CN106135671A - Silkworm artificial feed is for the method producing fine denier silkworm silk - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of silkworm artificial feed, on the basis of feedstuff gross weight, component including following mass percent: powder of Folium Mori 34%～35.5%, bean cake powder 41%～43%, starch 11%～13%, cellulose 5%～7%, feed grade compound vitamin 2%～3%, citric acid 1%～2%, feed grade mixed inorganic 1%.The invention also discloses a kind of silkworm artificial feed for the method producing fine denier silkworm silk: select four moultinism cultivated silkworm breed varieties, raise with silkworm artificial feed；When 5 instar larvaes grow to occur 1%～3% ripe larva, a small bundle of straw, etc. for silkworms to spin cocoons on agent is stepped on to the spray of larva body, make to climb up nest cocooning voluntarily 10～14 hours after ripening larvas, ripe larva weaves silk under 27 DEG C～28 DEG C of temperature and 50%～75% humidity environment and cocoons 2～2.5 days, then continues to weave silk and complete to cocoon at 23 DEG C～25 DEG C.The technical method of the present invention, it is possible to steady production fine denier/ultrafine-titer silk, silk deviation is little, produces high-grade raw silk, it is possible to manufactures the slim silk fabrics of high-quality, produce medical operation suture thread, adds silk added value of product.

Description

Silkworm artificial feed is for the method producing fine denier silkworm silk

Technical field

The present invention relates to sericulture and textile fabric production field, particularly relate to a kind of silkworm artificial feed thin for producing The method of fiber number silkworm silk.

Background technology

Silkworm is a kind of complete metamorphosis, larval feeding Folium Mori, and ripe larva weaves silk and cocoons, and casting off a skin in cocoon Pupa, is become adult by pupa development further, goes out mate and oviposit after cocoon.The silk that silkworm maturation larva is told is that a kind of overlength is natural Protein fibre, its length reaches hundreds of to more than 1,000 meters.Although its length of elongated silk receives much concern, but the fineness of silk (is cut Area) distribution trend is to directly affect the prior factor of raw silk quality.Silk fiber shape is the most irregular, surface distributed hairiness Plumage, sectional area is measured extremely difficult, is unable to represent its fineness (sectional area), current domestic and international commonly used cocoon with diameter This indirect indexes of silk size evaluates the thickness of silk.Fiber number is direct system list also known as denier (D) or danier (denier) Position, under the conditions of official regain 11%, 9000 meters of long silk are defined as 1D when weighing 1 gram, and the biggest silk of denier is the thickest.

Cocoon silk size on filature and textile technology and product quality impact greatly, thin fine about its medium titre 2.0D Degree silk, particularly fiber number ultrafine-titer silk thickness change (silk deviation) less than 1.5D is little, is suitable for manufacturing high-quality slim Silk fabrics, is the high-quality raw silk as warp in exploitation novel high-grade underwear, silk stocking and silk textile industry, is also adaptable for producing Medical hand Art stitching thread, can be combined with chemical fibre, make the novel products such as stria cored silk and printed crepe de chine, therefore be constantly subjected to Silk quality The concern of industry.

Fine denier silk is than heavy denier silk more than fiber number 3.3D or the common fiber number silk specific surface area of about 3.0D Increasing with capillary effect, layer structure is abundanter, and silk internal reflected light is finer and smoother in surface distributed, and gloss is softer, its Silk fabrics feel is more soft, and pliability is high, and gloss is soft, and water suction, oil absorption are good, and cleaning capacity is strong, and heat-insulating property is more preferable.By The fabric that the raw silk (silk thread) of the identical thickness specification of many silk reel silk from cocoons is made, the fibre single thread (cocoon of fine denier silk product Silk) fiber number is thin, and specific surface area is big, and the conduction surface of liquid phase water or vapour phase evaporation of water area are also big, identical thickness specification silk thread Monofilament radical in cross section increases, and Inter-fiber voids and intrastitial stomatal number also increase, and perspiration is absorbed by fabric, the most again Speed along the transfer of fiber inner air vent and fiber axial fabric appearance increases, and fine denier silk fabric utilizes capillary effect to gather around There is the effect of quick moisture conducting, heat radiation.There is substantial amounts of space inside fine denier silk, these spaces can adsorb dust effectively Deng dirt, fine denier silk fabric is than general fibre more easy cleaning simultaneously, and service life is the most longer.Therefore, fine denier silk system The fabric become is comfortable and easy to wear, is high-grade silk quality raw material.

So far, the production fine denier silk method of exploitation both at home and abroad is mainly by following two approach:

