CN106107252B - A kind of silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm and preparation method thereof improving thin hair rate - Google Patents
A kind of silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm and preparation method thereof improving thin hair rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN106107252B CN106107252B CN201610591064.2A CN201610591064A CN106107252B CN 106107252 B CN106107252 B CN 106107252B CN 201610591064 A CN201610591064 A CN 201610591064A CN 106107252 B CN106107252 B CN 106107252B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm and preparation method thereof for improving thin hair rate, raw material components and its mass percentage composition are as follows: mulberry leaf powder 40~50%, second alcohol and water extracts soy meal 25~35% twice, Sang Lvzhi powder 4~5%, starch 9~16%, compound VB1.5~2%, VC1~2%, citric acid 2~3%, dextrin 1~2%, the soy meal that silkworm artificial feed of the invention is extracted twice using second alcohol and water prepares man-made feeds and adds dextrin in feed, can significantly improve thin hair rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm and preparation method thereof for improving thin hair rate, belong to cultured insect use
Field of feed.
Background technique
It is the epoch-making new technology of sericulture history the next item up that silkworm artificial feed, which educates silkworm, can not be limited by season and weather,
Feed is sterilized sterile, quality controllable, also more meets the food-safe needs of people, and the machine produced of breeding silkworms may be implemented
Tool, batch production improve production efficiency.The research of China's artificial diet for young silkworm start from the 1970s, but due to it is a variety of because
Element restricts, and so far, man-made feeds sericulture is still in laboratory and rural area pilot phase.
Silkworm is evaluation silkworm artificial feed, cultivated silkworm breed variety to the ration size of man-made feeds and promotes man-made feeds sericulture skill
One of key index of art.Zhang Shengxiang System Approach thin hair rate, silkworm rate, 168h survival rate, 3 age hibernating worm bodies from 2 age of 96h for 24 hours
The effect of equal selective goals again；Li Weiguo etc. is the study found that when higher appropriate to the occasion use of man-made feeds bean powder content " is collected ants and dredged for 24 hours
Hair rate " is selective goal.Long 2~the 3mm of newly-hatched silkworm body and the whole body are covered with bristle, and body colour is brown or black, and body becomes larger after feeding,
Body colour shoals, which is known as " thin hair ".When " thin hair rate for 24 hours of collecting ants " collects ants for 24 hours, 1 age silkworm thin hair head number Zhan always collects ants
The percentage of head number." thin hair rate for 24 hours of collecting ants " is to reflect silkworm to the investigation index of man-made feeds ration size.Therefore, feed is matched
Side is one of the principal element for influencing silkworm artificial feed and promoting in China, the Different Individual of different silkworm races or same Silkworm varieties
There is very big difference, cenospecies and Japanese kind in terms of feeding habits and middle system's kind is better than to the ration size of man-made feeds.It is real
Found in the application of border, be formulated using existing silkworm artificial feed, it is generally lower to will lead to thin hair rate, especially in be kind.
Research has shown that silkworm is factor-related to the ration size and feed chemical composition etc. of man-made feeds, and ration size is poor
Silkworm to the relative adaptability of man-made feeds improved by age.Defatted soy flour is the excellent protein sources of silkworm, is to prepare people
The important source material of work feed, but in soy meal containing to silkworm ingest and growth and development has dysgenic Inherited movement substance, but
For the ingredient of Inherited movement substance so far still without final conclusion, minimizing technology then thinks that methanol, ethyl alcohol, hot water etc., which can be used, extract and can remove
Deterrent substance of partially ingesting is removed, improves silkworm to the ration size of man-made feeds, promotes its growth and development, but methanol has human body
Injury, poor operability, the simple effect using ethyl alcohol or hot water extraction are also not ideal enough, still will affect ingesting and giving birth to for silkworm
Long development.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provide it is a kind of improve thin hair rate silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm and its preparation
Method.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm improving thin hair rate, raw material components and its mass percentage composition are as follows: mulberry leaf
Powder 40~50%, extraction soy meal 25~35%, Sang Lvzhi powder 4~5%, starch 9~16%, compound VB1.5~2%, VC1~
2%, citric acid 2~3%, dextrin 1~2%, the sum of each component mass percent is absolutely；
The extraction soy meal is that defatted soy flour is obtained using progress hot water extraction after the extraction of ethyl alcohol intermittent stirring.
