point is unsatisfactory for X-radiation agent
Amount safety limit requirement, analysis is leakage problem or the little problem of protective lead curtain lead equivalent value；If leakage problem, improve
Locally closed structure；If lead equivalent value is little, then increase the lead equivalent value of corresponding protective lead curtain, until this test point meets X and penetrates
Till beta radiation dosage safety limit value requires.
The present invention uses technique scheme, obtains techniques below effect: apparatus of the present invention by breast photograph shelf, diagnostic bed,
The Rapid Combination of protective stent is installed, and hangs laying lead sheet formation local on protective lead curtain, diagnostic bed on protective stent
Confined space, it is achieved the protection in the range of vertical position, clinostatism x-ray bombardment；Use folding long transverse lever and vertical rod, protection
Frame, protective lead curtain and warning put into protective housing after indicating dismounting, it is simple to carrying；This apparatus structure is simple, easy to assembly, draws in
The little light weight of box volume, and low cost, be particularly well-suited to the on-fixed medical treatment field such as field tent hospital, field emergency rescue station
Institute.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the perspective view after apparatus of the present invention remove protective lead curtain；
Fig. 3 is X-ray production apparatus application schematic diagram when clinostatism irradiates；
Fig. 4 is track pulley and the cooperation scheme of installation of lead curtain hook；
Fig. 5 is schematic diagram during hinge component duty；
Fig. 6 is schematic diagram during hinge component folded state；
Fig. 7 is the perspective view of fixing bar；
Fig. 8 is the perspective view of the blue assembly of card；
Fig. 9 is the outside drawing of protective housing；
Figure 10 is the decomposing schematic representation of protective housing；
Figure 11 is the perspective view of the first hyphen bar；
Figure 12 is the perspective view of the second hyphen bar；
Figure 13 is the structural representation of diagnostic bed；
Figure 14 is outside X-ray tent and the position relationship schematic diagram of tent hospital；
Figure 15 is the distance protection schematic diagram of X-ray tent.
In figure, reference is expressed as:
1: diagnostic bed, 11: bed body, 12: hinge, 13: hasp, 14: left bed leg, 15: right footpost, 16: left support bar, 17:
Right support bar, 18: footpost fixture, 19: support bar fixture；
2: protective stent, 21: the first long transverse levers, 22: the second long transverse levers, 23: the first hyphen bars, 231: the body of rod, 232: fixed
Position groove, 233: single connection head；24: the second hyphen bars, 241: the body of rod, 242: doubly-linked joint；25: vertical rod, 26: fixing bar, 261:
Upper contiguous block, 262: connecting rod, 263: lower connecting block；
3: breast photograph shelf, 31: sheet carriage, 32: well cabinet frame, 33: support bar, 34: base member case, 35: extension rod；
4: protective lead curtain；
5: lead sheet；
00: hinge component, 001: rotating shaft, 002: linkwork, 003: pin；
01: track pulley；
02: lead curtain is linked up with；03: gear pin；06: sliding-way section；07: connector, 08: connect ring；
04: the blue assembly of card, 041: fastener, 042: retention mechanism, 043: fixture, 044: locating piece；
05,06: alignment pin；
7:X radiography unit, 71: head, 72: frame, 73: cabinet, 74: support and take turns, 75: operation monitoring screen；
8: protective housing, 81: casing, 82: upper cover, 83: snap close, 84: vibration damping sponge, 85: handle.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, to the field medical X-ray protective device of the present invention and use this device
Means of defence be described in detail.
Field medical X-ray protective device
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, for the stereochemical structure example under apparatus of the present invention use state.The field medical X of the present invention
Radiation protector includes that diagnostic bed 1, protective stent 2, breast photograph shelf 3, protective lead curtain 4, lead sheet 5 and protective housing 8 are (with reference to figure
9), protective stent 2 lower end is supported on breast photograph shelf 3 and diagnostic bed 1, and protective lead curtain 4 hangs over protective stent 2 by lead curtain hook 02
Four cross bars on, lead sheet 5 is layered on diagnostic bed 1, and X-ray production apparatus 7 is positioned at the side of diagnostic bed 1, the head 71 of X-ray production apparatus 7
Stretching in the local confined space that protective lead curtain 4 formed the region of interest to patient body to be irradiated, X-ray is by protective lead
Curtain 4 shields so that the radiation dose of the other staff being irradiated to surrounding effectively reduces；It is respectively put into anti-after protective stent 2 dismounting
Protecting box 8 bottom, protective lead curtain 4 and lead sheet 5 are positioned over the top of protective housing 8 after folding, it is simple to carrying.
