CN106126950B - A kind of building solar energy assessment algorithm and device - Google Patents
A kind of building solar energy assessment algorithm and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106126950B CN106126950B CN201610509707.4A CN201610509707A CN106126950B CN 106126950 B CN106126950 B CN 106126950B CN 201610509707 A CN201610509707 A CN 201610509707A CN 106126950 B CN106126950 B CN 106126950B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of building solar energy assessment algorithm and devices, comprising: step A (rasterizing processing module), rasterizing processing building distribution drawing;Step B (solar radiation time computing module), selection building are distributed a building in drawing, select one grid of the building, centered on the grid, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid blocks angle;Inquiry solar radiation value table obtains the receivable solar radiation time of each angle of the grid;Complete the traversal of all building grids;The solar radiation time of building entirety is obtained by the solar radiation temporal summation of all grids of the building.The present invention develops a kind of efficient method and apparatus to calculate the solar energy resources potentiality that building is received, and can calculate the solar power generation amount for the solar panels disposed on building;The estimation of high quality can be carried out, and can sufficiently rapidly support work of consultation, is suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Solar use and urban planning field, more particularly to a kind of building solar energy assessment algorithm and
Device.
Background technique
In urban planning field, low-carbon ecological urban design is very important trend, and wherein applied solar energy (portion
Point) traditional power plants is replaced to be important open space planning.With the increase of solar battery plate efficiency, solar energy advantage is utilized
It is more and more obvious.Therefore, solar energy resources potentiality are accurately calculated for heavy construction region in the planning stage, and is directed to certain
The solar power generation amount of photovoltaic panel, will be most important.
Research institute of building materials of Beijing develops the basic principle of Sunlight Analysis CAD program, core calculations acceleration technique and appearance
Product Limit Calculation Method, and research achievement is applied to PKPM architectural engineering analysis software.Other Sunlight Analysis based on CAD are soft
There are also SUN [many will, 2007], HYSUN [achievements of a ruler software, 2007 and Autodesk ECOTECT [Autodesk] for part.For city
The research of the Solar use of heavy construction is also than relatively limited.Liu [Liu, 2010] is by specific environment solar radiation geographical distribution
It is combined with Solar use, has researched and analysed solar radiation data.After this, by selecting relative maturity and being easy to make
For the photovoltaic system used as the basis of evaluation and GIS spatial analysis, they establish solar energy resources assessment models, and will be with river
The solar energy resources amount of the locality Su Sheng is verified.
Agugiaro has been mountain area and regional development with Complex Underlying Surface, and solar radiation estimation is built in large-scale city
Method.With the development of GIS technology, related scholar is begun trying the specific of solar energy resources and Solar use in the world
Situation, which combines, to be studied.Such as Huld establishes solar radiation database by GIS technology, give European Union it is available too
The calculation method of positive energy storage capacity studies the solar energy resources of European Union;Monedero etc. is to Ghana of Spain benefit group
The solar energy reserves on island use similar method, comprehensive solar radiation data and environmental factor to the shadow of photovoltaic cell in calculating
It rings, local available solar energy resources generated energy is estimated;The solar radiation that Huld etc. uses influence solar energy
Data and ambient temperature are integrated into UIS system, develop PVGIS assessment models, and user can automatically carry out
The regional assessment of Solar use potentiality in European Union.Yu Zhengda etc. be based on Southwest Taiwan basic condition, from weather, land use and
These restrictive condition manpowers of ecological environmental protection exclude disadvantage factor, have carried out point to local available solar energy resources
Analysis.
In order to calculate the potentiality of solar power generation, need to know the survey region can receive how many solar radiation.In lotus
Orchid, this data can be organized to obtain from NEN.In other countries, national weather mechanism passes through surface weather observation station and satellite etc.
Collect such data.NASA has collected the data in world wide more than 22 years, this data set contains too
Sun can calculate required all parameters, but spatial resolution is only 1x1 degree.
