CN106111714B - Heavy double-action reverse extruder main machine structure - Google Patents

Heavy double-action reverse extruder main machine structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106111714B
CN106111714B CN201610497416.8A CN201610497416A CN106111714B CN 106111714 B CN106111714 B CN 106111714B CN 201610497416 A CN201610497416 A CN 201610497416A CN 106111714 B CN106111714 B CN 106111714B
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China
Prior art keywords
perforation
cylinder
master cylinder
piston rod
gear
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CN106111714A (en
Inventor
谢东钢
侯永超
张君
段丽华
辛宏斌
成小乐
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China National Heavy Machinery Research Institute Co Ltd
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China National Heavy Machinery Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/21Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/21Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
    • B21C23/212Details

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to field of metallurgical equipment, and in particular to a kind of heavy type double-action reverse extruder main structure, including the back rest, pull rod pressing sleeve and the front-axle beam for forming main body prestress stent;The master cylinder of built-in perforation system is fixed on the back rest, perforation system rear end is provided with external machinery and determines needle;The main plunger and moving beam of master cylinder connect into an entirety;Master cylinder two sides are symmetrically arranged with 4 side cylinders, and two are piston cylinder, other two is plunger case;Main scissors is fixed on extrusion cylinder;Mold shaft is fixed on the mould bases of front-axle beam;The present invention is not only able to achieve reverse extrusion, but also friction and Extrusion may be implemented by the main machine structure of setting twin axle;Perforation system is placed in master cylinder inner cavity, keeps extruder compact-sized, setting external machinery determines needle, effectively improves and determines needle precision;Side cylinder is set on the outside of master cylinder, reduces the diameter of Main cylinder, keeps master cylinder easy to process;The cylinder telescopic oil tube that will perforate is external, being capable of reliability convenient to overhaul and improving equipment.

Description

Heavy double-action reverse extruder main machine structure
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metallurgical equipment, and in particular to a kind of heavy type double-action reverse extruder main structure.
Background technique
Country's indirect extrusion machine maximum tonnage is 60MN at present, the structure type without heavy indirect extrusion machine, and heavy crowded The design of press needs to consider multiple conditions and the middle-size and small-size reverse extrusions such as processing and manufacturing, installation and transportation and Long Service Life The structure of machine has very big difference.The heavy-duty of extruder is to squeeze one of the main trend of development, also just needs the double acting of heavy type Indirect extrusion machine structure type.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention in view of the defects existing in the prior art and insufficient, a kind of heavy double-action reverse is provided and is squeezed Machine host structure.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of heavy type double-action reverse extruder main structure, including the back rest, the pull rod for forming main body prestress stent Pressing sleeve and front-axle beam, which is characterized in that master cylinder is fixed on the back rest, built-in perforation system is located inside master cylinder, the perforation System Back-end is provided with external machinery and determines needle;
The main plunger of the master cylinder is connect with moving beam;Master cylinder two sides are symmetrically arranged with 4 side cylinders, and and moving beam It is connected;The master cylinder front end is provided with extrusion cylinder, and main scissors is fixed on the extrusion cylinder;It is fixed on the mould bases of the front-axle beam There is mold shaft.
Further, the side cylinder includes two piston cylinders and two plunger cases for being symmetricly set on master cylinder two sides, plunger Cylinder is arranged above piston cylinder.
Further, the perforation cylinder telescopic oil tube of the perforation system is symmetricly set on two side lower part of the back rest, and can be with Moving beam telescopic moving.
It further, further include 4 extrusion cylinder movable cylinders for being symmetricly set on master cylinder two sides.
Further, it includes: perforation piston rod, limit sleeve, perforation cylinder, pecker, aluminium ingot that the external machinery, which determines needle, And extrusion die, perforation cylinder is set in the master cylinder, master cylinder one end end position installs limit sleeve, along perforation cylinder interior axis Direction is provided with aluminium ingot and extrusion die;
Perforation piston rod one end end is fixedly connected pecker, and the perforation piston rod one end for being equipped with pecker is successively worn It crosses limit sleeve, master cylinder and perforation cylinder, the other end for piston rod of perforating and is set with gear assembly.
Further, the gear assembly includes hydraulic motor, pinion gear and gear wheel, and screw thread is arranged in gear wheel inner ring, Be screwed on perforation piston rod by screw thread, gear wheel outer ring is two cascaded surfaces, be respectively set on two cascaded surfaces the gear teeth and Axle sleeve, fixed hydraulic motor on axle sleeve, fixed pinion gear on hydraulic motor output shaft, the wheel of pinion gear and gear wheel outer ring Tooth engagement.