Currently preferred, the extraction soy meal is prepared as follows to obtain:
(1) defatted soy flour is crushed to 0.1~0.2mm, is stirred and is extracted with 70~95% ethyl alcohol intermittence of mass concentration, takes off
The w/v of rouge soy meal and ethyl alcohol are as follows: 1:10~1:20, unit: g/mL；40~60 DEG C of Extracting temperature, when stirring and leaching
Between 4~12h, low temperature drying after filtering；
(2) it is then extracted with 40~60 DEG C of hot water, the w/v of defatted soy flour and hot water are as follows: 1:10~1:20,
Unit: g/mL；3~8min of stirring and leaching time, centrifugation removal supernatant, low temperature drying, after crushing to obtain the final product.
Currently preferred, it is 1~3 time that above-mentioned steps (1) ethyl alcohol intermittence, which stirs extraction time,.
Currently preferred, above-mentioned steps (1), (2) low temperature drying time are 30~50 DEG C.
It is currently preferred, a kind of silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm improving thin hair rate, raw material components and its mass percent
Form as follows: mulberry leaf powder 45~50%, extraction soy meal 30~35%, Sang Lvzhi powder 4.5~5%, starch 10~12% are compound
VB1.5~1.8%, VC1~2%, citric acid 2~3%, dextrin 1~2%.
A currently preferred technical solution, it is a kind of improve thin hair rate silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm, raw material components and
Its mass percentage composition is as follows: mulberry leaf powder 45%, extraction soy meal 30%, Sang Lvzhi powder 5%, and starch 13% is compound
VB1.5%, VC1.5%, citric acid 2%, dextrin 2%.
Currently preferred, the starch is cornstarch, and the dextrin is maltodextrin.
The extraction soy meal that the present invention uses can improve silkworm to the ration size of man-made feeds, promote the life of silkworm young silkworm
Long development improves the thin hair rate for 24 hours that silkworm artificial feed educates, present inventors have unexpectedly found that using extraction soy meal and paste of the invention
Essence compounding after have synergistic effect, make for 24 hours thin hair rate greatly improve, between entire composition each component play synergistic effect, much
Greater than the effect for containing only extraction soy meal or dextrin.
By said components plus 1.8~2 times of clear water, after stirring is mixed well after pack encapsulation, then cures sterilizing, is after cooling
Silkworm artificial feed of the invention.
The preparation method of the silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm of above-mentioned raising thin hair rate, includes the following steps:
1) 60~90 meshes be crushed after drying fresh mulberry leaf, mulberry leaf powder is made, fresh Sang Lvse branch is passed through
It crushed 60~90 meshes after drying, Sang Lvzhi powder be made；
2) defatted soy flour is crushed to 0.1~0.2mm, is stirred and is extracted with 70~95% ethyl alcohol intermittence of mass concentration, takes off
The w/v of rouge soy meal and ethyl alcohol are as follows: 1:10~1:20, unit: g/mL；40~60 DEG C of Extracting temperature, when stirring and leaching
Between 4~12h, low temperature drying after filtering；Then it is extracted with 40~60 DEG C of hot water, the w/v of defatted soy flour and hot water
Are as follows: 1:10~1:20, unit: g/mL；3~8min of stirring and leaching time, centrifugation removal supernatant, low temperature drying, after crushing
It is spare to extract soy meal；
3) mulberry leaf powder, Sang Lvzhi powder are mixed with extraction soy meal, starch, compound VB, VC, citric acid, dextrin, is made mixed
Material is closed, 1.8~2 times of mixed material quality of clear water is added and mixes thoroughly, wet stock is made, wet stock is packed into polyethylene plastic bag
In, wet stock is pressed into the tabular of thickness 3mm~4mm, is sterilized 40~60min after sealing in 95~100 DEG C of curings, it is naturally cold
But up to silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm of the invention after.
