CN106128802B - A kind of preparation method of electrode material for ultracapacitor - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of electrode material for ultracapacitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106128802B CN106128802B CN201610531828.9A CN201610531828A CN106128802B CN 106128802 B CN106128802 B CN 106128802B CN 201610531828 A CN201610531828 A CN 201610531828A CN 106128802 B CN106128802 B CN 106128802B
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Abstract
A kind of preparation method of electrode material for ultracapacitor of the invention, stannic oxide/graphene nano band ultrasonic disperse is obtained into stannic oxide/graphene nano band dispersion liquid in water；Aniline is added into graphene oxide band aqueous dispersion, initiator is added after stirring, the mixed dispersion liquid of intermediate product is obtained after reaction；Manganese dioxide nano particle is added in the mixed dispersion liquid of intermediate product, then ultrasonic disperse obtains the mixed dispersion liquid of manganese dioxide nano particle/intermediate product；Aniline is continuously added into the mixed dispersion liquid of manganese dioxide nano particle/intermediate product, stirring reaction, filtering, is washed to pH value neutrality, the electrode material that graphene nanobelt/manganese dioxide/polyaniline is used for ultracapacitor is obtained after drying.When graphene nanobelt/manganese dioxide/the polyaniline composite material being prepared by the method for the present invention is used as electrochemical capacitance electrode material, excellent capacitive property and cycle life are shown.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to physics field, is related to a kind of electrode material, specifically a kind of for ultracapacitor
The preparation method of electrode material.
Background technology
Ultracapacitor is a kind of energy storage device between ordinary capacitor and chemical cell, has both excellent concurrently
Point, such as power density is high, energy density is high, have extended cycle life, can fast charging and discharging, and with instantaneous high-current discharge and to ring
The characteristics such as border is pollution-free.Because there is application prospect of crucial importance and wide to turn into one of focus of people's research for it.As
A kind of green, excellent performance new type of energy storage device, ultracapacitor are widely used in numerous fields.Electrolyte
Material is the key factor for influenceing performance of the supercapacitor, therefore, in recent years, preparation synthesis of the people to super capacitor material
Modification is made that substantial amounts of research.
Manganese dioxide is preferable super electric capacitor material because manganese dioxide have as super capacitor material it is many
Advantage：Higher theoretical capacitance, preferable environment compatibility, cheap, non-toxic and safe, rich reserves.But in reality
In, the manganese dioxide of pure phase is due to its poor electric conductivity and the manganese dioxide electrode occurred in cyclic process generation
Electrochemical dissolution, the performance for causing it to show be not often high.Therefore, the manganese dioxide of pure phase is as super capacitor material
Also many deficiencies.Graphene nanobelt is a kind of new material occurred after CNT and graphene nanometer sheet,
Outstanding mechanically and electrically chemical property allows it to turn into the good material in electrochemistry and some electronic equipments, such as lithium
Ion battery, ultracapacitor etc..At present, turn into research in row using carbon material and conducting polymer come modified manganese dioxide to learn
One of study hotspot of person.
Li etc. has synthesized the composite of multi-walled carbon nanotube/polyaniline/manganese dioxide, the electricity of resulting composite
Chemical property be greatly improved (LiQ, LiuJ, ZouJ,
etal.Synthesisandelectrochemicalperformanceofmulti-walledcarbonna notube/
polyaniline/MnO2ternarycoaxialnanostructuresforsupercapacitors[J].Journalof
PowerSources2011,196(1):565-572).Jena et al. by by after multi-walled carbon nanotube functionalization and polyaniline and
Manganese dioxide is compound, has obtained composite, composite property outstanding (SkMM, YueCY, JenaRK.Non-
covalentinteractionsandsupercapacitanceofpseudo-cap
acitivecompositeelectrodematerials(MWCNTCOOH/MnO2/PANI)[J]
.SyntheticMetals2015,208:2-12.).Wang etc. has synthesized sulfonated graphene/polyaniline/manganese dioxide composite wood
Material, resulting material have good high rate performance and stable cycle performance (WangG, TangQ, BaoH, LiX,
etal.Synthesisofhierarchicalsulfonatedgraphene/MnO2/po
lyanilineternarycompositeanditsimprovedelectrochemicalperformance[J]
.JournalofPo werSources2013,241:231-238.).So by synthetic composite material for improving titanium dioxide
Manganese super capacitor material has significant effect.
