CN106130478B - Solar energy power generating detection system and method based on Hall voltage sensor - Google Patents
Solar energy power generating detection system and method based on Hall voltage sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106130478B CN106130478B CN201610643520.3A CN201610643520A CN106130478B CN 106130478 B CN106130478 B CN 106130478B CN 201610643520 A CN201610643520 A CN 201610643520A CN 106130478 B CN106130478 B CN 106130478B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
- H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
A kind of solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor, data processing computer including real-time monitoring photovoltaic module operating status, it is characterised in that it includes voltage regulator circuit unit, voltage signal acquisition circuit unit, data processing circuit unit, toggle switch unit and CAN bus data transmission circuit unit；Its working method includes acquisition, processing, the CAN bus transmission of voltage signal；Its superiority: Hall voltage measurement accuracy is high, measurement range is big, fast response time, the measurement method linearity are good, is not influenced by outside environmental elements, and can carry out real-time monitoring to solar panel.
Description
(1) technical field:
The present invention is used for the real-time detection field of solar photovoltaic electrification component, carries out for the voltage of photovoltaic generating system
It monitors and uploads data in real time, understand the operating status of photovoltaic module at the first time；It is especially a kind of to be sensed based on Hall voltage
The solar energy power generating detection system and method for device；Hall sensor is related generally to the reality of photovoltaic generating system output voltage
When detection and CAN bus data transmission technology.
(2) background technique:
With the sustainable development that modern industrialization is built, a kind of renewable energy of the solar energy as cleanliness without any pollution can
To be utilised continuously, under the promotion of national new energy policy, Chinese photovoltaic product yield and production capacity are continuously increased.With
This also becomes matter of utmost importance simultaneously, for the detection and maintenance of photovoltaic electrification component.
Currently, photovoltaic generating system mostly uses greatly DC power supply, practical experience show all photovoltaic modulies parameter it
In, the output voltage of photovoltaic module best embodies the present situation of photovoltaic module.Photovoltaic group can be judged according to output end voltage
Whether the power generation situation of part, current voltage exceed the limiting voltage of permission.It can also judge the homogeneity quality etc. of photovoltaic module.
Therefore, particularly significant to the measurement of the output end voltage of photovoltaic module.
The monitoring key of solar panel working condition is the acquisition of solar panel output voltage signal.Due to
The quantity of series-connected solar cells plate is more, and whole group voltage is very high, and has current potential connection between each solar panel,
Therefore it directly measures relatively difficult.In research solar panel monitoring systematic procedure, there has been proposed many measurements series connection
The method of single solar panel end voltage of cell plate group.
Existing measuring technique mainly includes common mode mensuration, differential mode mensuration, voltage is extracted in relay switching, V/F is converted
Oncontacting point sampling extracts voltage, floating ground technology measures battery terminal voltage.
Compared with existing photovoltaic module voltage monitoring system, it is an advantage of the invention that selection Hall voltage sensor measurement
Voltage, Hall voltage measurement accuracy is high compared with common mode mensuration, and precision is better than 1% in operating temperature area, which is suitble to
In the measurement of any waveform, the not high drawback of common mode mensuration precision can effectively improve；Compared with differential mode mensuration, Hall voltage
Measurement range is big, and voltage measurement is largely better than differential mode mensuration up to 6400V, solves differential mode mensuration measurement model
Enclose small problem；In contrast, voltage method is extracted in relay switching makes precision become low, and capacitor charge and discharge time and crystal
The disadvantages of pipe and the long device activities delay sampling time such as isolated core, is also clearly；It is converted using V/F as A/D converter
The disadvantage is that response speed is slow, the poor linearity in small signal region, precision is low, and the Hall voltage measurement method linearity is good, excellent
In 0.1%；Floating ground technology measures battery terminal voltage, and ground potential is often changed by scene interference, influences whole system
Measurement accuracy, Hall voltage mensuration measures voltage based on Hall effect by comparison, not by outside environmental elements shadow
It rings, guarantees that measurement accuracy will not change.
In addition, existing voltage detection scheme is single voltage measurement, it cannot accomplish the Real-Time Sharing of data, use is numerous
It is trivial, be not suitable for photovoltaic generating system field operation.It is of the invention another advantage is that number compared with existing voltage detecting system
According to that can upload in real time, the present invention uses CAN bus data transfer mode, data can be uploaded to host computer in real time, this is
Other single voltage monitoring systems are incomparable.
In view of the particularity of photovoltaic generating system, in conjunction with the advantage and disadvantage of existing measurement method, the present invention is using Hall electricity
Pressure sensor measures series-connected cell board group voltage, and Hall sensor is a kind of magnetic field sensor made according to Hall effect.
(3) summary of the invention:
The solar energy power generating detection system that the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of based on Hall voltage sensor and
Method, it can be that a kind of structure is simple and convenient to operate, and can monitor photovoltaic module in real time with overcome the deficiencies in the prior art
The system of working condition, and working method is simple, reliable.
Technical solution of the present invention: a kind of solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor, including
The data processing computer of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module operating status, it is characterised in that it includes voltage regulator circuit unit, voltage letter
Number Acquisition Circuit unit, data processing circuit unit, toggle switch unit and CAN bus data transmission circuit unit；Wherein institute
State the voltage signal of the input terminal acquisition solar panel of voltage signal acquisition circuit unit, output end and data processing electricity
The input terminal of road unit connects；The input terminal connection data processing circuit unit of the CAN bus data transmission circuit unit
Output end, output end are connect by CAN bus with the data processing computer of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module operating status；It is described
Voltage regulator circuit unit is voltage signal acquisition circuit unit, data processing circuit unit and CAN bus data transmission circuit unit
Stabilized power supply is provided；The toggle switch unit is connect with the input terminal of data processing circuit unit.
The voltage signal acquisition circuit unit includes N number of voltage signal acquisition circuit；N is the positive integer more than or equal to 1；
The value of N is corresponding with the quantity of solar panel in the photovoltaic array for the connection that needs detect；The photovoltaic battle array
Column are X*Y dimension arrays, wherein X is the solar panel number being serially connected；A branch is made of X solar panel
Road；Y is the number of branch parallel with one another；The number N=Y of the voltage signal acquisition circuit unit；Each voltage letter
The number of voltage signal acquisition circuit is X+1 in number Acquisition Circuit unit；Required voltage signal acquisition in the photovoltaic array
The number N=X*Y+Y of circuit.
The voltage signal acquisition circuit is made of Hall sensor H, resistance R, capacitor C and connecting terminal J；Wherein institute
Stating Hall sensor H has 1 pin, 3 pins, 4 pins, 5 pins, 6 pins and 8 pins；Two terminals of the connecting terminal J point
Not Lian Jie and Hall sensor H have between 1 pin and 8 pins of Hall sensor H；One end of the resistance R and hall sensing
6 pins of device H connect, and the other end is connect with one end of capacitor C, simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；Institute
State the other end ground connection of capacitor C；3 pins of the Hall sensor H connect 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H
It empties；5 pins of the Hall sensor H are grounded.
The photovoltaic array is 6*4 dimension array, 4 branches；The number of the voltage signal acquisition circuit unit
It is 4；Each voltage signal acquisition circuit unit is made of 7 voltage signal acquisition circuits, is denoted as voltage respectively
Signal acquisition circuit I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II, voltage signal acquisition circuit I V, voltage
Signal acquisition circuit V, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI and voltage signal acquisition circuit VII；Wherein, the voltage signal acquisition electricity
Road I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II, voltage signal acquisition circuit I V, voltage signal acquisition electricity
Road V, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI acquire the voltage signal of 6 pieces of solar photovoltaic cell panels respectively；The voltage signal acquisition
Circuit VII then acquires the total voltage signal of whole branch.
The voltage signal acquisition circuit I is by Hall sensor H1, connecting terminal J5, resistance R101, capacitor C101 structure
At；Two terminals of the connecting terminal J5, which are separately connected, has 1 pin and 8 pins of Hall sensor H1 with Hall sensor H1
Between；One end of the resistance R101 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H1, and one end of the other end and capacitor C101 connect
Connect, simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；The other end of the capacitor C101 is grounded；The Hall sensor H1
3 pins connect 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H1 empty；5 pins of the Hall sensor H1 are grounded；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit I I is by Hall sensor H2, connecting terminal J6, resistance R102, capacitor C102 structure
At；Two terminals of the connecting terminal J6, which are separately connected, has 1 pin and 8 pins of Hall sensor H2 with Hall sensor H2
Between；One end of the resistance R102 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H2, and one end of the other end and capacitor C102 connect
Connect, simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；The other end of the capacitor C102 is grounded；The Hall sensor H2
3 pins connect 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H2 empty；5 pins of the Hall sensor H2 are grounded；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit I II is by Hall sensor H3, connecting terminal J7, resistance R103, capacitor C103
It constitutes；Two terminals of the connecting terminal J7, which are separately connected, has 1 pin and 8 pipes of Hall sensor H3 with Hall sensor H3
Between foot；One end of the resistance R103 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H3, and one end of the other end and capacitor C103 connect
Connect, simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；The other end of the capacitor C103 is grounded；The Hall sensor H3
3 pins connect 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H3 empty；5 pins of the Hall sensor H3 are grounded；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit I V is by Hall sensor H4, connecting terminal J8, resistance R104, capacitor C104 structure
At；Two terminals of the connecting terminal J8, which are separately connected, has 1 pin and 8 pins of Hall sensor H4 with Hall sensor H4
Between；One end of the resistance R104 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H4, and one end of the other end and capacitor C104 connect
Connect, simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；The other end of the capacitor C104 is grounded；The Hall sensor H4
3 pins connect 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H4 empty；5 pins of the Hall sensor H4 are grounded；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit V is by Hall sensor H5, connecting terminal J9, resistance R105, capacitor C105 structure
At；Two terminals of the connecting terminal J9, which are separately connected, has 1 pin and 8 pins of Hall sensor H5 with Hall sensor H5
Between；One end of the resistance R105 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H5, and one end of the other end and capacitor C105 connect
Connect, simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；The other end of the capacitor C105 is grounded；The Hall sensor H5
3 pins connect 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H5 empty；5 pins of the Hall sensor H5 are grounded；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit VI is by Hall sensor H6, connecting terminal J10, resistance R106, capacitor C106
It constitutes；Two terminals of the connecting terminal J10 are separately connected have 1 pin and Hall sensor H6 with Hall sensor H6 8
Between pin；One end of the resistance R106 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H6, one end of the other end and capacitor C106
Connection, simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；The other end of the capacitor C106 is grounded；The Hall sensor
3 pins of H6 connect 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H6 empty；5 pins of the Hall sensor H6 are grounded.
The Hall sensor H1, Hall sensor H2, Hall sensor H3, Hall sensor H4, Hall sensor H5,
Hall sensor H6 is the Hall voltage sensor of model NHS01.
The voltage signal acquisition circuit VII is by Hall sensor H7, connecting terminal J11, resistance R107, capacitor C107
It constitutes；The Hall sensor H7 has 1 pin, 5 pins, 6 pins, 7 pins, 9 pins and 10 pins；The connecting terminal J11
Two terminals be separately connected and have between 1 pin and 5 pins of Hall sensor H7 with Hall sensor H7；The resistance R107
One end connect with 9 pins of Hall sensor H7, the other end is connect with one end of capacitor C107, and simultaneous connection is according to processing
The input terminal of circuit unit；The other end of the capacitor C107 is grounded；The 10 pins connection 15V electricity of the Hall sensor H7
Source；6 pins of the Hall sensor H7 empty；7 pins of the Hall sensor H7 are grounded.
The Hall sensor H7 is the Hall voltage sensor of model IHV001.
The data processing circuit unit is by single-chip microcontroller U1, resistance R28, resistance R1, resistance R5, capacitor C10, capacitor
C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, crystal oscillator Y1, LED light L2, connecting terminal J1 are constituted；Wherein, one end of the capacitor C10 and single-chip microcontroller
U1 connection, other end ground connection；The capacitor C1 and the one end capacitor C2 are grounded simultaneously, and the other end then respectively with crystal oscillator Y1 two
End is connected；The both ends of the crystal oscillator Y1 are also connect with single-chip microcontroller U1 respectively；One end of the resistance R28 is connect with single-chip microcontroller U1,
Its other end connects connecting terminal J1；One end of the capacitor C3 connects connecting terminal J1；Its other end ground connection；The resistance R1
One end connect connecting terminal J1；Its another termination power VCC；The connecting terminal J1 is also connect with power supply VCC；The resistance
One end of R5 is connect with single-chip microcontroller U1, and the other end is connect with one end of LED light L2；The other end of the LED light L2 is grounded；Institute
It states connecting terminal J1 and is connect according to line program with the USB port of the data processing computer of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module operating status.
The single-chip microcontroller U1 is PIC18F25K80 singlechip chip, totally 28 pins, from MCLR/RE3 pin counterclockwise
Serial number is successively denoted as No. 1 pin~No. 28 pin；The connecting terminal J1 is mcu programming interface and is used to debug journey
The connecting terminal of sequence, there is 6 pins, and label is denoted as No. 1 interface~No. 6 interface；No. 2 pins of the single-chip microcontroller U1, No. 3 draw
Foot, No. 4 pins, No. 5 pins, No. 7 pins, No. 21 pins and No. 22 pins are separately connected resistance in voltage signal acquisition circuit I
Resistance R103, voltage signal acquisition in resistance R102, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II in R101, voltage signal acquisition circuit I I
Resistance R106, electricity in resistance R105, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI in resistance R104, voltage signal acquisition circuit V in circuit I V
Press resistance R107 in signal acquisition circuit VII；No. 6 pins of the single-chip microcontroller U1 are connect with one end of capacitor C10；The monolithic
No. 8 pins of machine U1 are grounded；No. 9 pins of the single-chip microcontroller U1 and No. 10 pin connections are connect with the both ends of crystal oscillator Y1 respectively；
No. 1 pin of the single-chip microcontroller U1 is connect with one end of resistance R28；No. 1 interface of the connecting terminal J1 is another with resistance R28's
One end connection；No. 1 interface of the connecting terminal J1 is connect with one end of capacitor C3；No. 1 interface of the connecting terminal J1 with
One end of resistance R1 connects；No. 2 interfaces of the connecting terminal J1 connect power supply VCC；Its No. 3 interfacing grounds, No. 4 interface orders
28 pins of piece machine U1, No. 5 interfaces connect No. 27 pins of single-chip microcontroller U1；No. 26 pins of the single-chip microcontroller U1 and the one of resistance R5
End connection；No. 19 pins of the single-chip microcontroller U1 are grounded；The single-chip microcontroller U1 has input and output pin, i.e., No. 2~No. 5 pins, 7
Number pin, No. 21~No. 28 pins, No. 11~No. 18 pins, wherein No. 11~No. 18 pins hand with toggle switch unit respectively
Dynamic selection switch connection.
The crystal oscillator Y1 crystal oscillator selects 16MHz, constitutes single-chip minimum system.
Shown voltage regulator circuit unit be by capacitor C4, capacitor C5, capacitor CV2, capacitor CV3, diode D1, diode D2,
Connecting terminal J2, connecting terminal J4, power supply chip MC7805 and power supply chip MC7815 are constituted；The capacitor C4 positive terminal connection
Power supply VCC, negative pole end ground connection；；The capacitor C5 positive terminal connection+15V power supply, negative pole end ground connection；The capacitor CV2 positive terminal
Connection+24V DC power supply, negative pole end ground connection；The capacitor CV3 positive terminal connects connection+24V DC power supply, negative pole end ground connection；
The cathode of the diode D1 is connect with the voltage input Vin terminal of power supply chip MC7805, positive terminal and Interface Terminal
J2 connection；The cathode of the diode D2 is connect with the voltage input Vin terminal of power supply chip MC7815, positive terminal with connect
Mouth terminal J2 connection；The terminal of the connecting terminal J2 is also connect with ground, single-chip microcontroller U1；The terminal of the connecting terminal J2 is also
There are two the terminals emptied；The terminal of the connecting terminal J4 is connect with the non-terminal that empties of connecting terminal J2 respectively；The electricity
Source chip MC7805 voltage output Vout output+5V voltage, GND mouthfuls of ground connection；The voltage of the power supply chip MC7815 is defeated
Export Vout output+15V voltage, GND mouthfuls of ground connection.
The toggle switch unit is 8 manual selection switch, is made of 8 independent switches, each is manually selected out
Pass is connected with 8 I/O pins of single-chip microcontroller U1 respectively, that is, connects No. 11~No. 18 pins of single-chip microcontroller U1.
The data transmission circuit unit includes communication receiving/transmission chip U6, divider resistance R2, divider resistance R3, common mode filtering
Inductance L3, CAN bus filter amplification circuit, Transient Suppression Diode Z1, Transient Suppression Diode Z2, insurance F1 and insurance F2 structure
At；The both ends of the divider resistance R2 are connect with communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and single-chip microcontroller U1 respectively；The two of the divider resistance R3
End is connect with communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and single-chip microcontroller U1 respectively；The communication receiving/transmission chip U6 is connect with common mode filter inductance L3；
The input terminal of the CAN bus filter amplification circuit is connect with common mode filter inductance L3, and output end inhibits two with transient state respectively
Pole pipe Z1, Transient Suppression Diode Z2, insurance F1 are connected with insurance F2.
The CAN bus filter amplification circuit is by capacitor C6, capacitor C7, capacitor C8, resistance R10, resistance R11, resistance
R12 and resistance R13 is constituted；The communication receiving/transmission chip U6 (see Fig. 4) is the CAN transceiving chip of model TJA1040；It is described
It is the connection of CAN bus communication modes between TJA1040 communication chip and the communication interface of single-chip microcontroller PIC18F25K80；It is described logical
News transceiving chip U6 has 8 pins, is denoted as No. 1 pin~No. 8 pin respectively；The both ends of the divider resistance R2 respectively with communication
No. 1 pin of transceiving chip U6 is connected with No. 23 pins of single-chip microcontroller U1；It is received respectively with communication at the both ends of the divider resistance R3
No. 4 pins of hair chip U6 are connected with No. 24 pins of single-chip microcontroller U1；No. 2 pins of the communication receiving/transmission chip U6 are grounded, and No. 3
Pin connects power supply VCC, No. 8 pin ground connection；No. 6 pins and No. 7 pins of the communication receiving/transmission chip U6 respectively with common mode filtering
Inductance L3 connection；One end of the capacitor C6 is connect with common mode filter inductance L3, other end ground connection；The one end the capacitor C7 with
The L3 connection of common mode filtering inductance, other end ground connection；The one end the resistance R10 is connect with common mode filter inductance L3, the other end
It is connect with one end of capacitor C8, capacitor C8 other end ground connection；Described one end R11 is connect with common mode filter inductance L3, the other end
It is connect with one end of capacitor C8；One end of the R12 is connect with common mode filter inductance L3, the other end and Transient Suppression Diode
One end of Z1 connects, the other end ground connection of Transient Suppression Diode Z1；One end of the R13 is connect with common mode filter inductance L3,
Its other end is connect with one end of Transient Suppression Diode Z2, the other end ground connection of Transient Suppression Diode Z2；The insurance F1
One end connect with Transient Suppression Diode Z1, another termination connecting terminal J2；The insurance F2's inhibits two poles with transient state
Pipe Z2 connection, the other end are connect with connecting terminal J2.
The common mode filtering inductance L3 has 4 terminals, is denoted as No. 1 terminal~No. 4 terminal respectively；The common mode filtering inductance
No. 1 terminal of L3, No. 2 terminals, No. 3 terminals, No. 4 terminals respectively with No. 7 pins, the capacitor C6, capacitor of communication receiving/transmission chip U6
No. 6 pins connection of C7, communication receiving/transmission chip U6；No. 2 terminals and No. 3 terminals of the common mode filtering inductance L3 also respectively with electricity
Resistance R10 is connected with resistance R11；No. 2 terminals and No. 3 terminals of the common mode filtering inductance L3 also respectively with resistance R12 and resistance
R13 connection.
A kind of working method of the solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor, it is characterised in that it
The following steps are included:
1. outside+24V DC power supply to be accessed to one end of connecting terminal J2, connecting terminal J2 mono- by voltage regulator circuit unit
End is connected with power supply chip MC7805 and MC7815, and 24V power conversion is+5V by MC7805, and 24V power conversion is by MC7815
+15V；+ 5V DC power supply is used to power for single-chip microcontroller, and+15V DC power supply is used to power for Hall sensor；
2. by the voltage of the Hall sensor H acquisition solar panel in voltage signal acquisition circuit unit, Hall is passed
It is internal after the voltage of sensor H acquisition solar panel to generate Hall effect, the voltage signal of 0-5V is obtained, the voltage signal stream
Single-chip microcontroller U1 into data processing circuit, the divider resistance R between single-chip microcontroller U1 and each Hall sensor play partial pressure and make
With preventing excessively high induced voltage damage single-chip microcontroller；
3. the single-chip microcontroller U1 in data processing circuit receives the voltage signal of Hall sensor H output, in single-chip microcontroller U1
Portion's A/D module carries out digital-to-analogue conversion to it, converts analog signals into digital signal, and press by the internal processes of single-chip microcontroller U1
Data are carried out according to following formula to calculate and corresponding analysis processing:
Measured voltage=((sampling of ad result) * benchmark)/AD digit, 8 digit=256 AD
Obtained testing result is stored to the internal register of single-chip microcontroller U1, then will test knot by its internal ECAN module
Fruit gives CAN bus data transmission circuit unit by CAN bus technology export；ECAN module pin inside single-chip microcontroller U1 passes through
Divider resistance R2, divider resistance R3 in CAN bus data transmission circuit unit are connected with communication receiving/transmission chip U6；The data
The working condition of the distinguishable single-chip microcontroller of LED light L2 in processing circuit unit, the indicator light L2 when single-chip microcontroller is in running order
It can flash；The connecting terminal J1 according to line program and the data processing computer of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module operating status USB
Interface connection can realize the program downloading to single-chip microcontroller U1 by computer, write and run debugging；
4. the station of each solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor is arranged by toggle switch
Number, each of toggle switch is connected with the I/O pin of single-chip microcontroller U1, each has ON/OFF two states, and manual-up group is i.e.
1 is write to be opened to single-chip microcontroller, writes 0 as closing to single-chip microcontroller to setting aside manually, the output of toggle switch is equivalent to 82 systems
Number, i.e. 0000 0000-1111 1111 manually adjust 8 switch contacts of toggle switch, generate 82 system numbers, i.e.,
The station number of one detection system, each individually voltage detecting system are equivalent to a node, each node in CAN bus
There is a different station number, distinguishes the identity of each node in bus system with this；
5. the voltage signal that data transmission circuit unit obtains is received by divider resistance R2 and divider resistance R3 flow direction communication
Chip U6 is sent out, communication receiving/transmission chip U6 carries CAN bus communications protocol, right after the voltage data for receiving single-chip microcontroller U1 transmission
It carries out communications protocol conversion, and the voltage signal after conversion flows to common mode filtering inductance L3, filters out the interference in signal
Ingredient, and protected by the partial pressure of resistance R12 and resistance R13, by Transient Suppression Diode Z1 and Transient Suppression Diode Z2
Flow direction insurance F1 and insurance F2 afterwards is connected with external CAN bus eventually by connecting terminal J2, and will be measured by CAN bus
Obtained voltage data is uploaded to the data processing computer of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module operating status, completes entire detection stream
Journey.
Working principle of the present invention: the present invention is the voltage detecting system based on Hall voltage sensor invention, hall sensing
Device is a kind of magnetic field sensor made according to Hall effect.Hall effect is one kind of magnetoelectric effect, this phenomenon is to grind
It is found when studying carefully the conductive mechanism of metal.Discovery semiconductor, conductive fluid etc. also had a this effect later, and the Hall of semiconductor
Effect is more much better than than metal, using various Hall elements made of this phenomenon, is widely used in industrial automation technology, detection
Technology and information processing etc..
Hall sensor carries out voltage detecting and has the advantage that 1, Hall passes compared with other existing methods in use
Sensor can measure the voltage of random waveform, such as: direct current, exchange, impulse waveform, or even the measurement to transient peak.Secondary side
Electric current verily reacts the waveform of primary current.And common mutual inductor can not then compare with it, it is generally only applicable to survey
Measure 50Hz sine wave；2, there is good electrical isolation between primary circuit and secondary circuit, isolation voltage is up to 9600Vrms；3,
Precision is high: precision is better than 1% in operating temperature area, which is suitable for the measurement of any waveform；4, the linearity is good: being better than
0.1%；5, wide bandwidth: voltage sensor bandwidth is generally within 15kHz, the high-voltage voltage sensors rise time of 6400Vrms
About 500uS, bandwidth about 700Hz；6, measurement range: Hall sensor is series of products, and voltage measurement is up to 6400V.
And CAN is the abbreviation of ControlIerAreaNetwork, i.e. the meaning of " lan controller ", can be belonged to
The scope of industrial field bus, CAN bus send data from a node to another node in a broadcast manner, save when one
When point sends data, the CPU of the node is sent to data to be sent and identifier the CAN chip of this node, and makes it
Into preparation state；Once the CAN chip receives bus assignment, just become sending message status, the CAN chip is to be sent
Data group is issued at defined message format.At this point, for other nodes all in reception state, all nodes will be first in network
It is received, judges whether the message is intended for oneself by detecting.
CAN bus has high reliability, real-time and flexibility in terms of data communication, and application field is extensive.At this
It is since it is considered that CAN bus has the following characteristics that in practical applications that CAN bus transmission mode why is selected in invention
(1) more host mode work: arbitrary node can send data to other nodes at any time on network, and communication mode is flexible；
(2) each node has different priority on network, can satisfy the requirement of real-time；(3) total using non-destructive arbitration
Cable architecture, when two nodes transmit information on network simultaneously, the high preferential transmission of priority；(4) transmission mode is somewhat right
Point, point-to-multipoint, point are to three kinds of overall situation broadcast；(5) communication distance is up to 6km；Traffic rate is up to 1MB/s；Number of nodes is reachable
110；(6) using short frame structure, every frame has 8 effective bytes；(7) there is reliable error-detection mechanism, so that data
Error rate is extremely low；(8) it after the information of transmission is by destroying, can retransmit automatically；(9) node can be cut automatically in serious error
It is disconnected to be contacted with bus, in order to avoid influence other operations in bus.
U6 model TJA1040, TJA1040 realize that the transmission-receiving function of data, L3 are that common mode inductance realizes data-signal
Filter function, Z1, Z2 are Transient Suppression Diodes, and excessively high voltage is limited within a safe range in circuit, from
And play the role of protection circuit below；F1, F2 are insurance resistance, prevent excessively high voltage from pouring in circuit from outside, for protecting
Other electronic devices in protection circuit.
Superiority of the invention: 1, Hall voltage measurement accuracy is high, and precision is better than 1% in operating temperature area, the precision
It is suitable for the measurement of any waveform；2, Hall voltage measurement range is big, and voltage measurement solves differential mode mensuration up to 6400V
The small problem of measurement range；3, present system measurement voltage responsive speed is fast；4, the Hall voltage measurement method linearity is good, excellent
In 0.1%；5, Hall voltage mensuration measures voltage based on Hall effect, is not influenced by outside environmental elements, guarantees
Measurement accuracy will not change；5, the fault detection of photovoltaic module, for the photovoltaic generating system of series connection, by every
The concentration of block solar panel output voltage is analyzed, and the working condition of photovoltaic module is uploaded to host computer in real time, is monitored in real time
The working condition of various components in photovoltaic system can find the specific location of fault point in first time, and sound an alarm, and work
Personnel can safeguard in time, and photovoltaic generating system working efficiency is enable to guarantee.
(4) Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is a kind of whole knot of the solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor involved by the present invention
Structure block diagram.
Fig. 2 is a kind of whole electricity of the solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor involved by the present invention
Line structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is voltage letter in a kind of solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor involved by the present invention
The electrical block diagram of number Acquisition Circuit unit.
Fig. 4 is in a kind of solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor involved by the present invention at data
Manage the electrical block diagram of circuit unit.
Fig. 5 is total for CAN in a kind of solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor involved by the present invention
The electrical block diagram of line data transmission circuit unit.
Fig. 6 is to invent CAN bus in a kind of involved solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor
Filter amplification circuit schematic diagram.
(5) specific embodiment:
Embodiment: a kind of solar energy power generating detection system (see Fig. 1, Fig. 2) based on Hall voltage sensor, including
The data processing computer of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module operating status, it is characterised in that it includes voltage regulator circuit unit, voltage letter
Number Acquisition Circuit unit, data processing circuit unit, toggle switch unit and CAN bus data transmission circuit unit；Wherein institute
State the voltage signal of the input terminal acquisition solar panel of voltage signal acquisition circuit unit, output end and data processing electricity
The input terminal of road unit connects；The input terminal connection data processing circuit unit of the CAN bus data transmission circuit unit
Output end, output end are connect by CAN bus with the data processing computer of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module operating status；It is described
Voltage regulator circuit unit is voltage signal acquisition circuit unit, data processing circuit unit and CAN bus data transmission circuit unit
Stabilized power supply is provided；The toggle switch unit is connect with the input terminal of data processing circuit unit.
The voltage signal acquisition circuit unit includes N number of voltage signal acquisition circuit；N is the positive integer more than or equal to 1；
The value of N is corresponding with the quantity of solar panel in the photovoltaic array for the connection that needs detect；The photovoltaic battle array
Column are X*Y dimension arrays, wherein X is the solar panel number being serially connected；A branch is made of X solar panel
Road；Y is the number of branch parallel with one another；The number of the voltage signal acquisition circuit unit is Y；In the photovoltaic array
The number N=X*Y+Y of required voltage signal acquisition circuit；In this embodiment, X=6, Y=4, then voltage signal acquisition circuit
Unit totally 4；
Each voltage signal acquisition circuit unit (see Fig. 3) is made of 7 voltage signal acquisition circuits, is denoted as respectively
Voltage signal acquisition circuit I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II, voltage signal acquisition circuit I V,
Voltage signal acquisition circuit V, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI and voltage signal acquisition circuit VII；Wherein, the voltage signal is adopted
Collector I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II, voltage signal acquisition circuit I V, voltage signal are adopted
Collector V, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI acquire the voltage signal of 6 pieces of solar photovoltaic cell panels respectively；The voltage signal
Acquisition Circuit VII then acquires the total voltage signal of whole branch.
The voltage signal acquisition circuit I (see Fig. 3) is by Hall sensor H1, connecting terminal J5, resistance R101, capacitor
C101 is constituted；Two terminals of the connecting terminal J5, which are separately connected, has 1 pin and Hall sensor H1 with Hall sensor H1
8 pins between；One end of the resistance R101 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H1, and the other end is with capacitor C101's
One end connection, simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；The other end of the capacitor C101 is grounded；The Hall passes
3 pins of sensor H1 connect 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H1 empty；5 pins of the Hall sensor H1
Ground connection；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit I I (see Fig. 3) is by Hall sensor H2, connecting terminal J6, resistance R102, electricity
Hold C102 to constitute；Two terminals of the connecting terminal J6, which are separately connected, has 1 pin and Hall sensor with Hall sensor H2
Between 8 pins of H2；One end of the resistance R102 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H2, the other end and capacitor C102
One end connection, simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；The other end of the capacitor C102 is grounded；The Hall
3 pins of sensor H2 connect 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H2 empty；5 pipes of the Hall sensor H2
Foot ground connection；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit I II (see Fig. 3) is by Hall sensor H3, connecting terminal J7, resistance R103, electricity
Hold C103 to constitute；Two terminals of the connecting terminal J7, which are separately connected, has 1 pin and Hall sensor with Hall sensor H3
Between 8 pins of H3；One end of the resistance R103 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H3, the other end and capacitor C103
One end connection, simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；The other end of the capacitor C103 is grounded；The Hall
3 pins of sensor H3 connect 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H3 empty；5 pipes of the Hall sensor H3
Foot ground connection；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit I V (see Fig. 3) is by Hall sensor H4, connecting terminal J8, resistance R104, electricity
Hold C104 to constitute；Two terminals of the connecting terminal J8, which are separately connected, has 1 pin and Hall sensor with Hall sensor H4
Between 8 pins of H4；One end of the resistance R104 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H4, the other end and capacitor C104
One end connection, simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；The other end of the capacitor C104 is grounded；The Hall
3 pins of sensor H4 connect 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H4 empty；5 pipes of the Hall sensor H4
Foot ground connection；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit V (see Fig. 3) is by Hall sensor H5, connecting terminal J9, resistance R105, capacitor
C105 is constituted；Two terminals of the connecting terminal J9, which are separately connected, has 1 pin and Hall sensor H5 with Hall sensor H5
8 pins between；One end of the resistance R105 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H5, and the other end is with capacitor C105's
One end connection, simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；The other end of the capacitor C105 is grounded；The Hall passes
3 pins of sensor H5 connect 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H5 empty；5 pins of the Hall sensor H5
Ground connection；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit VI (see Fig. 3) is by Hall sensor H6, connecting terminal J10, resistance R106, electricity
Hold C106 to constitute；Two terminals of the connecting terminal J10, which are separately connected, has 1 pin and Hall sensor with Hall sensor H6
Between 8 pins of H6；One end of the resistance R106 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H6, the other end and capacitor C106
One end connection, simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；The other end of the capacitor C106 is grounded；The Hall
3 pins of sensor H6 connect 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H6 empty；5 pipes of the Hall sensor H6
Foot ground connection.
The Hall sensor H1, Hall sensor H2, Hall sensor H3, Hall sensor H4, Hall sensor H5,
Hall sensor H6 is the Hall voltage sensor of model NHS01.
The voltage signal acquisition circuit VII (see Fig. 3) be by Hall sensor H7, connecting terminal J11, resistance R107,
Capacitor C107 is constituted；The Hall sensor H7 has 1 pin, 5 pins, 6 pins, 7 pins, 9 pins and 10 pins；The wiring
Two terminals of terminal J11 are separately connected to be had between 1 pin and 5 pins of Hall sensor H7 with Hall sensor H7；It is described
One end of resistance R107 is connect with 9 pins of Hall sensor H7, and the other end is connect with one end of capacitor C107, is connected simultaneously
The input terminal of data processing circuit unit；The other end of the capacitor C107 is grounded；10 pins of the Hall sensor H7 connect
Connect 15V power supply；6 pins of the Hall sensor H7 empty；7 pins of the Hall sensor H7 are grounded.
The Hall sensor H7 is the Hall voltage sensor of model IHV001.
The data processing circuit unit (see Fig. 3) is by single-chip microcontroller U1, resistance R28, resistance R1, resistance R5, capacitor
C10, capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, crystal oscillator Y1, LED light L2, connecting terminal J1 are constituted；Wherein, one end of the capacitor C10
It is connect with single-chip microcontroller U1, other end ground connection；The capacitor C1 and the one end capacitor C2 are grounded simultaneously, and the other end then respectively with crystalline substance
The both ends of vibration Y1 are connected；The both ends of the crystal oscillator Y1 are also connect with single-chip microcontroller U1 respectively；One end of the resistance R28 and single-chip microcontroller
U1 connection, the other end connect connecting terminal J1；One end of the capacitor C3 connects connecting terminal J1；Its other end ground connection；Institute
State one end connection connecting terminal J1 of resistance R1；Its another termination power VCC；The connecting terminal J1 is also connect with power supply VCC；
One end of the resistance R5 is connect with single-chip microcontroller U1, and the other end is connect with one end of LED light L2；The LED light L2's is another
End ground connection；The connecting terminal J1 according to line program and the data processing computer of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module operating status USB
Mouth connection.
The single-chip microcontroller U1 (see Fig. 4) is PIC18F25K80 singlechip chip, totally 28 pins, from MCLR/RE3 pin
Sequence counter-clockwise number is played, No. 1 pin~No. 28 pin is successively denoted as；The connecting terminal J1 is mcu programming interface and use
In the connecting terminal of debugging routine, there are 6 pins, label is denoted as No. 1 interface~No. 6 interface；No. 2 of the single-chip microcontroller U1 are drawn
Foot, No. 3 pins, No. 4 pins, No. 5 pins, No. 7 pins, No. 21 pins and No. 22 pins are separately connected voltage signal acquisition circuit
Resistance R103, voltage are believed in resistance R102, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II in resistance R101, voltage signal acquisition circuit I I in I
Resistance in resistance R105, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI in resistance R104, voltage signal acquisition circuit V in number Acquisition Circuit IV
Resistance R107 in R106, voltage signal acquisition circuit VII；No. 6 pins of the single-chip microcontroller U1 are connect with one end of capacitor C10；
No. 8 pins of the single-chip microcontroller U1 are grounded；No. 9 pins of the single-chip microcontroller U1 and the connection of No. 10 pins respectively with crystal oscillator Y1 two
End connection；No. 1 pin of the single-chip microcontroller U1 is connect with one end of resistance R28；No. 1 interface and resistance of the connecting terminal J1
The other end of R28 connects；No. 1 interface of the connecting terminal J1 is connect with one end of capacitor C3；No. 1 of the connecting terminal J1
Interface is connect with one end of resistance R1；No. 2 interfaces of the connecting terminal J1 connect power supply VCC；Its No. 3 interfacing grounds, No. 4 connect
Mouth connects 28 pins of single-chip microcontroller U1, and No. 5 interfaces connect No. 27 pins of single-chip microcontroller U1；No. 26 pins and resistance of the single-chip microcontroller U1
One end of R5 connects；No. 19 pins of the single-chip microcontroller U1 are grounded；The single-chip microcontroller U1 has an input and output pin, i.e., and No. 2~No. 5
Pin, No. 7 pins, No. 21~No. 28 pins, No. 11~No. 18 pins, wherein No. 11~No. 18 pins respectively with toggle switch list
8 manual selection switch connection of member.
The crystal oscillator Y1 crystal oscillator selects 16MHz, constitutes single-chip minimum system.
Shown voltage regulator circuit unit (see Fig. 2) is by capacitor C4, capacitor C5, capacitor CV2, capacitor CV3, diode D1, two
Pole pipe D2, connecting terminal J2, connecting terminal J4, power supply chip MC7805 and power supply chip MC7815 are constituted；The capacitor C4 is just
Extreme connection power supply VCC, negative pole end ground connection；；The capacitor C5 positive terminal connection+15V power supply, negative pole end ground connection；The capacitor
CV2 positive terminal connection+24V DC power supply, negative pole end ground connection；The capacitor CV3 positive terminal connects connection+24V DC power supply, bears
Extreme ground connection；The cathode of the diode D1 is connect with the voltage input Vin terminal of power supply chip MC7805, positive terminal with
Interface Terminal J2 connection；The cathode of the diode D2 is connect with the voltage input Vin terminal of power supply chip MC7815, just
Extremely it is connect with Interface Terminal J2；The terminal of the connecting terminal J2 is also connect with ground, single-chip microcontroller U1；The connecting terminal J2
Terminal there are two the terminals that empty；The terminal of the connecting terminal J4 connects with the non-terminal that empties of connecting terminal J2 respectively
It connects；The power supply chip MC7805 voltage output Vout output+5V voltage, GND mouthfuls of ground connection；The power supply chip MC7815
Voltage output Vout output+15V voltage, GND mouthfuls ground connection.
The toggle switch unit (see Fig. 2) is 8 manual selection switch, is made of 8 independent switches, each is manually
Selection switch is connected with 8 I/O pins of single-chip microcontroller U1 respectively.
The data transmission circuit unit (see Fig. 5) include communication receiving/transmission chip U6, divider resistance R2, divider resistance R3,
Common mode filtering inductance L3, CAN bus filter amplification circuit, Transient Suppression Diode Z1, Transient Suppression Diode Z2, insurance F1 and
Insure F2 to constitute；The both ends of the divider resistance R2 are connect with communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and single-chip microcontroller U1 respectively；The partial pressure electricity
The both ends of resistance R3 are connect with communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and single-chip microcontroller U1 respectively；The communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and common mode filter inductance
L3 connection；The input terminal of the CAN bus filter amplification circuit is connect with common mode filter inductance L3, output end respectively with transient state
Diode Z1, Transient Suppression Diode Z2, insurance F1 is inhibited to connect with insurance F2.
The CAN bus filter amplification circuit (see Fig. 5, Fig. 6) is by capacitor C6, capacitor C7, capacitor C8, resistance R10, electricity
R11, resistance R12 and resistance R13 is hindered to constitute；The communication receiving/transmission chip U6 (see Fig. 5) is the CAN transmitting-receiving of model TJA1040
Chip；It is that CAN bus communication modes connect between the TJA1040 communication chip and the communication interface of single-chip microcontroller PIC18F25K80
It connects；The communication receiving/transmission chip U6 has 8 pins, is denoted as No. 1 pin~No. 8 pin respectively；The both ends of the divider resistance R2
It is connect respectively with No. 23 pins of No. 1 pin of communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and single-chip microcontroller U1；The both ends of the divider resistance R3 point
It is not connect with No. 24 pins of No. 4 pins of communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and single-chip microcontroller U1；No. 2 pipes of the communication receiving/transmission chip U6
Foot ground connection, No. 3 pins connect power supply VCC, No. 8 pin ground connection；No. 6 pins of the communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and No. 7 pin difference
It is connect with common mode filter inductance L3；One end of the capacitor C6 is connect with common mode filter inductance L3, other end ground connection；The electricity
Hold the one end C7 to connect with common mode filter inductance L3, other end ground connection；The one end the resistance R10 and common mode filter inductance L3 connect
It connects, the other end is connect with one end of capacitor C8, capacitor C8 other end ground connection；Described one end R11 and common mode filter inductance L3 connect
It connects, the other end is connect with one end of capacitor C8；One end of the R12 is connect with common mode filter inductance L3, the other end and wink
State inhibits one end connection of diode Z1, the other end ground connection of Transient Suppression Diode Z1；One end of the R13 and common mode filtering
Inductance L3 connection, the other end are connect with one end of Transient Suppression Diode Z2, the other end ground connection of Transient Suppression Diode Z2；
One end of the insurance F1 is connect with Transient Suppression Diode Z1, another termination connecting terminal J2；The insurance be F2's and wink
State inhibits diode Z2 connection, and the other end is connect (see Fig. 2) with connecting terminal J2.
The common mode filtering inductance L3 (see Fig. 5) has 4 terminals, is denoted as No. 1 terminal~No. 4 terminal respectively；The common mode
No. 1 terminal of filter inductance L3, No. 2 terminals, No. 3 terminals, No. 4 terminals respectively with No. 7 pins, the capacitors of communication receiving/transmission chip U6
No. 6 pins connection of C6, capacitor C7, communication receiving/transmission chip U6；No. 2 terminals and No. 3 terminals of the common mode filtering inductance L3 are also
It is connect respectively with resistance R10 and resistance R11；No. 2 terminals and No. 3 terminals of the common mode filtering inductance L3 also respectively with resistance
R12 is connected with resistance R13 (see Fig. 5).
For the present invention by taking a practical photovoltaic generating system as an example, which is that 6*4 dimension photovoltaic array is constituted, 4
Branch, every branch route 6 pieces of solar energy luminous board groups at 6 are connected into one group.Every block of solar energy luminous plate rated output electricity
Pressure is 50 volts, and every group of rated output voltage is 300 volts after series connection.This detection system detects the output voltage of every piece of solar panels,
Every group of voltage is analyzed and processed the operating status for learning each photovoltaic module by single-chip microcontroller to data, and to every block of solar energy
Plate is numbered, and data result is uploaded to host computer by CAN bus, can be understood that the fault bit in photovoltaic system
It sets.
It is introduced in conjunction with attached drawing:
Circuit diagram of the present invention is as shown in Fig. 1 Fig. 2:
1, voltage signal acquisition circuit unit
Voltage signal acquisition circuit unit as shown in Figure 3 is made of 7 Hall sensors, and (H1-H7 is Hall biography in Fig. 3
Sensor).Hall sensor H1, Hall sensor H2, Hall sensor H3, Hall sensor H4, Hall sensor H5, Hall pass
Sensor H6 detects monolithic solar cell panel voltages, the specified +/- 50 volts of DC voltages of input, after Hall sensor H7 detection series connection
Solar panel total voltage, nominal input voltage is 0-300 volt, and Hall sensor H signal input terminal is connected with wiring
Terminal J, connecting terminal J are directly connected with solar panel, and Hall sensor H rated output 0-5 lies prostrate DC voltage, and Hall passes
Sensor H output end links a resistance R, achievees the purpose that protect circuit, Hall sensor H output signal is connected to through resistance R
The A/D pin of single-chip microcontroller, the power supply of sensor use+15V DC power supply.
2, data processing circuit unit
Data processing section is mainly made of single-chip microcontroller, and No. 1 pin of circuit such as Fig. 4, single-chip microcontroller U1 are for powering, outside
Divider resistance and voltage regulator circuit are connect, single-chip microcontroller U1 use+5V power supply power supply is provided by MC7805 power supply chip.Single-chip microcontroller U1's
No. 28 pins, No. 27 pins are connected to connecting terminal J1 for programming, and No. 26 pins of single-chip microcontroller U1 meet LED light L2 and are used for
System operation instruction, No. 2 pins, No. 3 pins, No. 4 pins, No. 5 pins, No. 7 pins, No. 21 pins, No. 22 of single-chip microcontroller U1
Pin is the A/D pin of single-chip microcontroller U1.
No. 2 pins of single-chip microcontroller U1 connect Hall sensor H1, No. 3 pins of single-chip microcontroller U1 connect Hall sensor H2,
No. 4 pins connection Hall sensor H3 of single-chip microcontroller U1, No. 5 pins of single-chip microcontroller U1 connect Hall sensor H4, single-chip microcontroller U1
No. 7 pins connection Hall sensor H5, single-chip microcontroller U1 No. 21 pins connection Hall sensor H6, No. 22 of single-chip microcontroller U1 draw
Foot connects Hall sensor H7；No. 9 pins of single-chip microcontroller U1, No. 10 pins connection crystal oscillator Y1 of single-chip microcontroller U1 constitute single-chip microcontroller most
Mini system, No. 23 pins of single-chip microcontroller U1 connect the divider resistance R2 in data transmission circuit, and No. 24 pins of single-chip microcontroller U1 connect
Meet the divider resistance R3 in data transmission circuit.
3, CAN bus data transmission circuit unit
CAN bus TCP data segment circuit diagram as shown in figure 5, our department's parallel circuit mainly around communication receiving/transmission chip
U6, divider resistance R2, divider resistance R3, common mode filtering inductance L3, CAN bus filter amplification circuit, Transient Suppression Diode Z1,
Transient Suppression Diode Z2, insurance F1 and insurance F2 are constituted, and communication receiving/transmission chip U6 is used for the conversion of CAN bus agreement, above-mentioned
No. 1 pin of U6 and No. 4 pins are TX and RX, the data interaction being used between single-chip microcontroller U1, divider resistance R2, divider resistance
R3 is connected between communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and single-chip microcontroller U1, plays the role of protecting circuit.No. 6 pipes of communication receiving/transmission chip U6
Foot, No. 7 pins are CAN bus data connection pin, No. 6 pins, No. 7 pin external linkage common mode filtering inductance L3 in U6,
Common mode filtering inductance L3 is played a role of anti-interference in circuit, as shown in fig. 6, this partial circuit is in CAN bus transmission circuit
In amplification is filtered to input signal, above-mentioned Transient Suppression Diode Z1, Transient Suppression Diode Z2 are a kind of votage limit types
Overvoltage protecting device is limited in excessively high voltage within one safe range in circuit, to play protection electricity below
The effect on road.Insurance F1 and insurance F2 prevent excessively high voltage from pouring in circuit from outside, for protecting other electronics devices in circuit
Part.OCANH, OCANL are CAN bus and external connection terminal, are connected to connecting terminal J2, logical between host computer for carrying out
News.
A kind of working method of the solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor, it is characterised in that it
The following steps are included:
1. external 24V DC power supply to be accessed to one end of connecting terminal J2, connecting terminal J2 mono- by voltage regulator circuit unit
End is connected with power supply chip MC7805 and MC7815 (see Fig. 2), and 24V power conversion is+5V by MC7805, and MC7815 is electric by 24V
Source is converted into+15V；+ 5V DC power supply is used to power for single-chip microcontroller, and+15V DC power supply is used to power for Hall sensor, electricity
Source part is universal circuit (see Fig. 2)；
2. (see Fig. 1, being seen by the voltage of the Hall sensor acquisition solar panel in voltage signal acquisition circuit unit
Fig. 2), each monolithic solar cell panel voltages link to above-mentioned voltage signal acquisition circuit I, voltage signal acquisition circuit respectively
II, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II, voltage signal acquisition circuit I V, voltage signal acquisition circuit V, voltage signal acquisition circuit
VI, total voltage links to voltage signal acquisition circuit VII after solar panel series connection；Hall in voltage signal acquisition circuit
Sensor H (H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6, H7) passes through connecting terminal J (J5, J6, J7, J8, J9, J10, J11) and solar-electricity
Pond plate is connected (see Fig. 3), and Hall sensor H obtains internal generation Hall effect after the voltage of solar panel, obtains 0-5V
Voltage signal, above-mentioned voltage signal flows to the single-chip microcontroller U1 (see Fig. 4) in data processing circuit, in U1 and each hall sensing
It is placed between device divider resistance R (R101, R102, R103, R104, R105, R106, R107) (see Fig. 3), resistance R is played point
Pressure effect prevents excessively high induced voltage damage single-chip microcontroller.
3. the single-chip microcontroller U1 in data processing circuit receives the voltage signal of Hall sensor H output, in single-chip microcontroller U1
Portion's A/D module carries out digital-to-analogue conversion to it, converts analog signals into digital signal, and press by the internal processes of single-chip microcontroller U1
Data are carried out according to following formula to calculate and corresponding analysis processing:
Measured voltage=((sampling of ad result) * benchmark)/AD digit, 8 digit=256 AD
Obtained testing result is stored to the internal register of single-chip microcontroller U1, then will test knot by its internal ECAN module
Fruit gives CAN bus data transmission circuit unit by CAN bus technology export；ECAN module pin inside single-chip microcontroller U1 passes through
Divider resistance R2, divider resistance R3 in CAN bus data transmission circuit unit are connected with communication receiving/transmission chip U6；The data
The working condition of the distinguishable single-chip microcontroller of LED light L2 in processing circuit unit, the indicator light L2 when single-chip microcontroller is in running order
It can flash；The connecting terminal J1 according to line program and the data processing computer of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module operating status USB
Interface connection can realize the program downloading to single-chip microcontroller U1 by computer, write and run debugging, as shown in figures 1 and 3
Structure；
4. the station of each solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor is arranged by toggle switch
Number, each of toggle switch is connected with the I/O pin of single-chip microcontroller U1 (see Fig. 2), each has ON/OFF two states, manually
Dialling upwards is to be opened to single-chip microcontroller and write 1, writes 0 as closing to single-chip microcontroller to setting aside manually, the output of toggle switch is equivalent to one 8
2 system numbers of position, i.e. 0000 0000-1111 1111 manually adjust 8 switch contacts of toggle switch, generate one 82 into
Number processed, i.e., the station number of one detection system, each individually voltage detecting system are equivalent to a node in CAN bus, often
A node has a different station number, distinguishes the identity of each node in bus system with this；
Such as, the solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor in the present embodiment is a big system
A subsystem, which be made of the subsystem of 4 such subsystems and 1 current detecting, each subsystem
It is a node in CAN bus, the station number of node is exactly to be configured by the on and off of toggle switch to it；
5. the voltage signal that data transmission circuit unit obtains is received by divider resistance R2 and divider resistance R3 flow direction communication
Chip U6 is sent out, communication receiving/transmission chip U6 carries CAN bus communications protocol, right after the voltage data for receiving single-chip microcontroller U1 transmission
It carries out communications protocol conversion, and the voltage signal after conversion flows to common mode filtering inductance L3, filters out the interference in signal
Ingredient, and protected by the partial pressure of resistance R12 and resistance R13, by Transient Suppression Diode Z1 and Transient Suppression Diode Z2
Flow direction insurance F1 and insurance F2 afterwards is connected with external CAN bus eventually by connecting terminal J2, and will be measured by CAN bus
Obtained voltage data is uploaded to the data processing computer of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module operating status, completes entire testing process
(see Fig. 5, Fig. 6).
This circuit can make specific adjustment according to the actual quantity of photovoltaic module, can find photovoltaic power generation system at the first time
The malfunctioning node of system, the generating efficiency of real-time monitoring photovoltaic system, to facilitate staff to safeguard in time, to improve photovoltaic hair
Electrical efficiency, the important role in photovoltaic generating system.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor, including the operation of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module
The data processing computer of state, it is characterised in that it includes voltage regulator circuit unit, voltage signal acquisition circuit unit, at data
Manage circuit unit, toggle switch unit and CAN bus data transmission circuit unit；The wherein voltage signal acquisition circuit unit
Input terminal acquisition solar panel voltage signal, output end connect with the input terminal of data processing circuit unit；Institute
The output end of the input terminal connection data processing circuit unit of CAN bus data transmission circuit unit is stated, output end passes through CAN
Bus is connect with the data processing computer of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module operating status；The voltage regulator circuit unit is voltage signal
Acquisition Circuit unit, data processing circuit unit and CAN bus data transmission circuit unit provide stabilized power supply；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit unit includes N number of voltage signal acquisition circuit；N is the positive integer more than or equal to 1；N's
Value is corresponding with the quantity of solar panel in the photovoltaic array for the connection for needing to detect；The photovoltaic array is
X*Y ties up array, wherein X is the solar panel number being serially connected, i.e., a branch is made of X solar panel；
Y is the number of branch parallel with one another；The number M=Y of the voltage signal acquisition circuit unit has in i.e. every series arm
One voltage signal acquisition circuit unit；The voltage signal acquisition circuit unit of every branch road is by X+1 voltage signal
Acquisition Circuit is constituted；The number of voltage signal acquisition circuit in the photovoltaic array shares X*Y+Y；
The data processing circuit unit is by single-chip microcontroller U1, resistance R28, resistance R1, resistance R5, capacitor C10, capacitor C1, electricity
Hold C2, capacitor C3, crystal oscillator Y1, LED light L2, connecting terminal J1 to constitute；Wherein, one end of the capacitor C10 and single-chip microcontroller U1 connect
It connects, other end ground connection；The capacitor C1 and the one end capacitor C2 are grounded simultaneously, and the other end then respectively with the both ends phase of crystal oscillator Y1
Even；The both ends of the crystal oscillator Y1 are also connect with single-chip microcontroller U1 respectively；One end of the resistance R28 is connect with single-chip microcontroller U1, another
One end connects connecting terminal J1；One end of the capacitor C3 connects connecting terminal J1；Its other end ground connection；The one of the resistance R1
End connection connecting terminal J1；Its another termination power VCC；The connecting terminal J1 is also connect with power supply VCC；The resistance R5's
One end is connect with single-chip microcontroller U1, and the other end is connect with one end of LED light L2；The other end of the LED light L2 is grounded；It is described to connect
Line terminals J1 is connect according to line program with the USB port of the data processing computer of real-time monitoring photovoltaic module operating status；The list
Piece machine U1 has an input and output pin, i.e., No. 2~No. 5 pins, No. 7 pins, No. 21~No. 28 pins, No. 11~No. 18 pins,
In No. 11~No. 18 pins connect respectively with 8 manual selection switch of toggle switch unit；
The station number of each solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall sensor, toggle switch are set by toggle switch
Each be connected with the I/O pin of single-chip microcontroller U1, each has an ON/OFF two states, and manual-up group is to be opened to monolithic
Machine writes 1, writes 0 as closing to single-chip microcontroller to setting aside manually, and the output of toggle switch is equivalent to 82 system numbers, i.e., and 0000
0000-1111 1111 manually adjusts 8 switch contacts of toggle switch, generates 82 system numbers, i.e. a detection system
The station number of system, each individually voltage detecting system are equivalent to a node in CAN bus, and each node has a difference
Station number, the identity of each node is distinguished in bus system with this.
2. a kind of solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor according to claim 1, feature
It is that photovoltaic array is 6*4 dimension array, totally 4 branches；The number M=4 of the voltage signal acquisition circuit unit；Often
The number of required voltage signal acquisition circuit is 7 in a voltage signal acquisition circuit unit；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit unit is made of 7 voltage signal acquisition circuits, is denoted as voltage signal acquisition respectively
Circuit I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II, voltage signal acquisition circuit I V, voltage signal acquisition
Circuit V, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI and voltage signal acquisition circuit VII provide power supply by voltage regulator circuit unit for it；Its
In, the voltage signal acquisition circuit I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I I, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II, voltage signal acquisition
Circuit I V, voltage signal acquisition circuit V, voltage signal acquisition circuit VI acquire the voltage of 6 pieces of solar photovoltaic cell panels respectively
Signal；The voltage signal acquisition circuit VII then acquires the total voltage signal of whole branch；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit is made of Hall sensor H, resistance R, capacitor C and connecting terminal J；Wherein it is described suddenly
Your sensor H has 1 pin, 3 pins, 4 pins, 5 pins, 6 pins and 8 pins；Two terminals of the connecting terminal J connect respectively
It is connected between 1 pin of Hall sensor H and 8 pins of Hall sensor H；One end of the resistance R is with Hall sensor H's
The connection of 6 pins, the other end connect with one end of capacitor C, simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；The capacitor
The other end of C is grounded；3 pins of the Hall sensor H connect 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H empty；Institute
State the 5 pins ground connection of Hall sensor H；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit I is made of Hall sensor H1, connecting terminal J5, resistance R101, capacitor C101；Institute
Two terminals for stating connecting terminal J5 are connected between 1 pin of Hall sensor H1 and 8 pins of Hall sensor H1；
One end of the resistance R101 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H1, and the other end is connect with one end of capacitor C101, simultaneously
Connect the input terminal of data processing circuit unit；The other end of the capacitor C101 is grounded；3 pins of the Hall sensor H1
Connect 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H1 empty；5 pins of the Hall sensor H1 are grounded；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit I I is made of Hall sensor H2, connecting terminal J6, resistance R102, capacitor C102；
Two terminals of the connecting terminal J6 be connected to Hall sensor H2 1 pin and Hall sensor H2 8 pins it
Between；One end of the resistance R102 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H2, and the other end is connect with one end of capacitor C102,
Simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；The other end of the capacitor C102 is grounded；The 3 of the Hall sensor H2
Pin connects 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H2 empty；5 pins of the Hall sensor H2 are grounded；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit I II is made of Hall sensor H3, connecting terminal J7, resistance R103, capacitor C103；
Two terminals of the connecting terminal J7 be connected to Hall sensor H3 1 pin and Hall sensor H3 8 pins it
Between；One end of the resistance R103 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H3, and the other end is connect with one end of capacitor C103,
Simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；The other end of the capacitor C103 is grounded；The 3 of the Hall sensor H3
Pin connects 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H3 empty；5 pins of the Hall sensor H3 are grounded；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit I V is made of Hall sensor H4, connecting terminal J8, resistance R104, capacitor C104；
Two terminals of the connecting terminal J8 be connected to Hall sensor H4 1 pin and Hall sensor H4 8 pins it
Between；One end of the resistance R104 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H4, and the other end is connect with one end of capacitor C104,
Simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；The other end of the capacitor C104 is grounded；The 3 of the Hall sensor H4
Pin connects 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H4 empty；5 pins of the Hall sensor H4 are grounded；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit V is made of Hall sensor H5, connecting terminal J9, resistance R105, capacitor C105；Institute
Two terminals for stating connecting terminal J9 are connected between 1 pin of Hall sensor H5 and 8 pins of Hall sensor H5；
One end of the resistance R105 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H5, and the other end is connect with one end of capacitor C105, simultaneously
Connect the input terminal of data processing circuit unit；The other end of the capacitor C105 is grounded；3 pins of the Hall sensor H5
Connect 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H5 empty；5 pins of the Hall sensor H5 are grounded；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit VI is made of Hall sensor H6, connecting terminal J10, resistance R106, capacitor C106；
Two terminals of the connecting terminal J10 be connected to Hall sensor H6 1 pin and Hall sensor H6 8 pins it
Between；One end of the resistance R106 is connect with 6 pins of Hall sensor H6, and the other end is connect with one end of capacitor C106,
Simultaneous connection according to processing circuit unit input terminal；The other end of the capacitor C106 is grounded；The 3 of the Hall sensor H6
Pin connects 15V power supply；4 pins of the Hall sensor H6 empty；5 pins of the Hall sensor H6 are grounded；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit VII is by Hall sensor H7, connecting terminal J11, resistance R107, capacitor C107 structure
At；The Hall sensor H7 has 1 pin, 5 pins, 6 pins, 7 pins, 9 pins and 10 pins；The connecting terminal J11's
Two terminals are connected between 1 pin of Hall sensor H7 and 5 pins of Hall sensor H7；The resistance R107's
One end is connect with 9 pins of Hall sensor H7, and the other end is connect with one end of capacitor C107, and simultaneous connection is according to processing electricity
The input terminal of road unit；The other end of the capacitor C107 is grounded；10 pins of the Hall sensor H7 connect 15V power supply；
6 pins of the Hall sensor H7 empty；7 pins of the Hall sensor H7 are grounded.
3. a kind of solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor according to claim 2, feature
It is the Hall sensor H1, Hall sensor H2, Hall sensor H3, Hall sensor H4, Hall sensor H5, Hall
Sensor H6 is the Hall voltage sensor of model NHS01；The Hall sensor H7 is the Hall electricity of model IHV001
Pressure sensor.
4. a kind of solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor according to claim 2, feature
It is that the voltage regulator circuit unit is by capacitor C4, capacitor C5, capacitor CV2, capacitor CV3, diode D1, diode D2, wiring
Terminal J2, connecting terminal J4, power supply chip MC7805 and power supply chip MC7815 are constituted；The capacitor C4 positive terminal connects power supply
VCC, negative pole end ground connection；The capacitor C5 positive terminal connection+15V power supply, negative pole end ground connection；The capacitor CV2 positive terminal connection+
24V DC power supply, negative pole end ground connection；The capacitor CV3 positive terminal connects connection+24V DC power supply, negative pole end ground connection；It is described
The cathode of diode D1 is connect with the voltage input Vin terminal of power supply chip MC7805, and positive terminal and connecting terminal J2 connect
It connects；The cathode of the diode D2 is connect with the voltage input Vin terminal of power supply chip MC7815, positive terminal and terminals
Sub- J2 connection；The terminal of the connecting terminal J2 is also connect with ground, single-chip microcontroller U1；There are two the terminals of the connecting terminal J2
The terminal emptied；The terminal of the connecting terminal J4 is connect with the non-terminal that empties of connecting terminal J2 respectively；The power supply chip
MC7805 voltage output Vout output+5V voltage, GND mouthfuls of ground connection；The voltage output of the power supply chip MC7815
Vout output+15V voltage, GND mouthfuls of ground connection.
5. a kind of solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor according to claim 4, feature
It is that the single-chip microcontroller U1 is PIC18F25K80 singlechip chip, totally 28 pins, the sequence counter-clockwise from MCLR/RE3 pin
Number, is successively denoted as No. 1 pin~No. 28 pin；The connecting terminal J1 is mcu programming interface and uses for debugging routine
Connecting terminal, have 6 pins, label is denoted as No. 1 interface~No. 6 interface；No. 2 pins of the single-chip microcontroller U1, No. 3 pins, 4
Number pin, No. 5 pins, No. 7 pins, No. 21 pins and No. 22 pins are separately connected the voltage letter of voltage signal acquisition circuit unit
Resistance in resistance R102, voltage signal acquisition circuit I II in resistance R101, voltage signal acquisition circuit I I in number Acquisition Circuit I
Resistance R105, voltage signal acquisition are electric in resistance R104, voltage signal acquisition circuit V in R103, voltage signal acquisition circuit I V
Resistance R107 in resistance R106, voltage signal acquisition circuit VII in the VI of road；No. 6 pins of the single-chip microcontroller U1 are with capacitor C10's
One end connection；No. 8 pins of the single-chip microcontroller U1 are grounded；No. 9 pins of the single-chip microcontroller U1 and the connection of No. 10 pins respectively with
The both ends of crystal oscillator Y1 connect；No. 1 pin of the single-chip microcontroller U1 is connect with one end of resistance R28；No. 1 of the connecting terminal J1
Interface is connect with the other end of resistance R28；No. 1 interface of the connecting terminal J1 is connect with one end of capacitor C3；The wiring
No. 1 interface of terminal J1 is connect with one end of resistance R1；No. 2 interfaces of the connecting terminal J1 connect power supply VCC；Its No. 3 connect
Mouth ground connection, No. 4 interfaces connect 28 pins of single-chip microcontroller U1, and No. 5 interfaces connect No. 27 pins of single-chip microcontroller U1；The 26 of the single-chip microcontroller U1
Number pin is connect with one end of resistance R5；No. 19 pins of the single-chip microcontroller U1 are grounded；The single-chip microcontroller U1 has input and output to draw
Foot, i.e., No. 2~No. 5 pins, No. 7 pins, No. 21~No. 28 pins, No. 11~No. 18 pins, wherein No. 11~No. 18 pins point
It is not connect with 8 manual selection switch of toggle switch unit；The toggle switch unit is 8 manual selection switch, by 8
Independent switch composition, each manual selection switch are connected with 8 I/O pins of single-chip microcontroller U1 respectively, i.e. connection single-chip microcontroller U1
No. 11~No. 18 pins.
