CN106125123A - A kind of calorimeter, the measurement system and method for absorbed dose - Google Patents
A kind of calorimeter, the measurement system and method for absorbed dose Download PDFInfo
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- CN106125123A CN106125123A CN201610407631.4A CN201610407631A CN106125123A CN 106125123 A CN106125123 A CN 106125123A CN 201610407631 A CN201610407631 A CN 201610407631A CN 106125123 A CN106125123 A CN 106125123A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/02—Dosimeters
- G01T1/12—Calorimetric dosimeters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/006—Total absorption calorimeters; Shower detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T3/00—Measuring neutron radiation
- G01T3/04—Measuring neutron radiation using calorimetric devices
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Abstract
The present invention discloses the measurement system and method for a kind of calorimeter, absorbed dose.This calorimeter includes: include astrosphere, the hollow ball being arranged concentrically with astrosphere, and inner layer case, heat insulation layer and outer shell that hollow ball sets gradually from inside to outside are constituted；The first critesistor it is provided with in astrosphere；The second critesistor it is embedded with between heat insulation layer and outer shell；The lead-in wire of the first critesistor is connected with wire by through hole.Use the calorimeter of the present invention, the measurement system and method for absorbed dose, measure waiting time length during can solving existing calorimetric measurement amount and measure the problem that there is error, and combined circuit switch solves the problem of drift of the own temperature that the first critesistor persistent fever causes, improve the certainty of measurement of critesistor resistance, it is achieved the most accurately measure pulsed neutron, the absorbed dose of gamma-rays mixing field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pulsed neutron, gamma-rays mixing field absorbed dose field of measuring technique, particularly relate to a kind of amount
Heat meter, the measurement system and method for absorbed dose.
Background technology
Calorimetry measures neutron, gamma-ray absorbed dose are international absolute method of measurement.In main
Absorbed dose standard measuring equipment, gamma-ray is graphite calorimeter and water absorbent calorimeter, the carbon atom sequence in graphite
Number is suitable with the average atomic number of human body main matter water, and radiation absorption characteristics and tissue have certain equivalence；
Owing to the composition of human body more than 80% is water, the radiation characteristic of water absorbent is best with human body equivalence.
At present, external main application heat leakage offset-type calorimeter measures neutron, gamma-ray absorbed dose, and its resistance is surveyed
Metering method Wheatstone bridge method.
As it is shown in figure 1, Fig. 1 is the profile of a kind of graphite thermal scatter compensation type calorimeter.It is by high-purity order of reactor
Graphite make, be divided into the layers such as absorber 103, overcoat 102, outer housing 101, have small gap between layers.Heat leakage is mended
Core body dispersed heat can be compensated by the type calorimeter automatically of repaying, and precision is higher, and essentially all reference radiation dosage calorimeter is all
Use this structure.
As in figure 2 it is shown, Fig. 2 is to measure the layout of the Wheatstone bridge of critesistor resistance in calorimeter fuse.Fig. 2
In, RcFor critesistor, RxFor can the resistor of the known resistance of furnishing, R1And RJIt it is fixed resister known to resistance.All electricity
The kind of resistance is identical, and resistance is sufficiently large, consumes at RcElectrical power be negligible.When setting up RxTo produce zero current
During readings, Rc/Rx=R1/RJ, the most just can determine that RcResistance.Calorimeter core component calorimeter core system presses quasi-adiabatic side
Formula works, i.e. core body, shell, outer housing is all irradiated by homogeneity beam, according to design, and the thermal capacity Δ mc phase of core body and shell
Deng, core body, shell and shield by by uniform dosage by equal heating.Additional electric energy can supplement to shield
To compensate its thermal loss.So, the heat from core body loss is negligible, so that the Δ T recorded in the core is permissible
The Δ T being used in " core body+shell " that observed during electricity is demarcated carrys out correctly interpretation.
Electricity timing signal, only heats core body.The heat that core body dispersed heat is absorbed by shell compensates, and shell is outside
Scattering and disappearing of cover only needs less correction.Also it is adiabatic at electricity timing signal core body and shell as an entirety.At electricity timing signal
The electric energy consumed in core body is represented by:
Ee=(Δ mc)cΔTc+(Δmc)jΔTj=Δ mc (Δ Tc+ΔTj)
In formula (Δ mc)c(Δ mc)jBeing the thermal capacity of core body and shell, according to design, they are equal to Δ mc, Δ TcAnd Δ
TjIt is electricity timing signal core body and the temperature rise of shell.Core body and the temperature-measuring thermistor of shell, heating use of holding concurrently.Measure core body with outer
The Wheatstone bridge circuit of shell temperature rise sum is as shown in Figure 3.