Goal of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of electrode material for ultracapacitor
Preparation method, the preparation method of the described this electrode material for ultracapacitor will solve dioxy of the prior art
Change the poor electric conductivity of manganese electrode material and electrode easily occurs electrochemical dissolution and causes it actually should in cyclic process
The not high technical problem of performance is showed in.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of the electrode material for ultracapacitor, comprise the following steps：
1) stannic oxide/graphene nano band ultrasonic disperse is obtained into stannic oxide/graphene nano band dispersion liquid, described oxygen in water
Mass-dispersion concentration of the graphite alkene nanobelt in water is 0.1~10mg/mL；
2) first aniline, first described benzene are added into graphene oxide band aqueous dispersion made from step 1)
The mass ratio of amine and stannic oxide/graphene nano band is 0.1~20:1, stir 5~30 minutes, then add initiator, described draws
The mass ratio for sending out agent and stannic oxide/graphene nano band is 0.1~25:1 at -10~5 DEG C, during stirring reaction obtains for 5~60 minutes
Between product mixed dispersion liquid；
3) manganese dioxide nano particle is weighed to be added in the mixed dispersion liquid for the intermediate product that step 2) obtains, it is described
The mass ratio of manganese dioxide nano particle and stannic oxide/graphene nano band is 0.1~15：1, then ultrasonic disperse 5~60 minutes,
Obtain the mixed dispersion liquid of manganese dioxide nano particle/intermediate product；
4) it is made into step 3) in the mixed dispersion liquid of manganese dioxide nano particle/intermediate product and continuously adds second batch
The mass ratio of aniline, described second batch aniline and stannic oxide/graphene nano band is 0.1~20:1, at -10~5 DEG C, stirring
Reaction 5~60 minutes, filtering, and neutral to pH value with ethanol, deionized water repeated washing successively, by the material of gained 60~
80 DEG C of dryings 24~48 hours, that is, obtain the electrode material that graphene nanobelt/manganese dioxide/polyaniline is used for ultracapacitor
Material.
Further, in the step 2), described initiator is hydrogen peroxide, potassium peroxydisulfate, sodium peroxydisulfate, persulfuric acid
Any one in ammonium, potassium bichromate, sodium dichromate, iron chloride or manganese chloride or two or more combinations.
Further, in the step 3), described manganese dioxide nano particle is manganese dioxide nanowire, manganese dioxide
Any one in nanometer sheet, manganese dioxide nano-rod or manganese dioxide nano ball or two or more combinations.
The present invention uses simple in-situ polymerization, realizes the effective of graphene nanobelt/manganese dioxide/polyaniline
It is compound, first aniline solution is fed first into the aqueous dispersions of graphene nanobelt, then adds initiator, in-situ polymerization one
After fixing time, a certain amount of manganese dioxide nano particle and aniline solution are sequentially added, further in-situ polymerization obtains graphite
Alkene nanobelt/manganese dioxide/polyaniline composite material.Graphene nanobelt/manganese dioxide/polyaniline prepared by the inventive method
Composite is used as showing excellent capacitive property and cycle life during electrochemical capacitance electrode material, is applicable to water and organic molten
Liquid electrolyte system.
The synthetic method method that employs hydro-thermal combination in-situ polymerization of the present invention, method is simple and easy, energy consumption it is small and
Environment-friendly, the electrode material for super capacitor is easily achieved prepare with scale, the production for industry.It is provided by the invention super
Level capacitor electrode material is with larger specific surface area while good with network structure, electric conductivity.By the way that metal is aoxidized
Thing and graphene and its derived material and conducting polymer are compound, by mutual synergy, successfully improve list
The shortcomings that pure manganese dioxide electric conductivity difference.The electrode material of the present invention is made into super-capacitor pole piece, passes through three electrode bodies
Tie up in neutral electrolyte and tested, wherein, the composition of super-capacitor pole piece is：The ternary super capacitor of 80 parts of synthesis
Device active material, 10 parts of conductive agent, 10 parts of binding agent.Shown by test, electrode material of the invention has good
Performance, there is higher specific capacitance value, while there is preferable high rate performance, and there is good cyclical stability.
The present invention compares with prior art, and its technological progress is significant.The present invention is by the way that new material graphene is received
Rice band and polyaniline and manganese dioxide are compound, and graphene nanobelt/dioxy has been obtained by the method for hydro-thermal combination in-situ polymerization
Change the electrode material that manganese/polyaniline is used for ultracapacitor.Gained composite has good cycle performance and high specific capacitance
Amount, is a kind of preferable electrode material for super capacitor, is adapted to industrialized production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is graphene nanobelt/manganese dioxide/polyaniline ternary super capacitor electrode prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1
The SEM figures of pole material.
Fig. 2 is graphene nanobelt/manganese dioxide/polyaniline ternary super capacitor electrode prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1
The charging and discharging curve figure of pole material.
Fig. 3 is graphene nanobelt/manganese dioxide/polyaniline ternary super capacitor electrode prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1
The cyclic voltammogram of pole material.
Fig. 4 is graphene nanobelt/manganese dioxide/polyaniline ternary super capacitor electrode prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1
The stable circulation performance figure of pole material.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) graphene oxide that 100mg stannic oxide/graphene nanos are obtained to 1mg/mL with ultrasonic disperse in 100ml water is received
Rice band dispersion liquid；
(2) to graphene oxide band aqueous dispersion made from step (1), 0.1g aniline (aniline and graphene are added
The mass ratio of nanobelt is 1:1), stir 15 minutes, then add 0.2g ammonium persulfate, (ammonium persulfate and graphene nano
The mass ratio of band is 2:1), at -5 DEG C, stirring reaction obtains the mixed dispersion liquid of intermediate product in 15 minutes；
(3) weigh 0.6g manganese dioxide nano-rod (mass ratio of manganese dioxide nano-rod and graphene nanobelt be 6:
1) ultrasonic disperse obtains manganese dioxide nano in 10 minutes after, being added in the mixed dispersion liquid for the intermediate product that step (2) obtains
The mixed dispersion liquid of rod/intermediate product；
(4) it is made into step (3) in the mixed dispersion liquid of manganese dioxide nano-rod/intermediate product and continuously adds 0.1g's
(mass ratio of aniline and graphene nanobelt is 1 to aniline:1), at -2 DEG C, stirring reaction 50 minutes, filtering, and second is used successively
Alcohol, deionized water repeated washing are neutral to pH value, and the material of gained is dried 24 hours at 70 DEG C, that is, obtains graphene nano
Band/manganese dioxide/polyaniline is used for the electrode material of ultracapacitor.
Wherein, Fig. 1 is that the SEM of example 1 schemes, the electrode material for ultracapacitor that it can be seen from the figure that example 1 synthesizes
Porous network structure is presented in material, and polyaniline nanoparticles are successfully supported on manganese dioxide nano-rod and graphene nano band.Fig. 2
Constant current under conditions of the ternary electrode material for super capacitor synthesized for example 1 is 1,2,5,10A/g in current density fills
Electric discharge figure, it can be seen that charging and discharging curve can keep symmetry under different current densities, show its good coulomb effect
Rate.Fig. 3 is cyclic voltammetric of the ternary super capacitor material of the synthesis of example 1 under conditions of sweeping speed and being 5,10,20,50mv/s
Figure, it can be seen that ternary ultra-capacitor material can be kept similar to rectangular shape in the case where difference sweeps speed, indicate it well
Capacitive property.Fig. 4 is cycle performance figure of the ternary super capacitor material of example synthesis under 1A/g current densities, is being carried out
After 1000 cycle charge-discharges, capacity retention is about 85%, indicates its circulation good as super capacitor material
Performance.
