CN106121564A - A kind of drilling well hydraulic top drives back-up tong - Google Patents

A kind of drilling well hydraulic top drives back-up tong Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106121564A
CN106121564A CN201610660360.3A CN201610660360A CN106121564A CN 106121564 A CN106121564 A CN 106121564A CN 201610660360 A CN201610660360 A CN 201610660360A CN 106121564 A CN106121564 A CN 106121564A
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tong
lever
block teeth
main body
drilling rod
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CN106121564B (en
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不公告发明人
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Huang Wei
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/16Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints
    • E21B19/161Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints using a wrench or a spinner adapted to engage a circular section of pipe
    • E21B19/163Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints using a wrench or a spinner adapted to engage a circular section of pipe piston-cylinder actuated

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of drilling well hydraulic top and drive back-up tong.Its technical scheme is: include back-up tong guide rail, roller, back-up tong main body, hydraulic power, spring, lever, axle etc., lever is assemblied in back-up tong main body by axle, arc shoe plate is installed after preformed hole in back-up tong main body in liquid presses piston pole lower end, arc shoe plate is made to be positioned at directly over lever left end, described when liquid presses piston pole is descending arc shoe plate contact with lever left end, and promoting lever left end to move downward, whole lever pivots, and lever lower end promotes drilling rod to move right.The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: failure rate is low, service life is long, and simple in construction is lightweight, low cost of manufacture, it is possible to folded drilling rod carries out certain set round effect, makes shackle on the drilling rod of certain deformation more smooth.

