CN106118707B - Waste plastics innocent treatment equipment and method - Google Patents
Waste plastics innocent treatment equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106118707B CN106118707B CN201610606090.8A CN201610606090A CN106118707B CN 106118707 B CN106118707 B CN 106118707B CN 201610606090 A CN201610606090 A CN 201610606090A CN 106118707 B CN106118707 B CN 106118707B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/002—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal in combination with oil conversion- or refining processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/006—Combinations of processes provided in groups C10G1/02 - C10G1/08
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1003—Waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/02—Gasoline
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/04—Diesel oil
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to waste plastics innocent treatment equipment, including belt conveyor 1, belt conveyor 1 is connected with big screw feeder 2, the big connection dechlorination of screw feeder 2 current divider 3, the bottom of dechlorination current divider 3 connection small screw charger 5, small screw charger 5 connects cracking still 6, the bottom of cracking still 6 connects out carbon system 7, go out the connection carbon dust collecting of carbon system 7 tank 8, catalytic reforming tower 9 is connected with cracking still 6, the exhaust outlet of catalytic reforming tower 9 connects reboiler 10, reboiler 10 is provided with fractionating column 11, fractionating column 11 is provided with exhaust outlet, refluxing opening, upper exhaust outlet connects the import of condenser 12, refluxing opening on the outlet of condenser 12 connection fractionating column 11, gasoline tank 15, lower exhaust outlet connects the import of air-cooler 13, the outlet of air-cooler 13 connection 11 times refluxing openings of fractionating column, diesel oil tank 14；The present invention uses all-sealed structure, does not have any waste gas, waste water, waste residue discharge during work, will not cause secondary pollution to environment.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to Treatment of Waste Plastics technical field, specifically a kind of waste plastics innocent treatment equipment and side
Method.
[background technology]
With the fast development of social economy, plastic products are used more and more extensively, therewith in daily life
And the waste plastics come is also more and more.Waste plastics pollution turns into world-famous puzzle, and various countries are begun look for effectively from the nineties
Processing method, but due to that can not be broken through to key technology, waste plastics can not also be realized and be totally converted and innoxious processing.And
And, waste plastics is stable due to chemical property, and its recovery value is high.At present, typically by by cracking waste plastics into degraded
Compound, gasoline, diesel oil, liquefied gas etc. are made through rectifying, cracking processing is plastics pollution, processing waste or used plastics, become give up into
Precious important channel.However, existing waste plastic oil-refining equipment and method be not high due to cracking insufficient, conversion ratio, still have useless
Gas, waste residue are produced, and cause secondary pollution, and equipment cost is high, and practicality is not strong.
[content of the invention]
A kind of waste plastics innocent treatment equipment is provided present invention aim to solve above-mentioned deficiency, using complete
Sealing structure, does not have any waste gas, waste water, waste residue discharge, secondary pollution will not be caused to environment, is thoroughly solved during work
This problem of waste plastics harmless treatment, can conversely turn waste into wealth and bring economic benefit.
Design a kind of waste plastics innocent treatment equipment to achieve the above object, including belt conveyor 1, cracking still 6 and
Go out carbon system 7, the belt conveyor 1 is connected with the big hopper of screw feeder 2, the big other end of screw feeder 2 connection
Dechlorination current divider 3, the top of dechlorination current divider 3 connects alkali lye neutralizing tank 4 by pipeline, and the bottom of dechlorination current divider 3 is set
There are two discharging openings, two discharging openings of the dechlorination current divider 3 connect small screw charger 5, two institutes by pipeline respectively
State small screw charger 5 and connect cracking still 6 respectively, two cracking stills 6 are discharged side by side in same level, the cracking still 6
Bottom is equipped with discharging opening, and the discharging opening of the cracking still 6 is connected with going out the charging aperture of carbon system 7 respectively, and carbon is gone out described in two
The bottom discharging opening of system 7 connects carbon dust collecting tank 8 respectively, and two tops of cracking still 6 are equipped with catalytic reforming tower 9, two respectively
The individual catalytic reforming tower 9 is connected by pipeline with the top of cracking still 6 respectively, the exhaust at two tops of catalytic reforming tower 9
Mouth is connected by pipeline with the top of reboiler 10, is provided with fractionating column 11, the fractionating column 11 and is set on the reboiler 10
There are upper exhaust outlet, lower exhaust outlet, upper refluxing opening and lower refluxing opening, the upper exhaust outlet is connected by pipeline and the import of condenser 12
Connect, the outlet of condenser 12 is connected with refluxing opening, gasoline tank 15 on fractionating column 11 respectively by pipeline, the lower exhaust outlet
Be connected by pipeline with the top inlet of air-cooler 13, the outlet at bottom of air-cooler 13 by pipeline respectively with fractionating column 11 next time
Head piece, diesel oil tank 14 are connected, and the top of gasoline tank 15 is connected by pipeline with the air inlet of Compressor Group 16, the pressure
The exhaust outlet of contracting machine unit 16 connects fixed gas storage tank 17 by pipeline.