At present for the solar energy assessment of building, in addition to the above, there are also the sides using temporally step size computation shade
Method, but its efficiency is lower, and estimation quality is low, can not quickly support work of consultation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of high-efficient, the quality high building solar energy assessment algorithm of estimation and
Device.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of building solar energy assessment algorithm, comprising:
Step A, rasterizing processing building distribution drawing;
Step B, selection building are distributed a building in drawing, select one grid of the building, be with the grid
Center, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid block angle;Inquiry solar radiation value table obtains each angle of the grid
The receivable solar radiation time of degree;Complete the traversal of all building grids;Pass through all grids of the building
Solar radiation temporal summation obtains solar radiation time of building entirety.
Further, the step B includes:
Step B1 obtains the solar radiation time in building roof head-on radiation face;
A building in selection building distribution drawing, selects a grid of the building roof, is with the grid
Center, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid block angle;Inquiry solar radiation value table obtains each angle of the grid
The receivable solar radiation time of degree;Complete the traversal of all building roof grids;
Step B2 obtains the solar radiation time of side of buildings radiating surface:
Extract the building boundary in building distribution drawing;Select a segment boundary;Select the building boundary corresponding
One grid of side, centered on the grid, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid blocks angle;Inquire solar energy
Radiation value table obtains the receivable solar radiation time of each angle of the grid;It is corresponding to complete each boundary of all buildings
Each side all grids traversal;
Step B3 obtains the building by the solar radiation temporal summation of all roofs of the building and side grid
The solar radiation time of object entirety.
Further, in the step B2: the grid of the side is to carry out height setting based on a segment boundary,
Different height is divided to carry out dummy grid processing, multiple grids of acquisition;By different height step-length, it is corresponding each to complete each boundary
The traversal of all grids of side.
Further, in the step B, the described grid receives the circular of the time of solar radiation are as follows:
According to solar radiation value table, the solar radiation time of each elevation angle in each direction is subtracted maximum, and to block angle below
The solar radiation time obtains practical all directions, height solar radiation time.
Further, in the step B, centered on the grid, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid is blocked
The circular of angle are as follows: centered on the grid, a horizontal direction is selected, selects next grid of the direction,
It is calculated if next grid height is higher than the grid, angle is blocked to the grid, be greater than currently most if blocking angle
Angle is blocked greatly, then replaces current maximum and blocks angle, such as next grid height lower than the grid or calculated is blocked
Angle is less than current maximum and blocks angle, then selects the grid of next direction, completes the traversal in this all direction;It is complete
At the traversal of all horizontal directions of the grid, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid blocks angle.
It further, further include step C, the solar panels that the whole solar radiation time is disposed multiplied by building
Related coefficient finally obtains architectural complex and receives radiation value.
A kind of building solar energy assessment device, comprising:
Rasterizing processing module;For rasterizing processing building distribution drawing;
Solar radiation time computing module;For selecting a building in building distribution drawing, the building is selected
One grid of object, centered on the grid, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid blocks angle;Inquire solar radiation
Value table obtains the receivable solar radiation time of each angle of the grid;Complete the traversal of all building grids;It is logical
The solar radiation temporal summation of all grids of the building is crossed to obtain the solar radiation time of building entirety.
Further, the solar radiation time computing module includes:
The solar radiation time computing module in head-on radiation face, for obtaining the sun in building roof head-on radiation face
It can radiation value;
A building in selection building distribution drawing, selects a grid of the building roof, is with the grid
Center, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid block angle;Inquiry solar radiation value table obtains each angle of the grid
The receivable solar radiation time of degree;Complete the traversal of all building roof grids;
The solar radiation time computing module in side radiation face, for obtaining the solar energy spoke of side of buildings radiating surface
Penetrate value;
Extract the building boundary in building distribution drawing;Select a segment boundary;Select the building boundary corresponding
One grid of side, centered on the grid, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid blocks angle;Inquire solar energy
Radiation value table obtains the receivable solar radiation time of each angle of the grid;It is corresponding to complete each boundary of all buildings
Each side all grids traversal;
The solar radiation time computing module of building entirety, too by all roofs of the building and side grid
Positive energy radiated time is summed to obtain the solar radiation time of building entirety.