The first approach is to cultivate thin silk to produce special Silkworm varieties.This method is it is most useful that cultivate and can spue carefully Three molt silkworm kinds of fiber number silk, its size of cocoon filament is at about 2.0D, than the conventional spring by the size of cocoon filament of four molt silkworm kinds 3.0～3.2D significantly reduce.Moultinism is a kind of important physiological character including the insect larvae phases such as silkworm, by endocrine hormone Regulation and control, have stable heritability.Moltinism of silkworm is often referred to the number of times casted off a skin of its larval phase.The silkworm hatching out from ovum Larva grows by ceaselessly taking food, but the epidermis of larva (skin) surface is chitin and wax coat, it is impossible to internal group Knit together continuously growth, when larval growth to a certain extent, epidermis is tied to the growth of in-vivo tissue, and larva just stops feed, Entering does not eats in motionless " dormancy ", internal, generates the epidermis that new surface area is bigger, subsequently children under endocrine hormone regulates and controls Worm enters " casting off a skin " process, takes off old epidermis, completes " dormancy " phase；" newly-hatched silkworm " that hatch out from ovum tells to mature larva Till Si, the above-mentioned number of times of casting off a skin of larva, " dormancy " number of times completed in other words, referred to as sleep number, also referred to as moultinism.Cultivated silkworm breed variety Common have four moultinism kinds, three moultinism kinds and five moultinism kinds.Sericulture is imitated from the comprehensive production economy of Silkworm varieties both at home and abroad Benefit considers, it is common to use four molt silkworm kinds, therefore uses three molt silkworm kinds to produce with the Bombyx bombycis of existing four molt silkworm kinds Have many inadaptable, to this end, the Cocoon filament characters that three molt silkworm kinds commonly use four molt silkworm kinds fills between technical system Blood, the economic characters such as the three molt silkworm kind silk qualities being otherwise bred as and yield are the poorest；And owing to the stable heredity of moultinism is special Property, cause the three molt silkworm rates by the congested three molt silkworm kinds of four molt silkworm kinds unstable, have three molt silkworms and four moultinisms There is phenomenon in silkworm simultaneously.Also having a problem is that three molt silkworm larval phases relatively four molt silkworms significantly shorten, and brings Folium Mori growth profit Produce cocoon yield with cycle time, unit are mulberry field to decline.

In order to overcome the problems referred to above of three molt silkworms, have been reported that and use the method cultivating fine denier four molt silkworm kind to produce In fine-titred silk (Li Bing, etc., silkworm industry science, 2010,36 (6): 1043～1046), the size of cocoon filament that this method produces Can only achieve about 2.6D, similar to the size of cocoon filament of autumn in summer Silkworm varieties 2.5～2.7D, therefore do not claim real fine denier cocoon Silk.Also have been reported that utilizing balanced lethal system to cultivate specially supports four dormancy male silkworm variety methods of male silkworm (He Kerong, etc., Chinese agriculture Science, 2006,39 (6): 1272～1276), or raise the fluorescence cocoon color property sentenced four molt silkworm kind to realize the independent reel silk from cocoons of male silkworm cocoon The method (Yu Xiaohua, etc., silkworm industry science, 2008,34 (1): 140～143) of silk, this kind of method is all to make use of Male Silkworm ratio Female tasar silkworm cocoon silk size this principle thin, utilizes male silkworm to produce the middle fine denier silk of fiber number 2.3～2.6D, also reaches Less than the fine denier silk produced truly.

Producing fine-titred the second approach is that biological active substances induces four molt silkworms to become three molt silkworms.Have been reported that profit With anti-JH analog SM～1 induction four molt silkworm kinds larva change into three molt silkworms obtain fiber number 0.9～ The fine denier of 1.9D and ultrafine-titer silk (Lu Xuefang, Li Rongqi, silkworm industry science, 1987,13 (2): 72～75)；Utilize not public The silkworm biological active substances " ultra-fine element " opened induces the larva of four moultinism cultivated silkworm breed varieties to become three molt silkworms, it is possible to produce monofilament Ultrafine-titer silk about fiber number 1.0D (Qian Wenchun, etc., silkworm and mulberry are circulated a notice of, 2013,44 (3): 29～31).Although this kind of method Application flexibly, but there is also some problems in three molt silkworm specific breeds, three moultinisms caused such as three molt silkworm rate instability There is the problem raising the serious inconvenience of operation in silkworm with four molt silkworms simultaneously；Larval phase, significantly shortens, and brings Folium Mori growth to utilize week Phase shortens, unit are mulberry field produces the problem that cocoon yield declines.

Silkworm is oligophagy insecticide, only eats the only a few several plants such as Folium Mori, Folium ulmi pumilae, leaf lettuce, Chinese leaf, Herba Taraxaci Leaf, wherein disclosure satisfy that the only Folium Mori of silkworm nutrition and the growth needs producing Bombyx bombycis；Silkworm eats the leaf of its plant, Zhi Nengwei Hold some growth grow needs, survival rate is low, it is impossible to weaves silk and cocoons, or can only spue a small amount of silk, bear the thinnest Bombyx bombycis, Therefore production application is not had to be worth.It is known that the silkworm of all kinds all has good ration size and adaptability to Folium Mori, This is the long-term natural evolution of silkworm and the result of artificial selection, but the silkworm of most of kind is manually raised what prior art produced The ration size of material is poor, retarded growth, only minority Silkworm varieties have the natural adaptability to man-made feeds, is therefore suitable for raising The cultivated silkworm breed variety that material is bred silkworms needs by Systematic selection and directive breeding, at least needs to carry out feedstuff sericulture and identifies.So-called feedstuff Breeding silkworms, man-made feeds are bred silkworms in other words, it is desirable to the composition of man-made feeds not only to meet the nutritional need of silkworm as Folium Mori, And have to comply with the feeding habits of silkworm, and there is suitable physical behavior and good anti-corrosive properties etc..The nutritional need of silkworm Mainly there are protein, carbohydrate, fat, inorganic matter, moisture, vitamin etc..Therefore the primary raw material of silkworm artificial feed Also must be same containing these required nutritional labelings, 20th century 70～the Japanese scholars of the eighties and 20th century 80～90 The Chinese scholar in age reports the formulating report of a lot of feed of mulberry silkworm, and (Xiang Zhonghuai, etc., silkworm silk biology, Beijing: China Forestry publishing house, 2005,100～106), the main nutrient composition of these report feedstuffs all includes: protein, carbohydrate, Fat, inorganic matter, moisture, vitamin etc..At present, Japan has stopped the production of silkworm artificial feed, domestic only Shandong Province Silkworm industry institute and Shandong Agricultural University produce silkworm artificial feed, and the silkworm artificial feed that Shandong Agricultural University is recommended forms one As be: powder of Folium Mori 20%, bean cake powder 40%, cellulose 8%, starch 8%, sucrose 5%, yeast 8%, citric acid 2.5%, antibiosis Element 0.5% and inorganic salt 8%.Above-mentioned raw materials is mixed thoroughly after adding suitable quantity of water, and pH value, 4.5～5.0, i.e. can be used to after steaming and decocting, cooling Breed silkworms.The silkworm that this formula forage is raised, tied Bombyx bombycis is slightly less than the silkworm that Folium Mori are raised, and detection d cube is educated with Folium Mori and also compared Close, although its size of cocoon filament is narrower than the size of cocoon filament of the same kind silkworm production that Folium Mori are raised, typically fall within more than 2.3D The middle fine denier silk of left and right, and the size of cocoon filament change that different batches produces is the most greatly, it is impossible to realize steady production fine denier Silk.Therefore, sericulture generally believes cocoon yield that man-made feeds produce and the silkworm that silk quality is raised below or near to Folium Mori, There is no the characteristic of yield and quality.