Further, in addition to water pump 18, cooling tower 19 and pond 20, the cooling tower 19 is connected with pond 20, described
The water inlet of water pump 18 by pipeline connect pond 20, the delivery port of water pump 18 by pipeline respectively with cracking still 6, go out carbon system
7th, cooling position needed for condenser 12 water inlet connection, the cracking still 6, go out carbon system 7, the discharge outlet of condenser 12 difference
Pond 20 is connected to by pipeline.
Further, the big screw feeder 2, dechlorination current divider 3, small screw charger 5, cracking still 6, catalytic reforming
Tower 9, the outer surface of reboiler 10 are all covered with one layer of alumina silicate high temperature cotton, and the alumina silicate high temperature cotton outer surface is provided with high-frequency electrical
Magnetic heating coil.
Further, the dechlorination current divider 3, cracking still 6, catalytic reforming tower 9, reboiler 10, diesel oil tank 14, gasoline
Storage tank 15, fixed gas storage tank 17 are provided with pressure gauge, thermocouple, liquid level gauge.
Further, the cracking still 6 uses hinge type scraping plate mechanism, and the hinge type scraping plate mechanism includes power transmission shaft
22nd, material separating disc 23, scraper stent 24, scraper plate 27 and carbon disk 28 is scraped, the power transmission shaft 22 is placed in cracking still 6 and is concentric with cracking
Material separating disc 23, scraper stent 24 are fixed with kettle 6, the power transmission shaft 22 and carbon disk 28 is scraped, and the scraper stent 24 is provided with many
Layer, the material separating disc 23 is placed at the charging aperture of cracking still 6 and positioned at the top of scraper stent 24 of the superiors, and the carbon disk 28 of scraping is put
Contact in the undermost lower section of scraper stent 24 and with the bottom of cracking still 6, the left and right ends of scraper stent 24 are symmetrically arranged with
Scraper plate 27, the scraper plate 27 is fixed on scraper stent 24 by latch 25, and the left and right ends edge of scraper stent 24 is equal
Spacer pin 26 is provided with, the spacer pin 26 is connected between scraper stent 24 and scraper plate 27.
Further, S grooves 29 are provided with the scraper plate 27, the S grooves 29 are opened on scraper plate 27 and the inwall phase of cracking still 6
Junction.
Further, it is described go out carbon system 7 be that multistage lock formula goes out carbon system, the multistage lock formula, which goes out carbon system, includes upper spiral shell
Cylinder 31, upper screw rod 32, upper electrical ball valve 36, power transmission shaft 2 38, turnover panel 39, go out carbon transition tank 46, lower barrel 47, lower screw rod 48 and
Lower electrical ball valve 50, the upper barrel 31 is inclined upwardly 8-10 ° of placement in horizontal plane, the upper barrel 31 and upper gland packing box
33 are connected, the upper electric motor stand 34 of the other end of upper gland packing box 33 connection, the upper other end of electric motor stand 34 connection
Upper reducing motor 35, the upper screw rod 32 is placed in barrel 31, described upper one end of screw rod 32 through upper gland packing box 33, on
Electric motor stand 34 is connected by shaft coupling one with upper reducing motor 35, and the discharging opening of the upper lower end of barrel 31 is with going out carbon transition tank
The feeding mouths of 46 upper ends is connected, and is provided with upper electrical ball valve 36 between the discharging opening and feeding mouth, it is described go out carbon transition tank 46 on
End is connected with air bleeding valve 37, it is described go out the side of carbon transition tank 46 be connected with intermediate seal stuffing box 40, the intermediate seal filler
Electric motor stand 41 in the middle of the connection of the other end of box 40, the middle other end of the electric motor stand 41 connection intermediate reduction gear motor 42 is described
The level of power transmission shaft 2 38 is horizontally placed on out in carbon transition tank 46, described one end of power transmission shaft 2 38 through intermediate seal stuffing box 40, in
Between electric motor stand 41 be connected by shaft coupling two with intermediate reduction gear motor 42, the turnover panel 39 is fixed in carbon transition tank 46
On power transmission shaft 2 38, it is described go out the bottom of carbon transition tank 46 exit be connected with lower barrel 47, the lower barrel 47 and lower sealing
Stuffing box 45 is connected, and the lower lower electric motor stand 44 of the other end of sealed stuffing box 45 connection, the lower electric motor stand 44 is another
The lower reducing motor 43 of end connection, the lower screw rod 48 is placed in lower barrel 47, and described lower one end of screw rod 48 passes through lower airtight and watertight padding
Box 45, lower electric motor stand 44 are connected by shaft coupling three with lower reducing motor 43, and the lower other end of barrel 47 is connected with lower electricity
Dynamic ball valve 50, it is described go out the outer surface of carbon transition tank 46 on be wound with cooling tube 49, the cooling tube 49 is connected with cooling water pump.
Present invention also offers a kind of waste plastics method for innocent treatment, comprise the following steps：
1) waste plastic-melting process：The waste plastics pre-processed is delivered to big screw feeder 2 by belt conveyor 1
Interior, waste plastics is by Multi-stage heating fusing in big screw feeder 2, and temperature is 100-250 DEG C, and the waste plastics after fusing enters
Material is equably assigned in two small screw chargers 5 by dechlorination current divider 3, dechlorination current divider 3, and material is fed in small screw
Further melted in machine 5 by Multi-stage heating, temperature is 250-450 DEG C, the material after fusing enters cracking still 6, and melts
The waste plastics of change can discharge a small amount of hydrogen chloride gas in entrance dechlorination current divider 3, and hydrogen chloride gas enters alkali lye by pipeline
Neutralizing tank 4 carries out harmless treatment；
2) cracking waste plastics, catalytic reforming process：Into the waste plastics in cracking still 6 in the presence of the high temperature of cracking still 6
Rapid cleavage gasifies, and temperature is 450-550 DEG C, and gas enters in catalytic reforming tower 9 through the top duct of cracking still 6, and gas is through urging
Gaseous mixture is changed into after change modification to enter in reboiler 10, and waste plastics has part carbon dust after gasification is cracked and stays in cracking
The bottom of kettle 6, carbon dust enters carbon dust collecting tank 8 by going out carbon system 7；
3) miscella separation process：Into reboiler 10 miscella continue heat, temperature control at 300-380 DEG C, plus
Miscella after heat can produce substantial amounts of oil gas and continuously enter fractionating column 11, and progress is fully contacted with phegma in fractionating column 11
Mass-and heat-transfer, by controlling the tower top temperature of fractionating column 11, light-end products from tower top flow out the condensed cooling of device 12 obtain gasoline and
On-condensible gas, by controlling temperature in the tower of fractionating column 11, heavy oil product flows out from tower obtains diesel oil through the cooling of air-cooler 13, no
Solidifying gas enters fixed gas storage tank 17 by the pressure recovery of Compressor Group 16.
Further, in the processing method, the big screw feeder 2, dechlorination current divider 3, small screw charger 5, split
The heating of kettle 6, catalytic reforming tower 9, reboiler 10 is solved using high-frequency electromagnetic heating control system, the control system is used to protect
Demonstrate,prove temperature constant, its temperature difference is maintained at ± 3 DEG C, and heating position is provided with thermocouple with detection temperature and feeds back to control system
System.
Further, in the processing method, in addition to cooling system, the cooling system includes water pump 18, cooling tower 19
And pond 20, water pump 18 is by the way that pipeline is connected to cracking still 6, to go out needed for carbon system 7, condenser 12 position that cools uninterrupted
Carry out periodical feeding, then pond 20 through cooling tower 19 is back to by reflux line.
The present invention compared with the existing technology, has the following advantages that：
(1) all-sealed structure is used, does not have any waste gas, waste water, waste residue discharge during work, will not cause secondary to environment
Pollution, thoroughly solves waste plastics harmless treatment this problem, can conversely turn waste into wealth and bring economic benefit；
(2) raw material of this equipment processing extensively, can handle scrap rubber, the dregs of fat, waste plastics, and especially the equipment is to useless modeling
Material processing individually can handle or mix processing simultaneously to PP, PE, PS, wherein right without strict classificating requirement
Waste plastics of the PVC contents in less than 5% can be handled, and for its relatively other device, practicality is more extensive；
(3) be furnished with hydrogen chloride gas collection processing system implementing, because waste plastics is various in style can not possibly be by sorting processing
It is fully and completely classified, and exists wherein just having a small amount of PVC, PVC can produce hydrogen chloride gas in Pintsch process,
Hydrogen chloride is poisonous and harmful gas, but also with corrosivity, it is more serious to equipment corrosion damage ratio, and at hydrogen chloride gas collection
Reason system it is supporting, thoroughly solve this problem, substantially increase security, extend the service life of this equipment, reduce
Cost；
(4) this equipment is provided with two sets of pyrolysis furnaces, two sets of condensers, and the fractionating device equipped with bavin gasoline, thereby using
During treating capacity can arbitrarily be adjusted according to the supply situation of raw material, the ratio of output object can be also adjusted, can be right
The petrol and diesel oil that waste plastics time processing is up to state standards, it is not necessary to which traditional is several all over process, and energy consumption raising greatly reduces
Efficiency；And catalyst tank uses dual pot unit, i.e., using two sets of catalytic reforming towers, by handoff technique, ceaselessly exchange and urge
Agent, improves efficiency；
(5) automaticity is high, using PLC automatic controls, can continuous production, and be integrated fast throughout the year
Fill refining equipment, with install facility, convenient transportation, it is practical the characteristics of, overcome the various waste plastic oil-refinings in the current world
The various disadvantages of device and method；
(6) reaction time is short, moment just cleavable, and economic value is high, waste plastics can be made fully to crack, its carbon produced
Black to reach more than 300, diesel oil and gasoline are up to state standards.
[brief description of the drawings]
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of cracking still in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is A-A sectional views in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation for going out carbon system in the present invention；
In figure：1st, belt conveyor 2, big screw feeder 3, dechlorination current divider 4, alkali lye neutralizing tank 5, small screw enter
Material machine 6, cracking still 7, go out carbon system 8, it is carbon dust collecting tank 9, catalytic reforming tower 10, reboiler 11, fractionating column 12, cold
Condenser 13, air-cooler 14, diesel oil tank 15, gasoline tank 16, Compressor Group 17, fixed gas storage tank 18, water pump
19th, cooling tower 20, pond 22, power transmission shaft 23, material separating disc 24, scraper stent 25, latch 26, spacer pin 27, scraper plate
28th, carbon disk 29, S grooves 31, upper barrel 32, upper screw rod 33, upper gland packing box 34, upper electric motor stand 35, upper deceleration are scraped
Motor 36, upper electrical ball valve 37, air bleeding valve 38, power transmission shaft 2 39, turnover panel 40, intermediate seal stuffing box 41, middle electricity
Machine frame 42, intermediate reduction gear motor 43, lower reducing motor 44, lower electric motor stand 45, lower sealed stuffing box 46, go out carbon mistake
Cross tank 47, lower barrel 48, lower screw rod 49, cooling tube 50, lower electrical ball valve.
[embodiment]
Further explained below is made to the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is by belt conveyor 1, big screw feeder 2, dechlorination current divider 3, alkali lye neutralizing tank
4th, small screw charger 5, cracking still 6, go out carbon system 7, carbon dust collecting tank 8, catalytic reforming tower 9, reboiler 10, fractionating column 11,
Condenser 12, air-cooler 13, diesel oil tank 14, gasoline tank 15, Compressor Group 16, fixed gas storage tank 17, water pump 18, cooling
Tower 19 and pond 20 are constituted, and all parts of complete equipment are placed in the framework being made up of multiple steel supports, belt conveyor
It is connected with big screw feeder hopper, the flange of big screw feeder one end is connected with the flange of dechlorination current divider side；Dechlorination
Shunt base is connected with the flange on two small screw chargers respectively provided with two discharging openings, two discharging openings by valve
Connect；Alkali lye neutralizing tank is connected by pipeline, flange with dechlorination splitter overhead flange；Two small screw charger end flanges point
Flange not with two cracking still sides is connected, and two cracking stills are discharged side by side in same level.Two cracking still bottom difference
Discharging opening is both provided with, two discharging openings are connected by flange with two charging apertures for going out carbon system respectively, and two go out carbon system
Flange of the bottom discharging opening flange respectively with carbon dust collecting tank both sides is connected.Catalytic reforming tower is respectively placed in above two cracking stills
Connected by flange, valve, pipeline and cracking still top flange；Two catalytic reforming tops of tower are both provided with exhaust outlet, two
Exhaust outlet is by three-way pipeline and as an exhaust outlet, and this exhaust outlet is connected by pipeline, valve and reboiler top flange；
It is provided with reboiler on fractionating column, fractionating column and is provided with exhaust outlet on two exhaust outlets, two refluxing openings, fractionating column and passes through method
Blue, pipeline and condenser inlet flange are connected, condensator outlet flange by pipeline, valve, threeway respectively with fractionating column last time
Head piece, gasoline tank connection；Exhaust outlet is connected by flange, pipeline and air-cooler top inlet flange under fractionating column, air-cooler
Outlet at bottom flange is connected with refluxing opening, diesel oil tank under fractionating column respectively by pipeline, valve, threeway.At the top of gasoline tank
Flange is connected by pipeline with Compressor Group air inlet, and Compressor Group exhaust outlet flange passes through pipeline, valve and fixed gas
Storage tank is connected.
Wherein, big screw feeder, dechlorination current divider, small screw charger, cracking still, catalytic reforming tower, outside reboiler
Table is all covered with one layer of alumina silicate high temperature cotton, and high temperature cotton outer surface is provided with high-frequency electromagnetic heating coil；Dechlorination current divider, cracking
Kettle, catalytic reforming tower, reboiler, diesel oil tank, gasoline tank, fixed gas storage tank are provided with pressure gauge, thermocouple, liquid level
Meter；Water pump by pipeline and cracking still, go out carbon system, condenser needed for the water inlet of cooling position be connected, then pass through discharge outlet
Pond is connected to through pipeline, cooling tower.
The course of work or processing method of the present invention is as described below：
1) waste plastic-melting process：The waste plastics pre-processed is delivered to big screw feeder by belt conveyor
Interior, waste plastics melts in big screw feeder by Multi-stage heating, and temperature is between 100 DEG C~250 DEG C, the useless modeling after fusing
Material enters dechlorination current divider, and material is uniformly assigned in two small screw chargers by dechlorination current divider, and material is in small screw
Further by Multi-stage heating fusing (temperature is between 250 DEG C~450 DEG C) in charger, the material after fusing, which enters, to be split
Solve stove.The waste plastics of fusing can discharge a small amount of hydrogen chloride gas in entrance dechlorination current divider, and gas will enter alkali by pipeline
Liquid neutralizing tank carries out harmless treatment.
