CN106128912A - A kind of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide - Google Patents
A kind of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN106128912A CN106128912A CN201610746644.4A CN201610746644A CN106128912A CN 106128912 A CN106128912 A CN 106128912A CN 201610746644 A CN201610746644 A CN 201610746644A CN 106128912 A CN106128912 A CN 106128912A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
- H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
- H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
- H01P3/10—Wire waveguides, i.e. with a single solid longitudinal conductor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P9/00—Delay lines of the waveguide type
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide, lead periodic structure and input and output waveguide including at least 2 be sequentially communicated along Z-direction shortwave.Twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide is consisted of some U-bend waveguides, twisted waveguide section and straight wave guide.When applying in travelling-wave tube isoline electromagnetic wave vacuum device, compared with traditional folded waveguide, the 180 degree of differences brought due to U-bend waveguide existed when instant invention overcomes electron beam by traditional slow-wave structure, can be advantageously in the bandwidth of operation of broadening electromagnetic wave source.This directrix plane structure makes us to be all arranged on base by all of electromagnetic wave structure, uses Numerical-control Milling Machines once to complete, to guarantee machining accuracy and to reduce processing cost.This twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide can realize the compact delay line of various waveguide, single ridged waveguides or double ridged waveguide, the particularly slow-wave structure etc. of compact travelling-wave tube amplifier.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electromagnetic transmission line.Specifically, one is related to for signal delay or electromagnetic wave source
The compact twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide of slow-wave structure.
Background technology
First important application of folded transmission lines is as signal delay line, prolongs for signal in the systems such as radar
Late.Second important application of folded transmission lines is to use as slow-wave structure in travelling-wave tube amplifier.At this moment, electron beam edge
Certain straight line electron passage is propagated, and electromagnetic wave is then propagated along the transmission line of bending.Although propagating in bending transmission line
The phase velocity of electromagnetic wave quickly, can be close to the light velocity, the even greater than light velocity, but in this straight line electron passage, electron beam
The phase velocity of the electromagnetic wave experienced can be well below the light velocity.The beam energy using the travelling-wave tube that quasi-folded waveguide constitutes can
To be substantially reduced, the beneficially miniaturization of device.
Traditional folded transmission lines typically uses transmission line continuous bend to form.Such as waveguide delay line is by waveguide bend
Stack.Owing to too small bending curvature radius will cause the reflection of signal, the volume of this delay line is the biggest.Fold
Common slow-wave structure in waveguide travelling-wave tube amplifier uses rectangular waveguide section the most alternately to connect and compose with U-shaped waveguide end,
There is bulky problem equally.Another problem that common folded waveguide travelling-wave tube exists is bandwidth problem.This travelling-wave tube
The folded waveguide of middle employing is generally two-dimensional structure, and waveguide is in a plane crossing Z axis, continuous bend in such as XZ plane.?
In this folded waveguide, the electronics propagated along Z axis when by the folded waveguide in a cycle, have two mutual with electromagnetic wave
The region of effect.In the two interaction region, the phase contrast of the electromagnetic wave that the electron beam of transmission is experienced removes electromagnetic wave edge
Outside the phase contrast that the bending approach transmission of this folded waveguide is determined, also include 180 degree of bending waveguides causes due to transmission line
The what is called " Shape-phase is poor " of reversely determined 180 degree of electromagnetic field direction.The existence of this Shape-phase difference so that along Z axis
The electron beam that direction is propagated and the electromagnetic wave propagated along folded waveguide are under the conditions of the speed sync of Z-direction, at same period
In two interaction regions in, suffered by electron beam along Z-direction active force can switching direction, cause electromagnetic wave from electricity
The energy that son bundle obtains is cancelled out each other.In order to solve this problem, electron beam is along speed and the electromagnetic wave of Z-direction along Z-direction
Average phase velocity must mismatch.Thus bring the serious of the relative bandwidth to folded waveguide travelling-wave tube to limit.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide not having Shape-phase difference to fold
Waveguide.The features such as this scheme has simple in construction, easy to process, operating frequency width, compact conformation.
To achieve these goals, our scheme is, a kind of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide.
Described twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide include being sequentially communicated along Z-direction and repeat at least 2 is
Shortwave leads periodic structure, and twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide two ends are provided with input and output waveguide.
There is a straight line AB parallel with Z axis, described straight line AB and any one shortwave described leads the friendship of periodic structure
Collection is two continuous line segment CD not being joined directly together mutually and line segment EF.
There is at least straight line electron beam passage being parallel to Z axis；Described straight line electron beam passage and described straight line AB
Overlap；Described line segment CD leads the maximum amplitude point of the electric field intensity of electromagnetic wave in periodic structure by described shortwave.