Further, in the solar radiation time computing module in the side radiation face, the grid of the side be with
Based on one segment boundary, height setting is carried out, different height is divided to carry out dummy grid processing, multiple grids of acquisition;By not
Same height step completes the traversal of all grids of the corresponding each side in each boundary.
It further, further include that the disposed solar panels of building totally receive radiation value computing module;By solar energy spoke
The solar panels related coefficient that the whole solar radiation time of time computing module acquisition disposed multiplied by building is penetrated,
It finally obtains architectural complex and receives radiation value.
The present invention develops a kind of efficient method and apparatus to calculate the solar energy resources potentiality that building is received,
And the solar power generation amount for the solar panels (photovoltaic panel or photo-thermal plate) disposed on building can be calculated;The present invention passes through pre-
Each elevation angle of building and azimuthal sunshine total time (number of seconds) are first calculated, then, it obtains the direct of each grid
Irradiation time avoids each time step computational shadowgraph in this way.The estimation of high quality can be carried out, and can be sufficient
It is enough rapidly to support work of consultation, it is suitable for popularization and application.
Detailed description of the invention
The above is merely an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, in order to better understand the technical means of the present invention, below
In conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the solar radiation value calculation flow chart in building roof head-on radiation face;
Fig. 2 is the solar radiation value calculation flow chart in building roof side radiation face;
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are respectively the database information table structural schematic diagram of building roof and side;
Fig. 5 is building solar energy three-dimensional map browsing schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is present invention building solar energy assessment schematic device.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Building solar energy assessment algorithm of the invention mainly realize calculate the solar energy resources potentiality that are received of building and
Calculate the solar power generation amount of the photovoltaic panel disposed on building or photo-thermal plate;Include:
Step A, rasterizing processing building distribution drawing;
Step B, selection building are distributed a building in drawing, select one grid of the building, be with the grid
Center, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid block angle;Inquiry solar radiation value table obtains each angle of the grid
The receivable solar radiation time of degree;Complete the traversal of all building grids;Pass through all grids of the building
Solar radiation temporal summation obtains solar radiation time of building entirety.
Above-mentioned steps B includes:
Step B1 obtains the solar radiation time in building roof head-on radiation face, with reference to shown in Fig. 1;
A building in selection building distribution drawing, selects a grid of the building roof, is with the grid
Center, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid block angle;Inquiry solar radiation value table obtains each angle of the grid
The receivable solar radiation time of degree;Complete the traversal of all building roof grids;
Step B2 obtains the solar radiation time of side of buildings radiating surface, with reference to shown in Fig. 2;
Extract the building boundary in building distribution drawing;Select a segment boundary;Select the building boundary corresponding
One grid of side, centered on the grid, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid blocks angle;Inquire solar energy
Radiation value table obtains the receivable solar radiation time of each angle of the grid;It is corresponding to complete each boundary of all buildings
Each side all grids traversal;
Step B3 obtains the building by the solar radiation temporal summation of all roofs of the building and side grid
The solar radiation time of object entirety.
Preferably, refering to what is shown in Fig. 2, in above-mentioned steps B2: the grid of the side is carried out based on a segment boundary
Height is set, and different height is divided to carry out dummy grid processing, multiple grids of acquisition;By different height step-length, each side is completed
The traversal of all grids of the corresponding each side in boundary.
In above-mentioned steps B, the described grid receives the circular of the time of solar radiation are as follows: according to solar energy
The solar radiation time of each elevation angle in each direction is subtracted maximum and blocks angle solar radiation below by radiation value table
Time obtains practical all directions, height solar radiation time (with reference to shown in Fig. 1).
