CN106104968B - 用于减小针对无线电感电力传送的极化线圈系统的发射的系统和方法 - Google Patents

用于减小针对无线电感电力传送的极化线圈系统的发射的系统和方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN106104968B
CN106104968B CN201580012121.0A CN201580012121A CN106104968B CN 106104968 B CN106104968 B CN 106104968B CN 201580012121 A CN201580012121 A CN 201580012121A CN 106104968 B CN106104968 B CN 106104968B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
coil
region
magnetic flux
radius
electric vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201580012121.0A
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN106104968A (zh
Inventor
D·屈施纳
M·维尔纳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WiTricity Corp
Original Assignee
WiTricity Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WiTricity Corp filed Critical WiTricity Corp
Publication of CN106104968A publication Critical patent/CN106104968A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN106104968B publication Critical patent/CN106104968B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/14Inductive couplings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/122Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/124Detection or removal of foreign bodies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/126Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/005Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/60Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/90Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12Electric charging stations
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14Plug-in electric vehicles

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
CN201580012121.0A 2014-03-04 2015-02-19 用于减小针对无线电感电力传送的极化线圈系统的发射的系统和方法 Active CN106104968B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201461947919P 2014-03-04 2014-03-04
US61/947,919 2014-03-04
US14/464,567 US10003217B2 (en) 2014-03-04 2014-08-20 System and method for reducing emissions for polarized coil systems for wireless inductive power transfer
US14/464,567 2014-08-20
PCT/US2015/016644 WO2015134199A2 (en) 2014-03-04 2015-02-19 System and method for reducing emissions for polarized coil systems for wireless inductive power transfer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106104968A CN106104968A (zh) 2016-11-09
CN106104968B true CN106104968B (zh) 2019-07-23

Family

ID=54018359

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201580012121.0A Active CN106104968B (zh) 2014-03-04 2015-02-19 用于减小针对无线电感电力传送的极化线圈系统的发射的系统和方法

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US10003217B2 (enExample)
EP (1) EP3114696A2 (enExample)
JP (1) JP2017517866A (enExample)
KR (1) KR20160130393A (enExample)
CN (1) CN106104968B (enExample)
WO (1) WO2015134199A2 (enExample)

Families Citing this family (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9991731B2 (en) * 2012-09-05 2018-06-05 Renesas Electronics Corporation Non-contact charging device with wireless communication antenna coil for data transfer and electric power transmitting antenna coil for transfer of electric power, and non-contact power supply system using same
JP2015015452A (ja) * 2013-06-06 2015-01-22 Tdk株式会社 ワイヤレス電力伝送用コイル装置
US9923406B2 (en) * 2015-09-04 2018-03-20 Qualcomm Incorporated System and method for reducing leakage flux in wireless charging systems
US9889754B2 (en) 2014-09-09 2018-02-13 Qualcomm Incorporated System and method for reducing leakage flux in wireless electric vehicle charging systems
CN107210126A (zh) * 2014-09-11 2017-09-26 奥克兰联合服务有限公司 具有受控磁通抵消的磁通耦合结构
JP6060195B2 (ja) * 2015-03-06 2017-01-11 本田技研工業株式会社 車両駐車制御装置
WO2016205508A1 (en) * 2015-06-16 2016-12-22 Apple Inc. Wireless charging station
WO2017023080A1 (ko) * 2015-08-04 2017-02-09 주식회사 아모센스 차량용 무선전력 송신모듈
US10755190B2 (en) * 2015-12-21 2020-08-25 D-Wave Systems Inc. Method of fabricating an electrical filter for use with superconducting-based computing systems
US9969282B2 (en) 2016-03-25 2018-05-15 Qualcomm Incorporated Systems and methods for thermal management in wireless power transfer
GB2570989B (en) 2016-05-03 2020-12-02 D Wave Systems Inc Systems and methods for superconducting devices used in superconducting circuits and scalable computing
US10404100B2 (en) 2016-06-15 2019-09-03 Witricity Corporation Double-D based pad magnetics for reduced emissions in flush mounted and buried wireless power transfer applications
WO2018151610A1 (en) * 2017-02-14 2018-08-23 Aiguo Hu Inductive power transfer
WO2018150008A1 (de) * 2017-02-20 2018-08-23 Thyssenkrupp Ag Achsantriebseinheit mit bremsanlage, antriebsachse und kraftfahrzeug
KR102353513B1 (ko) * 2017-03-16 2022-01-20 주식회사 히타치엘지 데이터 스토리지 코리아 회전 거리 측정 장치
US10469119B2 (en) * 2017-05-25 2019-11-05 Spigen Korea Co., Ltd. Magnetic mount for electronic devices
US12224788B2 (en) 2017-05-25 2025-02-11 Spigen Korea Co., Ltd. Magnetic auxiliary devices for mobile devices
US12191902B2 (en) 2017-05-25 2025-01-07 Spigen Korea Co., Ltd. Mobile electronic device cases for electromagnetic shielding
EP3679639B1 (en) * 2017-09-06 2023-11-01 Wireless Advanced Vehicle Electrification, Inc. Wireless power transfer pad with ferrite chimney
KR102122392B1 (ko) * 2017-09-18 2020-06-12 주식회사 아모센스 자기장 차폐시트 및 이를 포함하는 무선전력 전송모듈
IT201800003765A1 (it) * 2018-03-20 2018-06-20 Renzo Armellin Modulatore energizzante nello spazio e nel tempo per l'alimentazione di un mezzo di trasporto elettrico e tutti gli utilizzatori fissi, mobili, portatili.
EP3771071A4 (en) * 2018-03-22 2022-03-16 LG Electronics Inc. WIRELESS CHARGING PAD AND WIRELESS CHARGER
JP7381495B2 (ja) 2018-05-16 2023-11-15 ディー-ウェイブ システムズ インコーポレイテッド 超伝導回路内において装置をアドレス指定するシステム及び方法。
US11105866B2 (en) 2018-06-05 2021-08-31 D-Wave Systems Inc. Dynamical isolation of a cryogenic processor
US11839164B2 (en) 2019-08-19 2023-12-05 D-Wave Systems Inc. Systems and methods for addressing devices in a superconducting circuit
KR102679823B1 (ko) * 2019-09-06 2024-07-03 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 배터리 시스템 및 배터리 시스템의 제어방법
KR102755493B1 (ko) * 2019-11-20 2025-01-17 에스케이씨 주식회사 무선충전 패드, 무선충전 장치, 및 이를 포함하는 전기 자동차
US12373167B2 (en) * 2020-01-27 2025-07-29 1372934 B.C. Ltd. Systems and methods for variable bandwidth annealing
KR102439634B1 (ko) * 2020-08-27 2022-09-05 에스케이씨 주식회사 무선 전력 수신 장치, 무선 전력 송신 장치 및 무선 전력 송수신 장치
US12470087B1 (en) 2021-03-30 2025-11-11 Apple Inc. Magnetics configurations for wireless power transfer and communications in electronic device
US12463464B2 (en) 2021-03-30 2025-11-04 Apple Inc. Magnetics configurations for wireless power transfer and communications in electronic device
US12388452B2 (en) 2021-11-03 2025-08-12 1372934 B.C. Ltd. Systems and methods for duty cycle compensation of a digital to analog converter (DAC)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103107008A (zh) * 2011-11-10 2013-05-15 翰林Postech株式会社 电力传输线圈及无线电力传输装置
CN101522460B (zh) * 2006-10-11 2013-07-17 蒂森克鲁伯快速运输有限公司 带有接收器线圈的、用于无接触地传递电能的接收单元及其制造方法

