CN106119581A - A kind of preparation technology of powdered metallurgical material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation technology of powdered metallurgical material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106119581A CN106119581A CN201610606656.7A CN201610606656A CN106119581A CN 106119581 A CN106119581 A CN 106119581A CN 201610606656 A CN201610606656 A CN 201610606656A CN 106119581 A CN106119581 A CN 106119581A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- shot
- metallurgical material
- copper
- preparation technology
- powdered metallurgical
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F2003/145—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously by warm compacting, below debindering temperature
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the preparation technology of a kind of powdered metallurgical material, it includes being placed in heating furnace aluminum shot, and aluminum shot adds shot copper and nickel shot after dissolving and carries out melting, until molten clear after drag for clean scum silica frost, obtain aluminium alloy；Aluminium alloy is poured in mould, is subsequently placed in cold water and is cooled to room temperature, obtain alloy pig；Pulverize after alloy pig is lathed fines, obtain alloyed powder；Above-mentioned alloyed powder is placed in graphite jig and carries out hot pressed sintering, sintered rear mould unloading, obtain copper nickel aluminium powder metallurgical material；Again above-mentioned powdered metallurgical material is carried out heat treatment.The present invention is poured in mould by aluminium alloy, is subsequently placed in cold water and is cooled to room temperature, makes aluminium alloy quickly cool down, it is ensured that metal is shorter in the hot stage time of staying, and alloying element has little time to spread, thus thinning microstructure, reduce segregation；Meanwhile, the present invention has higher hardness and intensity by copper-based alloy material prepared by powder metallurgic method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to copper-based alloy material, specifically the preparation technology of copper nickel by powder metallurgical material.
Background technology
Copper and copper alloy are to apply one of metal material the earliest, be widely used in machine-building, transport, build, electrically,
The industrial departments such as electronics；Wherein electric and electronic industry amount of copper consuming is relatively big, mainly for the manufacture of electric wire, communication cable etc..Copper and copper
Alloy is the most nonmagnetic, has good solderable performance, polishing performance and surface treatment properties etc..And in copper, mix nickel can show
Write and improve corrosion resistance, intensity, hardness, resistance, and reduce temperature coefficient of resistivity.
PM technique is to make through shaping and sintering with non-metal powder compound with metal dust or metal dust
Taking metal material, composite and the technology of all kinds goods, it is a kind of chipless or the processing method of few chip, gold
Belong to utilization rate and nearly reach 100%, there is productivity ratio height, stock utilization advantages of higher.And copper based powder metallurgy material is owing to holding
Loading capability, anticorrosive and antiwear property are relatively strong, are used for preparing lock body, camera shutter mechanism, gear, cam etc..But it is existing
There is the copper-based material hardness and insufficient strength utilizing PM technique to prepare, affect the serviceability of material.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of and prepares the powdered metallurgical material that hardness is relatively big, intensity is higher
Preparation technology.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: the preparation technology of a kind of powdered metallurgical material, and it comprises the following steps:
(1) being placed in heating furnace by aluminum shot, aluminum shot adds shot copper and nickel shot after dissolving and carries out melting, until molten clear after drag for clean scum silica frost,
Obtain aluminium alloy；
(2) aluminium alloy is poured in mould, is subsequently placed in cold water and is cooled to room temperature, obtain alloy pig；
(3) pulverize after alloy pig being lathed fines, obtain alloyed powder；
(4) above-mentioned alloyed powder is placed in graphite jig carries out hot pressed sintering, sintered rear mould unloading, obtained copper nickel aluminium powder smelting
Gold copper-base alloy；
(5) more above-mentioned powdered metallurgical material is carried out heat treatment.
As preferably, in aluminum shot, shot copper and nickel shot, the content of nickel is 10wt%, and the content of aluminum is 12 wt %, surplus
For copper.
As preferably, during hot pressed sintering, first sinter 20 30s with the temperature of 280 320 DEG C, then with 500 600 DEG C
Temperature sinters 40 60s, then sinters 20 30s with 650 700 DEG C of temperature.
As preferably, heat treatment uses solid solution, cold pressing deformation and Ageing Treatment successively.
As preferably, the temperature of solution treatment is 650 700 DEG C, and the time is 10 12min.
As preferably, the deflection of colding pressing of deformation process of colding pressing is 30 35%.
As preferably, the temperature of Ageing Treatment is 300 350 DEG C, and the time is 2 3h.