Description

A kind of drilling well hydraulic top drives back-up tong
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of field of petroleum machinery, drive back-up tong particularly to a kind of drilling well hydraulic top.
Background technology
Top drive drilling system is the representative of advanced drilling equipment, gathers around and holds out broad prospects.Top is driven has automatization's journey The advantage that degree is high, process accident ability is strong.The advantage of its maximum be can shackle operation on any height of derrick is carried out, real Existing thribble is crept into, and bit speed is high.Top is driven and is connect thribble and must carry out shackle operation on drilling rod, and this process needs to frequently use Mechanism is exactly back-up tong.Back-up tong bears the alternate stress of shackle, thus requires that back-up tong structural fatigue performance is good.Due to drilling time Cost intensive, back-up tong household function perfects and failure rate is low.
Existing back-up tong can be divided into annular back-up tong and the big class of side hanging back-ups two:
Annular back-up tong, being not required to righting mechanism just can automatic centering.Shortcoming is care and maintenance inconvenience, especially changes block teeth, guarantor Shield a shortcoming or fault joint or IBOP relatively difficult.Generally require dismounting annular back-up tong could above-mentioned part be replaced.During renewal part, Top is driven and cannot be worked, and expends the valuable activity duration.And annular back-up tong volume both bulk, structure is complicated, and production cost is high. The problem that there is the difficulty that resets in practice, fault rate is higher.
Side hanging back-ups, including opposite opened and laterally opened.This kind of back-up tong small volume, lighter in weight.But existing respectively In item patent family and material object, all using vertical hydraulic to realize vertical motion, horizontal hydraulic pressure realizes, and i.e. has two not Tongfangs To hydraulic test, there is the redundancy of 26S Proteasome Structure and Function.And due to centre offset, there is button to heart difficulty and drilling rod eccentric wear Problem.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is aiming at the drawbacks described above that prior art exists, it is provided that a kind of drilling well hydraulic top drives the back of the body Pincers.
A kind of drilling well hydraulic top drives back-up tong, and its technical scheme is: include that back-up tong guide rail, roller, back-up tong main body, hydraulic pressure are dynamic Power, spring, lever, axle and the one or six prism block teeth, the two or six prism block teeth, lever is assemblied in back-up tong main body, institute by axle The lever stated is made up of lever left end, lever body, restraining belt, block teeth, and lever left end lower surface is filled by spring supporting, lever lower end Having block teeth, connected by restraining belt between two block teeth, the one or six prism block teeth and the two or six prism block teeth are respectively assembled at back-up tong In two six prism holes that main body right-hand member is prefabricated, and drilling rod kernel of section, the one or six prism block teeth and the two or six prism block teeth Kernel of section is wired to 120 degree;
Hydraulic power includes hydraulic cylinder, liquid presses piston pole, arc shoe plate, and liquid presses piston pole lower end is through preformed hole in back-up tong main body After install arc shoe plate, make arc shoe plate be positioned at directly over lever left end, described liquid presses piston pole arc hoof when descending Sheet contacts with lever left end, and promotes lever left end to move downward, and whole lever pivots, and lever lower end promotes drilling rod to the right Motion, described arc shoe plate size, more than preformed hole aperture in back-up tong main body, can drive when above carrying and move on whole back-up tong, back-up tong Main body is assemblied on back-up tong guide rail, is moved up and down by roller.
Above-mentioned block teeth, the one or six prism block teeth and the two or six prism block teeth are made up of high-abrasive material.
The above-mentioned a length of 30 ~ 55cm of lever left end, a length of 30 ~ 45cm in lever lower end.
The reserved six prismatic breach coordinated with the one or six prism block teeth or the two or six prism block teeth of above-mentioned back-up tong main body, and Two six prismatic breach have two groups of four edges parallel to each other.
The drilling well hydraulic top that the present invention mentions drives back-up tong, when drilling rod snaps through journey, comprises the following steps:
The first step, the preparatory stage:
According to different tube diameters before beginning drilling well, from back-up tong main body, mention the one or six prism block teeth and the two or six prism block teeth, Rotation makes work surface face toward drilling rod, only need to adjust once after conversion drilling rod caliber every time;
Second step, descending phase, drilling rod clamps in advance:
The oil-filled supercharging of hydraulic cylinder forward, liquid presses piston pole, arc shoe plate and the whole downward rigid translational motion of back-up tong main body, the back of the body Pincers entirety is displaced downwardly to back-up tong guide rail least significant end, makes drilling rod enter and steps up region, and during this, spring is not affected by compression, only serves dimension Hold the position effect of lever;
3rd step, clamping drilling rod:
Liquid presses piston pole continues downwards, and arc shoe plate promotes lever left end to move downward, and spring is compressed, simultaneously lever start around Axle rotates, and the restraining belt of lever lower end contacts drilling rod and pushes away to the right, until the restraining belt of lever lower end, block teeth and six prism teeth Block is matched for clamping tightly drilling rod;Restraining belt, block teeth motor process as follows, when restraining belt complete envelope drilling rod, restraining belt is by both sides Block teeth pull to centre, and block teeth touch drilling rod, promote drilling rod and the laminating of six prism block teeth, and drilling rod out-of-roundness is corrected, restraining belt A length of 90 ~ 130cm, there is flexibility and rigid grasp simultaneously, the common rotation retraining drilling rod, hydraulic pressure maintains 20 ~ 30 seconds;
4th step, top is driven main shaft brill and is turned, and tightens drilling rod and protection pipe nipple;