Embodiment 2
(1) graphene oxide that 500mg stannic oxide/graphene nanos are obtained to 5mg/mL with ultrasonic disperse in 100ml water is received
Rice band dispersion liquid；
(2) to graphene oxide band aqueous dispersion made from step (1), 0.25g aniline (aniline and graphene are added
The mass ratio of nanobelt is 0.5:1), stir 20 minutes, then add 0.5g iron chloride (iron chloride and graphene nanobelt
Mass ratio is 1:1), at -5 DEG C, stirring reaction obtains the mixed dispersion liquid of intermediate product in 20 minutes；
(3) weigh 1g manganese dioxide nano-rod (mass ratio of manganese dioxide nano-rod and graphene nanobelt be 2:1),
After being added in the mixed dispersion liquid for the intermediate product that step (2) obtains ultrasonic disperse obtain within 15 minutes manganese dioxide nano-rod/
The mixed dispersion liquid of intermediate product；
(4) it is made into step (3) in the mixed dispersion liquid of manganese dioxide nano-rod/intermediate product and continuously adds 0.25g
Aniline (mass ratio of aniline and graphene nanobelt be 0.5:1), at 0 DEG C, stirring reaction 40 minutes, filtering, and successively
It is neutral to pH value with ethanol, deionized water repeated washing, the material of gained is dried 30 hours at 75 DEG C, that is, obtains graphene and receives
Rice band/manganese dioxide/polyaniline is used for the electrode material of ultracapacitor.
Embodiment 3
(1) graphene oxide that 200mg stannic oxide/graphene nanos are obtained to 2mg/mL with ultrasonic disperse in 100ml water is received
Rice band dispersion liquid；
(2) to graphene oxide band aqueous dispersion made from step (1), 0.4g aniline (aniline and graphene are added
The mass ratio of nanobelt is 2:1), stir 15 minutes, then add 0.6g sodium peroxydisulfate (sodium peroxydisulfate and graphene nanobelt
Mass ratio be 3:1), at -5 DEG C, stirring reaction obtains the mixed dispersion liquid of intermediate product in 20 minutes；
(3) weigh 0.8g manganese dioxide nano-plates (mass ratio of manganese dioxide nano-plates and graphene nanobelt be 4:
1) ultrasonic disperse obtains manganese dioxide nano in 30 minutes after, being added in the mixed dispersion liquid for the intermediate product that step (2) obtains
The mixed dispersion liquid of piece/intermediate product；
(4) it is made into step (3) in the mixed dispersion liquid of manganese dioxide nano-plates/intermediate product and continuously adds 0.4g's
(mass ratio of aniline and graphene nanobelt is 2 to aniline:1), at -2 DEG C, stirring reaction 30 minutes, filtering, and second is used successively
Alcohol, deionized water repeated washing are neutral to pH value, and the material of gained is dried 30 hours at 70 DEG C, that is, obtains graphene nano
Band/manganese dioxide/polyaniline is used for the electrode material of ultracapacitor.
Embodiment 4
(1) graphene oxide that 300mg stannic oxide/graphene nanos are obtained to 3mg/mL with ultrasonic disperse in 100ml water is received
Rice band dispersion liquid；
(2) to graphene oxide band aqueous dispersion made from step (1), 0.9g aniline (aniline and graphene are added
The mass ratio of nanobelt is 3:1), stir 20 minutes, then add 1.2g hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide and graphene nanobelt
Mass ratio be 4:1), at -2 DEG C, stirring reaction obtains the mixed dispersion liquid of intermediate product in 20 minutes；
(3) weighing 0.15g manganese dioxide nano-plates, (mass ratio of manganese dioxide nano-plates and graphene nanobelt is
0.5:1) ultrasonic disperse obtains manganese dioxide in 20 minutes after, being added in the mixed dispersion liquid for the intermediate product that step (2) obtains
The mixed dispersion liquid of nanometer sheet/intermediate product；
(4) it is made into step (3) in the mixed dispersion liquid of manganese dioxide nano-plates/intermediate product and continuously adds 0.9g's
(mass ratio of aniline and graphene nanobelt is 3 to aniline:1), at -1 DEG C, stirring reaction 60 minutes, filtering, and second is used successively
Alcohol, deionized water repeated washing are neutral to pH value, and the material of gained is dried 36 hours at 80 DEG C, that is, obtains graphene nano
Band/manganese dioxide/polyaniline is used for the electrode material of ultracapacitor.