As can be known from the above technical solutions, the present invention is poured in mould by aluminium alloy, is subsequently placed in cold water and is cooled to
Room temperature, makes aluminium alloy quickly cool down, it is ensured that metal is shorter in the hot stage time of staying, and alloying element has little time diffusion, thus
Thinning microstructure, reduces segregation；Meanwhile, the present invention by copper-based alloy material prepared by powder metallurgic method have higher hardness and
Intensity.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described more detail below, and illustrative examples and explanation in this present invention are used for explaining the present invention,
But it is not as a limitation of the invention.
A kind of preparation technology of powdered metallurgical material, it comprises the following steps:
With aluminum, copper, nickel shot as raw material, and by the content of nickel be 10wt%, the content of aluminum be 12 wt %, surplus be that copper is joined
Material；Then being placed in induction heater by aluminum shot, aluminum shot adds shot copper and nickel shot after dissolving and carries out melting, until molten clear after drag for clean floating
Slag, obtains aluminium alloy；Aluminium alloy is poured in mould, is immediately placed in cold water together with mould and is cooled to room temperature, obtain alloy
Ingot；Then pulverize after alloy pig being lathed fines, obtain alloyed powder；
Above-mentioned alloyed powder is placed in graphite jig and carries out hot pressed sintering, sintered rear mould unloading, obtain copper nickel aluminium powder metallurgical
Material；Hot pressed sintering is carried out in three stages, first sinters 20 30s with the temperature of 280 320 DEG C, then with 500 600 DEG C of temperature
Degree sintering 40 60s, then sinter 20 30s with 650 700 DEG C of temperature；First stage belongs to the sintering preparatory stage, for further
Ground sintering environment purification；Second stage, along with the rising of temperature, initially forms sintering neck, and mutually ties between alloying substance granule
Closing, particle surface oxide generation reduction reaction, thus continue to participate in sintering, intergranular combination encloses sky each other
Gap；The sintering temperature of three phases is higher, and intergranular sintering neck is grown up further, and more granule is merged, sintering
Body is shunk further, nodularization, thus intensity and the hardness of material is prepared in raising.
Above-mentioned powdered metallurgical material is carried out heat treatment；Heat treatment uses solid solution, cold pressing deformation and Ageing Treatment successively；Gu
The temperature of molten process is 650 700 DEG C, and the time is 10 12min, so can control nickel, the aluminum solid solubility in Copper substrate and
Grain size；Solid solubility temperature is too high, can cause coarse grains, reduces alloy strength；Solid solubility temperature is too low, though crystal grain is less, but
Follow-up Ageing Treatment can be caused to be difficult to play the effect of reinforced alloys.
As preferably, the deflection of colding pressing of deformation process of colding pressing is 30 35%；Before Ageing Treatment, alloy is carried out cold working
Deformation, can make alloy present the double effects of working hardening and ageing strengthening；The temperature of Ageing Treatment is 300 350 DEG C, the time
It is 2 3h；Ageing Treatment can separate out the second phase, produces dispersion-strengtherning.
Embodiment 1
Being placed in induction heater by 1wt % aluminum shot, aluminum shot adds 89wt % shot copper after dissolving and 10wt% nickel shot carries out melting,
Until molten clear after drag for clean scum silica frost, obtain aluminium alloy；Again aluminium alloy is poured in mould, and water-cooled, to room temperature, obtains alloy rapidly
Ingot；Then pulverize after alloy pig being lathed fines, obtain alloyed powder；Alloyed powder is placed in graphite jig, first with 280
DEG C temperature sintering 30s, then with 500 DEG C of temperature sintering 60s, then with 650 DEG C of temperature sintering 30s；At subsequently with 650 DEG C of solid solutions
Reason 12min；Then colding pressing deformation process, deflection of colding pressing is 30%；Last with 300 DEG C of Ageing Treatment 3h, obtain copper nickel aluminium powder
Metallurgical material.The hardness recording this material is 36.9HRC, and shear strength is 560.4MPa, and bulk density is 7.08g/cm3。
Embodiment 2
Being placed in induction heater by 1.5 wt % aluminum shots, aluminum shot adds 88.5 wt % shot coppers after dissolving and 10wt% nickel shot is carried out
Melting, until molten clear after drag for clean scum silica frost, obtain aluminium alloy；Again aluminium alloy is poured in mould, and water-cooled, to room temperature, obtains rapidly
Alloy pig；Then pulverize after alloy pig being lathed fines, obtain alloyed powder；Alloyed powder is placed in graphite jig, first
25s is sintered, then with 560 DEG C of temperature sintering 50s, then with 680 DEG C of temperature sintering 25s with the temperature of 300 DEG C；Subsequently with 680 DEG C
Solution treatment 11min；Then colding pressing deformation process, deflection of colding pressing is 32%；Last with 330 DEG C of Ageing Treatment 2.5h, obtain copper
Nickel aluminium powder metallurgical material.The hardness recording this material is 45.2HRC, and shear strength is 591.3MPa, and bulk density is
7.74g/cm3。
Embodiment 3