5th step, constraint relief, loosens drilling rod:
After upper button completes, hydraulic cylinder is the most oil-filled, and liquid presses piston pole and arc shoe plate are up, and spring makes lever opposite direction rotate, The clamping of lever lower end releases;
6th step, in the up stage, back-up tong resets:
On the upside of arc shoe plate goes upward to back-up tong main body after preformed hole, whole back-up tong main body along with liquid presses piston pole move up from Spud in bar working region;
The work process of shackle is similar, and simply main shaft direction of rotation is different, repeats no more.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the invention has the advantages that the hydraulic cylinder of an only vertical direction, failure rate is low, make Use the life-span long, be not susceptible to winter freeze, simple in construction, lightweight, low cost of manufacture.It is big to the envelope angle of drilling rod, it is possible to Folded drilling rod is carried out certain set round effect, makes shackle on the drilling rod of certain deformation more smooth.Clamping part integrated use Flexible and rigid grasp, it is possible to realize different calibers flexibly is tight, and clamping performance is good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the back-up tong back-up tong main body schematic diagram that the present invention does not contains back-up tong guide rail;
Fig. 2 is the front view of back-up tong;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of lever;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of six prism block teeth;
Fig. 5 is the back-up tong preparatory stage figure of back-up tong clamping technical process;
Fig. 6 is the back-up tong main body descending phase figure of back-up tong clamping technical process;
Fig. 7 is that the back-up tong main body of back-up tong clamping technical process is to guide rail bottom diagram;
Fig. 8 is the back-up tong clamping phase figure of back-up tong clamping technical process;
Fig. 9 is the back-up tong loosening stage figure of back-up tong clamping technical process;
Figure 10 is the up stage diagram of back-up tong of back-up tong clamping technical process;
In figure: back-up tong guide rail 1, back-up tong main body 3, hydraulic power 4, spring 5, lever 6, axle the 7 and the 1st prism block teeth 8, brill Bar the 9, the 2nd 6 prism block teeth 10;
Hydraulic cylinder 4a, liquid presses piston pole 4b, arc shoe plate 4c;Lever left end 6a, lever body 6b, restraining belt 6c, block teeth 6d.
Detailed description of the invention
In conjunction with accompanying drawing 1-5, the invention will be further described:
A kind of drilling well hydraulic top drives back-up tong, and its technical scheme is: include back-up tong guide rail 1, roller, back-up tong main body 3, hydraulic power 4, spring 5, lever 6, axle the 7 and the 1st prism block teeth the 8, the 2nd 6 prism block teeth 10, lever 6 is assemblied in back-up tong by axle 7 Back-up tong main body 3, described lever 6 is made up of lever left end 6a, lever body 6b, restraining belt 6c, block teeth 6d, lever left end 6a following table Face is supported by spring 5, and lever lower end, equipped with block teeth 6d, is connected by restraining belt 6c between two block teeth, the one or six prism block teeth 8 He Two or six prism block teeth 10 are respectively assembled in two six prism holes that back-up tong main body 3 right-hand member is prefabricated, and drilling rod 9 kernel of section, The kernel of section of the one or six prism block teeth the 8 and the 2nd 6 prism block teeth 10 is wired to 120 degree, and two six prism block teeth are in drilling rod Heart distance is 60 ~ 80cm.Drilling rod to different tube diameters, restraining belt can adjust block teeth spacing.It addition, lever left end is flat board Shape, lever lower end uses the block teeth formation of flexible restraining belt and rigidity to meet compound constant, and wherein restraining belt includes steel wire etc. Tension core.
Hydraulic power 4 includes hydraulic cylinder 4a, liquid presses piston pole 4b, arc shoe plate 4c, and liquid presses piston pole 4b lower end is through the back of the body Install arc shoe plate 4c on clamp main body 3 after preformed hole, make arc shoe plate 4c be positioned at directly over lever left end 6a, described at hydraulic pressure When piston rod 4b is descending, arc shoe plate 4c contacts with lever left end 6a, and promotes lever left end 6a to move downward, whole lever 6 around Axle 7 rotates, and lever lower end promotes drilling rod to move right, and described arc shoe plate 4c size is more than preformed hole aperture in back-up tong main body 3, On can drive when carrying and move on whole back-up tong, back-up tong main body 3 is assemblied on back-up tong guide rail 1, is moved up and down by roller.
Wherein, described block teeth 6d, the one or six prism block teeth the 8 and the 2nd 6 prism block teeth 10 are made up of high-abrasive material.Above-mentioned The lever a length of 30 ~ 55cm of left end 6a, a length of 30 ~ 45cm in lever lower end, a length of 90 ~ 130cm of restraining belt 6c.Above-mentioned The reserved six prismatic breach coordinated with the one or six prism block teeth the 8 or the 2nd 6 prism block teeth 10 of back-up tong main body 3, and two six ribs V notch v has two groups of four edges parallel to each other, and six ribs are processed into corresponding radian according to each different caliber, use every time Time have only to rotate to the rib dismounting appropriate section of correspondence, remaining rib still maintains the original state.The application diameter of six block teeth is according to this For: 88.9mm, 139.7mm, 101.6mm, 137.92mm, 114.3mm, 127mm.
5-10 referring to the drawings, the drilling well hydraulic top that the present invention mentions drives back-up tong, and its technical scheme is as follows: snap through on drilling rod Cheng Shi,
The first step, the preparatory stage (such as Fig. 5):
According to different tube diameters before beginning drilling well, from back-up tong main body, mention the one or six prism block teeth the 8 and the 2nd 6 prism block teeth 10, rotate and make work surface face toward drilling rod, only need to adjust once after conversion drilling rod caliber every time;
Second step, descending phase, drilling rod clamp in advance (as Fig. 6,7):
The oil-filled supercharging of hydraulic cylinder 4a forward, liquid presses piston pole 4b, arc shoe plate 4c and the downward rigid translation of whole back-up tong main body 3 Motion, back-up tong entirety is displaced downwardly to back-up tong guide rail least significant end, makes drilling rod enter and steps up region, and during this, spring 5 is not affected by compression, Only serve the position effect maintaining lever;