Currently preferred, the polyethylene plastic bag uses 20~25cm × 10~20cm polyethylene plastic bag.
It is currently preferred, per packed 90~120g of wet stock, the moisture content 65%~67% of wet stock.
Above-mentioned silkworm artificial feed is placed in by the application of above-mentioned silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm for the raising of silkworm young silkworm
Then culture dish bottom is collected ants in 30~31 DEG C of temperature, is raised under dark condition.
The present invention has the advantage that
The thin hair rate for 24 hours that silkworm artificial feed educates can be improved in silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated below with reference to embodiment, but institute's protection scope of the present invention is without being limited thereto.
Raw material in embodiment without specified otherwise is regular market purchase product.
Embodiment 1
A kind of silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm improving thin hair rate, raw material components and its mass percentage composition are as follows: mulberry leaf
Powder 45% extracts soy meal 30%, green branch powder 5%, starch 13%, compound VB1.5%, VC1.5%, citric acid 2%, dextrin
2%.
Preparation method, steps are as follows:
(1) 80 meshes be crushed after drying fresh mulberry leaf, mulberry leaf powder is made, by fresh Sang Lvse branch through drying
After crushed 80 meshes, be made Sang Lvzhi powder；
(2) defatted soy flour is crushed to 0.1~0.2mm, is stirred and is extracted with 70~95% ethyl alcohol intermittence of mass concentration, takes off
The w/v of rouge soy meal and ethyl alcohol are as follows: 1:10~1:20, unit: g/mL；50 DEG C of Extracting temperature, the stirring and leaching time
8h, low temperature drying after filtering；
(3) it is then extracted with 50 DEG C of hot water, the w/v of defatted soy flour and hot water are as follows: 1:10~1:20, unit:
g/mL；It is spare must to extract soy meal after crushing for stirring and leaching time 5min, centrifugation removal supernatant, low temperature drying；
(4) mulberry leaf powder, Sang Lvzhi powder are mixed with soy meal, starch, compound VB, VC, citric acid, dextrin, mixing is made
Material is added 1.8 times of mixed material quality of clear water and mixes thoroughly, and wet stock is uniformly made in agitated reconciliation, and wet stock is packed into
In 25cm × 17cm polyethylene plastic bag, wet stock is pressed into the tabular of thickness 3mm, after sealing by every bag of wet stock weight 100g
Up to silkworm artificial feed after 100 DEG C of curings sterilizing 50min, natural cooling；
Silkworm young silkworm is raised using the silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm of the present embodiment, feeding Silkworm varieties are that middle system's kind Shandong 17 is former
Kind, method for breeding, artificial diet rearing trial zone is raised using 5cm culture dish, is collected ants and is educated with 1 age using plate, by what is cured
Feed is cut into culture dish size, is put into culture dish, and feed is flattened and is collected ants after eliminating gap.30 DEG C of rearing temperature, light is adopted
It is raised with dark, investigates thin hair rate for 24 hours.
Embodiment 2
A kind of silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm improving thin hair rate, raw material components and its mass percentage composition are as follows: mulberry leaf
Powder 45% extracts soy meal 30%, green branch powder 5%, starch 14%, compound VB1.5%, VC1.5%, citric acid 2%, dextrin
1%.
Preparation method and rearing method are the same as embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1
A kind of silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm improving thin hair rate, raw material components and its mass percentage composition are as follows: mulberry leaf
Powder 45% extracts soy meal 30%, green branch powder 5%, starch 15%, compound VB1.5%, VC1.5%, citric acid 2%.
Preparation method and rearing method are the same as embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
A kind of silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm, raw material components and its mass percentage composition with embodiment 1, the difference is that
Soy meal is common soybeans powder.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for remaining.
Comparative example 3
A kind of silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm, raw material components and its mass percent with embodiment 1, the difference is that: it is big
Bean powder is only with hot water extraction, i.e., without the step (2) in embodiment 1, defatted soy flour directly carries out step (3), remaining
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.
Comparative example 4
With embodiment 1, difference exists for a kind of silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm, raw material components and its mass percentage composition
In soy meal is extracted only with methanol, i.e., step (2) is with embodiment 1, but changes ethyl alcohol into methanol, without in embodiment 1
The step of (3), the preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for remaining.