In the circuit by the critesistor R in core body and shellcAnd RjReceive on two relative arms of electric bridge, R, R1、
RxIt it is known adjustable resistance.Two critesistor are selected to make Rc、RjEqual.Under conditions of electric bridge reaches initial balance,
RjRc=R1Rx
When core body is by Resistant heating or by the critesistor generation resistance variations Δ R in irradiation, core body and shellcWith
ΔRjTime, regulate RxFor Rx-Δ RxElectric bridge is made again to reach balance.At this moment have
(Rj-ΔRj)(Rc-ΔRc)=R1(Rx-ΔRx)
Utilize above formula and set R1=Rx=Rc=Rj, then obtain
Δ R is changed for little resistancecWith Δ Rj, in above formulaNegligible.So Δ RxIt is equal to core
The change sum of the critesistor resistance in body and shell.When electrical heating or radiation can all retain in the core, Δ Rc=
ΔRx, Δ Rj=0.When the partial heat in core body transfers to shell, | Δ Rc|<|ΔRx|, | Δ Rj|>0.So, energy exists
The impact on Δ Rx is shifted minimum between core body and shell.
Above-mentioned heat loss compensates calorimeter and there is problem:
1, system complex, said system is mainly in electrical heating scale application, the process that substantially specific heat capacity is measured.
If the material using specific heat capacity accurately known does calorimeter core body and shell, then can omit this process.
2, Wheatstone bridge passes through leveling, just can obtain the variable quantity of resistance value, need process and time, during this
Critesistor is still in heating, and the resistance variations that this heat causes can cause error.
3, thermally equilibrated after irradiation re-establish, calorimeter structure, such as Fig. 1, be adiabatic on the whole, core body to shell,
Shell is to outer housing heat transfer all difficulties, and when measuring, thermal insulation is good, but after irradiation terminates, calorimeter should be built with the external world again
Vertical thermal balance, just can need to reuse through a period of time.
In sum, how to solve to measure during existing calorimetric measurement amount waiting time length and measurement to there is error be this
Skilled person's urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the measurement system and method for a kind of calorimeter, absorbed dose, this calorimeter, absorbent
Error is there is in the measurement waiting time length during system and method can solve the problem that existing calorimetric measurement amount of measuring of amount with measuring
Problem, it is achieved the most accurately measure pulsed neutron, the absorbed dose of gamma-rays mixing field.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of calorimeter, including astrosphere, be arranged concentrically with described astrosphere
Hollow ball, described hollow ball is made up of the inner layer case set gradually from inside to outside, heat insulation layer and outer shell；In described astrosphere
It is provided with the first critesistor；Described inner layer case and described astrosphere interval are arranged；Between described heat insulation layer and described outer shell embedding
It is provided with the second critesistor；Described hollow ball is divided into two hemispherical Shells being flexibly connected, and one of them described hemispherical Shell is provided with logical
Hole, described through hole connects has the penetration pipe containing wire, the lead-in wire of described first critesistor to be led with described by described through hole
Line is connected.
Optionally, some spherical support point it is provided with between described inner layer case and described astrosphere.
Optionally, described astrosphere is provided with the installing hole installing described first critesistor, described installing hole and described the
The gap of one critesistor is filled with aluminium powder, and the aperture of described installing hole uses colloid to close.
Optionally, one end of two described hemispherical Shell buckling surfaces is connected by rotary shaft, and hemispherical Shell described in two can be around described
Rotary shaft is turned on and off.