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9130395B2 (en) * 2008-12-12 2015-09-08 Hanrim Postech Co., Ltd. Non-contact charging station with planar spiral power transmission coil and method for controlling the same
CN102362406B (zh) 2009-02-05 2016-01-13 奥克兰联合服务有限公司 感应式电力传输设备
WO2012018268A1 (en) * 2010-08-05 2012-02-09 Auckland Uniservices Limited Inductive power transfer apparatus
EP2546844A4 (en) 2011-01-26 2013-04-03 Panasonic Corp CONTACTLESS RECHARGEABLE MODULE AND TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER-FREE CONTACTLESS CHARGER THEREOF
US8749195B2 (en) 2011-03-09 2014-06-10 Panasonic Corporation Contactless charging module, contactless charging device, and method of manufacturing contactless charging module
JP2014525142A (ja) 2011-07-08 2014-09-25 オークランド ユニサービシズ リミテッド 誘導電力伝達システムのための磁気構造の相互運用性
CN104604080A (zh) 2012-07-09 2015-05-06 奥克兰联合服务有限公司 通量耦合装置以及其磁性结构
US9672975B2 (en) 2012-09-11 2017-06-06 Qualcomm Incorporated Wireless power transfer system coil arrangements and method of operation
US10014104B2 (en) 2012-11-02 2018-07-03 Qualcomm Incorporated Coil arrangements in wireless power transfer systems for low electromagnetic emissions
DE102013219542A1 (de) * 2013-09-27 2015-04-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ladeanordnung zur induktiven drahtlosen Abgabe von Energie

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101522460B (zh) * 2006-10-11 2013-07-17 蒂森克鲁伯快速运输有限公司 带有接收器线圈的、用于无接触地传递电能的接收单元及其制造方法
CN103107008A (zh) * 2011-11-10 2013-05-15 翰林Postech株式会社 电力传输线圈及无线电力传输装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20160130393A (ko) 2016-11-11
CN106104968A (zh) 2016-11-09
US20150255993A1 (en) 2015-09-10
WO2015134199A3 (en) 2015-11-05
US10003217B2 (en) 2018-06-19
JP2017517866A (ja) 2017-06-29
EP3114696A2 (en) 2017-01-11
WO2015134199A2 (en) 2015-09-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN106104968B (zh) 用于减小针对无线电感电力传送的极化线圈系统的发射的系统和方法
US10340078B2 (en) Coil topologies for inductive power transfer
US9381821B2 (en) Systems, methods, and apparatus related to electric vehicle wired and wireless charging
US9352661B2 (en) Induction power transfer system with coupling and reactance selection
CN105580241B (zh) 感应电力传递系统中的装置对准
US9969282B2 (en) Systems and methods for thermal management in wireless power transfer
JP2017517866A5 (enExample)
US9533589B2 (en) Integration of electronic components in inductive power transfer systems
US9583253B2 (en) Electric vehicle induction coil housing with interengagement structure for ferrite tile assemblies
WO2013142066A1 (en) Magnetically permeable structures
CN104755312A (zh) 用于无线电力传递中的电感补偿的系统及方法
WO2015038539A1 (en) Systems and methods for bi-state impedance conversion in wireless power transfer
US9742200B2 (en) System and method to avoid magnetic power loss while providing alternating current through a ferromagnetic material

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
TA01 Transfer of patent application right
TA01 Transfer of patent application right

Effective date of registration: 20190513

Address after: Massachusetts, USA

Applicant after: Witricity Corp.

Address before: American California

Applicant before: Qualcomm Inc.

GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant