CN106124625A - Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detection method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detection method of present invention offer and system, method includes that the ultrasound wave that transmitting terminal transducer sends incides the one side of measured piece to point to angle α, and the surface sequentially passing through measured piece surface and transmitting terminal transducer reflects, back into being incident upon measured piece, described measured piece is platy structure；Receiving terminal transducer is arranged at measured piece another side to point to angle θ；Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detection method in the present invention and system, can be under conditions of without more power supply energies, the signal of excitation and the signal of pickup is made all to have bigger energy, effectively inhibit the impact of environment noise, improve the accuracy of detection, simultaneously without the most accurately regulating the position of transducer, improve the fault-tolerant ability during detection, there is good adaptability.

Description

Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detection method and system

Technical field

The present invention relates to industrial automation detection field, particularly relate to a kind of Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detection method and System.

Background technology

Air Coupling ultrasound examination is the new non-destructive testing technology using air as couplant, compared to lossless inspection Ultrasonic detecting technology (such as water seaoning and contact method) conventional in survey field, the advantage of Air Coupling formula ultrasound examination maximum exists In noncontact with exempt from couplant, this technology except using air in addition to couplant, the aspect such as propagation characteristic at acoustics does not has There is essential distinction.It addition, for inapplicable couplant defects detection aspect (as movement parts, pottery, microchip, porous sandwich, Composite, couplant allergy etc.), Air Coupling ultrasound examination has good application.The most do not contact tested due to it The feature of part, and advancing by leaps and bounds in terms of transducer efficiency in recent years, Air Coupling ultrasound examination is industry, medical treatment and food The fields such as product, it is provided that advanced technology support, such as efficient on-line checking, process management and product quality supervision etc..

In Non-Destructive Testing, platy structure is modal measured piece.And utilize changing of Lamb wave and " receive a hairdo " Can device layout be to realize the effective detection means for this structure, but in the prior art, present air coupling ultrasonic ripple is examined Survey and be still limited by the energy loss caused due to resistance difference that gas-solid interactive interface is huge, therefore in platy structure Motivate high energy Lamb wave, how and obtain high energy signal at receiving terminal most important.Energy is big, and the signal that identification is high is Accurately detect the prerequisite of measured piece.

At present, major part related work is to improve input power energy, or develops the higher device of conversion efficiency etc..This Outward, there is considerable influence at the sensing angle of transducer for excitation and the reception of signal, especially for transmitting terminal transducer, points to angle certainly Determine the angle of incidence of ultrasound wave, and different incidence angles is by the measured piece of platy structure, motivates the Lamb wave of different-energy. I.e. there is ideal angle of incidence, high energy Lamb wave can be motivated.And different materials and the measured piece of size, preferable Angle of incidence is the most different.Simultaneously for receiving terminal transducer, need regulation properly to point to angle, come the most just to from measured piece The ultrasound wave of middle release, thus obtain and significantly detect signal.In actual mechanical process, need the most carefully to determine Point to angle, thus can bring a series of numerous and diverse preparation, without the preparation of these complexity, can not get more Preferably signal.Therefore, need a kind of new detection technique badly, to overcome above-mentioned technical difficulty.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detection method, to solve the problems referred to above.

The Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detection method that the present invention provides, including

A. the ultrasound wave that transmitting terminal transducer sends incides measured piece to point to angle α, and sequentially passes through measured piece surface Reflecting with the surface of transmitting terminal transducer, with different incidence angles back into being incident upon measured piece, described measured piece is tabular knot Structure；

B. receiving terminal transducer is arranged at measured piece to point to angle θ, and ultrasonic signal is successively at the table of receiving terminal transducer The surface of face and measured piece is reflected, and is received by transducer with new angle.