Embodiment 5
(1) graphene oxide that 600mg stannic oxide/graphene nanos are obtained to 6mg/mL with ultrasonic disperse in 100ml water is received
Rice band dispersion liquid；
(2) to graphene oxide band aqueous dispersion made from step (1), 2.4g aniline (aniline and graphene are added
The mass ratio of nanobelt is 4:1), stir 15 minutes, then add 1.2g ammonium persulfate (ammonium persulfate and graphene nanobelt
Mass ratio be 2:1), at -5 DEG C, stirring reaction obtains the mixed dispersion liquid of intermediate product in 15 minutes；
(3) weigh 1.8g manganese dioxide nanowire (mass ratio of manganese dioxide nanowire and graphene nanobelt be 3:
1) ultrasonic disperse obtains manganese dioxide nano in 10 minutes after, being added in the mixed dispersion liquid for the intermediate product that step (2) obtains
The mixed dispersion liquid of line/intermediate product；
(4) it is made into step (3) in the mixed dispersion liquid of manganese dioxide nanowire/intermediate product and continuously adds 2.4g's
(mass ratio of aniline and graphene nanobelt is 4 to aniline:1), at -2 DEG C, stirring reaction 40 minutes, filtering, and second is used successively
Alcohol, deionized water repeated washing are neutral to pH value, and the material of gained is dried 28 hours at 70 DEG C, that is, obtains graphene nano
Band/manganese dioxide/polyaniline is used for the electrode material of ultracapacitor.
Embodiment 6
(1) graphene oxide that 800mg stannic oxide/graphene nanos are obtained to 8mg/mL with ultrasonic disperse in 100ml water is received
Rice band dispersion liquid；
(2) to graphene oxide band aqueous dispersion made from step (1), 0.4g aniline (aniline and graphene are added
The mass ratio of nanobelt is 0.5:1), stir 30 minutes, then add 1.6g hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide and graphene nano
The mass ratio of band is 2:1), at -5 DEG C, stirring reaction obtains the mixed dispersion liquid of intermediate product in 30 minutes；
(3) weigh 1.6g manganese dioxide nano ball (mass ratio of manganese dioxide nano ball and graphene nanobelt be 2:
1) ultrasonic disperse obtains manganese dioxide nano in 15 minutes after, being added in the mixed dispersion liquid for the intermediate product that step (2) obtains
The mixed dispersion liquid of ball/intermediate product；
(4) it is made into step (3) in the mixed dispersion liquid of manganese dioxide nano ball/intermediate product and continuously adds 0.4g's
(mass ratio of aniline and graphene nanobelt is 0.5 to aniline:1), at -2 DEG C, stirring reaction 60 minutes, filtering, and use successively
Ethanol, deionized water repeated washing are neutral to pH value, and the material of gained is dried 48 hours at 80 DEG C, that is, obtains graphene nano
Band/manganese dioxide/polyaniline is used for the electrode material of ultracapacitor.
Embodiment 7
(1) 200mg stannic oxide/graphene nanos band ultrasonic disperse is obtained into 2mg/mL stannic oxide/graphene nanos in 100ml water
Band dispersion liquid；
(2) to graphene oxide band aqueous dispersion made from step (1), adding 1g aniline, (aniline is received with graphene
The mass ratio of rice band is 5:1), stir 15 minutes, then add 0.8g ammonium persulfate (ammonium persulfate and graphene nanobelt
Mass ratio is 4:1), at -5 DEG C, stirring reaction obtains the mixed dispersion liquid of intermediate product in 30 minutes；
(3) weigh 0.2g manganese dioxide nanowire (mass ratio of manganese dioxide nanowire and graphene nanobelt be 1:
1) ultrasonic disperse obtains manganese dioxide nano in 15 minutes after, being added in the mixed dispersion liquid for the intermediate product that step (2) obtains
The mixed dispersion liquid of line/intermediate product；
(4) benzene that 1g is continuously added in the mixed dispersion liquid of manganese dioxide nanowire/intermediate product is made into step (3)
(mass ratio of aniline and graphene nanobelt is 5 to amine:1), at -2 DEG C, stirring reaction 40 minutes, filtering, and second is used successively
Alcohol, deionized water repeated washing are neutral to pH value, and the material of gained is dried 32 hours at 70 DEG C, that is, obtains graphene nano
Band/manganese dioxide/polyaniline is used for the electrode material of ultracapacitor.