Further, one end of the perforation piston rod installation gear assembly is further sleeved with support wheel assembly, support wheel group Part is mounted on perforation system guide rail and can slide on the guideway;It is also equipped with drag chain sebific duct on the perforation system guide rail, The control cable of hydraulic motor is mounted in drag chain sebific duct.
Further, the support wheel assembly includes the fixing sleeve and support wheel covered on perforation piston rod, fixing sleeve Circumferentially locking anti-rotation, the outer lower part of fixing sleeve connect installation support by connector by flat key for inner wall and perforation piston rod outer wall Wheel, the support wheel are fallen on perforation system guide rail.
Further, the support wheel assembly is located at gear assembly outside end position, and in support wheel assembly outer end It is additionally provided with locking nut, which is mounted on perforation piston rod end position.
Further, sealing element is equipped between the master cylinder and perforation piston rod.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects: the master that the present invention passes through setting twin axle Machine structure is not only able to achieve reverse extrusion, but also friction and Extrusion may be implemented.By the way that perforation system is built in master cylinder inner cavity In, keep extruder compact-sized, and determine needle by the external machinery of setting rear end, effectively improves and determine needle precision.By Side cylinder is set on the outside of master cylinder, the diameter of Main cylinder can be reduced, keep master cylinder easy to process;By that will perforate outside cylinder telescopic oil tube Setting being capable of reliability convenient to overhaul and improving equipment.
Further, by setting two plunger cases and two piston cylinders for side cylinder, extruder is realized by piston cylinder Idle running fast forward through or retreat, can be significantly improved while meeting press extruding force squeeze idle running speed, be greatly decreased Dead cycle time realizes the efficient and rapid of heavy double-action reverse extruder.
Further, external in two side lower part of the back rest by the cylinder telescopic oil tube that will perforate, it is on the one hand convenient to overhaul, be conducive to Heavy type extruder pipe arrangement, still further aspect keep the back rest stress of heavy press more optimized.
Further, needle is determined by the way that external machinery is arranged, can adjust pecker machinery limit in real time according to process requirement Position position, as built in perforation system, mechanical to determine needle part external, reduces extruder frame length, improves housing rigidity, Make easy to maintenance, while also reducing equipment cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the main view of structure of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of structure of the invention.
Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 back rest cross-sectional view in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that external machinery of the present invention determines needle pressurizing unit structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is that external machinery of the present invention determines needle pressurizing unit operation schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that external machinery of the present invention determines the double acting extruding of needle.
Wherein: 1 is perforation system;2 be master cylinder;3 be the back rest;4 be main scissors;5 be extrusion cylinder;6 be mold shaft;7 be front-axle beam; 8 be perforation cylinder telescopic oil tube;9 be side cylinder;10 be pull rod pressing sleeve;11 be moving beam;
12 be locking nut;13 be support wheel assembly;14 be fixing sleeve;15 be hydraulic motor;16 be pinion gear;17 be big Gear;18 be drag chain sebific duct;19 be perforation piston rod;20 be perforation system guide rail;21 be limit sleeve;22 be sealing element;23 are Perforation cylinder;24 be pecker;25 be aluminium ingot;26 be extrusion die.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention includes: the back rest 3, pull rod pressing sleeve 10 and front-axle beam 7 for forming main body prestress stent;Institute It states and is fixed with master cylinder 2 on the back rest 3, built-in perforation system is located inside master cylinder, and 1 rear end of perforation system is provided with external machine Tool determines needle;Main scissors 4 is fixed on extrusion cylinder 5;Mold shaft 6 is fixed on the mould bases of the front-axle beam 7.
Referring to fig. 2, Fig. 3, the main plunger and moving beam 11 of master cylinder 2 connect into an entirety;2 two sides of master cylinder are symmetrical arranged There are 4 side cylinders 9, and is connected with moving beam 11;Side cylinder 9 includes two plunger cases and two for being symmetricly set on 2 two sides of master cylinder A piston cylinder;The plunger case is arranged above piston cylinder.The perforation cylinder telescopic oil tube 8 of the perforation system 1 is symmetricly set on 3 liang of side lower parts of the back rest.Main machine structure of the invention further includes 4 extrusion cylinder movable cylinders for being symmetricly set on 2 two sides of master cylinder.
- Fig. 5 referring to fig. 4, it includes: perforation piston rod 19, limit sleeve 21, perforation that external machinery provided by the invention, which determines needle, Cylinder 23, pecker 24, aluminium ingot 25 and extrusion die 26 are set with perforation cylinder 23,2 one end end position of master cylinder in the master cylinder 2 Limit sleeve 21 is installed, is sequentially installed with aluminium ingot 25 and extrusion die 26 along perforation 23 inside axis direction of cylinder;Perforation piston rod 19 One end end is fixedly connected pecker 24, be equipped with pecker 24 19 one end of perforation piston rod sequentially pass through limit sleeve 21, Master cylinder and perforation cylinder 23, the other end of perforation piston rod 19 are set with gear assembly.It is set between master cylinder 2 and perforation piston rod 19 There is sealing element 22.
The gear assembly includes hydraulic motor 15, pinion gear 16 and gear wheel 17, and screw thread is arranged in 17 inner ring of gear wheel, It is screwed on perforation piston rod 19 by screw thread, 17 outer ring of gear wheel is two cascaded surfaces, and wheel is respectively set on two cascaded surfaces Tooth and axle sleeve, fixed hydraulic motor 15 on axle sleeve, fixed pinion gear 16 on 15 output shaft of hydraulic motor, pinion gear 16 and big The gear teeth meshing of 17 outer ring of gear.One end that the perforation piston rod 19 installs gear assembly is further sleeved with support wheel assembly 13, Support wheel assembly 13 is mounted on perforation system guide rail 20 and can slide on the guideway;Also pacify on the perforation system guide rail 20 Equipped with drag chain sebific duct 18, the control cable of hydraulic motor 15 is mounted in drag chain sebific duct 18.
Support wheel assembly 13 include cover perforation piston rod 19 on fixing sleeve 14 and support wheel, 14 inner wall of fixing sleeve with wear By flat key, circumferentially locking anti-rotation, the outer lower part of fixing sleeve 14 connect installation support wheel by connector to 19 outer wall of hole piston rod, should Support wheel is fallen on perforation system guide rail 20.The support wheel assembly 13 is located at gear assembly outside end position, and is propping up Support 13 outer end of wheel assembly is additionally provided with locking nut 12, which is mounted on perforation 19 end position of piston rod.Into When row fixed pin squeezes, perforation system drives pecker 24 to advance, and pecker 24 advances while gear assembly rotation, passes through program The position of control adjustment gear assembly, the machinery positioning of pecker 24, perforation are carried out when gear assembly is contacted with limit sleeve 21 24 syringe needle of needle halts after entering 26 a distance of extrusion die, is achieved that fixed pin.
Squeeze when, due to frictional force of the aluminium ingot 25 to pecker 24 be it is forward, at this time by gear assembly and limit The contact of set 21, plays the role of machinery positioning to entire perforation system, realizes the pressing method that external mechanical determines needle.When When technique requires to need to change the position of pecker 24 during extruding, the position that need to only adjust gear assembly can be again Realize that machinery determines needle extruding.
Needle is determined in external mechanical of the invention, and the limit function cooperatively formed between gear assembly and limit sleeve 21 is crucial Part, be realize syringe needle enter the necessary parts stopped when mold certain position, with pecker 24 advance, hydraulic motor 15 Gear wheel 17 is driven to rotate with pinion gear 16, to adjust the position of gear wheel 17, until gear wheel 16 is contacted with limit sleeve 21, Perforation system is mechanically fixed.
One end that perforation piston rod 19 installs gear assembly is further sleeved with support wheel assembly 13, and support wheel assembly 13 is mounted on It can slide on perforation system guide rail 20 and on the guideway, in advancement, support wheel assembly 13 and perforation system guide rail 20 pairs of entire perforation systems play guiding role.Due to hydraulic motor 15, pinion gear 16, gear wheel 17, perforation system guide rail 20 Equal perforation systems component is respectively positioned on the outside of extruder, therefore overhauls and be easily serviced.
Support wheel assembly 13 include cover perforation piston rod 19 on fixing sleeve 14 and support wheel, 14 inner wall of fixing sleeve with wear By flat key, circumferentially locking anti-rotation, the outer lower part of fixing sleeve 14 connect installation support wheel by connector to 19 outer wall of hole piston rod, should Support wheel is fallen on perforation system guide rail 20.Support wheel assembly 13 is located at gear assembly outside end position, and in support wheel group 13 outer end of part is additionally provided with locking nut 12, which is mounted on perforation 19 end position of piston rod.
Drag chain sebific duct 18 is also installed, the control cable of hydraulic motor 15 is mounted on drag chain sebific duct on perforation system guide rail 20 In 18, it is similar to tank chain outside drag chain sebific duct 18, is made of numerous unit links, is rotated freely between link, identical series Interior high, the outer height of drag chain, pitch are identical, and drag chain inner width, radius of curvature R can have different selections, and unit chain link is by left and right carrier bar It is formed with upper and lower cover plates, the every section of drag chain can be opened, is convenient to mount and dismount, it is not necessary to thread, cable can be put into and be dragged after opening cover board Chain, drag chain sebific duct 18 can play the role of protection to the cable of hydraulic motor 15.It is equipped between master cylinder 2 and perforation piston rod 19 Sealing element 22 can prevent hydraulic oil from leaking out between perforation piston rod 19 and master cylinder 2.
At work, when needle extruding is fixed, before built-in perforation system driving perforation piston rod 19 and pecker 24 Into the stopping when syringe needle enters mold certain position.In advancement, support wheel assembly 13 and perforation system guide rail 20 right Entire perforation system plays guiding role.When pecker 24 advances, hydraulic motor 15 and pinion gear 16 drive gear wheel 17 to revolve Turn, to adjust the position of gear wheel 17, until gear wheel 17 is contacted with limit sleeve 21, perforation system is mechanically fixed.? When being squeezed, aluminium ingot 25 is flowed along the direction of extrusion, and pecker 24 remains stationary, by aluminium ingot 25 known to force analysis to wearing The frictional force of hole needle 24 be it is forward, gear wheel 17 overcomes this forward power, to entire under the action of limit sleeve 21 at this time Perforation system plays the role of machinery positioning, realizes the pressing method that external mechanical determines needle.When technique requires to need squeezing During when changing the position of pecker 24, it is only necessary to gear wheel 17, adjustment gear wheel 17 are rotated by hydraulic motor 15 Position can realize that machinery determines needle extruding again.
When heavy double-action reverse extruder of the invention works, master cylinder 2 drives moving beam 11 by blank holding to mold shaft After on 6;Then master cylinder 2 remains stationary, extrusion cylinder 5 advance by blank all include in it after remain stationary, perforation system 1 at this time Start to perforate under the fuel feeding effect of perforation oil cylinder telescopic oil tube 8, after the completion of perforation, the progress pressure maintaining of perforation system 1 is motionless, main Cylinder 2, moving beam 11 and extrusion cylinder 5 synchronize start extruding movement, after the completion of extruding, 1 release of perforation system is retreated, and master cylinder 2 exists It is retreated under the action of two piston cylinders of side cylinder 9, extrusion cylinder 5 advances to defective material exposing, and main scissors 4 starts to shear defective material, shearing After the completion, extrusion cylinder 5 is retreated to initial position, and double-action reverse extruder heavy in this way completes an extrusion process.
The present invention uses the main machine structure form of twin axle;Perforation system is built in master cylinder, perforation system rear end band External machinery determines needle;Using four side cylinder structures, two of them are plunger case, and two are piston cylinder;Perforation cylinder telescopic oil tube It is arranged in back rest outer lower portion;Four extrusion cylinder movable cylinders are arranged on the back rest.
The main machine structure of twin axle of the invention is not only able to achieve reverse extrusion, but also effective friction and Extrusion may be implemented; Extruder can be made compact-sized built in perforation system, what rear-mounted machinery determined that needle can be improved fixed pin determines needle precision;Four Side cylinder can reduce the diameter of Main cylinder so that master cylinder it is easy to process, assembly and transport, four two, side cylinder for plunger case, Two can be improved extruding idle running speed for piston cylinder, reduce dead cycle time;To perforate, cylinder telescopic oil tube is external to facilitate inspection It has and is conducive to pipe arrangement, while keeping the stress of the back rest more optimized.
Meanwhile the external machinery in the present invention determines needle, is not only suitable for backward double-acting extruding, while being also applied for positive double It is dynamic to squeeze, that is, it is suitable for medium and small swaging machine, while being also applied for heavy press.The perforation system being related in the embodiment of the present invention It is driven to fluid power system employed in driving perforation piston rod 19, belongs to the prior art, all drivings in existing method Process in the present invention be applicable in, do not elaborate herein.
In conclusion this external machinery of the invention determines needle pressurizing unit, medium and small swaging machine is not only can be used for but also can To be used for large press, pecker mechanical position limitation position can be adjusted in real time according to process requirement, as built in perforation system, machine It is external that tool determines needle part, reduces extruder frame length, improves housing rigidity, makes easy to maintenance, while also reducing and setting Standby cost.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of heavy type double-action reverse extruder main structure, including the back rest (3), the pull rod for forming main body prestress stent Pressing sleeve (10) and front-axle beam (7), which is characterized in that be fixed with master cylinder (2) on the back rest (3), built-in perforation system (1) is located at master Cylinder (2) is internal, and perforation system (1) rear end is provided with external machinery and determines needle;
The main plunger of the master cylinder (2) is connect with moving beam (11);Master cylinder (2) two sides are symmetrically arranged with 4 side cylinders (9), and It is connected with moving beam (11);Master cylinder (2) front end is provided with extrusion cylinder (5), and master is fixed on the extrusion cylinder (5) and is cut Knife (4);Mold shaft (6) are fixed on the mould bases of the front-axle beam (7).
2. a kind of heavy double-action reverse extruder main structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the side cylinder It (9) include two piston cylinders and two plunger cases for being symmetricly set on master cylinder (2) two sides, plunger case is arranged above piston cylinder.
3. a kind of heavy double-action reverse extruder main structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the perforation system The perforation cylinder telescopic oil tube (8) of system (1) is symmetricly set on (3) two side lower part of the back rest, and can move with moving beam (11) are flexible It is dynamic.
4. a kind of heavy double-action reverse extruder main structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include 4 It is symmetricly set on the extrusion cylinder movable cylinder of master cylinder (2) two sides.
5. a kind of heavy double-action reverse extruder main structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the external It includes: perforation piston rod (19), limit sleeve (21), perforation cylinder (23), pecker (24), aluminium ingot (25) and extrusion die that machinery, which determines needle, Have (26), perforation cylinder (23) is set in the master cylinder (2), master cylinder (2) one end end position installs limit sleeve (21), along perforation The internal axis direction of cylinder (23) is provided with aluminium ingot (25) and extrusion die (26);
Perforation piston rod (19) one end end is fixedly connected pecker (24), is equipped with the perforation piston rod of pecker (24) (19) one end sequentially passes through limit sleeve (21), master cylinder (2) and perforation cylinder (23), and the other end suit of perforation piston rod (19) is with teeth Wheel assembly.
6. a kind of heavy double-action reverse extruder main structure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the gear set Part includes hydraulic motor (15), pinion gear (16) and gear wheel (17), and gear wheel (17) inner ring is arranged screw thread, is screwed on by screw thread In perforation piston rod (19), gear wheel (17) outer ring is two cascaded surfaces, and the gear teeth and axle sleeve are respectively set on two cascaded surfaces, Fixed hydraulic motor (15) on axle sleeve, fixed pinion gear (16) on hydraulic motor (15) output shaft, pinion gear (16) and big The gear teeth meshing of gear (17) outer ring.
7. a kind of heavy double-action reverse extruder main structure according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that described to wear One end of hole piston rod (19) installation gear assembly is further sleeved with support wheel assembly (13), and support wheel assembly (13) is mounted on perforation It can slide on system guideways (20) and on the guideway;Drag chain sebific duct (18) are also equipped on the perforation system guide rail (20), The control cable of hydraulic motor (15) is mounted in drag chain sebific duct (18).
8. a kind of heavy double-action reverse extruder main structure according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the support Wheel assembly (13) includes the fixing sleeve (14) and support wheel covered in perforation piston rod (19), and fixing sleeve (14) inner wall and perforation are lived By flat key, circumferentially locking anti-rotation, fixing sleeve (14) outer lower part connect installation support wheel by connector to stopper rod (19) outer wall, should Support wheel is fallen on perforation system guide rail (20).
9. a kind of heavy double-action reverse extruder main structure according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the support Wheel assembly (13) is located at gear assembly outside end position, and is additionally provided with locking nut in support wheel assembly (13) outer end (12), which is mounted on perforation piston rod (19) end position.
10. a kind of heavy double-action reverse extruder main structure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the master cylinder (2) sealing element (22) are equipped between perforation piston rod (19).
CN201610497416.8A 2016-06-29 2016-06-29 Heavy double-action reverse extruder main machine structure Active CN106111714B (en)

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CN110404995A (en) * 2019-06-27 2019-11-05 恩平市华南重工科技有限公司 A kind of extruder and its constant-power control method using it
CN110860573B (en) * 2019-10-08 2021-06-01 太重(天津)滨海重型机械有限公司 Reverse extruder and stroke limiting device thereof

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