Wherein, as shown in Fig. 2 and Figure 13, diagnostic bed 1 is for patient's clinostatism x-ray bombardment, and including bed body 11, bed body 11 is
Hinged two folding structures, hinge 12 two parts bed body split, the i.e. first bed body and the second bed body；In first bed body
Portion is provided with hasp 13, and two ends, downside are separately installed with left bed leg 14 and right footpost 15, left bed leg 14 and right footpost 15 and pass through respectively
One footpost fixture 18 is rotating to be fixed on bottom the first bed body, and wherein, left bed leg 14 is relative to the bottom up time of bed body 11
Pin slewing area is more than 90 °, and less than 100 ° (preferably 97 °), right footpost 15 turns counterclockwise relative to the bottom of bed body 11
Dynamic scope is more than 90 °, less than 100 ° (preferably 97 °)；Left support bar 16 and right support bar 17 are all two-part folding rod, left
Support bar 16 one end is by the rotating bottom being fixed on the first bed body of support bar fixture 19, and the other end is placed in left bed leg 14
In the groove of bottom, act the effect supporting left bed leg 14；In like manner, right support bar 17 one end is fixed on by support bar fixture 19
The bottom of one bed body, the other end is placed in the groove of right footpost 15 bottom, plays the effect of supports right footpost 15.Second bed body and the
One bed structure is identical, and two parts bed structure is symmetrical arranged.
During use, the upper surface of bed body 11 being equipped with lead sheet 5, it is anti-by overflowing that minimizing is irradiated to X-ray on bed board 11
The amount of radiation of directive surrounding diffusion；Patient directly can lie and carry out x-ray bombardment in bed body 11, it is also possible to lie on stretcher,
Stretcher is placed directly in bed body 11, so can move the irradiation position of patient by adjusting the position of stretcher；Do not use
Time, by the left support bar 16 of diagnostic bed 1 and right support bar 17 respectively with two sections of bar junction points for fulcrum to left bed leg 14 and right bed
The folded inside of lower limb 15；Left bed leg 14 and right footpost 15 bed body 11 bottom direction to inner side folds；Last first bed body and
Two bed body are folded to form flat casing towards direction, bottom surface, are fastened by hasp 13, and this structure is easy to carrying, occupies little space.
Irradiate as in figure 2 it is shown, breast photograph shelf 3 founds position chest X-ray for patient, including acting the base member case supporting load-bearing effect
34, the well cabinet frame 32 that is fixed in base member case 34, for supporting the support bar 33 of well cabinet frame, being fixed on prolonging of well cabinet frame 32 top
Stock 35 and the sheet carriage being fixed on extension rod 35, a flat panel detector is placed in before sheet carriage, carries out x-ray bombardment
Time, chest, in base member case 34, is pressed close to flat panel detector by patient stand.Base member case 34 has the flat case of cavity in being
Body, the shaping material such as laid inside NPE polyethylene film resin, it is loaded on base member case 34 after each building block dismounting of breast photograph shelf 3
In, it is simple to carrying.
Protective stent 2 is with breast photograph shelf 3 and diagnostic bed 1 for supporting, and in order to mount protective lead curtain 4, prevents X-ray from expanding to surrounding
Dissipating, protective stent 2 includes the fixing bar 26 being fixed on breast photograph shelf 3 upper end, two vertical rods 25 being fixed on diagnostic bed 1, fixing
The first hyphen bar 23, the second hyphen bar 24 being fixed in vertical rod 25 on fixing bar 26 and to be individually fixed in first short
Cross bar and first long transverse lever 21 and second long transverse lever 22 at the second hyphen bar two ends, wherein:
The lower end of two vertical rods 25 is fixed on the side of the bed board 11 of diagnostic bed 1 respectively by the blue assembly 04 of card.Such as Fig. 8 institute
Showing, the blue assembly 04 of card includes the fastener 041 of U-shaped structure, is fixed on the retention mechanism 042 of fastener 041 lower wall, is fixed on fastener
The fixture 043 of 041 upper wall and the locating piece 044 being fixed on fixture 043, by the fastener 041 of blue for card assembly 04 from bed
The side of plate 11 snaps in, and tightens fixed mechanism 042 and is securely fastened to by fastener 041 on bed board 11 limit, is provided with in the middle part of locating piece 044
The square boss mated with vertical rod 25 shape size, the lower end of vertical rod 25 is inserted in the square boss of locating piece 044 fixing.
Fixing bar 26 is fixed on the upper end of breast photograph shelf 3.With reference to Fig. 7, fixing bar 26 includes contiguous block 261, lower connecting block
263 and the connecting rod 262 that is connected between contiguous block 261 and lower connecting block 263, lower connecting block 263 is rectangular blocks,
Being provided with two circular holes, connecting rod 262 lower end is stretched in a circular hole and is fixed connecting rod 262 lower end from side screw,
Another circular hole for being fixed on the upper end of the rabat plate vertical rod 32 of breast photograph shelf 3 by fixing bar 26；Upper contiguous block 261 is also rectangular
Shape block, side is provided with circular hole for fixed connecting rod 262, and opposite side has dug rectangular recess and filled the first hyphen bar in order to card
23, the side of this groove is provided with alignment pin 05, and the first hyphen bar 23 is respectively equipped with the locating slot 232 corresponding with alignment pin 05
(seeing Figure 11), when assembling, pulls out a trifle, then half-twist by alignment pin, and plunger would not highlight and affect cross bar dress
Join；After cross bar places in this groove, alignment pin half-twist further back, the most dynamic cross bar, plunger is at spring force
Effect fall in the hole, location of cross bar；During dismounting, alignment pin first pulling out a trifle, then half-twist, plunger would not be dashed forward
Go out and affect cross bar and take out.Use the mode that coordinates with screwed hole of alignment pin can also reach the purpose of the present invention, but assemble with
During dismounting comparatively laborious and time-consuming.
