CN106121760B - Generate the inlet valve and internal combustion engine with helical duct of intake swirl - Google Patents
Generate the inlet valve and internal combustion engine with helical duct of intake swirl Download PDFInfo
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- CN106121760B CN106121760B CN201610585753.2A CN201610585753A CN106121760B CN 106121760 B CN106121760 B CN 106121760B CN 201610585753 A CN201610585753 A CN 201610585753A CN 106121760 B CN106121760 B CN 106121760B
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- deflector
- inlet valve
- valve
- helical duct
- intake swirl
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/06—Valve members or valve-seats with means for guiding or deflecting the medium controlled thereby, e.g. producing a rotary motion of the drawn-in cylinder charge
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of inlet valves and internal combustion engine with helical duct for generating intake swirl, belong to valve actuating mechanism and the gas handling system field of internal combustion engine, the inlet valve includes valve stem and valve retainer, the back side of the valve retainer is provided with multiple arcs and the identical deflector for making charge air flow form vortex of bending direction, fairing cap is provided with above the deflector, the fairing cap is integrally in truncated cone type or the fairing cap includes truncated cone type main body and the arc air guide hole in the truncated cone type main body.The inlet valve with helical duct of generation intake swirl of the invention forms helical duct by deflector between fairing cap and valve retainer, and stronger intake swirl can be generated in the small lift of inlet valve and has smaller intake resistance in inlet valve high-lift.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the valve actuating mechanisms of internal combustion engine and gas handling system field, particularly relate to a kind of band for generating intake swirl
The inlet valve and internal combustion engine of helical duct.
Background technique
Internal combustion engine improves its economy, dynamic property and emission performance by tissue intake swirl.What intake swirl generated
Usually there are three types of modes for mode: tangential air flue, helical intake and the inlet valve with air guide screen.Tangential air flue simple shape, but into
Atmidometer is big and vortex is smaller.Helical intake intake vortex strength is higher, but air intake duct is complex-shaped.Tangential air flue and spiral
Air flue is to generate intake swirl by air flue shape.When inlet valve lift is smaller, since the gas flow rate in air flue is lower, cut
The vortex generated to air flue and helical intake is smaller or even cannot generate intake swirl.Inlet valve with air guide screen passes through guidance
Charge air flow flows into cylinder with different angle, generates vortex under the constraint guidance of cylinder wall surface.But the inlet valve with air guide screen
Have the following disadvantages: that (1) intake resistance is very big；(2) in order to guarantee vortex intensity, need to be arranged valve rotation-preventing mechanism；(3) it adds
Air guide screen keeps valve retainer rigidity uneven, and deformation is big, and valve is made to be easy eccentric wear, unfavorable to sealing.Therefore, with air guide screen into
Valve no longer uses substantially on internal combustion engine.In recent years, with changeable air valve technology especially lift range variable technology
It rapidly develops, there is an urgent need to which stronger intake swirl in the small lift of valve, can be organized, improves gasoline engine or diesel engine low
Combustibility under fast small load condition improves its economy, dynamic property and emission performance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one kind to generate stronger air inlet whirlpool in the small lift of inlet valve
Stream, and can the generation inlet valve with helical duct of intake swirl in inlet valve high-lift with smaller intake resistance and interior
Combustion engine.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention offer technical solution is as follows:
A kind of inlet valve with helical duct generating intake swirl, including valve stem and valve retainer, the valve retainer
The back side is provided with multiple arcs and the identical deflector for making charge air flow form vortex of bending direction, the top of the deflector
It is provided with fairing cap, the fairing cap is integrally in truncated cone type or the fairing cap includes truncated cone type main body and is located at institute
State the arc air guide hole in truncated cone type main body.
Further, the curved line of the deflector is drawn by spiral of Archimedes or involute.
Further, each deflector outer rim forms outside circle, and the outside diameter of a circle is less than valve retainer internal diameter, appoints
The center line of one deflector and the outer circular commercial base are cut by the outside circle tangent line and deflector center line of the intersection point
Angle between line is 10 °~80 °.
Further, by the angle between the outside of intersection point circle tangent line and deflector centerline tangent be 15 °~
60°。
Further, the quantity of the deflector is 3-24, and the deflector is uniformly arranged on the back of the valve retainer
Face.
Further, the arc length of two neighboring deflector is equal or the arc length of two neighboring deflector not
Equal, the deflector entirety uniform thickness or outside thickness gradually increase.