The both ends of the surface that described shortwave leads periodic structure are all parallel with YZ plane；Described shortwave leads periodic structure
Both ends of the surface be shaped as rectangular waveguide, single ridge rectangular waveguide or double ridge rectangular waveguide；Described arbitrary shortwave leads periodic structure
The broadside of both ends of the surface all parallel with Y direction.
When the frequency of electromagnetic wave is close to the cut-off frequency of the mode of operation of described folded waveguide, Z axis is any one with described
The direction of the electric field that individual shortwave leads the electromagnetic wave at two common factors of periodic structure is identical.
The shortwave of the present invention leads periodic structure 2 kinds of structures, and the first structure is: adjacent 2 shortwaves lead cycle knot
Structure is directly connected to, and each shortwave is led periodic structure and at least included 2 U-bend waveguides laying respectively at Y-axis both sides, U-bend
The recess of waveguide is towards Y-axis, and same shortwave is led 2 U-bend waveguides in periodic structure and used waveguide segment structure to connect, one
Waveguide segment structure is used to be connected between one end of U-bend waveguide and one end of another U-bend waveguide, each described waveguide segment
Structure includes a waveguide segment being positioned in Y-axis and 2 twisted waveguide sections laying respectively at waveguide segment both sides, and twisted waveguide section is positioned at U
Gap location between end and the end face of waveguide segment of shape waveguide bend.
The second structure is: adjacent 2 shortwaves are led periodic structure and are directly connected to；Each shortwave leads periodic structure extremely
Including 2 U-bend waveguides laying respectively at Y-axis both sides less, the recess of U-bend waveguide is towards Y-axis, and same shortwave leads cycle knot
2 U-bend waveguides in structure use waveguide segment structure to connect, one end of a U-bend waveguide and the one of another U-bend waveguide
Using waveguide segment structure to connect between end, each described waveguide segment structure includes a waveguide segment being positioned in Y-axis and 1 position
Twisted waveguide section in waveguide segment one end；Same shortwave is led in periodic structure, and the one end of the U-bend waveguide of Y-axis side is direct
Being connected with waveguide segment, the one end of the U-bend waveguide of Y-axis opposite side is directly connected with twisted waveguide section, and whole twisted waveguide merges
In formula directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide, 2 adjacent twisted waveguide sections lay respectively at Y-axis both sides；Described twisted waveguide section is by 2
L-shaped waveguide segment overlaps the composition that links together, and it is flip horizontal state that a L-shaped waveguide segment compares another L-shaped waveguide segment.
In described all U-bend waveguides, at least one form parameter of the cross section of at least one is with this twisted waveguide combination type
The change relatively of the centrage of directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide is more than 10%；The cross section of at least one in all waveguide segments
At least one form parameter big with the relatively change of the centrage of this twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide
In 10%.
Described in each, shortwave is led in periodic structure, and two adjacent twisted waveguide sections are not joined directly together；Described U
Shape waveguide bend is the U-bend waveguide of H face.
Described waveguide segment is rectangular waveguide.
Described twisted waveguide section is L-shaped waveguide segment.
Straight line electron beam passage runs through all waveguide segments.
Described U-bend waveguide is the U-bend waveguide of E face.
The both ends of the surface that described shortwave leads periodic structure are all parallel with YZ plane；Described shortwave leads periodic structure
Both ends of the surface be shaped as rectangle；The broadside of the both ends of the surface that described arbitrary shortwave leads periodic structure is all parallel with Y direction；Institute
State the upper surface flush of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide；Here described twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane
Rectangular waveguide folded waveguide, including all U-bend waveguides, all waveguide segments, and all twisted waveguide sections.
For the ease of processing, the upper surface flush of described twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide；Here
Described twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide, including all U-bend waveguides, all waveguide segments and all
Twisted waveguide section.This directrix plane structure makes us to be all arranged on base by all of electromagnetic wave structure, uses common number
Control milling machine once completes, to guarantee machining accuracy and to reduce processing cost.
The present invention proposes employing rectangular waveguide, single ridged waveguides, double ridged waveguide or the various cycles of other shapes of waveguide
Property twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide.Traditional twisted waveguide at existing folded waveguide travelling-wave tube merges
On the basis of formula directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide, solve well electron beam and electromagnetic wave that Shape-phase difference band comes it
Between broadband stationary problem.This directrix plane structure makes us to be all arranged on base by all of electromagnetic wave structure,
Numerical-control Milling Machines is used once to complete, to guarantee machining accuracy and to reduce processing cost.This invention is also used as compact
Signal delay line.Use this twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide as the interaction waveguide of travelling-wave tube, can
Prestige is substantially reduced the beam energy needed for high-frequency microwave, millimeter wave, even THz devices its bandwidth of operation of broadening.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the elevational schematic view of embodiment 1 of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that the shortwave of embodiment 1 of the present invention leads periodic structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the twisted waveguide schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is that the shortwave of embodiment 2 of the present invention leads periodic structure schematic diagram；
Label correspondence title in accompanying drawing: 1-input and output waveguide, 2-waveguide segment, 4-U shape waveguide bend, 5-twisted waveguide section, 7-straight line
Electron beam channel.