As shown in figure 11, the first hyphen bar 23 is positioned at the top of breast photograph shelf 3, including the body of rod 231, is positioned at outside the body of rod 231
The locating slot 232 corresponding with the alignment pin 05 of fixing bar 26 and be fixed on the single connection 233 at the body of rod 231 two ends, this is even
Joint is to be processed into, with aluminium section bar, the laterally attached head that centre is square hole, and the body of rod inserts the one of single connection 233 by tight fit
End, the other end the most in 90 ° is connected for the mode inserted with one end of the first long transverse lever 21 or the second long transverse lever 22 employing,
After connecting, fix (with reference to Figure 10) with alignment pin；As shown in figure 12, the second hyphen bar 24 is positioned at the top of diagnostic bed 1, including
The body of rod 241 and the doubly-linked joint 242 being fixed on the body of rod 241 two ends, doubly-linked joint 242 includes towards side and the first hyphen bar 23
The relative laterally attached head of single connection head and downward, for connecting the downside union joint of two vertical rods 25, the first long horizontal stroke
The two ends of bar 21 and the second long transverse lever 22 are respectively clamped in the laterally attached head of hyphen bar, and lock with alignment pin 06.
For the ease of carrying, above-mentioned long transverse lever and vertical rod are designed to folding structure, as in figure 2 it is shown, the first long transverse lever
21 is four identical foldable structures with the second long transverse lever 22, and every root length cross bar is provided with three groups of hinge components 00, adjacent hinge
Chain component 00 folding direction is contrary；Vertical rod 25 is three foldable structures, and every vertical rod arranges two groups of hinge components 00, two groups of hinges
Member collapses is in opposite direction.As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, hinge component 00 be from two interlaced with dentation linkwork
002 composition, two linkwork 002 interlaced arrangement, one end uses rotating shaft 001 to be worn together, and two linkworks 002 can rotate
Axle 001 rotates；The other end of two hinged machine hooks 002 is individually fixed on long club shaft.Make when rotating two hinged machine hooks 002
When its tooth is at a fully engaged, using pin 003 to be worn together by engaging tooth fixing, pin 003 one end is provided with block, and block is provided with
Small through hole, puts on tightrope and is fixed on hinge component, prevent loss.First long transverse lever 21 and the second long transverse lever 22 are used for mounting
Protective lead curtain 4, general protective lead curtain 4 heavier-weight, under protective lead curtain 4 action of gravity, above-mentioned long transverse lever has becoming of tenesmus
Gesture, therefore, the folding direction of long transverse lever is arranged on horizontal direction, improves hinge component 00 structure bearing capacity, reduces long transverse lever
Tenesmus deflection；The vertical rod 25 load-bearing in long transverse lever direction is relatively big, and therefore, the folding direction of vertical rod 25 is the flat of hyphen bar place
On face.Therefore the pin of the first long transverse lever 21 and the second long transverse lever 22 is all to wear from top to bottom, and the pin of vertical rod 25 is level side
To wearing, all without coming off during use.
Protective lead curtain 4 is mounted on four cross bars of protective stent 2 by lead curtain hook 02, and four cross bars are all hollow knot
Structure, as shown in Figure 4, is disposed with sliding-way section 06 inside cross bar, track pulley 01 enters sliding-way section 06 from the end of cross bar,
Track pulley 01 is connected with being connected ring 08 by connector 07, and lead curtain hook 02 hangs over the bottom connecting ring 08；Lead curtain hook 02
For the hook of falling serpentine, being respectively provided with a gear pin 03 at both ends open, after lead curtain hangs up properly, gear pin rebounds in the skewed slot linked up with, will
Closure of openings, prevents hook and is connected ring and comes off, and in like manner, links up with lower end suspension protective lead curtain 4, and lower terminal block pin 03 prevents protective lead
Curtain comes off because moving back and forth when personnel come in and go out or start.
The top of protective stent 2 not covered protection lead curtain, this is because X ray reflection can not be straight to the part in overhead
Connect and be radiated human body, (the aerial rate of decay of radiation dose of X-ray and biography and X-ray decays quickly in atmosphere
Broadcast square being directly proportional of distance), after this partial radiation ray is by repeatedly reflecting or reflect, the dosage one-tenth of indirec radiation to human body
S2Decay again (S is the radiation length after repeatedly reflecting or reflecting, and throwing according to direction because of head is towards diagnostic bed or breast photograph shelf direction),
The most negligible.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, X-ray production apparatus 7 is positioned at the side at diagnostic bed 1 place, including cabinet 73, is installed on cabinet 73 times
Side supports wheel 74, the frame 72 being fixed on cabinet 73, the operation monitoring screen 75 being connected to cabinet 73 and is fixed on frame
On 72 and stretch into the head 71 in protective lead curtain 4, head 71 is Rotatable mechanism, and X-ray is launched from head 71；For vertical position
During irradiation, adjust the position of head 71, make the emission port rabat plate 31 towards breast photograph shelf 3 of head 71；When clinostatism irradiates,
Adjust the position of head 71, make the emission port of head 71 towards diagnostic bed.
As it is shown in figure 1, protective lead curtain 4 hangs on four cross bars by lead curtain hook 02, the lead of usual protective lead curtain 4 is worked as
Measure relevant with X-ray intensity.Inverse for peak power 30kW, kVp scope 40-125kV, maximum current 300mA, high tension generator
Under conditions of the X-ray radiation dosage that the X-ray machine of Frequency 40kHz produces when vertical position, clinostatism film making, following protective lead curtain 4
Lead equivalent to arrange be suitable, meet what GB18871-2002 " ionization radiation protection with the safe basic standard of radiation source " specified
Radiation protection requirement.In order to prevent X-ray from radiating to surrounding, facilitate patient to enter, the first long transverse lever 21 and the second long horizontal stroke simultaneously
Bar 22 respectively hangs the protective lead curtain 4 that three secondary lead equivalents are 0.25mmPb, and be positioned at protective lead curtain at diagnostic bed 1 position with
The bed body of diagnostic bed 1 engages, and just falls on bed surface, can be fixing with formation office by velcro between every width protective lead curtain 4
Portion's confined space；Protective lead curtain 4 can slide due to lead curtain hook 02 at the position of diagnostic bed 1 in cross bar, and therefore patient enters
Fashionable, arbitrary width protective lead curtain 4 can be folded can enter to pull-up, pull on again after entrance；First hyphen bar 23
Hanging the protective lead curtain 4 that a width lead equivalent is 0.5mmPb, the support bar 33 of breast photograph shelf 3 needs to stretch out outside protective lead curtain, therefore,
The position at lower support bar 33 place of protective lead curtain 4 arranges two gap, and two support bars 33 are each passed through two gap and stretch out,
In order to ensure partially sealed property, on gap length direction, each gap is interval with two velcros；Second hyphen bar 24 hangs
Hanging the protective lead curtain 4 that two width lead equivalents are 0.25mmPb, can stretch into the head 71 of X-ray production apparatus 7 between two width lead curtains, two is secondary anti-
Protect and between lead curtain, use multiple velcro to fix；Wherein, the bed board 11 of diagnostic bed 1 being equipped with lead equivalent is 0.10mmPb's
Lead sheet 5.
The most each parts carry out assembling the device formed according to above-mentioned relation and also include a protective housing 8, such as Fig. 9 and Figure 10 institute
Showing, this protective housing includes upper cover 82 that casing 81 and casing be articulated and connected, for by upper cover 82 and the fixing multiple locks of casing 81
Button 83, the vibration damping sponge 84 being positioned in casing 81 and the handle 85 being installed on casing 81 both sides, x-ray protection device is dismantled
After completing, because each modular construction is different, the vibration damping sponge 84 arranged in casing 81, according to the difference of modular construction, plucks out different knot
The groove (referred to as vibration damping fixes groove) of structure, during placement, places according to the planform of each parts, and this vibration damping is fixed groove and made full use of case
Internal bulk and modular construction place each parts on vertical space, facilitate each parts of protective stent 2 to be placed and taken out,
And playing damping effect, it is to avoid the problem that the vibration in transportation causes each parts mutually to collide with and deforms occurs；It addition, case
Each protective lead curtain 4, lead sheet 5 and the warning sign folded is placed on body top；81 liang of side handles 85 of casing facilitate protective housing 8
Carrying.Understanding through protective housing vibration test and fall-down test, the protective housing 8 that will be equipped with each parts is positioned over the center of vibration table,
Through frequency of vibration be 4.4Hz, acceleration of vibration be the sinusoidal vibration test under particular frequency of 1g, vibrate 120min, post-test-inspection, sample
Product outward appearance is without exception；Through frequency of vibration from 2Hz-5HZ to 5Hz-283.2HZ, displacement be 1in, acceleration be 1.3g, speed be
The sinusoidal variable-frequency vibration test of 0.5oct/min, frequency sweep 120min, post-test-inspection, sample appearance is without exception；By every for protective housing 8
Individual angle is fallen once, falls four times altogether, and falling height is 350mm, post-test-inspection, and sample and inside components outward appearance are all as good as
Often, sample dismounting is without exception.
X-ray protection method
Said apparatus can be used for field medical X-ray and irradiates protection, is particularly suited for field tent hospital or emergency relief
Stand；At present, X-ray protection mainly has three kinds of approach: protection of time, distance protection and shielding protection.Due to protection of time and away from
All having limitation from protection, the X-ray protection method of the present invention uses said apparatus to shield on the basis of distance protection
Cover protection.
For the non-x-ray bombardment patients such as X-ray testing staff, medical personnel, general public personnel, mainly consider
Be the radiation protection of external exposure, by the dosage of defense controls external exposure so that it is be maintained at rational floor level, be less than
The dose equivalent limit that National Radiation level of protection specifies, wherein:
Protection of time, the i.e. irradiated accumulated dose of personnel in radiation field were directly proportional to the time, were therefore irradiating
In the case of rate is constant, shortens irradiation time and just can reduce accepted dosage, or people worked, just within the time limited
May make their suffered roentgendosis below maximum permissible dosage, it is ensured that personal safety (uses the most in extraordinary circumstances
This method), thus reach to protect purpose.For X-ray testing staff or medical personnel, protection of time approach is the most unrealistic.