6. a kind of solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor according to claim 5, feature
It is the crystal oscillator Y1 crystal oscillator frequency selection 16MHz, constitutes single-chip minimum system.
7. a kind of solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor according to claim 4, feature
It is the data transmission circuit unit by communication receiving/transmission chip U6, divider resistance R2, divider resistance R3, common mode filtering inductance
L3, CAN bus filter amplification circuit, Transient Suppression Diode Z1, Transient Suppression Diode Z2, insurance F1 and insurance F2 are constituted；
The both ends of the divider resistance R2 are connect with communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and single-chip microcontroller U1 respectively；The both ends of the divider resistance R3 point
It is not connect with communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and single-chip microcontroller U1；The communication receiving/transmission chip U6 is connect with common mode filter inductance L3；It is described
The input terminal of CAN bus filter amplification circuit is connect with common mode filter inductance L3, output end respectively with Transient Suppression Diode
Z1, Transient Suppression Diode Z2, insurance F1 are connected with insurance F2.
8. a kind of solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor according to claim 7, feature
Be the CAN bus filter amplification circuit be by capacitor C6, capacitor C7, capacitor C8, resistance R10, resistance R11, resistance R12 and
Resistance R13 is constituted；The communication receiving/transmission chip U6 is the CAN transceiving chip of model TJA1040；The TJA1040 communicates core
It is the connection of CAN bus communication modes between piece and the communication interface of single-chip microcontroller U1；The communication receiving/transmission chip U6 has 8 pins,
It is denoted as No. 1 pin~No. 8 pin respectively；The both ends of the divider resistance R2 respectively with No. 1 pin of communication receiving/transmission chip U6 and
No. 23 pins of single-chip microcontroller U1 connect；The both ends of the divider resistance R3 respectively with No. 4 pins and list of communication receiving/transmission chip U6
No. 24 pins of piece machine U1 connect；No. 2 pins of the communication receiving/transmission chip U6 are grounded, and No. 3 pins connect power supply VCC, No. 8 pins
Ground connection；No. 6 pins and No. 7 pins of the communication receiving/transmission chip U6 are connect with common mode filter inductance L3 respectively；The capacitor C6
One end connect with common mode filter inductance L3, the other end ground connection；One end of the capacitor C7 is connect with common mode filter inductance L3,
Its other end ground connection；One end of the resistance R10 is connect with common mode filter inductance L3, and one end of the other end and capacitor C8 connect
It connects, capacitor C8 other end ground connection；One end of the resistance R11 is connect with common mode filter inductance L3, and the other end is with capacitor C8's
One end connection；One end of the resistance R12 is connect with common mode filter inductance L3, and the one of the other end and Transient Suppression Diode Z1
End connection, the other end ground connection of Transient Suppression Diode Z1；One end of the resistance R13 is connect with common mode filter inductance L3,
The other end is connect with one end of Transient Suppression Diode Z2, the other end ground connection of Transient Suppression Diode Z2；The insurance F1's
One end is connect with Transient Suppression Diode Z1, and the other end connects the connecting terminal J2 in voltage regulator circuit unit；The insurance F2
One end connect with Transient Suppression Diode Z2, the other end is connect with the connecting terminal J2 in voltage regulator circuit unit；
The common mode filtering inductance L3 has 4 terminals, is denoted as No. 1 terminal~No. 4 terminal respectively；The common mode filtering inductance L3's
No. 1 terminal, No. 2 terminals, No. 3 terminals, No. 4 terminals respectively with No. 7 pins of communication receiving/transmission chip U6, capacitor C6, capacitor C7, logical
Interrogate No. 6 pins connection of transceiving chip U6；No. 2 terminals and No. 3 terminals of the common mode filtering inductance L3 also respectively with resistance R10
It is connected with resistance R11；No. 2 terminals and No. 3 terminals of the common mode filtering inductance L3 also connect with resistance R12 and resistance R13 respectively
It connects.
9. a kind of work side of the solar energy power generating detection system according to any one of claims 8 based on Hall voltage sensor
Method, it is characterised in that it the following steps are included:
1. by outside+24V DC power supply access voltage regulator circuit unit in connecting terminal J2 one end, the one end connecting terminal J2 with
Power supply chip MC7805 is connected with power supply chip MC7815, and 24V power conversion is+5V, power supply chip by power supply chip MC7805
24V power conversion is+15V by MC7815；+ 5V DC power supply is used to power for the single-chip microcontroller U1 in data processing circuit unit ,+
15V DC power supply is used for as the Hall sensor power supply of voltage signal acquisition circuit in voltage signal acquisition circuit unit；
2. by the voltage of the Hall sensor H acquisition solar panel in voltage signal acquisition circuit, Hall sensor H acquisition
It is internal after the voltage of solar panel to generate Hall effect, the voltage signal of 0-5V is obtained, which flows at data
The single-chip microcontroller U1 in circuit unit is managed, the divider resistance R between single-chip microcontroller U1 and each Hall sensor plays the role of partial pressure, prevents
Only there is excessively high induced voltage damage single-chip microcontroller；
3. the single-chip microcontroller U1 in data processing unit receives the voltage signal of Hall sensor H output, A/D inside single-chip microcontroller U1
Module carries out analog-to-digital conversion to it, converts analog signals into digital signal, and by the internal processes of single-chip microcontroller U1 according to such as
Lower formula carries out data and calculates and corresponding analysis processing:
Measured voltage=((sampling of ad result) * benchmark)/AD digit, 8 digit=256 AD
Obtained testing result stores into data processing unit the internal register of single-chip microcontroller U1, then by its internal ECAN mould
Block will test result and give CAN bus data transmission circuit unit by CAN bus technology export；ECAN mould inside single-chip microcontroller U1
Block pin passes through divider resistance R2, the divider resistance R3 and communication receiving/transmission chip U6 phase in CAN bus data transmission circuit unit
Even；The working condition of the distinguishable single-chip microcontroller of LED light L2 in the data processing circuit unit, when single-chip microcontroller U1 is in work shape
Indicator light L2 can flash when state；The connecting terminal J1 according to line program and real-time monitoring photovoltaic module operating status data processing
The USB interface of computer connects, and the program downloading to single-chip microcontroller U1 can be realized by computer, writes and run debugging；
4. the station number of each solar energy power generating detection system based on Hall voltage sensor is arranged by toggle switch, dial
Each of code switch is connected with the I/O pin of single-chip microcontroller U1, each has ON/OFF two states, and manual-up group is to open
1 is write to single-chip microcontroller, writes 0 as closing to single-chip microcontroller to setting aside manually, the output of toggle switch is equivalent to 82 system numbers, i.e.,
0000 0000-1111 1111 manually adjusts 8 switch contacts of toggle switch, generates 82 system numbers, i.e., one inspection
The station number of examining system, each individually voltage detecting system are equivalent to a node in CAN bus, and each node has one
Different station numbers distinguishes the identity of each node with this in bus system；
5. the voltage signal that data transmission circuit unit obtains flows to logical by divider resistance R2 in the unit and divider resistance R3
Transceiving chip U6 is interrogated, communication receiving/transmission chip U6 carries CAN bus communications protocol, in the voltage data for receiving single-chip microcontroller U1 transmission
Communications protocol conversion is carried out to it afterwards, the voltage signal after conversion flows to common mode filtering inductance L3, filters out in signal
Interference component, and protected by the partial pressure of resistance R12 and resistance R13, inhibit two poles by Transient Suppression Diode Z1 and transient state
Flow direction insurance F1 and insurance F2 after pipe Z2 is connected eventually by connecting terminal J2 with external CAN bus, and will by CAN bus
The data processing computer that obtained voltage data is uploaded to real-time monitoring photovoltaic module operating status is measured, entire detection is completed
Process.
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Effective date of registration: 20231008 Address after: Room 302, Gate 3, Building 10, Guangxia Dongli, Yangcun Town, Wuqing District, Tianjin, 301700 Patentee after: Chen Jianwen Address before: 300384 No. 391 Binshui West Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin Patentee before: TIANJIN University OF TECHNOLOGY |
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Effective date of registration: 20231026 Address after: No. 7 Wuning Road, Meichang Town, Wuqing District, Tianjin City, 301701 Patentee after: Tianjin Guangying Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 302, Gate 3, Building 10, Guangxia Dongli, Yangcun Town, Wuqing District, Tianjin, 301700 Patentee before: Chen Jianwen |