Further, the arc length of the deflector is not more than 3/4ths of the valve retainer radius, the water conservancy diversion
The height of plate is not more than the 1/2 of the maximum lift of the inlet valve, and the thickness of the deflector is not more than the height of the deflector
The 1/2 of degree, the round gap with inner hole of valve seat ring in the outside that each deflector outer rim is formed are not more than 1mm.
Further, the circular cone base angle of the fairing cap is not less than the circular cone base angle at the valve retainer back side, the water conservancy diversion
The bottom circular diameter of lid is less than or equal to the outside diameter of a circle that each deflector outer rim is formed, and the outside diameter circle of the fairing cap is
The 1/2~9/10 of the bottom circular diameter of the fairing cap.
Further, the bottom circle outside of the fairing cap has chamfering.
A kind of internal combustion engine, the inlet valve with helical duct including above-mentioned generation intake swirl.
The invention has the following advantages:
Compared with prior art, the valve of the inlet valve with helical duct of generation intake swirl of the invention and internal combustion engine
The back side of disk is provided with multiple arcs and the identical deflector of bending direction, fairing cap is provided with above deflector, in water conservancy diversion
Multiple helical ducts are formed by deflector between lid and valve retainer.When inlet valve is located at small lift, charge air flow is in water conservancy diversion
Under the common effect of contraction of plate, fairing cap and valve retainer, formed relative to valve retainer have tangential velocity and radial velocity into
Flow line.Under the action of tangential velocity, charge air flow enters forms stronger intake swirl, Neng Gougai in cylinder after cylinder
Kind the internal combustion engine especially fuel evaporation of non-air throttle gasoline engine, mixing and burning performance, improve its fuel economy and row
Put performance；When inlet valve is located at high-lift, most of charge air flow is without fairing cap and deflector and directly from fairing cap
The space of top resistance very little enters cylinder, improves intake resistance when the big load of internal combustion engine, meets internal combustion engine especially
The power performance of non-air throttle gasoline engine.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the inlet valve of the inlet valve with helical duct for generating intake swirl and internal combustion engine of the invention in small lift
Main view when position；
Fig. 2 is the inlet valve of the inlet valve with helical duct for generating intake swirl and internal combustion engine of the invention in high-lift
Main view when position；
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the inlet valve with helical duct of generation intake swirl of the invention and the inlet valve of internal combustion engine
Figure, wherein the quantity of deflector is 6, and the arc length of deflector is equal；
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of the inlet valve with helical duct of generation intake swirl of the invention and the inlet valve of internal combustion engine
Figure, wherein the quantity of deflector is 12, and the arc length of two adjacent deflectors is unequal；
Fig. 5 shows for the structure of the inlet valve with helical duct of generation intake swirl of the invention and the fairing cap of internal combustion engine
It is intended to, wherein fairing cap is integrally in truncated cone type；
Fig. 6 shows for the structure of the inlet valve with helical duct of generation intake swirl of the invention and the fairing cap of internal combustion engine
It is intended to, wherein fairing cap includes truncated cone type main body and the arc air guide hole in the truncated cone type main body.
Specific embodiment
To keep the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and tool
Body embodiment is described in detail.
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of inlet valve 1 with helical duct for generating intake swirl, such as Fig. 1 to Fig. 6 institute
Show, including valve stem 11 and valve retainer 12, the back side of valve retainer 12 is provided with multiple arcs and bending direction is identical makes air inlet
Air-flow forms the deflector 2 of vortex, and the top of deflector 2 is provided with fairing cap 3, and whole fairing cap 3 is in truncated cone type, or is led
Flowing lid 3 includes truncated cone type main body and the arc air guide hole in the truncated cone type main body.
The back side of the valve retainer 12 of the inlet valve 1 with helical duct of generation intake swirl of the invention is provided with multiple arcs
The shape and identical deflector 2 of bending direction, the top of deflector 2 are provided with fairing cap 3 is led between fairing cap 3 and valve retainer 12
It crosses deflector 2 and forms multiple helical ducts.When inlet valve 1 is located at small lift, charge air flow is gentle in deflector 2, fairing cap 3
Under the common effect of contraction of door disk 12, the air inlet streamline that there is tangential velocity τ and radial velocity n relative to valve retainer 12 is formed,
Under the action of tangential velocity τ, charge air flow forms vortex in cylinder, and the truncated cone type structure of fairing cap 3 make into
Speed is gradually increased when gas air-flow flows through in helical duct, and stronger vortex is formed in cylinder, and it is outstanding can to improve internal combustion engine
It is the fuel evaporation of non-air throttle gasoline engine, mixing and burning performance, improves fuel consumption and emission performance；Work as air inlet
When door 1 is located at high-lift, most of charge air flow is without fairing cap 3 and deflector 2 and directly very from resistance above fairing cap 3
Small space enters cylinder, improves intake resistance when the big load of internal combustion engine, meets internal combustion engine especially non-air throttle vapour
The power performance of oil machine.