Distance protection is a kind of effective ways of external radiation protection, and first the ray ultimate principle using distance protection is
Using radiation source as in the case of point source, in radiation field the irradiation dose of certain point, absorbed dose all with this to the putting down of distance in source
Side is inversely proportional to, and we call inverse square law this rule, i.e. radiant intensity square is inversely proportional to change (in source with distance
In the case of radiant intensity is certain, close rate or irradiation dose are inversely proportional to the square distance from radiation source).Increase radiographic source and people
Distance between body just can reduce close rate or irradiation dose, works in other words beyond certain distance, makes penetrating suffered by people
Line dosage is below maximum permissible dosage, it is ensured that personal safety, thus reach to protect purpose.Distance protection is characterized by the greatest extent
Amount increases human body and radiogenic distance.
Inverse square law can illustrate with formula:In formula: IATransmitted intensity at-distance A；IB-away from
Transmitted intensity away from B；FA-radiographic source is to the distance at A；FB-radiographic source is to the distance at B.
This formula explanation ray one timing, the transmitted intensity of 2 is inversely proportional to their square distance, it is clear that along with away from
From increase will reduce rapidly the dosage of irradiation.
But above-mentioned relation formula is applicable to the some radiographic source not having air or fixing material, actual radiographic source be all by
Certain volume, the most Utopian point source, but also it should be noted that the air in radiation field or solid material can make ray
Produce scattering or absorb, it is impossible to ignoring the scattering impact of the wall near radiation source or other objects so that when reality is applied
Should suitably increase distance to guarantee safety.
For field tent hospital, the distance protection of X-ray tent is it is crucial that ensure: under different x-ray radiant intensity,
In X-ray tent and field tent hospital, the distance between arbitrary medical tent (such as ward, operating room) is pacified not less than X-ray
Full distance is (i.e. according to standard GB/T 18871-2002 " ionization radiation protection and the safe basic standard of radiation source " regulation, the public
It is that suffered radiation dose limit value accumulation in 1 year is not more than 1mSv).As shown in figure 13, by the open country nearest at distance X-ray tent
Set test point at the tent of outer tent hospital ward, detect this x-ray radiation under specific X-radiation intensity, as
Really 1 year suffered amount of radiation of this amount of radiation is less than 1mSv, then distance m between two tents is more than safe distance, meets country
Radiation protection standard specifies；The width n of X-ray tent is typically based on practical situation and is configured.But this distance is not to appoint
Meaning increases, and otherwise affects the x-ray diagnosis efficiency of patient, reduces treatment rate；Additionally, the increase of this distance is only to other medical care
Personnel and the public are favourable, unrelated with X-ray testing staff and medical personnel, because they must operation in x-ray tent.Therefore, X
The distance protection of ray and the shielding protection in X-ray tent need compromise to consider, the calculating of X-ray safe distance is also in shielding
Overall consideration is carried out on the basis of protection.
For X-ray testing staff and medical personnel, it is most useful that shielding protection.Shielding protection, i.e. ray are worn
During material, intensity can weaken thoroughly, and certain thickness screen mass-energy weakens the intensity of ray, arranges between radiation source and human body
Sufficiently thick screen (shielding material), just can reduce radiation level, makes the operationally suffered decrease in dose of people to
Below high acceptable dose, it is ensured that personal safety, reach to protect purpose.Shielding protection is characterized by be put between radiographic source and human body
Put a kind of shielding material that can effectively absorb ray.The shielding material conventional for X-ray is lead-containing materials.
When carrying out X-ray protection, the present invention follows the steps below layout and designs:
The first step, requires and X-radiation safety requirements according to tent for field fights Hospital medical work flow, by X-ray account
Paulin is arranged on one jiao (as shown in figure 14) in tent hospital region, and in X-ray tent front and back end, above the fold arranges X-ray operation
Warning mark.
Second step, arranges above-mentioned field medical X-ray protective device in X-ray tent, and radiation source is placed in described dress
In putting, X-ray radioactive source is usually placed in the centre position of X-ray tent, O point as shown in figure 15；
3rd step, according to the common layout scenarios of tent for field fights hospital, specify X-ray testing staff, medical personnel and
Other related personnel such as medical personnel and the public possibly be present at inside and outside X-ray tent because of normal medical operation with during seeking medical advice
And the position of periphery, probability and the time of staying, measure these relevant positions distance away from radioactive source O point, such as X-ray account accordingly
The distance of the test points such as E, F, G, H, Q, the R near the surrounding of paulin.According to above-mentioned distance, probability, time etc., data and field operations
Vertical position needed for the X-ray production apparatus power of tent hospital configuration, radiodiagnosis and the workload of clinostatism film making, on relevant position
The X-ray radiation dosage that suffered of all kinds of personnel meet relevant radiation protection safety limit standard-required on the premise of, calculate
Lead equivalent needed for the lead curtain at each position of field medical X-ray protective device.Be not less than calculated lead equivalent protection
Lead curtain blocks the surrounding of x-ray source.