Comparative example 5
A kind of silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm, raw material components and its mass percentage composition with embodiment 1,
The difference is that soy meal only with alcohol steep, i.e., without the step (3) in embodiment 1, remaining is prepared
Method is the same as embodiment 1.
Comparative example 6
A kind of silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm is free of dextrin in the component, and uses common soybeans powder.
Raw material components and its mass percentage composition are as follows: mulberry leaf powder 45%, common soybeans powder 30%, green branch powder 5%, form sediment
Powder 15%, compound VB1.5%, VC1.5%, citric acid 2%.
In addition to without (2) (3) step in embodiment 1, the preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for remaining.
Experimental example
Silkworm young silkworm is raised using the silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm of Examples 1 to 2 and comparative example 1~6, according to embodiment 1
Rearing method and condition raise silkworm young silkworm.Thin hair rate for 24 hours is investigated respectively, and investigation result is shown in Table 1.
It is the rate of thin hair for 24 hours (%) of kind Shandong 17 in table 1
The thin hair rate of embodiment 1,2 is above comparative example as can be seen from the above table.Comparative example 6 is using common commercially available soybean
Powder, and in component be free of dextrin, thin hair rate is minimum, in soy meal containing to silkworm ingest and growth and development has dysgenic object
Matter affects the thin hair rate of silkworm, and comparative example 3,4,5 is for comparative example 6, although improving thin hair to a certain extent
Rate, but it is much smaller than the thin hair rate of the embodiment of the present invention 1,2, comparative example 3 is only with hot water extraction soy meal, and comparative example 4
Using methanol extract soy meal, comparative example 5 only with alcohol steep soy meal, still containing to silkworm ingest and growth and development has not
The Inherited movement substance of good influence, this is because Inherited movement substance removes not in soy meal only with hot water, methanol or alcohol steep
Thoroughly, thin hair rate is affected；Comparative example 1 extracts soy meal using ethyl alcohol and hot water twice, thin hair rate be higher than comparative example 3,4,5,
6, illustrate that extracting effect is significantly better than simple ethyl alcohol, methanol, hot water extraction twice, comparative example 2 is added to dextrin, and thin hair rate is high
In comparative example 6, lower than comparative example 3,4,5 only with methanol, ethyl alcohol, hot water extraction soy meal, illustrating to add dextrin can be
Thin hair rate is improved to a certain extent, but effect, not as good as methanol, ethyl alcohol, hot water extraction soy meal is used, to sum up comparative analysis is real
Apply example 1,2 thin hair rate highests, illustrate that extraction soy meal with dextrin has compounded synergistic effect, make for 24 hours thin hair rate improve, entire group
It closes and plays synergistic effect between object each component, be far longer than the effect for containing only extraction soy meal or dextrin.In conclusion passing through
Thin hair rate comparative analysis for 24 hours, the soy meal that the present invention is extracted twice using second alcohol and water are prepared man-made feeds and are added in feed
Add dextrin, thin hair rate can be significantly improved.
In addition, being used after first using ethyl alcohol when being extracted using second alcohol and water in above-described embodiment and comparative example
Water carries out, this is from the rear preferred side that can effectively remove the remaining angle of the ethyl alcohol first used using water and use
Case.To those skilled in the art, the leach extraction method different using sequence according to above scheme, can similarly obtain better than biography
The technical effect of system method, it will not be described here, such, carries out sequence of steps adjustment to above-mentioned technical proposal, component contains
Amount adjustment etc. changes or replacement equally belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm for improving thin hair rate, raw material components and its mass percentage composition are as follows: mulberry leaf powder
40~50%, extract soy meal 25~35%, Sang Lvzhi powder 4~5%, starch 9~16%, compound VB1.5~2%, VC1~2%, lemon
Acid 2~3%, dextrin 1~2%, the sum of each component mass percent are absolutely；
The extraction soy meal is prepared as follows to obtain:
(1) defatted soy flour is crushed to 0.1~0.2 mm, is stirred and is extracted with 70~95% ethyl alcohol intermittence of mass concentration, and degreasing is big
The w/v of bean powder and ethyl alcohol is 1:10~1:20, unit: g/mL；Extracting temperature is 40~60 DEG C, the stirring and leaching time
For 4~12 h, low temperature drying after filtering；Ethyl alcohol intermittence extraction time is 1~3 time, and interval time is 3~5 min, and low temperature is dry
The dry time is 30~50 DEG C；
(2) it is then extracted with 40~60 DEG C of hot water, the w/v of defatted soy flour and hot water is 1:10~1:20, unit:
g/mL；The stirring and leaching time is 3~8 min, is centrifuged and removes supernatant, low temperature drying, after crushing to obtain the final product；
The starch is cornstarch, and the dextrin is maltodextrin.