The existing method producing silkworm fine denier silk has the disadvantage in that

(1) cultivate fine denier four molt silkworm kind, or utilize balanced lethal system to cultivate four moultinisms heros of the most foster male silkworm Silkworm varieties, with the raising fluorescence cocoon color property sentenced four molt silkworm kind with the method realizing the independent filature of male silkworm cocoon, all can only produce cocoon The middle fine denier silk of silk size 2.3～about 2.6D, similar, therefore by the size of cocoon filament of Silkworm varieties 2.5～2.7D to the autumn in summer Do not claim real fine denier silk.

(2) three molt silkworm specific breeds of fine denier silk are told in existing cultivation, or use the anti-guarantor of biological active substances Children hormone analogs SM～1 etc. induces four molt silkworms to become the method that three molt silkworms produce fine denier silk, although all produce The fine denier of fiber number 0.9～2.0D and ultrafine-titer silk, but exist three molt silkworms that three molt silkworm rate instability cause with There is phenomenon in four molt silkworms, rate of development and the silkworm body size of this two classes silkworm differ greatly, and cause heavy dependence colony to be sent out simultaneously Educate highly consistent existing Sericulture technology operation to process and become the most inconvenient, the operation easier such as molting process, diseases prevention health Significantly increasing, production security reduces.

(3) existing three molt silkworm kinds are utilized or to use biological active substances to induce four molt silkworms to become three molt silkworms raw The method producing silkworm fine denier silk is all based on new fresh mulberry leaf sericulture technology, and three molt silkworm larval phases significantly shortened, and bringing can Degradation problem under the cocoon yield that the Folium Mori growth cycle utilized shortens, mulberry field unit are produces.

(4) existing use biological active substances is induced four molt silkworms to become three molt silkworms and is produced silkworm fine denier silk Method, the cocoon yield that single box silkworm egg (25000 ovum) produces only has about the 30% of four molt silkworms, and tasar silkworm cocoon type is the least, single Cocoon weight only has about 1/4th of four moultinism Bombyx bombycis, and results happiness sense is poor, and Bombyx bombycis is not suitable for existing based on four moultinism Bombyx bombycis Silk deep process technology.

(5) Bombyx bombycis that silkworm produces raised by prior art man-made feeds, although the size of cocoon filament is slightly narrower than the same of Folium Mori raising The size of cocoon filament that kind silkworm produces, but fine denier silk in also can only producing, and size of cocoon filament change is the most greatly, it is impossible to realize Steady production fine denier silk, it is impossible to dealer accepts by sericulture.

In view of drawbacks described above, the design people's the most in addition research and innovation, to founding a kind of high-quality fine denier silkworm silk Feedstuff educate production method so that it is have more the value in industry.

Summary of the invention

For solving above-mentioned technical problem, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of silkworm artificial feed for producing fine denier man The method of Bombyx bombycis silk, directly utilizes Folium Mori and educates in four molt silkworm kinds the silkworm product that man-made feeds ration size is good, silk quality is outstanding Kind, change existing sericulture feedstuff constituent and production environment, produce fine denier even ultrafine-titer, silk quality superior Bombyx bombycis.

The invention provides a kind of silkworm artificial feed, on the basis of feedstuff gross weight, including following mass percent Component: powder of Folium Mori 34%～35.5%, bean cake powder 41%～43%, starch 11%～13%, cellulose 5%～7%, feed grade Compound vitamin 2%～3%, citric acid 1%～2%, feed grade mixed inorganic 1%.

Further, starch is corn starch or sweet potato starch.

Further, cellulose is feed grade carboxymethyl cellulose or Ramulus Mori powder.

Further, feed grade mixed inorganic is commercially available herding inorganic salt dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, chlorine Change one or more in potassium, sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, calcium carbonate, iron sulfate and manganese sulfate.

Further, during use, feed grade mixed inorganic is mixed according to quality geometric ratio.

Further, in the present invention one specific embodiment, the silkworm artificial feed of the present invention includes following percent mass The each component of ratio: powder of Folium Mori 35%, bean cake powder 42%, corn starch 12%, feed grade carboxymethyl cellulose 5%, feed grade is multiple Close vitamin 3%, citric acid 2%, feed grade mixed inorganic 1%.