As an improvement of the present invention, the curved line of deflector 2 is preferably drawn by spiral of Archimedes or involute.
So that charge air flow is had lesser flow resistance using the curved line that spiral of Archimedes or involute draw deflector 2 and is formed
Stronger intake swirl.
Preferably, each 2 outer rim of deflector forms outside circle, and outside diameter of a circle φ can be less than valve retainer 4
The center line of internal diameter, any deflector 2 is cut by the outside circle tangent line of the intersection point with 2 center line of deflector with outside circle intersection point
Angle between line is β, and the value of β can be 10 °~80 °.Outside circular diameter φ be less than valve retainer 4 internal diameter can guarantee into
Valve 1 does not rub in reciprocating movement with valve retainer 4, extends the service life of inlet valve 1 and valve retainer 4；β
Value within the scope of 10 °~80 ° when, between fairing cap 3 and valve retainer 12 by deflector 2 formed helical duct.Work as air inlet
When door 1 is located at small lift, charge air flow is formed opposite under the common effect of contraction of deflector 2, fairing cap 3 and valve retainer 12
There is the air inlet streamline of tangential velocity τ and radial velocity n in valve retainer 12, under the action of tangential velocity τ, charge air flow enters
Vortex is formed after cylinder in cylinder.
Further, the value of the angle β between two tangent lines is preferably 15 °~60 °.When the value of β is in 15 °~60 ° models
When enclosing interior, charge air flow enters that the vortex formed in cylinder after cylinder is stronger, and effect is more preferable.
Preferably, the quantity of deflector 2 can be 3-24, and deflector 2 can be uniformly arranged on the back side of valve retainer 12.
The quantity of deflector 2 is related with the intensity of valve retainer diameter and required vortex, and 12 diameter of valve retainer is bigger, deflector 2
Quantity then should be more；The quantity of deflector 2 is more, and the vortex that charge air flow generates is stronger；Deflector 2 is equal on valve retainer 12
It is even distribution so that inlet valve 1 have good centre symmetry, do not need setting auxiliary rotation preventing mechanism, inlet valve 1 it is rigid
Degree also very uniformly, is not easy eccentric wear.
Further, the arc length of two neighboring deflector 2 can equal or two neighboring deflector 2 arc
Length can also be unequal, deflector 2 can whole uniform thickness or outside thickness gradually increase.The arc length of deflector 2 with
The quantity of deflector 2 matches, when the quantity of deflector 2 is more and the value of β is larger, two adjacent deflectors 2
The distance at both ends is not much different, then the arc length of two adjacent deflectors 2 can be equal, as shown in Figure 3；Work as deflector
When the value of 2 negligible amounts and β are smaller, the distance between two adjacent 2 inner edges of deflector will be than two deflectors 2 outside
The distance between edge can then differ larger, at this moment to guarantee that charge air flow enters deflector when form stronger vortex intensity, phase
The arc length of two adjacent deflectors 2 can be unequal.In the present embodiment, when two neighboring deflector 2 arc length not
When equal, the arc length of deflector 2 is two kinds, as shown in Figure 4；When the whole uniform thickness of deflector 2, deflector 2 is convenient for
Processing, cost is relatively low；The thickness of deflector 2 gradually increases outward, here outward refer to the center from valve retainer 12 along valve
The radial direction of disk 12 extends outwardly, when the thickness of deflector 2 gradually increases from inside to outside, in two adjacent deflectors 2
Can then it be not much different at a distance from two 2 outer rims of deflector of the distance of edge and this, the vortex of formation is also with regard to relatively uniform, such case
Under, the arc length of two adjacent deflectors 2 can be equal, is alternately arranged without length.Here 2 inner edge of deflector refers to
It is end of the deflector 2 close to 12 center of valve retainer, 2 outer rim of deflector refers to end of the deflector 2 far from 12 center of valve retainer
Portion.
Further, the arc length of deflector 2 is preferably not greater than 3/4ths of 12 radius of valve retainer, deflector 2
Height no more than inlet valve 1 maximum lift 1/2, the thickness of deflector 2 no more than deflector 2 height 1/2, it is each
The round gap with 4 inner hole of valve retainer in the outside that 2 outer rim of deflector is formed is not more than 1mm.This structure size of deflector 2 makes
The total weight for obtaining inlet valve 1 merely adds 10% or so relative to the weight of conventional gas introduction door, and reciprocal inertia force increment is small, to internal combustion
The influence of the valve actuating mechanism of machine is small, or even negligible.