It is anti-that the field medical X-ray protective device that the X-ray protection method of the present invention uses the present invention to provide carries out shielding
Protect.Field medical X-ray protection is determined for x-ray bombardment orientation, X-radiation intensity and the distance away from x-ray source
The thickness (lead equivalent) of device surrounding protective lead curtain, such as at peak power 30kW, kVp scope 40-125kV, maximum current
When 300mA, the X-ray machine of high tension generator reverse frequency 40kHz carry out vertical position, clinostatism film making, the first long transverse lever 21 and second is long
Cross bar 22 respectively hangs the protective lead curtain 4 that three secondary lead equivalents are 0.25mmPb, and is positioned at the protective lead curtain at diagnostic bed 1 position
Abut against with bed body 11 surface, can be fixing to form local confined space by velcro between every width protective lead curtain 4；First
Hyphen bar 23 hangs the protective lead curtain 4 that a width lead equivalent is 0.5mmPb；Second hyphen bar 24 hangs two width lead equivalents
The protective lead curtain 4 of 0.25mmPb；The lead sheet 5 that lead equivalent is 0.10mmPb it is equipped with on the bed board 11 of diagnostic bed 1.X-ray is examined
Survey personnel operate after lead curtain screen layer, and its X-ray radiation dosage accepted is in safety range.
4th step, arranges test point at above-mentioned X-ray tent periphery relevant position, under particular radiation intensity, and detection
Whether the X-ray radiation dosage of each test point meets radiation protection safety limit standard-required, to verify that field medical X-ray is prevented
Whether the closed structure that under the lead equivalent of protection unit protective lead curtain 4 and this apparatus structure, protective lead curtain 4 is constituted meets reality protection
Requirement.If some test point is unsatisfactory for X-ray radiation dosage safety limit requirement, leakage problem or protection need to be analyzed
The problem that lead curtain lead equivalent value is little is (such as: the non-throwing in X-ray is shone on direction, and certain test point is especially at two protective lead curtains
The X-ray radiation dosage detected value extended on point of junction flies up a lot, then this situation can determine whether substantially as revealing；Non-
Throw and be not significantly different from according to the X-ray radiation dosage detected value of each test point on direction, but the detected value of certain test point exceeds standard, logical
Cross detected value after increasing the protective lead curtain lead equivalent value of this position to decline in corresponding relation immediately, then this situation can determine whether as protection
Lead curtain lead equivalent value is little；Throw and exceed standard, by increasing the protection of this position according to the X-ray radiation dosage detected value of test point on direction
After lead curtain lead equivalent value, detected value declines in corresponding relation immediately, then this situation can determine whether as protective lead curtain lead equivalent value little).As
Fruit is leakage problem, improves closed structure, and as the most too narrow in protective lead curtain width, velcro is arranged very little or unreasonable, anti-
Protect support Design height not mate with the height of diagnostic bed；If lead equivalent value is little, then increase the lead equivalent value of corresponding lead curtain.
Until this test point meets X-ray radiation dosage safety limit requirement, it is achieved X-ray shield protects.
As shown in figure 15, several test points it are respectively provided with near the surrounding relevant position inside and outside X-ray tent, such as
E, F, G, H, Q, R, and detect above-mentioned test point x-ray radiation under specific X-radiation intensity, set by checking
Whether test point meets X-ray radiation dosage safety limit requirement.It addition, at the four of X-ray tent corners, i.e. A, B, C, D
All reserve entrance, all can be as the outlet of X-ray tent and entrance, it is possible to select certain according to the situation that X-ray is arranged
One corner (such as at A) is passed through the velcro of self as tent entrance and exit, the gateway in other three corners or stretches tight
Band is shut.
For peak power 30kW, kVp scope 40-125kV, maximum current 300mA, high tension generator reverse frequency
Under conditions of the X-ray radiation dosage that the X-ray production apparatus of 40kHz produces when vertical position, clinostatism film making, to detection as shown in figure 15
Point E, F, G, H, Q, R, each test point respectively exposes repeatedly (such as, 3 times), respectively the X-ray radiation dosage of detection exposure every time,
Average the X-ray radiation dosage as each test point；Then situation estimation residence is stopped according to the public once in a while at each point
The factor, estimates X ray image diagnosis throughput according to tent for field fights hospital to the regulation of performance capacity, further according to having in a year
The effect working time, estimate occupancy factor, X ray image diagnosis throughput and the effective time in 1 year of each point draw
1 year exposure frequency, thus estimate the dosage suffered by public stopped at each point, such as at E point in 1 year at E point
The dosage suffered by public stopped is 78.8 μ Sv, and far below public's annual dose limit value (1mSv), (this value is this dosage
The radiation protection that GB18871-2002 " ionization radiation protection and the safe basic standard of radiation source " specifies requires).Therefore, above-mentioned anti-
The lead equivalent setting protecting lead curtain 4 is suitable, meets GB18871-2002 " ionization radiation protection mark basic with radiation source safety
Accurate " the radiation protection requirement that specifies.
Claims (13)
1. a field medical X-ray protective device, it is adaptable to X-ray production apparatus in tent for field fights hospital and field emergency rescue station
X-ray protect, it is characterised in that include diagnostic bed, protective stent, breast photograph shelf, protective lead curtain and lead sheet, protection
Frame lower end is respectively supported on breast photograph shelf and diagnostic bed, and protective lead curtain hangs over four cross bars of protective stent by lead curtain
On, lead sheet is layered on diagnostic bed, and X-ray production apparatus is positioned at the side of diagnostic bed, and the head of X-ray production apparatus stretches into protective lead curtain and formed
Local confined space in.