Further, in still another embodiment of the present invention, the silkworm artificial feed of the present invention includes following quality hundred The each component of proportion by subtraction: powder of Folium Mori 35%, bean cake powder 42%, sweet potato starch 11%, Ramulus Mori powder 6%, the compound dimension of feed grade is raw Element 3%, citric acid 2%, feed grade mixed inorganic 1%.

Further, the protein in silkworm artificial feed is mainly derived from powder of Folium Mori and bean cake powder, the silkworm of the present invention Protein content in man-made feeds increases to 25%～27%, the protein content being significantly higher than in the feedstuff of prior art 21%～24%, advantageously in the needs of silkworm silk protein synthesis, the egg in bean cake powder in the preferred feedstuff of the inventive method White matter stable content, is 43%.

Further, the cellulose in silkworm artificial feed employs Ramulus Mori powder, the gum component energy in twig powder Enough enhance the molding of feedstuff, the Ramulus Mori that silkworm originally can not eat effectively is utilized simultaneously, reduce feed cost.

The invention also discloses a kind of above-mentioned silkworm artificial feed for the method producing fine denier silkworm silk, including with Lower step:

(1) select four moultinism cultivated silkworm breed varieties, raise with silkworm artificial feed；

(2) when 1%～3% ripe larva occur in 5 instar larvaes, a small bundle of straw, etc. for silkworms to spin cocoons on agent is stepped on to the spray of larva body so that at 10～14 hours After ripening larva climbs up nest cocooning voluntarily, and ripe larva weaves silk under 27 DEG C～28 DEG C of temperature and 50%～75% humidity environment Cocooing 2～2.5 days, then ripe larva continues to weave silk and complete to cocoon at 23 DEG C～25 DEG C, obtains fine denier silkworm silk.

Further, in step (1), four moultinism cultivated silkworm breed varieties are Jingsong×Haoyue.

Further, this method, Jingsong×Haoyue kind output fine denier silk are used.

Further, the size of cocoon filament of fine denier silk is 1.58D, and silk cleans 98.0 points, clean 95.5 points.

Further, in step (1), four moultinism cultivated silkworm breed varieties are bright moon × cyanines pine.

Further, this method, bright moon × cyanines pine kind output ultrafine-titer silk are used.

Further, the size of cocoon filament of ultrafine-titer silk is 1.30D, and silk cleans 99.0 points, clean 97.5 points.

Further, in step (2), every 20000～25000 larvas use and step on a small bundle of straw, etc. for silkworms to spin cocoons on agent 50 milliliters, add water to 2 liters and mix Even rear body sprays.

Further, in step (2), the temperature of cocooing of weaving silk of contral ripening larva, it is possible to accelerate telling of ripe larva Silk speed, make simultaneously silkworm early stage sericterium of weaving silk intrinsic pressure bigger time told thicker silk fineness and attenuated.

Further, in step (2), 7～8 days harvesting of cocoons after ripe larva is placed on small straw bundles to spin cocoons.

Further, in feeding process, rearing temperature is 1 age 30 DEG C, and 1 sleeps and 2 age 29 DEG C, and 2 sleep and 3 ages 28 DEG C, 3 sleep and 4 age 27 DEG C, and 4 sleep and 5 age 25 DEG C～26 DEG C；Indoor relative humidity 1 age 90%～95%, after 2 ages 80% ～85%；In addition to raising operation, indoor holding is dark；Measure of particularly taking a breath, 5 upper and lower noons in age is not taked for 1～4 ages respectively to window Take a breath 1 time, each 20～30 minutes.

Further, in feeding process, the feedstuff adding method of use prior art, feed 1 time when 1 age only collected ants, 2 Each feed 1 time when age～first feeding in per age in 5 ages, 3 ages and 4 mid-terms in age add feedstuff 1 time, add feedstuff next day of 5 age.1 age raised to 4 ages Material uses cutting to educate, and feedstuff is pinched into irregular bulk with hands and fed by 5 ages.

Further, in feeding process, use diseases prevention and the health measure of prior art, breed silkworms front silkworm room rearing instrument in advance Sterilizing with bleaching powder, during sericulture, operation end carries out ground bleaching powder sterilization and ambient ultraviolet lamp is sterilized every time；Silkworm rearing bed and Silkworm body uses mascardine-proof dust 1 time in sleeping each age；Breed silkworms and wear 1 property glove when operating；Rise each age after silkworm carries out screening first feeding and carry net Remove sand 1 time, remove silkworm faeces, integument and the remaining feedstuff that can not eat.

Further, in step (2), 27 DEG C～28 DEG C of temperature and 50%～75% humidity environment can accelerate larva Spinning rate, humiture when simultaneously being cocoond by stability contorting, stablize the fiber number of larva discharge silk.