2) cracking waste plastics, catalytic reforming process：Into the waste plastics in pyrolysis furnace in the presence of pyrolysis furnace high temperature it is fast
Speed cracking gasification, (temperature is between 450 DEG C~550 DEG C) gas enters in catalytic reforming tower through pyrolysis furnace top duct, gas
Gaseous mixture is changed into after catalytic reforming to enter in reboiler.Waste plastics has part carbon dust after gasification is cracked and stays in kettle
Bottom, carbon dust is by going out carbon system into carbon dust collecting tank.
3) miscella separation process：Into reboiler miscella continue heat (temperature control 300 DEG C~380 DEG C it
Between), the miscella after heating can produce substantial amounts of oil gas and continuously enter fractionating column, fully contacted with phegma in fractionating column into
Row mass-and heat-transfer, by controlling tower top temperature, light-end products flow out condensed device cooling from tower top and obtain gasoline and on-condensible gas.
By temperature in control tower, heavy oil product flows out from tower obtains diesel oil through air-cooler cooling.On-condensible gas and by compressor machine
Group pressure recovery enters fixed gas storage tank.
The heating system of this equipment is：Big screw feeder, dechlorination current divider, small screw charger, cracking still, catalysis change
Matter tower, the heating of reboiler use a kind of special high-frequency electromagnetic heating control system, and the control system can guarantee that temperature
Constant, the temperature difference is maintained at ± 3 DEG C, and heating position is provided with thermocouple and carrys out detected temperature feedback to control system；The present invention
Heated by the way that traditional heating is changed into high-frequency electromagnetic, so that very nearly the same above and below the temperature of cracking in cracking still, cracking is abundant,
Treating capacity also has to be lifted by a relatively large margin, and general waste plastics just can be used without cleaning, effectively protect water environment not get dirty
Dye.In addition, the cooling system of this equipment is：Water pump is connected to cracking still by pipeline, goes out to cool down needed for carbon system, condenser and drop
The warm continual carry out periodical feeding in position, then pond through cooling tower is back to by reflux line；The present invention is according to waste plastics
The technical requirements of processing and product volume is adjusted according to client, using double coolers, when temperature is high in catalyst tank, liquefaction
Gas generation is more, then need to only open a cooler；Conversely, then opening two coolers, liquefied gas is just few, and diesel oil, gasoline are more
, by that to temperature control, can be adjusted the product proportion of output.
In the present invention, cracking still uses hinge type scraping plate mechanism, as shown in accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3, the hinge type scraping plate mechanism
Including power transmission shaft 22, material separating disc 23, scraper stent 24, latch 25, spacer pin 26, scraper plate 27 and carbon disk 28 is scraped, power transmission shaft is placed in
Cracking still 6 is interior and is concentric with cracking kettle, and scraper stent point multilayer is fixed on power transmission shaft (can be according to the length of cracking still come really
Given layer number), every layer rotates against 90 degree, and scraper plate is placed in scraper stent two ends and symmetrical, and scraper plate is fixed on scraper plate branch by latch
On frame, spacer pin is placed in scraper stent left and right ends edge, and spacer pin is connected between scraper stent and scraper plate；Material separating disc is put
On first layer scraper plate and it is fixed on power transmission shaft, scrapes carbon disk and be placed under last layer of scraper plate and contacted with cracking still bottom and solid
Due on power transmission shaft.Its course of work is：Reducing motor drives power transmission shaft rotation, and material separating disc rotates with power transmission shaft, material is by entering
Material mouth is fallen on material separating disc, is uniformly thrown on cracking still inwall under the action of the centrifugal force, and material is flowed downward along kettle wall, scraped
Board mount is rotated with power transmission shaft, and rotary course middle scraper is expanded outwardly under the influence of centrifugal force to be contacted and revolve with cracking still inwall
Turn material scraping off kettle wall, material that first layer is not scraped continue flow down, again by second, third, the 4th layer of scraper plate scrape,
Until material is all scraped, scrape carbon plate and scrape bottom carbon dust in collecting tank with power transmission shaft rotation.
By using spacer pin as stopping means in the cracking still, thus it is smaller to cracking still grinding damage, extend
The service life of product, reduces cost；And S grooves 29 are provided with scraper plate, the S grooves are opened on scraper plate and cracking still inwall phase
Junction, the angle of inclination of S grooves is 20-40 °, and the depth of S grooves 9 is 15mm, so as to when entering plastic solution in cracking still, pass through
Suspended centrifugal scraper plate, solution is thrown and cracked on cracking kettle barrel, but some solution not cracked is just by S grooves
Scraper plate is scraped in groove, and S grooves rate of release is for straight trough or skewed slot, and the speed that its solution is dished out is relatively slow, as scraper plate is set
Three sections are put, the section of scraper plate end one has been arrived, plastic solution can be cracked all；And according to straight trough or skewed slot, then have part and do not have
The solution for having cracking is seeped into cracking still bottom, and its lytic effect is just weaker relative to S grooves.