It is improved as another kind of the invention, the circular cone base angle of fairing cap 3 is preferably not less than the back side circle of valve retainer 12
Bore base angle θ, the bottom circular diameter of fairing cap 3Less than or equal to the outside diameter of a circle φ that each 2 outer rim of deflector is formed, lead
Flow the outside diameter circle of lid 3For the bottom circular diameter of the fairing cap1/2~9/10.The circular cone base angle of fairing cap 3 is not small
In the design of the circular cone base angle θ of valve retainer 12, so that charge air flow speed v is entering gas by valve retainer 4 and valve retainer 12
Constantly increase during cylinder, the vortex of formation is also just stronger；The outside diameter circle of fairing cap 3For the bottom circular diameter of fairing cap 31/2~9/10, both can guarantee in small lift that charge air flow can enter deflector 2 and valve retainer 12 by fairing cap 3
The helical duct of formation, but can guarantee in high-lift major part charge air flow without fairing cap 3 and deflector 2 and directly from
The space of 3 top resistance very little of fairing cap enters cylinder, reduces intake resistance.
Preferably, the bottom circle outside of fairing cap 3 has chamfering.This structure of fairing cap 3 energy in 1 high-lift of inlet valve
The resistance of enough charge air flows further decreases.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of internal combustion engine, including inlet valve 1.Structure with it is upper identical, details are not described herein again.
The back side of the valve retainer 12 of the inlet valve 1 of internal combustion engine of the invention is provided with multiple arcs and bending direction is identical
Deflector 2, the top of deflector 2 are provided with fairing cap 3, form spiral by deflector 2 between fairing cap 3 and valve retainer 12
Channel.When inlet valve 1 is located at small lift, common effect of contraction of the charge air flow in deflector 2, fairing cap 3 and valve retainer 12
Under, the air inlet streamline that there is tangential velocity τ and radial velocity n relative to valve retainer 12 is formed, under the action of tangential velocity τ,
Charge air flow enters forms stronger vortex in cylinder after cylinder, can improve internal combustion engine especially non-air throttle gasoline engine
Fuel evaporation, mixing and burning performance, improve fuel economy；When inlet valve 1 is located at high-lift, most of charge air flow
Directly enter cylinder from the space of resistance very little above fairing cap 3 without fairing cap 3 and deflector 2, improves internal combustion engine
Intake resistance when big load meets the power performance of internal combustion engine especially non-air throttle gasoline engine.
To sum up, the inlet valve with helical duct of generation intake swirl of the invention and internal combustion engine have below beneficial to effect
Fruit:
(1) inlet valve with helical duct of generation intake swirl of the invention has good centre symmetry, does not need
The rotation preventing mechanism of auxiliary is set, and the rigidity of inlet valve also very uniformly, is not easy eccentric wear；
(2) weight gain of the inlet valve with helical duct of generation intake swirl of the invention is small, reciprocal inertia force
Increment is small, and the influence to valve actuating mechanism is small, or even negligible；
(3) inlet valve with helical duct of generation intake swirl of the invention and the matching of internal combustion engine are good, are not required to multiple
Miscellaneous air intake duct can generate enough vortex intensity；
(4) internal combustion engine of the invention both can guarantee inlet valve in small lift, and it is strong that charge air flow can generate enough vortex
Degree, improves the combustibility of internal combustion engine, improves its fuel consumption and emission performance, and can guarantee the tool in inlet valve high-lift
There is lesser intake resistance, meets the dynamic property of internal combustion engine.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, without departing from the principles of the present invention, it can also make several improvements and retouch, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of inlet valve with helical duct for generating intake swirl, including valve stem and valve retainer, which is characterized in that described
The back side of valve retainer is provided with multiple arcs and the identical deflector for making charge air flow form vortex of bending direction, the water conservancy diversion
It is provided with fairing cap above plate, multiple helical ducts are formed by deflector between the fairing cap and valve retainer, it is described to lead
It is in truncated cone type that stream lid is whole or the fairing cap includes truncated cone type main body and the arc in the truncated cone type main body
Shape air guide hole.
2. the inlet valve with helical duct according to claim 1 for generating intake swirl, which is characterized in that the water conservancy diversion
The curved line of plate is drawn by spiral of Archimedes or involute.
3. the inlet valve with helical duct according to claim 1 for generating intake swirl, which is characterized in that each water conservancy diversion
Plate outer rim forms outside circle, and the outside diameter of a circle is less than valve retainer internal diameter, the center line of any deflector and described outer
Side circle commercial base is 10 °~80 ° by the angle between the outside circle tangent line and deflector centerline tangent of the intersection point.