Embodiment 1
As Figure 1-4.
A kind of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide, including being sequentially communicated along Z-direction and repeating
At least 5 shortwaves lead periodic structure and input and output waveguide 1.Adjacent 2 shortwaves are led periodic structure and are directly connected to, each
Shortwave is led periodic structure and is at least included 2 U-bend waveguides 4 laying respectively at Y-axis both sides, and the recess of U-bend waveguide is towards Y
Axle, 2 U-bend waveguides 4 that same shortwave is led in periodic structure use waveguide segment structure to connect, the one of a U-bend waveguide 4
Using waveguide segment structure to be connected between end and one end of another U-bend waveguide 4, each described waveguide segment structure includes one
The waveguide segment 2 being positioned in Y-axis and 2 twisted waveguide sections 5 laying respectively at waveguide segment 2 both sides, twisted waveguide section 5 is positioned at U-bend waveguide 4
End and the end face of waveguide segment 2 between gap location.
There is a straight line AB parallel with Z axis, described straight line AB and any one shortwave described leads the friendship of periodic structure
Collection is two continuous line segment CD not being joined directly together mutually and line segment EF.
There is a straight line electron beam passage 7 being parallel to Z axis；Described straight line electron beam passage 7 and described straight line AB weight
Close；Described line segment CD leads the maximum amplitude point of the electric field intensity of electromagnetic wave in periodic structure by described shortwave.
The both ends of the surface that described shortwave leads periodic structure are all parallel with YZ plane；Described shortwave leads periodic structure
Both ends of the surface be shaped as rectangular waveguide；Described arbitrary shortwave is led the broadside of the both ends of the surface of periodic structure and is all put down with Y direction
OK.
When the frequency of electromagnetic wave is close to the cut-off frequency of the mode of operation of described folded waveguide, described straight line AB is with described
Any two is led the phase contrast of the electromagnetic wave at the common factor of periodic structure along the shortwave that Z-direction is adjacent and is leveled off to zero.
Each shortwave is led periodic structure and is included 2 U-bend waveguides 4 and 2 waveguide segments 2.Each shortwave leads week
Phase structure also includes 4 twisted waveguide sections 5.
The height of described 2 U-bend waveguides 4 and this U-bend waveguide 4 twisted waveguide combination type standard of the width of 2 waveguide segments 2 are put down
The change relatively of the centrage of face rectangular waveguide folded waveguide is more than not shown in 10%(figure).
When the frequency of electromagnetic wave is close to the cut-off frequency of the mode of operation of described folded waveguide, Z axis is any one with described
The direction of the electric field that individual shortwave leads the electromagnetic wave at two common factors of periodic structure is identical.
Described in each, shortwave is led in periodic structure, and two adjacent twisted waveguides are not joined directly together；Described U-shaped
Waveguide bend 4 is H face U-bend waveguide 4.
The upper surface flush of described twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide；Here described twisted waveguide
Combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide, including all U-bend waveguides 4, all waveguide segments 2, and all twisted waveguide sections 5.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 5.
Compared with embodiment 1, the difference is that only:
Here all U-bend waveguides 4 are E face U-bend waveguide 4.Lead in periodic structure at each shortwave, each two torsional wave
Lead and be connected directly to each other composition one group.Not being joined directly together mutually between two groups of twisted waveguides, concrete, adjacent 2 shortwaves lead the cycle
Structure is directly connected to；Each shortwave is led periodic structure and is at least included 2 U-bend waveguides 4 laying respectively at Y-axis both sides, U-shaped
The recess of waveguide bend is towards Y-axis, and 2 U-bend waveguides 4 that same shortwave is led in periodic structure use waveguide segment structure to connect,
Waveguide segment structure is used to be connected, described in each between one end of one U-bend waveguide 4 and one end of another U-bend waveguide 4
Waveguide segment structure includes a waveguide segment being positioned in Y-axis 2 and 1 twisted waveguide section 5 being positioned at waveguide segment 2 one end；Same the shortest
In waveguide periodic structure, the one end of the U-bend waveguide 4 of Y-axis side is directly connected with waveguide segment 2, the U-bend of Y-axis opposite side
The one end of waveguide 4 is directly connected with twisted waveguide section 5, and in whole twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide,
2 adjacent twisted waveguide sections 5 lay respectively at Y-axis both sides；Described twisted waveguide section 5 is overlapped, by 2 L-shaped waveguide segments, the group that links together
Becoming, it is flip horizontal state that a L-shaped waveguide segment compares another L-shaped waveguide segment.