In the present invention, it is that multistage lock formula goes out carbon system to go out carbon system, as shown in Figure 4, the multistage lock formula go out carbon system by
Upper barrel 1, upper screw rod 2, upper gland packing box 3, upper electric motor stand 4, upper reducing motor 5, upper electrical ball valve 6, air bleeding valve 37, biography
Moving axis 2 38, turnover panel 39, intermediate seal stuffing box 10, middle electric motor stand 11, intermediate reduction gear motor 12, lower reducing motor 13,
Lower electric motor stand 14, lower sealed stuffing box 15, go out carbon transition tank 16, lower barrel 17, lower screw rod 18, cooling tube 19, lower electric ball
Valve 20 is constituted, and its connected mode is：Upper barrel is placed in the horizontal plane 8-10 degree that is inclined upwardly, upper gland packing box and upper barrel
Flange is connected, and upper electric motor stand is connected with the flange of upper gland packing box, and upper reducing motor is connected with the flange of upper electric motor stand,
Upper screw rod is placed in barrel, one end is connected through upper gland packing box, upper electric motor stand by shaft coupling one and upper reducing motor
Connect；Upper electrical ball valve upper end is connected with upper barrel lower flange, and upper electrical ball valve lower end is connected with going out carbon transition tank top flange, in
Between sealed stuffing box be connected with going out the flange of carbon transition tank one end, middle electric motor stand is connected with intermediate seal stuffing box flange,
Intermediate reduction gear motor is connected with middle electric motor stand flange, and power transmission shaft level is horizontally placed on out in carbon transition tank, one end passes through centre
Sealed stuffing box, middle electric motor stand turnover panel and are fixed on carbon transition tank by shaft coupling two and intermediate reduction gear motor connection
On interior power transmission shaft；Lower barrel is with going out carbon transition tank lower end by being welded to connect, lower sealed stuffing box and the method for lower barrel one end
Orchid connection, lower electric motor stand is connected with lower sealed stuffing box flange, and lower reducing motor is connected with lower electric motor stand flange, lower screw rod
It is placed in lower barrel, one end is connected through lower sealed stuffing box, lower electric motor stand by shaft coupling three with lower reducing motor, lower electricity
Dynamic ball valve is connected with lower another end flanges of barrel；Go out the upper end of carbon transition tank 16 provided with exhaust outlet, exhaust ports are provided with air bleeding valve
37；Cooling tube is wound in out on carbon transition tank outer surface, and cooling tube is connected with cooling water pump.
The course of work for going out carbon system is：Reducing motor is driven by shaft coupling one in electrical ball valve in opening, unlatching
Carbon dust in upper screw rod rotation, reactor is taken out of into going out in carbon transition tank with the rotation of upper screw rod, opens intermediate reduction gear motor and leads to
Crossing shaft coupling two drives power transmission shaft to be rotated with turnover panel, and reducing motor, upper electrical ball valve in closing open air bleeding valve, lower electric ball
Valve, opens lower reducing motor and drives lower screw rod to rotate by shaft coupling three, carbon dust is discharged by lower electrical ball valve.This goes out carbon system work
When making, cooling water is constantly injected in circulation by cooling water pump all the time in cooling tube, the cooling of carbon transition tank is provided to reach, it is above-mentioned
Whole operation process is automatically controlled by PLC.Carbon dust in cracking still is transported to out in carbon transition tank by using upper screw rod, when going out
When carbon transition tank shows carbon dust completely, the upper electrical ball valve turned off cracking still and gone out between carbon transition tank makes cracking still be in envelope
Closed state, opens out the lower electrical ball valve of carbon transition tank lower end, starts turnover panel or swivel plate in carbon transition tank, goes out carbon transition
Carbon dust can then be discharged from bottom end outlet very unobstructedly in tank, by cooling device, prevent the carbon dust of discharge from spontaneous combustion, and without heat
Gas (waste gas) is discharged.
The present invention is simultaneously not limited to the embodiments described above limitation, other any Spirit Essences and principle without departing from the present invention
Lower made change, modification, replacement, combination, simplification, should be equivalent substitute mode, be included in the protection model of the present invention
Within enclosing.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of waste plastics innocent treatment equipment, including belt conveyor (1), cracking still (6) and go out carbon system (7), it is special
Levy and be：The belt conveyor (1) is connected with big screw feeder (2) hopper, and big screw feeder (2) other end connects
Connect and alkali lye neutralizing tank (4), the dechlorination current divider are connected by pipeline at the top of dechlorination current divider (3), the dechlorination current divider (3)
(3) bottom is provided with two discharging openings, and two discharging openings of the dechlorination current divider (3) connect small screw by pipeline respectively and fed
Machine (5), two small screw chargers (5) connect cracking still (6) respectively, two cracking stills (6) in same level simultaneously
Row discharge, cracking still (6) bottom is equipped with discharging opening, and the discharging opening of the cracking still (6) is respectively with going out carbon system (7)
Charging aperture is connected, and carbon system (7) bottom discharging opening is gone out described in two and connects carbon dust collecting tank (8), two cracking stills respectively
(6) top is equipped with catalytic reforming tower (9) respectively, and two catalytic reforming towers (9) pass through pipeline and cracking still (6) top respectively
Exhaust outlet at the top of connection, two catalytic reforming towers (9) is connected by pipeline with reboiler (10) top, the reboiler
(10) it is provided with fractionating column (11), the fractionating column (11) and is provided with exhaust outlet, lower exhaust outlet, upper refluxing opening and next time
Head piece, the upper exhaust outlet is connected by pipeline with condenser (12) import, and condenser (12) outlet is distinguished by pipeline
It is connected with refluxing opening, gasoline tank (15) on fractionating column (11), the lower exhaust outlet is by pipeline with entering at the top of air-cooler (13)
Mouth connection, air-cooler (13) outlet at bottom is connected with refluxing opening, diesel oil tank (14) under fractionating column (11) respectively by pipeline
Connect, be connected at the top of the gasoline tank (15) by pipeline with Compressor Group (16) air inlet, the Compressor Group (16)
Exhaust outlet connects fixed gas storage tank (17) by pipeline.
2. equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include water pump (18), cooling tower (19) and pond (20), institute
State cooling tower (19) to be connected with pond (20), water pump (18) water inlet connects pond (20) by pipeline, the water pump
(18) delivery port by pipeline respectively with cracking still (6), go out carbon system (7), condenser (12) needed for cooling position water inlet
Connection, the cracking still (6), goes out carbon system (7), the discharge outlet of condenser (12) and is connected to pond (20) by pipeline respectively.
3. equipment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The big screw feeder (2), dechlorination current divider (3),
Small screw charger (5), cracking still (6), catalytic reforming tower (9), reboiler (10) outer surface are all covered with one layer of alumina silicate height
Wen Mian, the alumina silicate high temperature cotton outer surface is provided with high-frequency electromagnetic heating coil.
4. equipment as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：The dechlorination current divider (3), cracking still (6), catalytic reforming tower
(9), reboiler (10), diesel oil tank (14), gasoline tank (15), fixed gas storage tank (17) be provided with pressure gauge, thermocouple,
Liquid level gauge.
5. equipment as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The cracking still (6) uses hinge type scraping plate mechanism, the hinge
Chain scraper mechanism includes power transmission shaft (22), material separating disc (23), scraper stent (24), scraper plate (27) and scrapes carbon disk (28), described
Power transmission shaft (22) be placed in cracking still (6) and be concentric with cracking still (6), the power transmission shaft (22) be fixed with material separating disc (23),
Scraper stent (24) and carbon disk (28) is scraped, the scraper stent (24) is provided with multilayer, and the material separating disc (23) is placed in cracking still
(6) at charging aperture and above the scraper stent (24) of the superiors, the carbon disk (28) of scraping is placed in undermost scraper stent
(24) contact below and with cracking still (6) bottom, scraper stent (24) left and right ends are symmetrically arranged with scraper plate (27), described
Scraper plate (27) is fixed on scraper stent (24) by latch (25), and scraper stent (24) the left and right ends edge is respectively provided with
Limited location pin (26), the spacer pin (26) is connected between scraper stent (24) and scraper plate (27).
6. equipment as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：S grooves (29), the S grooves (29) are provided with the scraper plate (27)
It is opened on scraper plate (27) and cracking still (6) inwall connection.
7. equipment as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：It is described go out carbon system (7) be that multistage lock formula goes out carbon system, it is described
Multistage lock formula, which goes out carbon system, includes upper barrel (31), upper screw rod (32), upper electrical ball valve (36), power transmission shaft two (38), turnover panel
(39) carbon transition tank (46), lower barrel (47), lower screw rod (48) and lower electrical ball valve (50), are gone out, the upper barrel (31) is in water
Plane is inclined upwardly 8-10 ° of placement, and the upper barrel (31) is connected with upper gland packing box (33), the upper gland packing box
(33) the upper electric motor stand (34) of other end connection, the upper upper reducing motor (35) of electric motor stand (34) other end connection is described
Upper screw rod (32) is placed in barrel (31), and described upper screw rod (32) one end passes through upper gland packing box (33), upper electric motor stand
(34) it is connected by shaft coupling one with upper reducing motor (35), the discharging opening of upper barrel (31) lower end is with going out carbon transition tank
(46) feeding mouth of upper end be connected, between the discharging opening and feeding mouth be provided with upper electrical ball valve (36), it is described go out carbon transition tank
(46) upper end is connected with air bleeding valve (37), it is described go out carbon transition tank (46) side be connected with intermediate seal stuffing box (40), it is described
Electric motor stand (41) in the middle of the connection of intermediate seal stuffing box (40) other end, in middle electric motor stand (41) other end connection
Between reducing motor (42), described (38) level of power transmission shaft two is horizontally placed on out in carbon transition tank (46), the power transmission shaft two (38) one
End is connected through intermediate seal stuffing box (40), middle electric motor stand (41) by shaft coupling two with intermediate reduction gear motor (42),
The turnover panel (39) is fixed on the power transmission shaft two (38) in carbon transition tank (46), it is described go out carbon transition tank (46) bottom go out
Lower barrel (47) is connected with mouthful, the lower barrel (47) is connected with lower sealed stuffing box (45), the lower sealed stuffing box
(45) the lower electric motor stand (44) of other end connection, the lower lower reducing motor (43) of electric motor stand (44) other end connection is described
Lower screw rod (48) is placed in lower barrel (47), and described lower screw rod (48) one end passes through lower sealed stuffing box (45), lower electric motor stand
(44) it is connected by shaft coupling three with lower reducing motor (43), lower barrel (47) other end is connected with lower electrical ball valve
(50), it is described go out carbon transition tank (46) outer surface on be wound with cooling tube (49), the cooling tube (49) is connected with cooling water pump.
8. a kind of waste plastics method for innocent treatment, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) waste plastic-melting process：The waste plastics pre-processed is delivered to big screw feeder (2) by belt conveyor (1)
Interior, waste plastics is by Multi-stage heating fusing in big screw feeder (2), and temperature is 100-250 DEG C, and the waste plastics after fusing enters
Enter dechlorination current divider (3), material is equably assigned in two small screw chargers (5) by dechlorination current divider (3), and material is small
Further melted in screw feeder (5) by Multi-stage heating, temperature is 250-450 DEG C, the material after fusing, which enters, to be split
Kettle (6) is solved, and the waste plastics melted can discharge a small amount of hydrogen chloride gas into dechlorination current divider (3) is interior, hydrogen chloride gas leads to
Piping enters alkali lye neutralizing tank (4) and carries out harmless treatment；
2) cracking waste plastics, catalytic reforming process：Into the waste plastics in cracking still (6) in the presence of cracking still (6) high temperature
Rapid cleavage gasifies, and temperature is 450-550 DEG C, and gas enters in catalytic reforming tower (9) through cracking still (6) top duct, gas
Gaseous mixture is changed into after catalytic reforming interior into reboiler (10), and waste plastics has part carbon dust after gasification is cracked and stayed
At cracking still (6) bottom, carbon dust enters carbon dust collecting tank (8) by going out carbon system (7)；
3) miscella separation process：Miscella into reboiler (10) continues to heat, and temperature control is at 300-380 DEG C, heating
Miscella afterwards can produce substantial amounts of oil gas and continuously enter fractionating column (11), fully contacted with phegma in the fractionating column (11) into
Row mass-and heat-transfer, by controlling fractionating column (11) tower top temperature, light-end products flow out condensed device (12) cooling from tower top and obtained
Gasoline and on-condensible gas, by controlling temperature in fractionating column (11) tower, heavy oil product flows out from tower to be cooled down through air-cooler (13)
Diesel oil is obtained, on-condensible gas enters fixed gas storage tank (17) by Compressor Group (16) pressure recovery.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that：The big screw feeder (2), dechlorination current divider (3), small spiral shell
Bar charger (5), cracking still (6), catalytic reforming tower (9), the heating of reboiler (10) use high-frequency electromagnetic computer heating control system
System, the control system is used to ensure that temperature is constant, and its temperature difference is maintained at ± 3 DEG C, and heating position be provided with thermocouple with
Detection temperature simultaneously feeds back to control system.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that：Also include cooling system, the cooling system includes water pump
(18), cooling tower (19) and pond (20), water pump (18) are connected to cracking still (6) by pipeline, go out carbon system (7), condenser
(12) cooled the continual carry out periodical feeding in position needed for, then pond through cooling tower (19) is back to by reflux line
(20)。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610606090.8A CN106118707B (en) | 2016-07-28 | 2016-07-28 | Waste plastics innocent treatment equipment and method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610606090.8A CN106118707B (en) | 2016-07-28 | 2016-07-28 | Waste plastics innocent treatment equipment and method |
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| CN106118707B true CN106118707B (en) | 2017-10-27 |
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| CN106867553A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-06-20 | 衢州市鼎盛化工科技有限公司 | Realize equipment and its application for the treatment of in situ waste plastics |
| CN111500305B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2024-02-20 | 徐宗胜 | Waste plastic treatment equipment |
| CN111780118A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-10-16 | 北京化工大学 | High-efficient recovery of medical waste and utilization device |
| WO2023279019A1 (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2023-01-05 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Systems and methods for processing mixed plastic waste |
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| JP3288164B2 (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 2002-06-04 | 株式会社東芝 | Waste plastic pyrolysis equipment |
| KR100787958B1 (en) * | 2004-09-25 | 2007-12-31 | 구재완 | Successive pyrolysis system of waste synthetic-highly polymerized compound |
| GB2502126A (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2013-11-20 | Oil From Waste Ltd | Thermal decomposition of waste plastic |
| CN203582812U (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-05-07 | 姜林发 | Integrated dechlorination falling-film cracking device |
| CN104588402B (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2018-02-23 | 湖南鹞翔环保能源科技有限公司 | A kind of solid waste harmless treatment device and method |
| CN205917212U (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2017-02-01 | 徐效奇 | Waste plastics innocent treatment equipment |
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