4. the inlet valve with helical duct according to claim 3 for generating intake swirl, which is characterized in that by described
Angle between the outside circle tangent line and deflector centerline tangent of intersection point is 15 °~60 °.
5. the inlet valve with helical duct according to claim 1 for generating intake swirl, which is characterized in that the water conservancy diversion
The quantity of plate is 3-24, and the deflector is uniformly arranged on the back side of the valve retainer.
6. the inlet valve with helical duct according to claim 1 for generating intake swirl, which is characterized in that two neighboring
The arc length of deflector is equal or the arc length of two neighboring deflector is unequal, the deflector entirety uniform thickness or
The outside thickness of person gradually increases.
7. the inlet valve with helical duct according to claim 1 for generating intake swirl, which is characterized in that the water conservancy diversion
The arc length of plate is not more than 3/4ths of the valve retainer radius, and the height of the deflector is no more than the inlet valve
The 1/2 of maximum lift, the thickness of the deflector are not more than the 1/2 of the height of the deflector, and each deflector outer rim is formed
The round gap with inner hole of valve seat ring in outside be not more than 1mm.
8. the inlet valve with helical duct according to claim 1 for generating intake swirl, which is characterized in that the water conservancy diversion
The circular cone base angle of lid is not less than the circular cone base angle at the valve retainer back side, and the bottom circular diameter of the fairing cap is less than or equal to each
The outside diameter of a circle that deflector outer rim is formed, the outside diameter circle of the fairing cap are the 1/2 of the bottom circular diameter of the fairing cap
~9/10.
9. the inlet valve with helical duct according to claim 8 for generating intake swirl, which is characterized in that the water conservancy diversion
The bottom circle outside of lid has chamfering.
10. a kind of internal combustion engine, which is characterized in that the band spiral including the generation intake swirl any in claim 1 to 9
The inlet valve in channel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610585753.2A CN106121760B (en) | 2016-07-22 | 2016-07-22 | Generate the inlet valve and internal combustion engine with helical duct of intake swirl |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610585753.2A CN106121760B (en) | 2016-07-22 | 2016-07-22 | Generate the inlet valve and internal combustion engine with helical duct of intake swirl |
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| CN106121760A CN106121760A (en) | 2016-11-16 |
| CN106121760B true CN106121760B (en) | 2019-04-02 |
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| CN201610585753.2A Active CN106121760B (en) | 2016-07-22 | 2016-07-22 | Generate the inlet valve and internal combustion engine with helical duct of intake swirl |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107238088A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-10-10 | 南京工业大学 | A kind of safe environment protection type flare system based on fire whirl vortex formation mechanism |
| CN107462421B (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2023-04-11 | 河北工业大学 | Rotatable valve experimental device of engine |
| CN112112729B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-10-12 | 江苏大学 | Variable air inlet tumble flow device of direct injection engine in dual-fuel cylinder |
| CN112065601A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-11 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Piston and engine |
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| JPS5649212U (en) * | 1979-09-25 | 1981-05-01 | ||
| US5099808A (en) * | 1989-03-03 | 1992-03-31 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Direct injection diesel engine induction system having vortical flow inducing induction valve |
| FR2857052A1 (en) * | 2003-07-04 | 2005-01-07 | Bernard Renault | Inlet valve permeability improving device for heat engine, has gauge mark part of less thickness and in form of truncated cone diverging along direction from interior of inlet/exhaust tube towards combustion chamber |
| CN102003235A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-04-06 | 重庆隆鑫机车有限公司 | Air valve |
| WO2014125843A1 (en) * | 2013-02-15 | 2014-08-21 | トヨタ自動車 株式会社 | Poppet valve |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5474811U (en) * | 1977-11-05 | 1979-05-28 |
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2016
- 2016-07-22 CN CN201610585753.2A patent/CN106121760B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5649212U (en) * | 1979-09-25 | 1981-05-01 | ||
| US5099808A (en) * | 1989-03-03 | 1992-03-31 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Direct injection diesel engine induction system having vortical flow inducing induction valve |
| FR2857052A1 (en) * | 2003-07-04 | 2005-01-07 | Bernard Renault | Inlet valve permeability improving device for heat engine, has gauge mark part of less thickness and in form of truncated cone diverging along direction from interior of inlet/exhaust tube towards combustion chamber |
| CN102003235A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-04-06 | 重庆隆鑫机车有限公司 | Air valve |
| WO2014125843A1 (en) * | 2013-02-15 | 2014-08-21 | トヨタ自動車 株式会社 | Poppet valve |
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