Optionally, the material of described heat insulation layer is foamed polyethylene.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pulsed neutron, the measurement system of gamma-rays mixing field absorbed dose,
Including above-mentioned calorimeter, described calorimeter includes astrosphere, the hollow ball being arranged concentrically with described astrosphere, described hollow ball by
The inner layer case, heat insulation layer and the outer shell that set gradually from inside to outside are constituted；The first critesistor it is provided with in described astrosphere；Described
Inner layer case and described astrosphere interval are arranged；The second critesistor it is embedded with between described heat insulation layer and described outer shell；Described
Hollow ball is divided into two hemispherical Shells being flexibly connected, and one of them described hemispherical Shell is provided with through hole, described through hole connect have containing
The penetration pipe of wire, the lead-in wire of described first critesistor is connected with described wire by described through hole；
Also include that circuit switch, described circuit switch include a single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), first control circuit and second
Control circuit, described single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) includes first input end and the second input and outfan, described first input end with
The test side of described first critesistor is connected, and described second input is connected with the test side of described second critesistor
Connecing, described outfan connects has detecting device for thermistor, described detecting device for thermistor to be used for measuring described first temperature-sensitive
Resistance and the resistance value of described second critesistor；Described first control circuit is connected with described first input end, and described
Two control circuits are connected with described second input, and described first control circuit is connected meter respectively with described second control circuit
Calculation machine；Described computer is for controlling described first control circuit and the break-make of described second control circuit, and controls described heat
Quick resistor detecting device detects described first critesistor and the resistance value of described second critesistor, and by described resistance value
Calculate variations in temperature and the absorbed dose obtaining described astrosphere.
A further object of the present invention is a kind of pulsed neutron, the measuring method of gamma-rays mixing field absorbed dose, utilizes
Described measurement system carries out pulsed neutron, the measurement of gamma-rays mixing field absorbed dose；
Described measuring method includes:
Obtain the first critesistor and the resistance of described second critesistor described in when hemispherical Shell described in two is opened；
When the resistance of described first critesistor and the resistance of described second critesistor are equal, close hemisphere described in two
Shell；
Control described circuit switch and switch to measure the resistance of described first critesistor, it is thus achieved that background values；
Control described circuit switch and switch to measure the resistance of described second critesistor, described calorimeter is entered simultaneously
Horizontal pulse irradiation；
Control described circuit switch and switch to the resistance of described first critesistor after measuring irradiation, it is thus achieved that measure
Value；
Variations in temperature and the absorbed dose of described astrosphere are calculated according to described background values and measured value.
Optionally, the first critesistor described in when hemispherical Shell described in described acquisition two is opened and described second critesistor
Resistance, specifically includes:
Utilize described detecting device for thermistor to measure described first critesistor and described second critesistor simultaneously
Resistance.
Optionally, described control described circuit switch switches to measure the resistance of described first critesistor, it is thus achieved that this
Floors, specifically includes:
Input controls signal to described first control circuit, opens described first input end；
Control described detecting device for thermistor and measure the resistance of described first critesistor.
Optionally, described control described circuit switch switches to measure the resistance of described second critesistor, specifically wraps
Include:
Input controls signal to described second control circuit, opens described second input；
Control described detecting device for thermistor and measure the resistance of described second critesistor.
The specific embodiment provided according to the present invention, the invention discloses techniques below effect: the calorimetric that the present invention provides
First critesistor is located at inside astrosphere by meter, and the second critesistor is located between outer shell and heat insulation layer, and passes through wire
Draw, it is possible to realize the direct measurement of two critesistor resistances, eliminate loaded down with trivial details bridge circuit, reduce critesistor work
Time cause because of heating own temperature drift impact, improve absorbed dose certainty of measurement.Further, this calorimeter astrosphere
Outside hollow ball is two hemispherical Shells being flexibly connected, it is possible to makes astrosphere be fully contacted with environment easily, makes calorimeter
Before reusing after irradiation, it is possible to be fully contacted with surrounding, astrosphere and ambient temperature is made to be rapidly achieved thermal balance,
Calorimeter can be measured after one-shot measurement terminates the most again, improves measurement efficiency, also is able to improve measure simultaneously
Precision.For pulsed neutron, the measurement system and method for gamma-rays mixing field absorbed dose of present invention offer, it is by utilizing
The calorimeter that the present invention provides is popped one's head in as calorimeter, is positioned in mixing field and accepts irradiation, before measuring critesistor detection
Device measures the resistance value of the second critesistor all the time, before impulse radiation, by circuit switch by measuring circuit from second
Critesistor is switched to the first critesistor, the most both ensure that detecting device for thermistor can be measured incessantly, and had stopped
The problem of the drift of the own temperature that the first critesistor persistent fever causes, and the resistance of the second critesistor had prison
Survey means, further increase the certainty of measurement of critesistor resistance, and then improve the certainty of measurement of absorbed dose.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to institute in embodiment
The accompanying drawing used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is only some enforcements of the present invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to according to these accompanying drawings
Obtain other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the profile of graphite thermal scatter compensation type calorimeter in prior art；
Fig. 2 is to measure the layout of the Wheatstone bridge of critesistor resistance in calorimeter fuse in prior art；
Fig. 3 is to measure core body and the Wheatstone bridge layout of shell temperature rise sum in prior art；
The profile of the calorimeter that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The circuit theory diagrams of the circuit switch that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The flow chart of the measuring method of the absorbed dose that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments wholely.Based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise
Embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in Figure 4, the invention provides a kind of calorimeter, including astrosphere 401, be arranged concentrically with astrosphere 401
Hollow ball, hollow ball is made up of the inner layer case 402 set gradually from inside to outside, heat insulation layer 403 and outer shell 404；Astrosphere 401
Inside it is provided with the first critesistor 405；Inner layer case 402 and astrosphere 401 interval are arranged；Between heat insulation layer 403 and outer shell 404 embedding
It is provided with the second critesistor 406；Hollow ball is divided into two hemispherical Shells being flexibly connected 412,413, and one of them hemispherical Shell 413 sets
Having a through hole 408, through hole 408 connects the penetration pipe 409 containing wire, the lead-in wire of the first critesistor 405 by through hole with lead
Line is connected.