In above-mentioned steps B, centered on the grid, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid blocks the specific of angle
Calculation method are as follows: centered on the grid, select a horizontal direction, select next grid of the direction, such as next grid
Lattice height then calculates it higher than the grid and blocks angle to the grid, blocks angle greater than current maximum if blocking angle
Degree, then replace current maximum and block angle, and such as next grid height is less than lower than the grid or calculated angle of blocking
Current maximum blocks angle, then selects the grid of next direction, completes the traversal in this all direction;Complete the grid
The traversal of all horizontal directions, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid blocks angle, with reference to shown in Fig. 1.
Above-mentioned building solar energy assessment algorithm can also include step C, and the whole solar radiation time is multiplied by building
The solar panels related coefficient that object is disposed can finally obtain architectural complex and receive radiation value.
In conclusion the preferred embodiment of the invention, is to finish user's calculating speed and general physical algorithms
It closes, in whole implementation process, the building distribution drawing of shp format (can such as be contained and calculate region building periphery 200 first
Building in rice) it is read out, the ceiling information for then obtaining building receives head-on radiation face association attributes to obtain it,
It obtains its building roof boundary and receives side radiation face association attributes to obtain it.The potential solar energy of building is assessed to produce
Amount.By influencing to consider between the grid of different angle different periods, finds out the biggest impact grid factor and its disturbance degree and carry out
Raster overlay and it is finally reduced into vector drawing, finally calculated in building roof, side (side elevation) photovoltaic panel or photo-thermal plate
Solar energy yield.Cooperate shown in Fig. 3, for front, first handle target construction rasterizing, is then directed to each
Grid records its height and dependency information, then traverses and may cause the grid of occlusion effect (in being with the grid to the grid
The heart, each angle direction of horizontal direction is seen away, sees 360 degree), the maximum for obtaining all angles blocks angle, passes through inquiry later
Solar radiation value table obtain receive radiation time, determined by the time integral of all grids of the building it is whole just
Surface radiation face solar radiation value, then with this result multiplied by other related coefficients, such as photovoltaic panel material, angle of photovoltaic panel,
Finally obtain positive overall reception radiation value.Cooperate shown in Fig. 4, for side, obtains its building roof boundary, then
Height setting is carried out to boundary, is divided after different height dummy grid and is repeated positive calculating process (wherein each angle of horizontal direction is seen
Go out, usually see 180 degree), it obtains side and totally receives radiation value.Two parts are combined, overall radiation value is finally obtained, it is complete
At the calculating process.Finally polar plot is converted to again according to the affiliated building of grid, rendering classification generates thematic map,
With reference to shown in Fig. 5.
Steps are as follows for specific substep:
1. importing the VectorLayer built in some region, its corresponding shape and elevation information are obtained, is used
Drawing information is read as corresponding computer-readable by the field correlation technique of the featureclass class of ArcObject encapsulation
Attribute list information and saved.
2. suitable grid size is arranged, the area pattern information on roof is then passed through into GeoDataset class
PolygonShpToRaster method carries out vector and turns rastering operation, while retaining each grid block pass related to corresponding vector
System.
3. choosing a grid not traversed to search for maximum in its all angles according to direction of search step-length and block grid
(arctan d/ δ h) records its grid number and blocks angle.
4. inquiring solar radiation value table, the receivable solar radiation time of each of which angle is obtained, summation is passed through
Obtain total solar energy receiving time of the grid.
5. the IsegmentCollection method encapsulated by ArcObject, extracts the composition broken line of the building
Shape information, be read as corresponding computer-readable attribute list information and saved.
6. the Centroid method of the IGeometry interface by ArcObject encapsulation, obtains the center of the building
Point, for judging whether boundary direction is located in building.
7. boundary is carried out virtualization grid processing, that is, the grid cell, raster cell containing these boundaries is extracted, height is then passed through
Step-length setting is spent, the virtual boundary grid of different height is obtained, and repeats positive calculating process, obtains the building of each height
Radiated time on lateral outer direction.