3rd step, clamping drilling rod (such as Fig. 8):
Liquid presses piston pole 4b continues downwards, and arc shoe plate 4c promotes lever left end 6a to move downward, and spring 5 is compressed, simultaneously thick stick Bar 6 starts to rotate around axle 7, and restraining belt 6c of lever lower end contacts drilling rod and pushes away to the right, until restraining belt 6c of lever lower end, Block teeth 6d and six prism block teeth are matched for clamping tightly drilling rod 9;Restraining belt 6c, block teeth 6d motor process as follows, when restraining belt 6c is complete During envelope drilling rod 9, both sides block teeth 6d is pulled by restraining belt 6c to centre, and block teeth 6d touches drilling rod 9, promotes drilling rod and six prisms Block teeth are fitted, and drilling rod out-of-roundness is corrected, and a length of 90 ~ 130cm of restraining belt has flexibility and rigid grasp, the most simultaneously The rotation of bundle drilling rod, hydraulic pressure maintains 20 ~ 30 seconds;
4th step, top is driven main shaft and is bored and turn, tightens drilling rod and protection pipe nipple (same as the prior art repeat no more);
5th step, constraint relief, loosens drilling rod (such as Fig. 9):
After upper button completes, hydraulic cylinder 4a is the most oil-filled, and liquid presses piston pole 4b and arc shoe plate 4c is up, and spring 5 makes lever 6 negative side To rotation, the clamping of lever lower end releases;
6th step, in the up stage, back-up tong resets (such as Figure 10):
Going upward on the upside of back-up tong main body 3 after preformed hole until arc shoe plate 4c, whole back-up tong main body is along with liquid presses piston pole 4b upwards Move away drilling rod working region;
The work process of shackle is similar, and simply main shaft direction of rotation is different, repeats no more.
Advantages of the present invention is as follows:
1, envelope angle is big, it is possible to added drilling rod carries out certain school circle function, has certain fitting to the drilling rod with deformation By property, extend the service life of drilling rod.Owing to six prism dissimilar tooth forms on the right side of lever are the pipe diameter determing for different size , each prism to the envelope angle of drilling rod more than 80 degree, the compound constant envelope angle of left end more than 100 degree, total envelope Angle is not less than 260 degree;
2, flexible and rigid composite clamps, and clamping performance is good.The design of lever 6c and 6d part, makes restraining belt 6c first contact brill Bar, along with the increase enveloping surface of thrust is also increasing, it is possible to ensure that three part block teeth reach maximum clamping force simultaneously.Existing flexibility Constraint has again rigid constraint, and clamping force is more uniform, and clamping stability is good.Compared with traditional rigid grasp, reach identical The clamping force that clamping effect needs is less.Opposing twisting property is good, extends the service life of drilling rod;
3, simple in construction, low cost of manufacture.Only one of which hydraulic cylinder is achieved that the descending of back-up tong and two different directions of clamping On action, effectively avoid the redundancy of structure.Overall structure is simple, and part parts are few.Owing to not having the hydraulic pressure of level to set Standby, the weight of this back-up tong is substantially reduced, it is to avoid drilling rod eccentric wear phenomenon.Also simplify integrated hydraulic system simultaneously, reduce system Cause this.The fault rate of back-up tong reduces, and reliability is greatly improved;
4, can automatic centering.Roomy guide rail ensure that back-up tong main body is horizontal.Six prism block teeth 8 parts are (such as Fig. 5 Shown in) processing different annular mouth for six kinds of different calibers, it is ensured that the drilling rod for different tube diameters has preferably Adaptability, keeps face contact to greatest extent.And the position of six prisms and angle ensure that drilling rod steps up rear and top guarantor Shield a shortcoming or fault and be connected on a centrage, it is achieved that the automatic centering of drilling rod;
5, abrasion is less, and not damaged is in drilling rod.Restraining belt 6c in left side is far longer than block teeth and drilling rod with the coefficient of friction of drilling rod Between coefficient of friction, compared with traditional rigid grasp, reach the clamping force that identical clamping effect needs little, protect drilling rod Box cupling, extends drilling life of drill pipe;
6, regular maintenance is convenient.After end-of-job, back-up tong vertical direction activity space is big, for changing block teeth, protection pipe nipple or IBOP Provide bigger working space.Only need to remove the most replaceable whole back-up tong of roller.The big energy of back-up tong vertical direction activity space Enough exempting from damages drilling rod;
7, the held tight to different calibers can be realized flexibly.Clamping part on the left of the design has flexible restraint ties, energy Enough spacing that two block teeth 6ds are adjusted flexibly for different tube diameters, adapt to different calibers i.e. automatically.By six on the right side of rotating Prism block teeth 8, it is possible to produce specific aim clamping with different tube diameters;
8, vertical spring has damping and the function fluctuated.On drilling rod during shackle, due to the elastic work of spring 5 With, back-up tong is on the premise of the drilling rod of clamping, additionally it is possible to provides a vertical floating space flexibly, makes up what pitch was brought The deviation of the vertical direction of main shaft is driven on drilling rod and top;
9, hydraulic cylinder life is longer, and winter is not susceptible to the phenomenon that freezes.The design only has a vertical hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic oil Better tightness.On back-up tong in shackle work process, inevitably have drilling fluid, even landwaste and trickle down back-up tong master On body, the back-up tong with horizontal hydraulic cylinder easily produces hydraulic cylinder serious wear, the easy leakage of oil of summer operation, holds when winter works Easily freeze;
10, the anti-torsion active force that back-up tong guide rail provides is big, and the width of back-up tong is 2 ~ 3 times of drill pipe diameter, has roomy simultaneously Back-up tong guide rail, there is preferable twisting action performance.