In the present embodiment, astrosphere 401 uses the aluminum ball of a diameter of 6mm, and material uses commercial-purity aluminium Al100, aluminum
Can dispel the heat faster, it is possible to more notable and reaction change of temperature after irradiation faster, therefore aluminium material more can
Improve accuracy of detection.
It is internal that astrosphere 401 is located at by first critesistor 405 by the calorimeter that the present invention provides, the second critesistor 406
It is located between outer shell 404 and heat insulation layer 403, and is drawn by wire, it is possible to realize the direct measurement of two critesistor resistances,
Eliminate loaded down with trivial details bridge circuit, the impact of the own temperature drift caused because of heating when reducing critesistor work, carry
High absorbed dose certainties of measurement.Further, the hollow ball outside this calorimeter astrosphere 401 is two hemispherical Shells being flexibly connected
412,413, it is possible to make astrosphere 401 be fully contacted with environment, before making calorimeter reuse after irradiation easily, it is possible to
Being fully contacted with surrounding, make astrosphere 401 and ambient temperature be rapidly achieved thermal balance, calorimeter is after one-shot measurement terminates
Can the most again measure, improve measurement efficiency, also be able to improve certainty of measurement simultaneously.
As the optional embodiment of one, between inner layer case 402 and astrosphere 401, it is provided with some spherical support point 410.
Using spherical support point 410 is to make astrosphere 401 and inner layer case 402 form point cantact, reducing astrosphere 401 and inner layer case
Heat transfer between 402, more effectively ensure that the independence that astrosphere 401 absorbs heat and dispels the heat, it is ensured that variations in temperature accurate,
Improve accuracy of detection.
As the optional embodiment of one, astrosphere 401 is provided with the installing hole 411 installing the first critesistor 405, peace
The gap of dress hole 411 and the first critesistor 405 is filled with aluminium powder, and the aperture of installing hole 411 uses colloid to close.Such first
Critesistor 405 can be fully contacted with astrosphere 401, uses the aluminium powder identical with astrosphere 401 material as filling simultaneously
Medium more can accurately reflect the change of astrosphere 401 temperature, improves the certainty of measurement of the first critesistor 405, is installing simultaneously
The aperture in hole 411 uses colloid to close, and the mobility of this colloid is advisable the most deeply cannot flow into aluminium powder, to avoid colloid and aluminium powder
Mixing causes the first critesistor 405 to contact with the aluminium powder being mixed with colloid, and then affects the sensing essence of the first critesistor 405
The problem of degree occurs.