More than we illustrate several embodiments of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide.At these
In example, in order to draw the convenience of schematic diagram, the periodicity of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide is 3-6
Individual.It practice, at electromagnetic wave source, particularly in travelling-wave tube, the week of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide
Issue can up to tens.Meanwhile, in above embodiment, in order to process these twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangles
Waveguide folded waveguide, needs to take the processing method such as line cutting, number numerical-control turn-milling, and many interior angles need chamfered.These fall
Angle can produce impact to the performance of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide, must be examined when Modeling Calculation
Consider.
Claims (8)
1. a twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide, it is characterised in that X-axis, Y-axis and Z axis are set and constitute
Rectangular coordinate system also meets the right-hand rule；O point is coordinate origin；Described twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folds ripple
Leading and include that at least 2 being sequentially communicated along Z-direction and repeating shortwaves lead periodic structure, the shortwave cycle of leading refers in Z-direction
The waveguide cycle that length is the shortest；Adjacent 2 shortwaves are led periodic structure and are directly connected to；Each shortwave leads periodic structure at least
Including 2 U-bend waveguides (4) laying respectively at Y-axis both sides；The recess of U-bend waveguide is towards Y-axis；Same shortwave leads the cycle
2 U-bend waveguides (4) in structure use waveguide segment structure to connect；One end of one U-bend waveguide (4) and another U-bend
Waveguide segment structure is used to connect between one end of waveguide (4)；Each described waveguide segment structure includes a ripple being positioned in Y-axis
The section of leading (2) and 1 twisted waveguide section (5) being positioned at waveguide segment (2) side；Same shortwave is led in periodic structure, the U of Y-axis side
The one end of shape waveguide bend (4) is directly connected with waveguide segment (2)；The one end of the U-bend waveguide (4) of Y-axis opposite side directly with
Twisted waveguide section (5) connects；And in whole twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide, 2 adjacent twisted waveguide sections
(5) Y-axis both sides are laid respectively at；Described twisted waveguide section (5) is linked together by 2 L-shaped waveguide segment overlappings and forms, a L-shaped ripple
It is flip horizontal state that the section of leading compares another L-shaped waveguide segment；Described shortwave arbitrarily lead the both ends of the surface of periodic structure all with YZ
Plane is parallel；What described shortwave led the both ends of the surface of periodic structure is shaped as rectangle；Described arbitrary shortwave leads periodic structure
The broadside of both ends of the surface is all parallel with Y direction；The upper surface of described twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide is neat
Flat；Here described twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide, including all U-bend waveguides (4), all waveguides
Section (2), and all twisted waveguide sections (5).
A kind of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Exist a straight line AB parallel with Z axis, described straight line AB and described any one shortwave leads the common factor of periodic structure is two
The continuous line segment CD not being joined directly together mutually and line segment EF.
A kind of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
There is at least straight line electron beam passage (7) being parallel to Z axis；Described straight line electron beam passage (7) and described straight line AB weight
Close；Described line segment CD and EF leads the maximum amplitude point of the electric field intensity of electromagnetic wave in periodic structure by described shortwave.
A kind of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide the most according to claim 2, when the frequency of electromagnetic wave
When rate is close to the cut-off frequency of the mode of operation of described folded waveguide, described straight line AB is adjacent along Z-direction with described any two
Shortwave lead the phase contrast of the electromagnetic wave at the common factor of periodic structure and level off to zero.
A kind of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In described all U-bend waveguides (4), at least one form parameter of the cross section of at least one is put down with this twisted waveguide combination type standard
The change relatively of the centrage of face rectangular waveguide folded waveguide is more than 10%；The cross section of at least one in all waveguide segments (2)
At least one form parameter is more than with the change relatively of the centrage of this twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide
10%。
A kind of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described waveguide segment is rectangular waveguide.
A kind of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
Straight line electron beam passage (7) runs through all waveguide segments (2).
A kind of twisted waveguide combination type directrix plane rectangular waveguide folded waveguide the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described U-bend waveguide (4) is E face U-bend waveguide (4).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107565202A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2018-01-09 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二四研究所 | The broadside coupled waveguide slow wave line of X-band |
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| CN106128912B (en) | 2017-11-10 |
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