Further, ultrasound wave is after the reflection on measured piece surface and the surface of transmitting terminal transducer, with different incidence angles The degree signal motivating varying strength in measured piece, obtains the lamb ripple signal that excitation density is the highest, and order of reflection is one Secondary or repeatedly；

Ultrasound wave is after the reflection on the surface of receiving terminal transducer and the surface of measured piece, and receiving terminal transducer receives not With the signal of incident angle and the signal after reflection, obtaining the lamb ripple signal that excitation density is the highest, order of reflection is One or many.

Further, the centre of surface of transmitting terminal transducer with the maximum normal distance of measured piece is:

R_{tr_max}=(0.5tan α+cot 2 α) D,

Wherein, D is the surface diameter of transmitting terminal transducer；

The ultrasound wave that transmitting terminal transducer sends incides measured piece to point to angle α, and successively on the surface of measured piece and The surface of transmitting terminal transducer is reflected, and is then again incident on measured piece, through the primary event of transmitting terminal transducer After, new angle of incidence is α '=3 α.

Further, after being additionally included in the primary event of described transmitting terminal transducer, transmitting terminal transducer and measured piece it Between carry out secondary reflection.

Further, the centre of surface of receiving terminal transducer and the normal distance maximum of measured piece are:

$R_{re\_\max }=(\frac{\tan \mathrm{\θ}+\cot (\mathrm{\β}-\mathrm{\θ})}{1+\tan (\mathrm{\β}-3\mathrm{\θ})\cot (\mathrm{\β}-\mathrm{\θ})}-0.5\tan \mathrm{\θ})D^t$

Wherein, D ' is the surface diameter of receiving terminal transducer, and β is ultrasonic signal from measured piece to the angle propagated air Degree.

The present invention also provides for a kind of Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detecting system, changes including transmitting terminal transducer and receiving terminal Energy device, the ultrasound wave that transmitting terminal transducer sends incides measured piece to point to angle α, and sequentially passes through measured piece surface and transmitting The surface of end transducer is reflected, and back into being incident upon measured piece, described measured piece is platy structure；Receiving terminal transducer is to refer to Being arranged at measured piece to angle θ, ultrasonic signal reflects on the surface of receiving terminal transducer and the surface of measured piece successively, with New angle is received by transducer.

Further, ultrasound wave is after the reflection on measured piece surface and the surface of transmitting terminal transducer, with different incidence angles The degree signal motivating varying strength in measured piece, obtains the lamb ripple signal that excitation density is the highest, and order of reflection is one Secondary or repeatedly；

Ultrasound wave is after the reflection on the surface of receiving terminal transducer and the surface of measured piece, and receiving terminal transducer receives not With the signal of incident angle and the signal after reflection, obtaining the lamb ripple signal that excitation density is the highest, order of reflection is One or many.

Further, the centre of surface of transmitting terminal transducer with the maximum normal distance of measured piece is:

R_{tr_max}=(0.5tan α+cot 2 α) D,

Wherein, D is the surface diameter of transmitting terminal transducer；

The ultrasound wave that transmitting terminal transducer sends incides measured piece to point to angle α, and successively on the surface of measured piece and The surface of transmitting terminal transducer is reflected, and is then again incident on measured piece, after the primary event of transmitting terminal transducer, New angle of incidence is α '=3 α.

Further, after the primary event of described transmitting terminal transducer, carry out between transmitting terminal transducer and measured piece Secondary reflection.

Further, the centre of surface of receiving terminal transducer and the normal distance maximum of measured piece are:

$R_{re\_\max }=(\frac{\tan \mathrm{\θ}+\cot (\mathrm{\β}-\mathrm{\θ})}{1+\tan (\mathrm{\β}-3\mathrm{\θ})\cot (\mathrm{\β}-\mathrm{\θ})}-0.5\tan \mathrm{\θ})D^t$

Wherein, D ' is the surface diameter of receiving terminal transducer, and β is ultrasonic signal from measured piece to the angle propagated air Degree

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detection method in the present invention and system, can be in nothing Under conditions of needing more power supply energies so that the signal of excitation and the signal of pickup all have bigger energy, effectively inhibit The impact of environment noise, improves the accuracy of detection, simultaneously without the most accurately regulating the position of transducer, improves detection During fault-tolerant ability, there is good adaptability.