As the optional embodiment of one, one end of two hemispherical Shell 412,413 buckling surfaces is connected by rotary shaft, and two
Hemispherical Shell 412,413 can be turned on and off around rotary shaft.Concrete, a hemispherical Shell 412 is provided with doubly-linked lug wherein, another
Hemispherical Shell 413 is provided with single connection ear, and single connection ear is located between doubly-linked lug and three engaging lugs stacked are provided with through
Through hole, rotary shaft is located in this through hole, it is achieved be rotatably connected two halves spherical shell 412,413, and is relative another of rotary shaft
End, two halves spherical shell 412,413 is respectively equipped with connecting plate, and two connecting plates are connected by screw bolt and nut, when needs are opened hollow
During ball, screw bolt and nut is opened, be easy to open and close hollow ball, after irradiation, hollow ball is opened, astrosphere
401 can carry out sufficient heat exchange with environment, compare thermistor temp, when the temperature that two critesistor are corresponding is equal,
Structure is closed, i.e. can reach the purpose of adiabatic measurement.Certainly the rotating folding structure of two halves spherical shell 412,413 can also is that it
His structure, such as hinged mode.The structure of this two hemispheres is capable of the fast uniform of astrosphere 401 and ambient temperature,
Accelerate measuring speed, and astrosphere 401 can be made fully to contact with external environment, it is ensured that astrosphere 401 variations in temperature
Accuracy, improve certainty of measurement.
As the optional embodiment of one, the material of heat insulation layer 403 is foamed polyethylene, the specific heat of this adiabator with
Aluminum ratio is closer to, it is possible to play more preferable insulation effect, improves certainty of measurement.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pulsed neutron, the measurement system of gamma-rays mixing field absorbed dose,
Including above-mentioned calorimeter, calorimeter includes astrosphere 401, the hollow ball being arranged concentrically with astrosphere 401, and hollow ball is by by introversion
The inner layer case 402, heat insulation layer 403 and the outer shell 404 that set gradually outward are constituted；The first critesistor it is provided with in astrosphere 401
405；Inner layer case 402 and astrosphere 401 interval are arranged；The second critesistor it is embedded with between heat insulation layer 403 and outer shell 404
406；Hollow ball is divided into two hemispherical Shells being flexibly connected 412,413, and one of them hemispherical Shell 413 is provided with through hole 408, through hole
408 connections have the penetration pipe 409 containing wire, the lead-in wire of the first critesistor 405 to be connected with wire by through hole 408；
As it is shown in figure 5, also include circuit switch, circuit switch includes that a single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) 501, first controls electricity
Road 505 and second control circuit 506, single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) 501 includes first input end 502 and the second input 503 and output
End 504, first input end 502 is connected with the test side of the first critesistor 405, the second input 503 and the second temperature-sensitive electricity
The test side of resistance 406 is connected, and outfan 504 connects has detecting device for thermistor, detecting device for thermistor to be used for measuring
First critesistor 405 and the resistance value of the second critesistor 406；First control circuit 505 is connected with first input end 502
Connecing, second control circuit 506 is connected with the second input 503, and first control circuit 505 is with second control circuit 506 respectively
Connect computer；Computer is for controlling first control circuit 505 and the break-make of second control circuit 506, and controls temperature-sensitive electricity
Resistance detection device detects the first critesistor 405 and resistance value of the second critesistor 406, and is calculated in acquisition by resistance value
The variations in temperature of bulbus cordis 401 and absorbed dose.
In the measurement system of the absorbed dose that the present invention provides, detecting device for thermistor uses high-accuracy digital versatile
Table, eliminates Wheatstone bridge of the prior art, and the certainty of measurement measured by this digital multimeter depends on numeral
The accuracy of the measurement of multimeter, uses Aglient3458 type digital multimeter in the present embodiment, this digital multimeter figure place is
8 half, minimum resistance certainty of measurement about 0.001 ohm.For the selection of critesistor, first critesistor should select as far as possible
Little size；Then selecting applicable resistance, accurate small-sized critesistor answers Standard resistance range to be typically in 1k～100k ohm
Scope, within the range, the resistance of 10k ohms, coordinate the use of Aglient3458A DMM gear, DMM surveys in difference
Under amount gear, its current value is different, so selects resistance that ohm heat can be made minimum, and makes the impact minimum of resistance spontaneous heating,
To improve the precision measuring critesistor resistance.
The heating operationally of the critesistor of calorimeter, can cause the drift of own temperature, therefore, should subtract as far as possible
Critesistor conduction time less, but digital multimeter is always intended to certain preheating time when measuring, and there is certain lance in this
Shield.
The resistance value outside spherical shell measured all the time by this measurement system digital multimeter before measuring, the short time before impulsive measurement
In, use circuit switch, measuring circuit is switched to core balls internal resistance from spherical shell external resistance, the most both ensure that multimeter
Uninterrupted measurement, stopped internal resistance persistent fever, and the resistance of spherical shell external resistance had monitoring means, background can have been carried out
Monitoring.
Circuit switch should ensure that switching is fast, and little on circuit impact, and through experiment, selected Aglient8765 hilted broadsword is double
Throw switch 501 is switch major component, and physical circuit figure is as shown in Figure 5.Utilize the computer the first control to circuit switch
Circuit 505 and/or second control circuit 506 send TTL signal, it is achieved circuit handoff functionality.
Pulsed neutron, the measurement system of gamma-rays mixing field absorbed dose that the present embodiment provides are counted as by above-mentioned calorimetric
Popping one's head in for calorimeter, be positioned in mixing field and accept irradiation, detecting device for thermistor measures the second temperature-sensitive all the time before measuring
The resistance value of resistance 406, before impulse radiation, is switched to measuring circuit from the second critesistor 406 by circuit switch
First critesistor 405, the most both ensure that detecting device for thermistor can be measured incessantly, had stopped the first temperature-sensitive electricity
Hinder 405 persistent fevers, and the resistance of the second critesistor 406 has been had monitoring means, further increase critesistor resistance
Certainty of measurement, and then improve the certainty of measurement of absorbed dose.
A further object of the present invention is a kind of pulsed neutron, the measuring method of gamma-rays mixing field absorbed dose, such as Fig. 6
Shown in, the measurement system of utilization carries out pulsed neutron, the measurement of gamma-rays mixing field absorbed dose；
Measuring method includes:
Step 601: obtain the first critesistor 405 and resistance of the second critesistor 406 when two halves spherical shell 412,413 is opened
Value；
Step 602: when the resistance of the first critesistor 405 and the resistance of the second critesistor 406 are equal, closes two halves
Spherical shell 412,413；
Step 603: control circuit switch switches to measure the resistance of the first critesistor 405, it is thus achieved that background values；
Step 604: control circuit switch switches to measure the resistance of the second critesistor 406, enters calorimeter simultaneously
Horizontal pulse irradiation；
Step 605: control circuit switch switches to the resistance of the first critesistor 405 after measuring irradiation, it is thus achieved that survey
Value；
Step 606: calculate variations in temperature and the absorbed dose of astrosphere 401 according to background values and measured value.
As the optional embodiment of one, obtain the first critesistor 405 and second when two halves spherical shell 412,413 is opened
The resistance of critesistor 406, specifically includes:
Utilize detecting device for thermistor to measure the first critesistor 405 and resistance of the second critesistor 406 simultaneously.
As the optional embodiment of one, control circuit switch switches to measure the resistance of the first critesistor 405,
Obtain background values, specifically include:
Input controls signal to first control circuit 505, opens first input end 502；
Control detecting device for thermistor and measure the resistance of the first critesistor 405.
As the optional embodiment of one, control circuit switch switches to measure the resistance of the second critesistor 406,
Specifically include:
Input controls signal to second control circuit 506, opens the second input 503；
Control detecting device for thermistor and measure the resistance of the second critesistor 406.
The pulsed neutron of present invention offer, the measuring method of gamma-rays mixing field absorbed dose, be by utilizing the present invention
The calorimeter provided is popped one's head in as calorimeter, is positioned in mixing field and accepts irradiation, and detecting device for thermistor begins before measuring
Measure the resistance value of the second critesistor 406 eventually, before impulse radiation, by circuit switch by measuring circuit from the second temperature-sensitive
Resistance 406 is switched to the first critesistor 405, the most both ensure that detecting device for thermistor can be measured incessantly, Du
The problem of the drift of the own temperature that absolutely the first critesistor 405 persistent fever causes, and the resistance to the second critesistor 406
Value has had monitoring means, further increases the certainty of measurement of critesistor resistance, and then improves the measurement essence of absorbed dose
Degree.
In this specification, each embodiment uses the mode gone forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is and other
The difference of embodiment, between each embodiment, identical similar portion sees mutually.
Principle and the embodiment of the present invention are set forth by specific case used herein, saying of above example
Bright method and the core concept thereof being only intended to help to understand the present invention；Simultaneously for one of ordinary skill in the art, foundation
The thought of the present invention, the most all will change.In sum, this specification content is not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a calorimeter, it is characterised in that include astrosphere, the hollow ball being arranged concentrically with described astrosphere, described hollow
Ball is made up of the inner layer case set gradually from inside to outside, heat insulation layer and outer shell；The first critesistor it is provided with in described astrosphere；
Described inner layer case and described astrosphere interval are arranged；The second critesistor it is embedded with between described heat insulation layer and described outer shell；
Described hollow ball is divided into two hemispherical Shells being flexibly connected, and one of them described hemispherical Shell is provided with through hole, and described through hole connects to be had
Containing the penetration pipe of wire, the lead-in wire of described first critesistor is connected with described wire by described through hole.