Field the most according to claim 1 medical X-ray protective device, it is characterised in that described breast photograph shelf has included propping up
Support the base member case of load-bearing effect, the well cabinet frame being fixed in base member case, for supporting the support bar of well cabinet frame, being fixed on well cabinet frame
The extension rod on top and the sheet carriage being fixed on extension rod, a flat panel detector is placed in before sheet carriage；Base member case is interior
There are the flat casing of cavity, laid inside NPE polyethylene film resin shaping material.
Field the most according to claim 1 medical X-ray protective device, it is characterised in that described diagnostic bed includes bed body
And bedstead, bed body is hinged two folding structures, two parts bed body that bed body is split by hinge, the i.e. first bed body and second
Bed body；Bedstead is the structure supporting bed body, including left bed leg, right footpost, left support bar and right support bar；Wherein, the first bed body
Middle part is provided with hasp, left bed leg and right footpost and is fixed on bottom the first bed body two by a footpost fixture is rotating respectively
End, it is that right footpost is relative to bed body more than 90 ° and less than 100 ° that left bed leg rotates clockwise scope relative to the bottom of bed body
Bottom rotates counterclockwise scope for more than 90 ° and less than 100 °；Left support bar and right support bar are two-part folding rod, a left side
Strut one end is by a rotating bottom being fixed on the first bed body of support bar fixture, and the other end is placed in the recessed of left bed leg bottom
In groove；The bottom of the first bed body is fixed on by a support bar fixture in right support bar one end, and the other end is placed in right footpost bottom
In groove；Second bed body is identical with the first bed structure, and two parts bed structure is symmetrical arranged.
Field the most according to claim 1 medical X-ray protective device, it is characterised in that described protective stent includes solid
Due to the fixing bar of breast photograph shelf upper end, two vertical rods being fixed on diagnostic bed, the first hyphen bar being fixed on fixing bar, consolidate
The second hyphen bar in vertical rod and be individually fixed in the first hyphen bar and the second hyphen bar two ends the first long transverse lever and
Second long transverse lever.
Field the most according to claim 4 medical X-ray protective device, it is characterised in that the lower end of described two vertical rods
Be fixed on the side of the bed board of diagnostic bed respectively by a blue assembly of card, described card orchid assembly includes the fastener of U-shaped structure, fixes
In the retention mechanism of fastener lower wall, the fixture being fixed on fastener upper wall and the locating piece being fixed on fixture, the blue group of card
The fastener of part snaps in from the side of bed board, tightens fixed mechanism and is fixed on by fastener on bed board limit, is provided with vertical in the middle part of locating piece
The square boss of rod-shape size coupling, the lower end of vertical rod is inserted in the square boss in locating piece fixing.
Field the most according to claim 4 medical X-ray protective device, it is characterised in that described fixing bar is fixed on institute
State the upper end of breast photograph shelf, including upper contiguous block, lower connecting block and be connected to the connecting rod between upper contiguous block and lower connecting block,
Lower connecting block is rectangular blocks, is provided with two circular holes, and connecting rod lower end is stretched in a circular hole and incites somebody to action from side screw
Connecting rod lower end is fixed, and another circular hole for being fixed on the upper end of the rabat plate vertical rod of breast photograph shelf by fixing bar；Upper contiguous block
For rectangular blocks, side is provided with circular hole for fixed connecting rod, and opposite side has dug rectangular recess and filled the first hyphen in order to card
Bar, the side of this groove is provided with alignment pin, and the first hyphen bar is respectively equipped with the locating slot corresponding with alignment pin.
Field the most according to claim 4 medical X-ray protective device, it is characterised in that the first long transverse lever and the second length
Cross bar is four identical foldable structures, including the body of rod and the single connection head being fixed on body of rod two ends, the body of rod is provided with three groups of hinges
Chain component, adjacent hinge component folding direction in the horizontal direction is contrary；Vertical rod is three foldable structures, and every vertical rod arranges two
Group hinge component, two groups of hinge component folding directions in the plane at the second hyphen bar place are contrary.
Field the most according to claim 7 medical X-ray protective device, it is characterised in that hinge component is by two phases
The most staggered dentation linkwork composition coordinated, two linkwork interlaced arrangement, one end uses rotating shaft to be worn together, two hinges
Connection mechanism rotates around the axis；The other end of two hinged machine hooks is individually fixed on the body of rod.
9. according to the field medical X-ray protective device described in any one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that described protective lead
Curtain is mounted on four cross bars of protective stent by lead curtain, and four cross bars are hollow structure, are disposed with inside cross bar
Sliding-way section, track pulley loads in sliding-way section, and track pulley is connected with being connected ring by connector, and lead curtain hangs over even
The bottom of T-Ring；Lead curtain hook is the hook of falling serpentine, is respectively provided with a gear pin at both ends open.