Accompanying drawing explanation

The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the principle of reflection figure of transmitting terminal transducer.

Fig. 3 is the principle of reflection figure of receiving terminal transducer.

Fig. 4 is the excitation Lamb wave intensity distribution under different incidence angles degree.

Fig. 5 is the signal graph acquired in the reflection of transmitting terminal transducer.

Fig. 6 is that signal path figure launched by transmitting terminal transducer.

Fig. 7 is the signal graph acquired in the reflection of receiving terminal transducer.

Fig. 8 is receiving terminal transducer reflected path figure.

Detailed description of the invention

The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the present invention.

As it is shown in figure 1, the Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detection method in the present embodiment, including

A. the ultrasound wave that transmitting terminal transducer sends incides measured piece to point to angle α, and sequentially passes through measured piece surface Reflecting with the surface of transmitting terminal transducer, with different incidence angles back into being incident upon measured piece, described measured piece is tabular knot Structure；

B. receiving terminal transducer is arranged at measured piece to point to angle θ, and ultrasonic signal is successively at the table of receiving terminal transducer The surface of face and measured piece is reflected, and is received by transducer with new angle.

Ultrasound wave is after the reflection on measured piece surface and the surface of transmitting terminal transducer, with different incidence angles degree tested The signal motivating varying strength in part, obtains the lamb ripple signal that excitation density is the highest, and order of reflection is one or many；

Ultrasound wave is after the reflection on the surface of receiving terminal transducer and the surface of measured piece, and receiving terminal transducer receives not With the signal of incident angle and the signal after reflection, obtaining the lamb ripple signal that excitation density is the highest, order of reflection is One or many.

In the present embodiment, for transmitting terminal transducer 1, to point to angle α placement, the scope of α can be from 0 degree to 90 degree of tune Joint.Wherein, the normal distance of the measured piece 3 of the centre of surface of transmitting terminal transducer 1 and platy structure is less than

R_{tr_max}=(0.5tan α+cot2 α) D,

Wherein, D is the surface diameter of transmitting terminal transducer 1.

As it is shown in figure 1, penetrate the ultrasound wave holding transducer 1 to send to incide measured piece with sensing angle α for the first time, point to angle for sending out Penetrate ultrasound wave and the angle of tabular measured piece surface vertical direction that end is launched, and successively at surface and the transmitting terminal of measured piece 3 The surface reflection of transducer 1, is finally again incident on measured piece 3.Under normal circumstances, have when the acoustic impedance of measured piece 3 and air When having larger difference, the energy more than 90% can be reflected.After reflection, new incident angle α '=3 α, if initial incidence Angle α is smaller, such as about 15 degree, then, after the primary event of transmitting terminal transducer 1, can reach 45 degree.Due to tested The energy of the excitation Lamb wave in part is decided by the size of angle of incidence, and different materials and the measured piece of size, optimum incident Angle is the most different.Such as excitation Lamb wave intensity distributions under the different incidence angles degree shown in Fig. 4, it can be seen that incident angle is 10 When spending between 40 degree, the excitation Lamb wave energy excited is relatively low, i.e. in low-lying excitation district 4；And when about 45 degree to 55 degree (50 degree of ideal incident angle), high energy lasing region 5, high energy Lamb wave can be excited.As shown in Figure 4, Fig. 4 is the poly-carbon of 1mm thickness Acid esters material is distributed for the excitation intensity of 100kHz ultrasound wave, if other materials, can pass through emulation or empirical experimentation, Obtaining the excitation Lamb wave intensity distributions under different incidence angles degree, owing to the propagation attenuation of Lamb wave is the least, propagation distance is even Several kilometers can be reached, the most the position between transducer is not defined, those skilled in the art Could be aware that and select suitable position to measure according to during actual measurement, not repeating them here.

In the present embodiment, when original angle of incidence be α at about 15 degree time, if away from ideal incident angle, i.e. in mental retardation Lasing region 4, then be not easy to inspire ideal high energy Lamb wave, but when, after two secondary reflections, new angle of incidence becomes 3 α =45 degree, the scope of angle of incidence is expanded, and arrives high energy lasing region 5, easily covers preferable angle of incidence, will be in tabular The measured piece of structure motivates the Lamb wave of more high energy, thus improves in Air Coupling ultrasound examination, useful signal Identification degree.If it addition, initial angle of incidence is less, it is considered to more reflect (as through emitter transducer secondary reflection Afterwards), i.e. after above-mentioned primary event, between transmitting terminal transducer 1 and measured piece 3, carry out secondary reflection, i.e. transmitting terminal change To point to angle 3 α, signal can be incided measured piece 3 by device 1, and anti-on the surface on the surface and transmitting terminal transducer 1 of surveying part 3 successively Penetrating, be finally again incident on measured piece 3, angle of incidence will be changed again to α, and "=5 α, the scope of angle of incidence is expanded, more again Easily covering preferable angle of incidence, the ultrasound wave that the transmitting terminal transducer in the present embodiment sends is a branch of parallel wave, therefore, When angle of incidence is less, the signal of multiple different incidence angles can be produced by multiple reflections, therefore, it can ignore measured piece The relation of material and angle of incidence, by the amplitude of the signal that each different incidence angles of the spectrogram of receiving terminal produces, intuitively Show that those signals are in high energy excitation area, greatly reduce preparation, improve the efficiency of detection.

As it is shown in figure 5, represent that three kinds are encouraged the signal obtained, wherein directly pumping signal AT0 6 derives from 15 degree Incidence, belongs to low-lying excitation district 4；And pumping signal AT1 7 derives from emitted end transducing after the reflection once of transmitting terminal transducer Device 1 reflect once after excitation, belong to high energy lasing region 5, hence it is evident that higher than direct pumping signal AT0 6；Last transmitting terminal transducing After device reflection secondary, pumping signal AT2 8 belongs to the excitation after emitted end transducer 1 reflects secondary, swashs owing to having exceeded high energy Send out district 5, accordingly, it is capable to the highest.The path of above signal is as shown in Figure 6.

In the present embodiment, for receiving terminal transducer 2, to point to angle θ placement, the scope of θ angle can be from 0 degree to 90 Degree regulation, such as, can be fixed as 15 degree.The centre of surface of receiving terminal transducer 2 and the normal distance of measured piece 3 are less than:

$R_{re\_\max }=(\frac{\tan \mathrm{\θ}+\cot (\mathrm{\β}-\mathrm{\θ})}{1+\tan (\mathrm{\β}-3\mathrm{\θ})\cot (\mathrm{\β}-\mathrm{\θ})}-0.5\tan \mathrm{\θ})D^t$

Wherein, D ' is the surface diameter of receiving terminal transducer, and β is that ultrasonic signal is propagated to air from measured piece 3 Angle, such as, if in the makrolon material for 1mm thickness, the Lamb wave of 100kHz, its angle propagated is β=50 degree.