Embodiment 8
(1) 50mg stannic oxide/graphene nanos are obtained into 0.5mg/mL graphene oxide with ultrasonic disperse in 100ml water
Nanobelt dispersion liquid；
(2) to graphene oxide band aqueous dispersion made from step (1), 0.3g aniline (aniline and graphene are added
The mass ratio of nanobelt is 6:1), stir 15 minutes, then add the 0.4g manganese chloride (matter of manganese chloride and graphene nanobelt
Amount is than being 8:1), at -5 DEG C, stirring reaction obtains the mixed dispersion liquid of intermediate product in 20 minutes；
(3) weigh 0.4g manganese dioxide nano-plates (mass ratio of manganese dioxide nano-plates and graphene nanobelt be 8:
1) ultrasonic disperse obtains manganese dioxide nano in 20 minutes after, being added in the mixed dispersion liquid for the intermediate product that step (2) obtains
The mixed dispersion liquid of piece/intermediate product；
(4) it is made into step (3) in the mixed dispersion liquid of manganese dioxide nano-plates/intermediate product and continuously adds 0.3g's
(mass ratio of aniline and graphene nanobelt is 6 to aniline:1), at -2 DEG C, stirring reaction 30 minutes, filtering, and second is used successively
Alcohol, deionized water repeated washing are neutral to pH value, and the material of gained is dried 24 hours at 70 DEG C, that is, obtains graphene nano
Band/manganese dioxide/polyaniline is used for the electrode material of ultracapacitor.
Claims (3)
1. the preparation method of a kind of electrode material for ultracapacitor, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) stannic oxide/graphene nano band ultrasonic disperse is obtained into stannic oxide/graphene nano band dispersion liquid, described oxidation stone in water
Mass-dispersion concentration of the black alkene nanobelt in water is 0.1~10mg/mL；
2) add first aniline into stannic oxide/graphene nano band dispersion liquid made from step 1), first described aniline with
The mass ratio of stannic oxide/graphene nano band is 0.1~20:1, stir 5~30 minutes, then add initiator, described initiator
Mass ratio with stannic oxide/graphene nano band is 0.1~25:1, at -10~5 DEG C, stirring reaction obtains centre in 5~60 minutes
The mixed dispersion liquid of product；
3) manganese dioxide nano particle is weighed, is added in the mixed dispersion liquid for the intermediate product that step 2) obtains, described two
The mass ratio of manganese oxide nano granule and stannic oxide/graphene nano band is 0.1~15：1, then ultrasonic disperse 5~60 minutes, are obtained
To the mixed dispersion liquid of manganese dioxide nano particle/intermediate product；
4) it is made into step 3) in the mixed dispersion liquid of manganese dioxide nano particle/intermediate product and continuously adds second batch benzene
The mass ratio of amine, described second batch aniline and stannic oxide/graphene nano band is 0.1~20:1, at -10~5 DEG C, stirring is anti-
Answer 5~60 minutes, filter, and it is neutral to pH value with ethanol, deionized water repeated washing successively, by the material of gained 60~80
DEG C dry 24~48 hours, that is, obtain graphene nanobelt/manganese dioxide/polyaniline be used for ultracapacitor electrode material.
A kind of 2. preparation method of electrode material for ultracapacitor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
State in step 2), described initiator is hydrogen peroxide, potassium peroxydisulfate, sodium peroxydisulfate, ammonium persulfate, potassium bichromate, dichromic acid
Any one in sodium, iron chloride or manganese chloride or two or more combinations.
A kind of 3. preparation method of electrode material for ultracapacitor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
State in step 3), described manganese dioxide nano particle is manganese dioxide nanowire, manganese dioxide nano-plates, manganese dioxide nano
Any one in rod or manganese dioxide nano ball or two or more combinations.
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