Calorimeter the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with some between described inner layer case and described astrosphere
Spherical support point.
Calorimeter the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described astrosphere is provided with described first critesistor of installation
Installing hole, the gap of described installing hole and described first critesistor is filled with aluminium powder, and the aperture of described installing hole uses glue
Body is closed.
Calorimeter the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that one end of two described hemispherical Shell buckling surfaces is by rotating
Axle connects, and hemispherical Shell described in two can be turned on and off around described rotary shaft.
Calorimeter the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the material of described heat insulation layer is foamed polyethylene.
6. a pulsed neutron, the measurement system of gamma-rays mixing field absorbed dose, it is characterised in that include such as claim 1
Described calorimeter, described calorimeter includes astrosphere, the hollow ball being arranged concentrically with described astrosphere, described hollow ball by by
The inner layer case, heat insulation layer and the outer shell that the most outwards set gradually are constituted；The first critesistor it is provided with in described astrosphere；In described
Layer shell and described astrosphere interval are arranged；The second critesistor it is embedded with between described heat insulation layer and described outer shell；Described sky
Bulbus cordis is divided into two hemispherical Shells being flexibly connected, and one of them described hemispherical Shell is provided with through hole, and described through hole connects to be had containing leading
The penetration pipe of line, the lead-in wire of described first critesistor is connected with described wire by described through hole；
Also include that circuit switch, described circuit switch include that a single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), first control circuit and second control
Circuit, described single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) includes first input end and the second input and outfan, and described first input end is with described
The test side of the first critesistor is connected, and described second input is connected with the test side of described second critesistor, institute
State outfan connect have detecting device for thermistor, described detecting device for thermistor be used for measuring described first critesistor and
The resistance value of described second critesistor；Described first control circuit is connected with described first input end, and described second controls
Circuit is connected with described second input, and described first control circuit is connected computer respectively with described second control circuit；
Described computer is for controlling described first control circuit and the break-make of described second control circuit, and controls described critesistor
Detection device detects described first critesistor and the resistance value of described second critesistor, and is obtained by the calculating of described resistance value
Obtain variations in temperature and the absorbed dose of described astrosphere.
7. a pulsed neutron, the measuring method of gamma-rays mixing field absorbed dose, it is characterised in that utilize such as claim 6
Described measurement system carries out pulsed neutron, the measurement of gamma-rays mixing field absorbed dose；
Described measuring method includes:
Obtain the first critesistor and the resistance of described second critesistor described in when hemispherical Shell described in two is opened；
When the resistance of described first critesistor and the resistance of described second critesistor are equal, close hemispherical Shell described in two；
Control described circuit switch and switch to measure the resistance of described first critesistor, it is thus achieved that background values；
Control described circuit switch and switch to measure the resistance of described second critesistor, described calorimeter is carried out arteries and veins simultaneously
Rush irradiation；
Control described circuit switch and switch to the resistance of described first critesistor after measuring irradiation, it is thus achieved that measured value；
Variations in temperature and the absorbed dose of described astrosphere are calculated according to described background values and measured value.
Measuring method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described in when hemispherical Shell described in described acquisition two is opened
One critesistor and the resistance of described second critesistor, specifically include:
Utilize described detecting device for thermistor to measure described first critesistor and the resistance of described second critesistor simultaneously.
Measuring method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described control described circuit switch switches to measure
The resistance of described first critesistor, it is thus achieved that background values, specifically includes:
Input controls signal to described first control circuit, opens described first input end；
Control described detecting device for thermistor and measure the resistance of described first critesistor.
Measuring method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described control described circuit switch switches to survey
Measure the resistance of described second critesistor, specifically include:
Input controls signal to described second control circuit, opens described second input；
Control described detecting device for thermistor and measure the resistance of described second critesistor.
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| CN114236598A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-25 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Intelligent probe system for neutron measurement and power consumption control method |
| CN114236598B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2024-06-11 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Neutron measurement intelligent probe system and power consumption control method |
| GB2619092A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-11-29 | Npl Management Ltd | Calorimeter for measuring dose of radiation |
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| CN106125123B (en) | 2018-11-30 |
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