Field the most according to claim 9 medical X-ray protective device, it is characterised in that the first long transverse lever and the second length
Cross bar respectively hangs the protective lead curtain that three secondary lead equivalents are 0.25mmPb, and is positioned at the protective lead curtain base at diagnostic bed position
Engage with bed surface, fixed by velcro between every width protective lead curtain；It is 0.5mmPb that first hyphen bar hangs a width lead equivalent
Protective lead curtain, the bottom of protective lead curtain arranges two gap, the support of breast photograph shelf in the position at the support bar place of breast photograph shelf
Bar is each passed through two gap and stretches out, and each gap is interval with two velcros；Second hyphen bar hangs two width lead equivalents
For the protective lead curtain of 0.25mmPb, the head of X-ray production apparatus stretches between two width lead curtains, uses multiple Buddhist nun between two secondary protective lead curtains
Dragon hasp is fixed；The lead equivalent of the lead sheet laid on the bed board of diagnostic bed is 0.10mmPb.
11. field according to claim 10 medical X-ray protective devices, it is characterised in that also include one for receiving
Described protective stent parts, protective lead curtain and the protective housing of lead sheet, described protective housing includes what casing and casing were articulated and connected
Upper cover, for multiple snap closes, the vibration damping sponge being positioned in casing that upper cover and casing is fixing and be installed on casing both sides
Handle, the vibration damping sponge arranged in casing is provided with the vibration damping matched with protective stent member profile and fixes groove；Casing top
Place the protective lead curtain and lead sheet folded.
12. 1 kinds of X-ray protection methods to tent for field fights hospital, it uses the strategy that distance protection and shielding protection combine
The X-ray tent of tent for field fights hospital is carried out X-ray protection, comprises the following steps:
The first step, according to medical procedures process requirements and the X-radiation safety requirements of tent for field fights hospital, by X-ray tent
Being arranged on one jiao of tent for field fights hospital area, in X-ray tent front and back end, above the fold arranges X-ray operation warning mark；
Second step, arranges the field medical X-ray protective device described in any one of claim 1 to 11 in X-ray tent, will
X-ray radiation source is placed in described device and is positioned at the centre position of X-ray tent；
3rd step, according to the layout scenarios of tent for field fights hospital, estimation X-ray testing staff, medical personnel and other medical cares
The related personnel such as personnel and the public occurs in inside and outside X-ray tent and the position of periphery because of normal medical operation with during seeking medical advice
Put, probability and the time of staying, according to above-mentioned factor inside and outside X-ray tent, surrounding arranges test point, and measures described detection
The point distance away from x-ray radiation source, according to the distance measured and the probability of estimation, time data and the configuration of tent for field fights hospital
X-ray production apparatus power, vertical position needed for radiodiagnosis and the workload of clinostatism film making, in all kinds of personnel institutes of described test point
On the premise of the X-ray radiation dosage suffered meets relevant radiation protection safety limit standard-required, calculate field medical X-ray
Lead equivalent needed for the protective lead curtain of preventer, blocks X-ray with the described protective lead curtain being not less than calculated lead equivalent
The surrounding of radiation source.
13. X-ray protection methods according to claim 12, it is characterised in that also include detection and set-up procedure, this step
Suddenly be inside and outside described X-ray tent, periphery test point is set, under particular radiation intensity, detect the X-ray of each test point
Whether radiation dose meets radiation protection safety limit standard-required, to verify field medical X-ray protective device protective lead curtain
Lead equivalent and this apparatus structure under the local closed structure that constitutes of protective lead curtain whether meet actual requirement of shelter；If it is a certain
Individual test point is unsatisfactory for X-ray radiation dosage safety limit requirement, and analysis is leakage problem or protective lead curtain lead equivalent value is little
Problem；If leakage problem, improve local closed structure；If lead equivalent value is little, then increase the lead of corresponding protective lead curtain
Equivalent value, until this test point meets X-ray radiation dosage safety limit requirement.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610762393.9A CN106169315B (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2016-08-29 | A kind of field medical X-ray protective device and the means of defence using the device |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610762393.9A CN106169315B (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2016-08-29 | A kind of field medical X-ray protective device and the means of defence using the device |
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| CN106169315B CN106169315B (en) | 2017-10-27 |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107068225A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-08-18 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of lossless movable detecting platform ray shielding device of X-ray |
| CN107714073A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-23 | 广州军区广州总医院 | A kind of in-vivo metal or the positioning of high density foreign matter x-ray fold examination couch |
| CN108335772A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-07-27 | 北京大学深圳医院 | A kind of protective device for dept. of radiology's radioactive source |
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| CN110173152A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-27 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of modularization movable type combination shielding lead blanket hanging frame device |
| CN113520418A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-10-22 | 湖南涌仁科技有限公司 | System and method for reducing X-ray dose of X-ray diagnostic equipment |
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| CN110173152A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-27 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of modularization movable type combination shielding lead blanket hanging frame device |
| CN110063743A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-07-30 | 天津金曦医疗设备有限公司 | It is a kind of for moving the lead protection structure and mobile ct machine of CT |
| CN113520418A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-10-22 | 湖南涌仁科技有限公司 | System and method for reducing X-ray dose of X-ray diagnostic equipment |
| CN115919340A (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-04-07 | 合肥海巍光电科技有限公司 | Movable medical X-ray shooting equipment |
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