Being placed in induction heater by 2 wt % aluminum shots, aluminum shot adds 88wt % shot copper after dissolving and 10wt% nickel shot carries out melting,
Until molten clear after drag for clean scum silica frost, obtain aluminium alloy；Again aluminium alloy is poured in mould, and water-cooled, to room temperature, obtains alloy rapidly
Ingot；Then pulverize after alloy pig being lathed fines, obtain alloyed powder；Alloyed powder is placed in graphite jig, first with 320
DEG C temperature sintering 20s, then with 600 DEG C of temperature sintering 40s, then with 700 DEG C of temperature sintering 20s；At subsequently with 700 DEG C of solid solutions
Reason 10min；Then colding pressing deformation process, deflection of colding pressing is 35%；Last with 350 DEG C of Ageing Treatment 2h, obtain copper nickel aluminium powder
Metallurgical material.The hardness recording this material is 38.9HRC, and shear strength is 572.1MPa, and bulk density is 7.23g/cm3。
The technical scheme provided the embodiment of the present invention above is described in detail, specific case used herein
Principle and embodiment to the embodiment of the present invention are set forth, and the explanation of above example is only applicable to help to understand this
The principle of inventive embodiments；Simultaneously for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiment of the present invention, in specific embodiment party
All will change in formula and range of application, in sum, this specification content should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a preparation technology for powdered metallurgical material, it comprises the following steps:
(1) being placed in heating furnace by aluminum shot, aluminum shot adds shot copper and nickel shot after dissolving and carries out melting, until molten clear after drag for clean scum silica frost,
Obtain aluminium alloy；
(2) aluminium alloy is poured in mould, is subsequently placed in cold water and is cooled to room temperature, obtain alloy pig；
(3) pulverize after alloy pig being lathed fines, obtain alloyed powder；
(4) above-mentioned alloyed powder is placed in graphite jig carries out hot pressed sintering, sintered rear mould unloading, obtained copper nickel aluminium powder smelting
Gold copper-base alloy；
(5) more above-mentioned powdered metallurgical material is carried out heat treatment.
The preparation technology of powdered metallurgical material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in aluminum shot, shot copper and nickel shot,
The content of nickel is 10wt%, and the content of aluminum is 12 wt %, and surplus is copper.
3. the preparation technology of powdered metallurgical material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: during hot pressed sintering, first with 280
The temperature of 320 DEG C sinters 20 30s, then sinters 40 60s with 500 600 DEG C of temperature, then with 650 700 DEG C of temperature sintering
20—30s。
4. the preparation technology of as claimed in claim 1 powdered metallurgical material, it is characterised in that: heat treatment uses solid solution, cold successively
Compressive strain and Ageing Treatment.
5. the preparation technology of powdered metallurgical material as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the temperature of solution treatment is 650
700 DEG C, the time is 10 12min.
6. the preparation technology of powdered metallurgical material as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the deformation of colding pressing of deformation process of colding pressing
Amount is 30 35%.
7. the preparation technology of powdered metallurgical material as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the temperature of Ageing Treatment is 300
350 DEG C, the time is 2 3h.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610606656.7A CN106119581A (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2016-07-29 | A kind of preparation technology of powdered metallurgical material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610606656.7A CN106119581A (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2016-07-29 | A kind of preparation technology of powdered metallurgical material |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070089816A1 (en) * | 2004-04-05 | 2007-04-26 | Swissmetal Ums Usines Metallurgiques Suisse Sa | Machinable copper-based alloy and production method |
| CN103184385A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-07-03 | 燕山大学 | Brake block friction material taking Mn+1XAn lamellar compound as antifriction phase and preparation method |
| CN103710570A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-09 | 长沙理工大学 | Cu-Ni-Al-Ce porous alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN104946915A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-09-30 | 东北大学 | Preparation method of fine-grained CuCr alloy |
-
2016
- 2016-07-29 CN CN201610606656.7A patent/CN106119581A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070089816A1 (en) * | 2004-04-05 | 2007-04-26 | Swissmetal Ums Usines Metallurgiques Suisse Sa | Machinable copper-based alloy and production method |
| CN103184385A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-07-03 | 燕山大学 | Brake block friction material taking Mn+1XAn lamellar compound as antifriction phase and preparation method |
| CN103710570A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-09 | 长沙理工大学 | Cu-Ni-Al-Ce porous alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN104946915A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-09-30 | 东北大学 | Preparation method of fine-grained CuCr alloy |
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Application publication date: 20161116 |