8. all dummy grids on pair all boundaries of the building are summed, the side global radiation time is obtained.
9. pair side and roof summation, obtain total time.
10. total time is finally obtained the building multiplied by related coefficient, such as photovoltaic panel material, angle of photovoltaic panel
It is overall to receive radiation value.
11. completing the traversal of owned building, terminate process.
Embodiment 2
As shown in fig. 6, a kind of building solar energy of the invention assesses device, comprising:
Rasterizing processing module;For rasterizing processing building distribution drawing;
Solar radiation time computing module;For selecting a building in building distribution drawing, the building is selected
One grid of object, centered on the grid, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid blocks angle;Inquire solar radiation
Value table obtains the receivable solar radiation time of each angle of the grid;Complete the traversal of all building grids;It is logical
The solar radiation temporal summation of all grids of the building is crossed to obtain the solar radiation time of building entirety.
Above-mentioned solar radiation time computing module includes:
The solar radiation time computing module in head-on radiation face, for obtaining the sun in building roof head-on radiation face
It can radiation value;A building in selection building distribution drawing, selects a grid of the building roof, is with the grid
Center, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid block angle;Inquiry solar radiation value table obtains each angle of the grid
The receivable solar radiation time of degree;Complete the traversal of all building roof grids;
The solar radiation time computing module in side radiation face, for obtaining the solar energy spoke of side of buildings radiating surface
Penetrate value;Extract the building boundary in building distribution drawing;Select a segment boundary;Select the corresponding side in the building boundary
A grid, centered on the grid, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid blocks angle;Inquire solar radiation
Value table obtains the receivable solar radiation time of each angle of the grid;It is corresponding each to complete all each boundaries of the building
The traversal of all grids of side;
The solar radiation time computing module of building entirety, too by all roofs of the building and side grid
Positive energy radiated time is summed to obtain the solar radiation time of building entirety.
In the solar radiation time computing module in above-mentioned side radiation face, the grid of the side is to be with a segment boundary
Basis carries out height setting, and different height is divided to carry out dummy grid processing, multiple grids of acquisition;By different height step-length,
Complete the traversal of all grids of the corresponding each side in each boundary.
Above-mentioned building solar energy assessment device further includes that the disposed solar panels of building totally receive radiation value calculating mould
Block;The sun that the whole solar radiation time that solar radiation time computing module is obtained is disposed multiplied by building
Energy plate related coefficient finally obtains architectural complex and receives radiation value.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention in any form, this
Field technical staff makes a little simple modification, equivalent variations or modification using the technology contents of the disclosure above, all falls within this hair
In bright protection scope.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of building solar energy assessment algorithm characterized by comprising
Step A, rasterizing processing building distribution drawing;
Step B, selection building is distributed a building in drawing, selects one grid of the building, centered on the grid,
The maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid blocks angle;What inquiry solar radiation value table obtained each angle of the grid can
The received solar radiation time;Complete the traversal of all building grids;Pass through the solar energy of all grids of the building
Radiated time sums to obtain the solar radiation time of building entirety;
The step B is specifically included:
Step B1 obtains the solar radiation time in building roof head-on radiation face;
A building in selection building distribution drawing, selects a grid of the building roof, centered on the grid,
The maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid blocks angle;What inquiry solar radiation value table obtained each angle of the grid can
The received solar radiation time;Complete the traversal of all building roof grids;
Step B2 obtains the solar radiation time of side of buildings radiating surface:
Extract the building boundary in building distribution drawing;Select a segment boundary;Select the corresponding side in the building boundary
A grid, centered on the grid, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid blocks angle;Inquire solar radiation
Value table obtains the receivable solar radiation time of each angle of the grid;It is corresponding each to complete all each boundaries of the building
The traversal of all grids of side;
It is whole to obtain the building by the solar radiation temporal summation of all roofs of the building and side grid by step B3
The solar radiation time of body.