By such scheme, the invention have the advantages that

Use the inventive method, it is possible to be fully solved prior art use four moultinism cultivated silkworm breed varieties be merely able to produce 2.3～ The middle fine denier silk of 2.6D, and the fine denier silk problem of below fiber number 2.0D can not be produced；It is made without fine denier silkworm The selection-breeding of kind, directly utilizes the four molt silkworm kinds that the feedstuff ration size during Folium Mori are educated is good, silk quality is outstanding, is greatly saved Silkworm breeding time and cost；Synthetic diet is used or not new fresh mulberry leaf, it is not necessary to consider Folium Mori growth and silkworm Development progress equilibrium problem, solve prior art produce fine denier silk time occur three moultinism silkworm larva phases significantly contract The available Folium Mori growth cycle that short strip is come shortens, unit are mulberry field produces the problem that cocoon yield declines；Owing to not changing Become the larva moultinism of four moultinism cultivated silkworm breed varieties, it is possible to the three molt silkworm rates that solution prior art occurs when producing fine denier silk are not There is the problem raising operation exceptional hardship in three molt silkworms stably caused and four molt silkworms simultaneously；The four molt silkworm kinds raised The Bombyx bombycis produced, cocoon type can reach Folium Mori in autumn and educate the Bombyx bombycis size of production, even more than Folium Mori in summer and educate the Bombyx bombycis of production, Cocoon type be noticeably greater than prior art raise three molt silkworm variety production Bombyx bombycis, be also significantly greater than biological active substances induce four dormancies Property silkworm become three molt silkworms produce Bombyx bombycis, Bombyx bombycis can adapt to existing silk deep process skill based on four moultinism Bombyx bombycis Art, overcomes the Technology poor universality of existing fine denier silk deep processing, problem that cost is high；Single box silkworm egg (25000 Ovum) the three molt silkworm cocoon yields induced significantly beyond three molt silkworm kinds or biological active substances of the cocoon yield that produces, Results happiness sense and the acceptance of silkworm raiser and potential technology application person can be improved；The feedstuff of the present invention is bred silkworms with the most existing Feedstuff sericulture technology have significant difference, by changing existing sericulture feedstuff constituent and Bombyx bombycis production environment, produce Go out fine denier even ultrafine-titer, silk quality reaches the high-quality silk that Folium Mori sericulture produces.Solve existing feedstuff sericulture skill The size of cocoon filament that art produces changes greatly, it is impossible to realize producing fiber number metastable fine denier silk, fine denier in can only producing The problem of silk.

Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technological means of the present invention, And can be practiced according to the content of description, below for embodiments of the invention coordinate detailed results.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in further detail.Following example are used for The present invention is described, but is not limited to the scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1

Selecting four moultinism cultivated silkworm breed variety Jingsong×Haoyues, this kind is that the provinces and regions such as Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang, Anhui, Sichuan are general The high yield and high quality first cross kind Silkworm varieties combination raised all over Folium Mori.

(1) existing Folium Mori educate technology raising Jingsong×Haoyue kind

New fresh mulberry leaf is used to raise Jingsong×Haoyue kind, feeding environment temperature 1～2 age 27.0 DEG C～28.0 DEG C, 3～4 Age 23.0 DEG C～25.0 DEG C, 5 ages 22.0 DEG C～25.0 DEG C；Feeding environment relative humidity 1 age 85%～95%, 2 ages 80%～ 90%, 3～5 age 65%～85%.When 5 instar larvae later stages saw 1%～3% ripe larva, the larva (20000 of every silkworm egg ～25000) use and step on a small bundle of straw, etc. for silkworms to spin cocoons on agent 50 milliliters, add water to body spray after 2 liters of mixings, within 10～14 hours, successor maturation larva is climbed up voluntarily Paper cocooning frame, indoor 23.0 DEG C～25.0 DEG C of natural temperature cocoonings.The tasar silkworm cocoon silk size produced, 2.7～3.3D, belongs to common Fiber number silk；Silk cleans more than 95 points, clean more than 94 points, belongs to high-quality silk.The silkworm cocoon reelability that this breeding technology produces Rate 77.3%, every box silkworm egg produces Bombyx bombycis 44.2 kilograms, and raising the elapsed time larval phase in full age is 26.8 days, meets cyanines pine × white Trait expression in moon kind long-term production application.

(2) existing feedstuff sericulture technology (technology educated by feedstuff) raises Jingsong×Haoyue kind

Feedstuff is purchased from market, wherein powder of Folium Mori 20%, bean cake powder 40%, other composition 40% (cellulose 8%, starch 8%, sucrose 5%, yeast 8%, citric acid 2.5%, antibiotic 0.5% and inorganic salt 8%).Feeding environment temperature 1 age 29.0 DEG C ～30.0 DEG C, 2 ages 28.0 DEG C～29.0 DEG C, 3 ages 27.0 DEG C～28.0 DEG C, 4 ages 26.0 DEG C～27.0 DEG C, 5 ages 25.0 DEG C～ 26.0℃；Feeding environment relative humidity 1 age 85%～95%, 2 ages 80%～85% in age 80%～90%, 3～5.After 5 instar larvaes When phase sees 1%～3% ripe larva, the larva (20000～25000) of every silkworm egg uses and steps on a small bundle of straw, etc. for silkworms to spin cocoons on agent 50 milliliters, adds water Body spray to 2 liters of mixings, 10～14 hours successor maturation larvas climb up paper cocooning frame, indoor 23.0 DEG C～25.0 DEG C of natures voluntarily Temperature cocooning.It is 26.2 days that the Jingsong×Haoyue that this technology is raised raises the elapsed time kind larval phase in full age, the Bombyx bombycis of production Silk length 1193 meters, reelability percentage 71.7%, 39.3 kilograms/box of cocoon yield, meet the existing feedstuff of Jingsong×Haoyue kind and breed silkworms Producing the trait expression of report, the trait expression educating raising with Folium Mori is close.It is loose × white that existing feedstuff sericulture technology raises cyanines The Bombyx bombycis of month variety production, the size of cocoon filament is 2.16D, belongs to middle fine denier silk；Silk cleans 98.5 points, clean 98.9 points, Fall within high-quality silk.

(3) feedstuff sericulture technology (technology educated by feedstuff) of the present invention raises Jingsong×Haoyue kind

Using silkworm artificial feed disclosed by the invention, feedstuff consists of: powder of Folium Mori 35%, bean cake powder 42% (wherein bean Protein content 43% in dregs of rice powder), corn starch 12%, feed grade carboxymethyl cellulose 5%, feed grade compound vitamin 3%, Citric acid 2%, feed grade mixed inorganic 1%, in feedstuff of the present invention inorganic salt employ commercially available herding potassium dihydrogen phosphate, The quality geometric ratio mixture of potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, calcium carbonate and iron sulfate.Feed formula of the present invention by increase bean cake powder and The content of powder of Folium Mori improves the protein content in feedstuff, advantageously in the needs of silkworm silk protein synthesis, in feedstuff Total protein content 26.3%, is significantly higher than the protein content 22.1% in above-mentioned market purchasing feedstuff；Employ Semen Maydis to form sediment Powder instead of potato starch, does not the most use sucrose, yeast and antibiotic, reduces feed cost.

The feedstuff sericulture concrete operations that the technology of the present invention uses are:

1) collect ants: use the method for brushing of prior art, will turn the silkworm seed bag kind after green grass or young crops, black protect in the dark to day of collecting ants, Newly-hatched silkworm is collected, to the man-made feeds of cutting after photosensitive.

2) environmental Kuznets Curves: raising target temperature is 1 age 30 DEG C, 1 sleeps and 2 age 29 DEG C, and 2 sleep and 3 age 28 DEG C, and 3 sleep With 4 age 27 DEG C, 4 dormancies and 5 age 25 DEG C～26 DEG C；Indoor objects relative humidity 1 age 90～about 95%, after 2 ages 80～ About 85%；In addition to raising operation, indoor holding is dark；Measure of particularly taking a breath, 5 upper and lower noons in age is not taked for 1～4 ages respectively to open Window is taken a breath 1 time, each 20～30 minutes.

3) feedstuff adds: each feed 1 time when feed 1 time when 1 age only collected ants, 2 ages～first feeding in per age in 5 ages, in 3 ages and 4 ages Phase adds feedstuff 1 time, adds feedstuff next day of 5 age.1 age educated to feedstuff employing in 4 ages cutting, and feedstuff is pinched into irregular with hands by 5 ages Bulk feeds.

4) diseases prevention and health measure: front silkworm room rearing instrument of breeding silkworms is sterilized with bleaching powder in advance, operates knot during sericulture every time The bleaching powder sterilization of Shu Jinhang ground and ambient ultraviolet lamp are sterilized；Silkworm rearing bed and silkworm body use mascardine-proof dust 1 time in sleeping each age；Breed silkworms behaviour As time wear 1 property glove；Rise each age and carry net after silkworm carries out screening first feeding and remove sand 1 time, remove silkworm faeces, integument can not eat with remnants Feedstuff.

5) cocooing process: when 5 instar larvae later stages saw 1%～3% ripe larva, the larva of every silkworm egg uses and steps on a small bundle of straw, etc. for silkworms to spin cocoons on agent 50 milliliters, adding water to body spray after 2 liters of mixings, within 10～14 hours, successor maturation larva climbs up paper cocooning frame cocooning voluntarily, opens larva Begin to weave silk in 2～2.5 days cocoond, uses 27 DEG C～28 DEG C of higher temperatures and 50%～75% relatively low-humidity environment to protect, so After proceed to 23 DEG C～the protection of 25 DEG C of natural temperatures, latter 7 days harvesting of cocoons of being placed on small straw bundles to spin cocoons.

Raising the elapsed time the technology of the present invention larval phase in full age is 25.4 days, 37.8 kilograms/box of cocoon yield, the silkworm of production Cocoon silk length 1259 meters, meets the sericulture of Jingsong×Haoyue kind existing feedstuff and produces the trait expression of report, educate raising with Folium Mori Trait expression close；Reelability percentage 66.9%, it is possible to meet the manufacturing technique requirent of automatic silk reeling；The size of cocoon filament is 1.58D, belongs to In fine denier silk；Silk cleans 98.0 points, clean 95.5 points, exceedes the tasar silkworm cocoon yarn quality using new fresh mulberry leaf to produce, and belongs to In high-quality silk, produce 6A level high-quality raw silk further.

The present embodiment uses three kinds of technology to raise Jingsong×Haoyue kind in areal, and silk achievement is as shown in table 1.

Table 1 different technologies raises the silk Growth Results table of four moultinism cultivated silkworm breed variety Jingsong×Haoyues

Embodiment 2

Selecting four moultinism cultivated silkworm breed variety bright moons × cyanines pine, this kind is that the provinces and regions such as Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang, Anhui, Sichuan are general The high yield and high quality first cross Silkworm varieties combination raised all over Folium Mori.

(1) existing Folium Mori educate technology raising bright moon × cyanines pine kind

New fresh mulberry leaf is used to raise bright moon × cyanines pine kind, feeding environment temperature 1～2 age 27.0 DEG C～28.0 DEG C, 3～4 Age 23.0 DEG C～25.0 DEG C, 5 ages 22.0 DEG C～25.0 DEG C；Feeding environment relative humidity 1 age 85%～95%, 2 ages 80%～ 90%, 3～5 age 65%～85%.When 5 instar larvae later stages saw 1%～3% ripe larva, the larva of every silkworm egg uses and steps on A small bundle of straw, etc. for silkworms to spin cocoons on agent 50 milliliters, adds water to body spray after 2 liters of mixings, and 10～14 hours successor maturation larvas climb up paper cocooning frame, indoor 22.0 voluntarily DEG C～24.0 DEG C of natural temperature cocoonings.The tasar silkworm cocoon silk size that breeding technology produces, at 2.5D～3.1D, belongs to common fiber number cocoon Silk, silk cleans more than 95 points, clean more than 94 points, belongs to high-quality silk.The silkworm cocoon reelability rate that this breeding technology produces is 77.3%, every box silkworm egg produces Bombyx bombycis 41.3 kilograms, and raising the elapsed time larval phase in full age is 27.1 days, meets bright moon × cyanines pine Trait expression in the application of kind long-term production.

(2) existing feedstuff sericulture technology (technology educated by feedstuff) raises bright moon × cyanines pine kind

Feedstuff is purchased from market, wherein powder of Folium Mori 20%, bean cake powder 40%, other composition 40% (cellulose 8%, starch 8%, sucrose 5%, yeast 8%, citric acid 2.5%, antibiotic 0.5% and inorganic salt 8%).Feeding environment temperature 1 age 29.0 DEG C ～30.0 DEG C, 2 ages 28.0 DEG C～29.0 DEG C, 3 ages 27.0 DEG C～28.0 DEG C, 4 ages 26.0 DEG C～27.0 DEG C, 5 ages 25.0 DEG C～ 26.0℃；Feeding environment relative humidity 1 age 85%～95%, 2 ages 80%～85% in age 80%～90%, 3～5.After 5 instar larvaes When phase sees 1%～3% ripe larva, the larva of every silkworm egg uses and steps on a small bundle of straw, etc. for silkworms to spin cocoons on agent 50 milliliters, adds water to body spray after 2 liters of mixings, 10～14 hours successor maturation larvas climb up paper cocooning frame, indoor 22.0 DEG C～24.0 DEG C of natural temperature cocoonings voluntarily.This technology is raised It is 27.0 days that the bright moon × cyanines pine supported raises the elapsed time kind larval phase in full age, and the tasar silkworm cocoon filament length of production 1299 meters is unwinding Rate 64.3%, 37.86 kilograms/box of cocoon yield, meet bright moon × cyanines pine kind existing feedstuff sericulture and produce the character table of report Existing, the trait expression educating raising with Folium Mori is close.Existing feedstuff sericulture technology raises the Bombyx bombycis of bright moon × cyanines pine variety production, The size of cocoon filament is 2.10D, belongs to middle fine denier silk；Silk cleans 98.5 points, clean 97.5 points, falls within high-quality silk.

(3) feedstuff sericulture technology (technology educated by feedstuff) of the present invention raises bright moon × cyanines pine kind

Using silkworm artificial feed disclosed by the invention, feedstuff consists of: powder of Folium Mori 35%, bean cake powder 42% (wherein egg White matter content 43%), sweet potato starch 11%, Ramulus Mori powder 6%, feed grade compound vitamin 3%, citric acid 2%, feed grade Mixed inorganic 1%, in feedstuff of the present invention, inorganic salt employs commercially available herding dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, carbon Acid calcium, iron sulfate and the quality geometric ratio mixture of manganese sulfate.Feed formula of the present invention is by increasing containing of bean cake powder and powder of Folium Mori Amount improves the protein content in feedstuff, and advantageously in the needs of silkworm silk protein synthesis, the gross protein in feedstuff contains Amount 26.5%, is significantly higher than the protein content 22.1% in above-mentioned market purchasing feedstuff；Further, feedstuff of the present invention makes With Ramulus Mori powder alternative fiber element, the Ramulus Mori that silkworm originally can not eat effectively is utilized simultaneously, reduce feedstuff This, the gum component in twig powder can enhance the molding of feedstuff simultaneously；Further, feed formula of the present invention does not use Sucrose, yeast and antibiotic, reduce feed cost.

The feedstuff sericulture concrete operations that the technology of the present invention uses are:

1) collect ants: use the method for brushing of prior art, will turn the silkworm seed bag kind after green grass or young crops, black protect in the dark to day of collecting ants, Newly-hatched silkworm is collected, to the man-made feeds of cutting after photosensitive.

2) environmental Kuznets Curves: raising target temperature is 1 age 30 DEG C, 1 sleeps and 2 age 29 DEG C, and 2 sleep and 3 age 28 DEG C, and 3 sleep With 4 age 27 DEG C, 4 dormancies and 5 age 25 DEG C～26 DEG C；Indoor objects relative humidity 1 age 90%～95%, after 2 ages 80%～ 85%；In addition to raising operation, indoor holding is dark；Measure of particularly taking a breath, 5 upper and lower noons in age is not taked for 1～4 ages respectively to window and change Gas 1 time, each 20～30 minutes.

3) feedstuff adds: each feed 1 time when feed 1 time when 1 age only collected ants, 2 ages～first feeding in per age in 5 ages, in 3 ages and 4 ages Phase adds feedstuff 1 time, adds feedstuff next day of 5 age.1 age educated to feedstuff employing in 4 ages cutting, and feedstuff is pinched into irregular with hands by 5 ages Bulk feeds.

4) diseases prevention and health measure: front silkworm room rearing instrument of breeding silkworms is sterilized with bleaching powder in advance, operates knot during sericulture every time The bleaching powder sterilization of Shu Jinhang ground and ambient ultraviolet lamp are sterilized；Silkworm rearing bed and silkworm body use mascardine-proof dust 1 time in sleeping each age；Breed silkworms behaviour As time wear 1 property glove；Rise each age and carry net after silkworm carries out screening first feeding and remove sand 1 time, remove silkworm faeces, integument can not eat with remnants Feedstuff.

5) cocooing process: when 5 instar larvae later stages saw 1%～3% ripe larva, the larva of every silkworm egg uses and steps on a small bundle of straw, etc. for silkworms to spin cocoons on agent 50 milliliters, adding water to body spray after 2 liters of mixings, within 10～14 hours, successor maturation larva climbs up paper cocooning frame cocooning voluntarily, opens larva Begin to weave silk in 2～2.5 days cocoond, uses 27 DEG C～28 DEG C of higher temperatures and 50%～75% relatively low-humidity environment to protect, so After proceed to 22 DEG C～the protection of 24 DEG C of natural temperatures, latter 7 days harvesting of cocoons of being placed on small straw bundles to spin cocoons.

Raising the elapsed time the technology of the present invention larval phase in full age is 26.4 days, 31.92 kilograms/box of cocoon yield, production Tasar silkworm cocoon filament length 1388 meters, meets bright moon × cyanines pine kind existing feedstuff sericulture and produces the trait expression of report, educate with Folium Mori and raise The trait expression supported is close；Reelability percentage 67.1%, it is possible to meet the manufacturing technique requirent of automatic silk reeling；The size of cocoon filament is 1.30D, Belong to ultrafine-titer silk；Silk cleans 99.0 points, clean 97.5 points, exceedes the tasar silkworm cocoon silk quality using new fresh mulberry leaf to produce Amount, belongs to high-quality silk, has produced 6A level high-quality raw silk further.

The present embodiment uses three kinds of technology to raise bright moon × cyanines pine kind in areal, and silk achievement is as shown in table 2.

Table 2 different technologies raises the silk Growth Results table of four moultinism cultivated silkworm breed variety bright moons × cyanines pine

Compared with breeding silkworms with new fresh mulberry leaf, it is high that existing feedstuff sericulture technology produces the yielding poorly of Bombyx bombycis, cost, and produces The Bombyx bombycis that Bombyx bombycis silk feature is produced by Folium Mori sericulture is completely covered, and therefore feedstuff is bred silkworms and produced Bombyx bombycis the most not by sericulture dealer Accepting well, domestic production of breeding silkworms also does not has large scale application.Use the technology of the present invention method, improve feedstuff and breed silkworms Technology, it is possible to the existing diet of steady production or new fresh mulberry leaf raise the fine denier silk that four molt silkworm kinds cannot produce Even ultrafine-titer silk, its silk deviation is little, it is possible to manufacture the slim silk fabric of high-quality, is also adaptable for producing medical operation suture Line, can be combined with chemical fibre, make the novel products such as stria cored silk and printed crepe de chine, add silk added value of product.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention, it is noted that for this skill For the those of ordinary skill in art field, on the premise of without departing from the technology of the present invention principle, it is also possible to make some improvement and Modification, these improve and modification also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a silkworm artificial feed, it is characterised in that on the basis of described feedstuff gross weight, including following mass percent Component: powder of Folium Mori 34%～35.5%, bean cake powder 41%～43%, starch 11%～13%, cellulose 5%～7%, feed grade Compound vitamin 2%～3%, citric acid 1%～2%, feed grade mixed inorganic 1%.

Silkworm artificial feed the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include each component of following mass percent: Powder of Folium Mori 35%, bean cake powder 42%, starch 11%～12%, cellulose 5%～6%, feed grade compound vitamin 3%, Fructus Citri Limoniae Acid 2%, feed grade mixed inorganic 1%.

Silkworm artificial feed the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described starch is corn starch or Radix Ipomoeae Starch.

Silkworm artificial feed the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described cellulose is feed grade carboxymethyl Cellulose or Ramulus Mori powder.

5. silkworm artificial feed as claimed in claim 1 is for the method producing fine denier silkworm silk, and its feature exists In, comprise the following steps:

(1) select four moultinism cultivated silkworm breed varieties, raise with silkworm artificial feed；

(2) when 1%～3% ripe larva occur in 5 instar larvaes, a small bundle of straw, etc. for silkworms to spin cocoons on agent is stepped on to the spray of larva body so that became after 10～14 hours Ripe larva climbs up nest cocooning voluntarily, and described ripe larva weaves silk under 27 DEG C～28 DEG C of temperature and 50%～75% humidity environment Cocooing 2～2.5 days, then ripe larva continues to weave silk and complete to cocoon at 23 DEG C～25 DEG C, obtains described fine denier silkworm Silk.

Silkworm artificial feed the most according to claim 5 is for the method producing fine denier silkworm silk, it is characterised in that: In step (1), described four moultinism cultivated silkworm breed varieties are Jingsong×Haoyue.

Silkworm artificial feed the most according to claim 6 is for the method producing fine denier silkworm silk, it is characterised in that: The described fine denier size of cocoon filament is 1.58D.

Silkworm artificial feed the most according to claim 5 is for the method producing fine denier silkworm silk, it is characterised in that: In step (1), described four moultinism cultivated silkworm breed varieties are bright moon × cyanines pine.

Silkworm artificial feed the most according to claim 8 is for the method producing fine denier silkworm silk, it is characterised in that: The described fine denier size of cocoon filament is 1.30D.

Silkworm artificial feed the most according to claim 5 is for the method producing fine denier silkworm silk, and its feature exists In: in step (2), 7～8 days harvesting of cocoons after described ripe larva is placed on small straw bundles to spin cocoons.