It is β-θ that ultrasonic signal arrives the initial angle of receiving terminal transducer 2, and this example is 50 degree-15 and spends=35 degree. Ultrasound wave reflects successively on the surface of receiving terminal transducer 2 and measured piece 3 subsequently, by with new angle receiving end transducing Device 2 receives, and the Angulation changes arriving receiving terminal transducer has become β-3 θ=5 degree, less than initial angle beta-θ=35 degree, the most more Add just to receiving terminal transducer 2.Therefore, more energy projects will be had to enter receiving terminal transducer 2, thus more high energy detected Signal.As it is shown in fig. 7, Fig. 7 illustrates three kinds receives signal, wherein directly receive signal AR0 9 and derive from reception for the first time, super Sonic propagation direction is 35 degree with the angle of receiving terminal transducer 2；And receiving terminal transducer 2 reflects and is once followed by the collection of letters number AR110 derives from and is received the excitation after end transducer 2 reflects once, ultrasonic propagation direction and the angle of receiving terminal transducer 2 Degree is 5 degree, represent corrigendum to reception, hence it is evident that higher than directly receiving signal AR09；After last receiving terminal transducer reflection secondary Receiving signal AR2 11 and belong to the signal being received after holding transducer 2 to reflect secondary, due to deflection after reflection, energy is the highest.With The path of upper signal is as shown in Figure 8.

Correspondingly, the present embodiment additionally provides a kind of Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detecting system, and transmitting terminal transducer is sent out The ultrasound wave gone out incides measured piece to point to angle α, and the surface sequentially passing through measured piece surface and transmitting terminal transducer is carried out Reflection, with different incidence angles back into being incident upon measured piece, described measured piece is platy structure；Receiving terminal transducer is to point to angle θ Being arranged at measured piece, ultrasonic signal reflects on the surface of receiving terminal transducer and the surface of measured piece successively, with new Angle is received by transducer.Ultrasound wave is after the reflection on measured piece surface and the surface of transmitting terminal transducer, with different incident The angle signal motivating varying strength in measured piece, obtains the lamb ripple signal that excitation density is the highest, and order of reflection is One or many；Ultrasound wave is after the reflection on the surface of receiving terminal transducer and the surface of measured piece, and receiving terminal transducer connects Receive the signal of different incidence angles degree and the signal after reflection, obtain the lamb ripple signal that excitation density is the highest, reflection time Number is one or many.

The centre of surface of transmitting terminal transducer with the maximum normal distance of measured piece is:

R_{tr_max}=(0.5tan α+cot2 α) D,

Wherein, D is the surface diameter of transmitting terminal transducer；

The ultrasound wave that transmitting terminal transducer sends incides measured piece to point to angle α, and successively on the surface of measured piece and The surface of transmitting terminal transducer is reflected, and is then again incident on measured piece, after the primary event of transmitting terminal transducer, New angle of incidence is α '=3 α.

After the primary event of described transmitting terminal transducer, between transmitting terminal transducer and measured piece, carry out secondary counter Penetrate.

The centre of surface of receiving terminal transducer and the normal distance maximum of measured piece be:

$R_{re\_\max }=(\frac{\tan \mathrm{\θ}+\cot (\mathrm{\β}-\mathrm{\θ})}{1+\tan (\mathrm{\β}-3\mathrm{\θ})\cot (\mathrm{\β}-\mathrm{\θ})}-0.5\tan \mathrm{\θ})D^t$

Wherein, D ' is the surface diameter of receiving terminal transducer, and β is ultrasonic signal from measured piece to the angle propagated air Degree.

Finally illustrating, above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, although with reference to relatively The present invention has been described in detail by good embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the skill of the present invention Art scheme is modified or equivalent, and without deviating from objective and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be contained at this In the middle of the right of invention.

Claims (10)

1. an Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detection method, it is characterised in that: include

A. the ultrasound wave that transmitting terminal transducer sends incides measured piece to point to angle α, and sequentially passes through measured piece surface and send out The surface penetrating end transducer is reflected, and with different incidence angles back into being incident upon measured piece, described measured piece is platy structure；

B. receiving terminal transducer is arranged at measured piece to point to angle θ, ultrasonic signal successively on the surface of receiving terminal transducer and The surface of measured piece is reflected, and is received by transducer with new angle.

Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detection method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:

Ultrasound wave is after the reflection on measured piece surface and the surface of transmitting terminal transducer, with different incidence angles degree in measured piece The signal motivating varying strength, obtain the lamb ripple signal that excitation density is the highest, order of reflection is one or many；

Ultrasound wave is after the reflection on the surface of receiving terminal transducer and the surface of measured piece, and receiving terminal transducer receives difference and enters The signal of firing angle degree and the signal after reflection, obtain the lamb ripple signal that excitation density is the highest, and order of reflection is once Or repeatedly.

Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detection method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: transmitting terminal transducer Centre of surface with the maximum normal distance of measured piece is:

R_{tr_max}=(0.5tan α+cot2 α) D,

Wherein, D is the surface diameter of transmitting terminal transducer；

The ultrasound wave that transmitting terminal transducer sends incides measured piece to point to angle α, and successively in surface and the transmitting of measured piece The surface of end transducer is reflected, and is then again incident on measured piece, after the primary event of transmitting terminal transducer, new Angle of incidence is α '=3 α.

Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detection method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: it is additionally included in described sending out After penetrating the primary event of end transducer, between transmitting terminal transducer and measured piece, carry out secondary reflection.

Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detection method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: receiving terminal transducer The normal distance maximum of centre of surface and measured piece is:

$R_{re\_\max }=(\frac{\tan \mathrm{\θ}+\cot (\mathrm{\β}-\mathrm{\θ})}{1+\tan (\mathrm{\β}-3\mathrm{\θ})\cot (\mathrm{\β}-\mathrm{\θ})}-0.5\tan \mathrm{\θ})D^t$

Wherein, D ' is the surface diameter of receiving terminal transducer, and β is ultrasonic signal from measured piece to the angle propagated air.

6. an Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detecting system, it is characterised in that: include transmitting terminal transducer and receiving terminal transducing Device, the ultrasound wave that transmitting terminal transducer sends incides measured piece to point to angle α, and sequentially passes through measured piece surface and transmitting terminal The surface of transducer is reflected, and back into being incident upon measured piece, described measured piece is platy structure；Receiving terminal transducer is to point to Angle θ is arranged at measured piece, and ultrasonic signal reflects on the surface of receiving terminal transducer and the surface of measured piece successively, with newly Angle received by transducer.

Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detecting system the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:

Ultrasound wave is after the reflection on measured piece surface and the surface of transmitting terminal transducer, with different incidence angles degree in measured piece The signal motivating varying strength, obtain the lamb ripple signal that excitation density is the highest, order of reflection is one or many；

Ultrasound wave is after the reflection on the surface of receiving terminal transducer and the surface of measured piece, and receiving terminal transducer receives difference and enters The signal of firing angle degree and the signal after reflection, obtain the lamb ripple signal that excitation density is the highest, and order of reflection is once Or repeatedly.

Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detecting system the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: transmitting terminal transducer Centre of surface with the maximum normal distance of measured piece is:

R_{tr_max}=(0.5tan α+cot2 α) D,

Wherein, D is the surface diameter of transmitting terminal transducer；

The ultrasound wave that transmitting terminal transducer sends incides measured piece to point to angle α, and successively in surface and the transmitting of measured piece The surface of end transducer is reflected, and is then again incident on measured piece, after the primary event of transmitting terminal transducer, new Angle of incidence is α '=3 α.

Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detecting system the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: change at described transmitting terminal After the primary event of energy device, between transmitting terminal transducer and measured piece, carry out secondary reflection.

Air Coupling ultrasound wave high energy detecting system the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: receiving terminal transducer Centre of surface and the normal distance maximum of measured piece be:

$R_{re\_\max }=(\frac{\tan \mathrm{\θ}+\cot (\mathrm{\β}-\mathrm{\θ})}{1+\tan (\mathrm{\β}-3\mathrm{\θ})\cot (\mathrm{\β}-\mathrm{\θ})}-0.5\tan \mathrm{\θ})D^t$

Wherein, D ' is the surface diameter of receiving terminal transducer, and β is ultrasonic signal from measured piece to the angle propagated air.