2. building solar energy assessment algorithm according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step B2: the side
Grid be based on a segment boundary, carry out height setting, divide different height carry out dummy grid processing, acquisition it is multiple
Grid;By different height step-length, the traversal of all grids of the corresponding each side in each boundary is completed.
3. -2 described in any item building solar energy assessment algorithms according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step B, institute
State the circular that the grid receives the time of solar radiation are as follows: according to solar radiation value table, each direction is every
The solar radiation time of a elevation angle subtracts maximum and blocks the angle solar radiation time below, the practical all directions of acquisition,
The height solar radiation time.
4. -2 described in any item building solar energy assessment algorithms according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step B, with
Centered on the grid, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid blocks the circular of angle are as follows: is with the grid
Center selects a horizontal direction, selects next grid of the direction, calculates if next grid height is higher than the grid
It blocks angle to the grid, blocks angle greater than current maximum if blocking angle, replaces current maximum and block angle
Degree, such as next grid height lower than the grid or it is calculated block angle and block angle less than current maximum, then select
The grid of next direction is selected, the traversal in this all direction is completed;The traversal of all horizontal directions of the grid is completed, is obtained
The maximum of each horizontal direction of the grid blocks angle.
5. -2 described in any item building solar energy assessment algorithms according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it further include step C, it is whole
The solar panels related coefficient that the solar radiation time of body is disposed multiplied by building finally obtains architectural complex and receives spoke
Penetrate value.
6. a kind of building solar energy assesses device characterized by comprising
Rasterizing processing module;For rasterizing processing building distribution drawing;
Solar radiation time computing module;For selecting a building in building distribution drawing, the building one is selected
A grid, centered on the grid, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid blocks angle;Inquire solar radiation value table
Obtain the receivable solar radiation time of each angle of the grid;Complete the traversal of all building grids;By this
The solar radiation temporal summation of all grids of building obtains solar radiation time of building entirety;
The solar radiation time computing module specifically includes:
The solar radiation time computing module in head-on radiation face, for obtaining the solar energy spoke in building roof head-on radiation face
Penetrate value;
A building in selection building distribution drawing, selects a grid of the building roof, centered on the grid,
The maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid blocks angle;What inquiry solar radiation value table obtained each angle of the grid can
The received solar radiation time;Complete the traversal of all building roof grids;
The solar radiation time computing module in side radiation face, for obtaining the solar radiation of side of buildings radiating surface
Value;
Extract the building boundary in building distribution drawing;Select a segment boundary;Select the corresponding side in the building boundary
A grid, centered on the grid, the maximum for obtaining each horizontal direction of the grid blocks angle;Inquire solar radiation
Value table obtains the receivable solar radiation time of each angle of the grid;It is corresponding each to complete all each boundaries of the building
The traversal of all grids of side;
The solar radiation time computing module of building entirety, passes through the solar energy on the building all roofs and side grid
Radiated time sums to obtain the solar radiation time of building entirety.
7. building solar energy according to claim 6 assesses device, which is characterized in that the solar energy in the side radiation face
In radiated time computing module, the grid of the side be based on a segment boundary, carry out height setting, divide different height into
The processing of row dummy gridization, multiple grids of acquisition;By different height step-length, all grid of the corresponding each side in each boundary are completed
The traversal of lattice.
8. assessing device according to the described in any item building solar energy of claim 6-7, which is characterized in that further include building portion of institute
The solar panels of administration totally receive radiation value computing module;The whole solar energy that solar radiation time computing module is obtained
The solar panels related coefficient that radiated time is disposed multiplied by building finally obtains architectural complex and receives radiation value.
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CN103942420A (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2014-07-23 | 北京大学 | Rapid estimation method for solar energy in construction size |
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CN103778331A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-05-07 | 河北省电力勘测设计研究院 | Method for calculating solar resources in building photovoltaic system |
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