2. it is according to claim 1 improve thin hair rate silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm, which is characterized in that raw material components and its
Mass percentage composition is as follows: mulberry leaf powder 45~50%, extraction soy meal 30~35%, Sang Lvzhi powder 4.5~5%, and starch 10~
12%, compound VB1.5~1.8%, VC1~2%, citric acid 2~3%, dextrin 1~2%.
3. it is according to claim 1 improve thin hair rate silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm, which is characterized in that raw material components and its
Mass percentage composition is as follows: mulberry leaf powder 45%, extraction soy meal 30%, Sang Lvzhi powder 5%, starch 13%, compound VB1.5%,
VC1.5%, citric acid 2%, dextrin 2%.
4. the preparation method of the silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm described in claim 1 for improving thin hair rate, includes the following steps:
1) 60~90 meshes be crushed after drying fresh mulberry leaf, mulberry leaf powder is made, by fresh Sang Lvse branch through drying
After crushed 60~90 meshes, be made Sang Lvzhi powder；
2) defatted soy flour is crushed to 0.1~0.2 mm, is stirred and is extracted with 70~95% ethyl alcohol intermittence of mass concentration, and degreasing is big
The w/v of bean powder and ethyl alcohol is 1:10~1:20, unit: g/mL；Extracting temperature is 40~60 DEG C, the stirring and leaching time 4
~12h, low temperature drying after filtering；Then it is extracted with 40~60 DEG C of hot water, the w/v of defatted soy flour and hot water is 1:
10~1:20, unit: g/mL；The stirring and leaching time is 3~8 min, and centrifugation removes supernatant, and low temperature drying must soak after crushing
It is spare to mention soy meal；
3) mulberry leaf powder, Sang Lvzhi powder are mixed with extraction soy meal, starch, compound VB, VC, citric acid, dextrin, mixture is made
Material is added 1.8~2 times of mixed material quality of clear water and mixes thoroughly, wet stock is made, wet stock is fitted into polyethylene plastic bag,
Wet stock is pressed into the tabular of thickness 3 mm~4 mm, is sterilized 40~60 min after sealing in 95~100 DEG C of curings, it is naturally cold
But up to silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm after.
5. the preparation method of the silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm according to claim 4 for improving thin hair rate, which is characterized in that institute
The polyethylene plastic bag stated uses 20~25 cm × 10~20 cm polyethylene plastic bag, per packed 90~120 g of wet stock,
The moisture content 65%~67% of wet stock.
6. the application of the silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm described in claim 1 for improving thin hair rate will for the raising of silkworm young silkworm
Silkworm artificial diet for young silkworm is placed in container bottom, then collects ants in 30~31 DEG C of temperature, is raised under dark condition.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104719680A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-06-24 | 山东省蚕业研究所 | Artificial feed for silkworms and its production method |
| CN105053572A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-11-18 | 保定冀中药业有限公司 | Traditional Chinese medicinal extract feed additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN105211667A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-01-06 | 潘成明 | One educates silkworm feed |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105211667A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-01-06 | 潘成明 | One educates silkworm feed |
| CN104719680A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-06-24 | 山东省蚕业研究所 | Artificial feed for silkworms and its production method |
| CN105053572A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-11-18 | 保定冀中药业有限公司 | Traditional Chinese medicinal extract feed additive and preparation method thereof |
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