CN106124627B - 一种声散射系数现场测试用传声器线阵 - Google Patents

一种声散射系数现场测试用传声器线阵 Download PDF

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CN106124627B
CN106124627B CN201610615741.XA CN201610615741A CN106124627B CN 106124627 B CN106124627 B CN 106124627B CN 201610615741 A CN201610615741 A CN 201610615741A CN 106124627 B CN106124627 B CN 106124627B
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microphone
scattering coefficient
linear array
sound scattering
sound
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CN106124627A (zh
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钱中昌
邓峥
安兆亮
周子炜
陈继红
陈文王
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Shanghai Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04Analysing solids
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/023Solids
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/10Number of transducers
    • G01N2291/106Number of transducers one or more transducer arrays

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Abstract

本发明涉及传声器线阵,特别涉及一种声散射系数现场测试用传声器线阵。主要解决现有声散射系数测量对测试件材料形状要求高,加工切割费时费力,且测试周期长等技术问题。本发明的技术方案:一种声散射系数现场测试用传声器线阵,包括U型固定支架,U型固定支架的一端安装可转动三角支架,U型固定支架的另一端安装角度调节圆盘,三角支架和角度调节圆盘上均装有连接支架,连接支架上固定传声器安装板,传声器安装板开孔,传声器通过橡胶套筒安装固定在传声器安装板上。本发明可用于建筑声学领域中的声扩散体的无规入射声散射系数的现场检测,也可用于无规入射声散射系数的现场测试。

Description

一种声散射系数现场测试用传声器线阵
技术领域
本发明涉及传声器线阵,特别涉及一种声散射系数现场测试用传声器线阵。可用于建筑声学领域中的声扩散体的无规入射声散射系数的现场检测,也可用于无规入射声散射系数的现场测试。
背景技术
声散射系数测量是近年来新兴的声学检测项目,主要用来评价室内界面声散射特性。现有标准测试方法为混响室测量,图1为等尺寸模型声散射系数测试示意图,具体做法是将试件加工切割成方形或圆形(面积10平方米左右),并把测试件1安放在旋转圆台2上。推动圆台旋转一角度,一般为5至10度,直至转完一圈,测试并记录下相应的声场脉冲响应,于是可得到一组声场脉冲响应曲线,对该组声场脉冲响应进行同步叠加后并处理,便可得到试件的声散射系数。现有无规入射声散射系数测量为实验室测量,存在以下几方面缺点:(1)对材料形状要求高,加工切割费时费力;(2)需要专业实验室,测试周期长,成本高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种声散射系数现场测试用传声器线阵,主要解决现有声散射系数测量对测试件材料形状要求高,加工切割费时费力,且测试周期长等技术问题。
本发明的技术方案:一种声散射系数现场测试用传声器线阵,包括U型固定支架,U型固定支架的一端安装可转动三角支架,U型固定支架的另一端安装角度调节圆盘,三角支架和角度调节圆盘上均装有连接支架,连接支架上固定传声器安装板,传声器安装板开孔,传声器通过橡胶套筒安装固定在传声器安装板上。整个传声器线阵由13支传声器直线不等距排列构成,传声器之间间距依次为10 cm、5 cm、5 cm、5 cm、2.5 cm、2.5 cm、2.5 cm、2.5cm、5 cm、5 cm、5 cm、10 cm。所述的角度调节圆盘上刻有刻度,每个刻度间隔10度。橡胶套筒与传声器过盈配合。
本发明的有益效果:本发明装置基于现场测量,利用传声器线阵的指向性特性,形成了对声场的空间滤波,降低了对信噪比的要求,直接得到镜面反射声波的能量,由此得到声散射系数。该结构用于声散射系数测量,可以进行现场测量。具有测量简便,对声学环境要求低等优点。此外,本装置对材料形状无特殊要求,降低了测量成本。
附图说明
图1为等尺寸模型声散射系数测试示意图。
图2为本发明结构示意图。
图3为本发明传声器安装结构示意图。
图4为本发明传声器安装板结构示意图。
图5为传声器线阵指向性示意图。
图中:1-测试件,2-旋转圆台,3-U型固定支架,4-三角支架,5-角度调节圆盘,6-连接支架,7-传声器安装板,8-传声器,9-橡胶套筒。
具体实施方式
参照图2、图3、图4,一种声散射系数现场测试用传声器线阵,包括U型固定支架3,U型固定支架的一端安装可转动三角支架4,U型固定支架的另一端安装角度调节圆盘5,三角支架和角度调节圆盘上均装有连接支架6,连接支架上固定传声器安装板7,传声器安装板开孔,传声器8通过橡胶套筒9安装固定在传声器安装板上,橡胶套筒9与传声器8过盈配合。整个传声器线阵由13支传声器直线不等距排列构成,传声器之间间距依次为10 cm、5 cm、5cm、5 cm、2.5 cm、2.5 cm、2.5 cm、2.5 cm、5 cm、5 cm、5 cm、10 cm。所述的角度调节圆盘5上刻有刻度,每个刻度间隔10度。
测量时,5支传声器组成的线阵指向性图(传声器间距为2.5cm),结合上述指向性特点,测量时调整天线的接收角度,线阵平行于镜面反射声波方向,对接收到的时域脉冲信号积分,便可得到镜面反射波的能量,由此可直接得到散射声波的能量,如图5。对若干离散后的角度进行上述测量,便可得到材料的声散射系数。

Claims (3)

1.一种声散射系数现场测试用传声器线阵,其特征是:包括U型固定支架,U型固定支架的一端安装可转动三角支架,U型固定支架的另一端安装角度调节圆盘,三角支架和角度调节圆盘上均装有连接支架,连接支架上固定传声器安装板,传声器安装板开孔,传声器通过橡胶套筒安装固定在传声器安装板上;传声器线阵由13支传声器直线不等距排列构成,传声器之间间距依次为10 cm、5 cm、5 cm、5 cm、2.5 cm、2.5 cm、2.5 cm、2.5 cm、5 cm、5 cm、5 cm、10 cm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种声散射系数现场测试用传声器线阵,其特征是:所述的角度调节圆盘上刻有刻度,每个刻度间隔10度。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种声散射系数现场测试用传声器线阵,其特征是:所述的橡胶套筒与传声器过盈配合。
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CN106768285A (zh) * 2016-12-21 2017-05-31 北京强度环境研究所 一种声场空间相关性测试装置
CN110441390B (zh) * 2019-07-18 2021-12-07 上海大学 一种基于十字阵和空间-波数滤波器的损伤定位方法
CN113914387B (zh) * 2021-11-10 2023-04-18 湘潭大学 用于海上风电导管架基础水下灌浆连接段缺陷的检测方法

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