Claims (1)

1. drilling well hydraulic top drives a back-up tong, it is characterized in that: include that back-up tong guide rail (1), roller, back-up tong main body (3), hydraulic pressure are dynamic Power (4), spring (5), lever (6), axle (7) and the one or six prism block teeth (8), the two or six prism block teeth (10), lever (6) leads to Crossing axle (7) and be assemblied in back-up tong main body (3), described lever (6) is by lever left end (6a), lever body (6b), restraining belt (6c), tooth Block (6d) forms, and lever left end (6a) lower surface is supported by spring (5), and lever lower end is equipped with block teeth (6d), between two block teeth Being connected by restraining belt (6c), it is right that the one or six prism block teeth (8) and the two or six prism block teeth (10) are respectively assembled at back-up tong main body (3) Hold in two prefabricated six prism holes, and drilling rod (9) kernel of section, the one or six prism block teeth (8) and the two or six prism block teeth (10) kernel of section is wired to 120 degree;
Hydraulic power (4) includes hydraulic cylinder (4a), liquid presses piston pole (4b), arc shoe plate (4c), liquid presses piston pole (4b) lower end After the upper preformed hole of back-up tong main body (3), install arc shoe plate (4c), make arc shoe plate (4c) just be positioned at lever left end (6a) Top, described liquid presses piston pole (4b) arc shoe plate (4c) when descending contacts with lever left end (6a), and promotes lever left End (6a) moves downward, and whole lever (6) rotates around axle (7), and lever lower end promotes drilling rod to move right, described arc shoe plate (4c) size is more than the upper preformed hole aperture of back-up tong main body (3), can drive and move on whole back-up tong when above carrying, and back-up tong main body (3) fills Fit on back-up tong guide rail (1), moved up and down by roller;
Described block teeth (6d), the one or six prism block teeth (8) and the two or six prism block teeth (10) are made up of high-abrasive material;
Described lever left end (6a) a length of 30 ~ 55cm, a length of 30 ~ 45cm in lever lower end;
Reserved six prismatics coordinated with the one or six prism block teeth (8) or the two or six prism block teeth (10) of described back-up tong main body (3) Breach, and two six prismatic breach have two groups of four edges parallel to each other.
CN201610660360.3A 2014-01-07 2014-01-07 Multi-pipe-diameter list hydraulic top drives back-up tong and its clamping technique Active CN106121564B (en)

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CN201410005781.3A CN103711445B (en) 2014-01-07 2014-01-07 Multi-pipe-diameter list hydraulic top drives back-up tong and clamping technique thereof
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109339720A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-02-15 广州码云互联网科技有限公司 A kind of oil drilling and r eoovery machine clamping device easy to install

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CN106121563B (en) 2018-07-31
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CN103711445B (en) 2016-09-07
CN103711445A (en) 2014-04-09

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