CN106100530A - A kind of roof solar module and installation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a frameless solar cell assembly for roofs and an installation method thereof. It is characterized in that: the photovoltaic module is a frameless module; relative to different installation positions, there are four kinds of modules correspondingly, the first module, the second module, the third module and the fourth module. When various components are installed, the joints of the components between the layers are misplaced and installed.

Description

A kind of roof solar battery module and its installation method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of manufacturing new energy products in industrial products, and in particular relates to a frameless solar cell assembly for roofs in an installation mode and an installation method thereof.

Background technique

Most of the current photovoltaic modules have an aluminum frame, which has the advantages of: increasing the strength of the module; easy to fix and install; easy to protect the module from the intrusion of water vapor around it, and increase the service life of the module, but this kind of module is suitable for installation in large outdoor power stations. And when it is used for roof installation, it is only suitable for the installation with a building roof. When it is used for BIPV (Building Integrated Photovoltaic), it seems powerless, mainly because the sealing and waterproofing problems are difficult to solve.

There is also a frameless double-glass solar module. As the main component structure of glass curtain wall and daylighting ceiling, double-glass components usually have three installation structures, namely, open frame structure, dark frame structure, and point-supported frameless structure. The exposed frame structure requires a large number of frames (horizontal frames and vertical frames), just like windows; the dark frame structure requires less frames, but requires a large amount of sealant (structural adhesive and waterproof sealant), which is mainly completed by bonding Installation; and point-support installation requires the installation of beams, installation of support frames, mounting holes on the components, and the need for a large amount of sealant at the glass joints of each double-glass component, and the installation workload is also very large. In order to solve the above problems, we tried to design a new type of frameless module, which can completely replace roof tiles and be used as a roofing material. The dustproof and waterproof components can meet the requirements of architectural design. The main features are unique installation structure, novel structure, convenient installation, waterproof and reliable.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the sealing and waterproof problems existing in the photovoltaic modules for roofs, and the present invention provides a special module structure and module installation method.

The technical solution of the present invention is: a solar cell assembly for roofs, including several assemblies, each of which includes a tempered glass plate, an EVA adhesive film, a single-sided fluorine-containing back sheet, and several single crystal four-grid cells, and the tempered glass Board, EVA film and single-sided fluorine-containing backsheet are laminated from bottom to top as the base plate. There are installation holes on the base plate. There is a junction box on the base plate. The junction box is equipped with photovoltaic cables and MC4 plugs. The box is the same as the junction box for conventional solar modules. The positive and negative leads are used to lead out the solar energy generated. The bypass diodes packaged in the junction box are used to protect the cells on the module from being burned by hot spots. MC4 plugs are standard male and female connectors for connection between components. The lamination of several monocrystalline four-grid cells on the base plate is full or not; the modules are installed by covering the blank space where no single crystal four-grid cells are laid.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the components include four components, namely a first component, a second component, a third component and a fourth component.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the first assembly and the third assembly are used for installation on both sides of the roof; There are four pieces, the second column is two pieces, and the battery laying form is L-shaped.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the second assembly is used for installation in the eaves and the middle part, and half of it is laid on the bottom plate; the single crystal four-grid cells are arranged in two rows and four pieces, the first row consists of two pieces, and the second row for two pieces.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the fourth component is used for installation on the top of the roof, and the laminate is spread on the bottom plate. The single crystal four-grid cells are arranged in two rows of eight, the first row is four, and the second Listed in four pieces.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the included angle between the installation surface of the component and the horizontal plane is 30 degrees.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: a method for installing a solar cell module on a roof, characterized in that it includes the following steps:

(1) Fix the installation beam to the roof purlin. The installation beam has a component installation hole with the same size as the component and a installation hole with the roof purlin; the installation beam is channel steel or processed into a channel steel structure; the installation beam is placed horizontally , each installation beam is connected with the load-bearing purlins on the building with M12 screws; the first installation beam is at the eaves, carrying the first row of components, and the other installation beams are processed with installation holes; each row of components has a mounting Beam, the distance between the installation beam and the installation beam is related to the height of different battery components used in laying;

(2) Install components from the eaves, set it as the first row; install the first component and the third component on both sides of the bottom of the first row, and install the second component side by side between the first component and the third component;

(3) The second component is installed side by side on the second row, and the second component of this row covers the component in the first row where there is no single crystal four-grid cell;

(4) Repeat the installation method of the first row in the third row, repeat the installation method of the second row in the fourth row; and so on, until the roof is laid and the last layer on the top is left;

(5) Install the fourth component on the last layer on the top.

A further technical proposal of the present invention is: the components are connected to the installation beam through screws and nuts, through flat washers and spring washers. M8X12 screws are threaded into the component mounting holes from the bottom of the component, and ￠8 sealing flat washers are installed close to the two sides of the component, and ￠8 spring washers are installed on the sealing flat pads on the top of the component, and finally M8 nuts are installed.

A further technical proposal of the present invention is: the gap between the components is further sealed by a silicone sealing strip.

Invention effect

Technical effect of the present invention is:

1) Single-layer modules achieve the effect of double-glass modules, killing two birds with one stone. Due to the large mutual shielding part between adjacent rows of modules (more than half of the module area), the thickness of all area modules in the middle of the array (excluding the upper and lower modules) is doubled, and there is a sealant between the upper and lower layers of modules Objectively, the thermal insulation and sound insulation effects of the double-glass module are achieved, which can be said to kill two birds with one stone.

2) High IP protection level. The photovoltaic roof installed with this frameless module can be double-layer sealed so that the protection level can reach above IP65.

3) Use less sealant. Because there are rubber strips between the adjacent layers of the middle component, no sealant is needed, and only the exposed part of the gap between the upper and lower row components and the gap between the upper and lower components on both sides need to be sealed, so the amount of sealant used is also less.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the cell array assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first assembly of the present invention

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second assembly of the present invention

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the third assembly of the present invention

Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of the fourth component of the present invention

Explanation of reference numerals, 1-first component, 2-second component, 3-third component, 4-fourth component, 5-installation beam, 6-M8X15 screw, 7-M8 nut, 8-flat washer φ8, 9-spring washer φ8, 10-sealing strip.

detailed description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation examples.

The device of the invention is small in size, thin in thickness and light in weight. The overall size is 710mm*350mm*5mm (length*width*thickness), and it is made of 4.0mm thick tempered glass laminated with high-transparency EVA, single-sided fluorine-containing backsheet, and single-crystal quad-grid cells. The total thickness of the module is about 5 mm. Two mounting holes (￠8.5) are designed on one side of the module. Because the size of the module is small, only 2 mounting holes can be installed to meet the requirements. A junction box is installed on the back for outgoing wires. The main installation component is the middle installation component, that is, the second component. This component adopts the method of laminating cells (a total of 4 pieces of 156X156 monocrystalline cells) on part of the glass surface, and the rest of the glass surface (for the upper component to press the part) ). The main considerations are for waterproofing and sealing. The left mounting assembly and the right mounting assembly are symmetrical parts, each with 6 battery slices, and the place without battery slices is the place covered by the upper layer. The uppermost row of components is not covered, so it is covered with cells, a total of 8 cells. The installation method of high imitation building tiles is unique. The assembly highly imitates the installation style of architectural tiles, and adopts a double-layer waterproof structure. The method of covering each layer from bottom to top is adopted, and the joints of the modules in the longitudinal rows are misaligned with each other, and a large-area covering method (more than half of the area) is adopted to completely solve the problem of water leakage in the gaps between the modules in each row. This installation method prevents the rainwater from the upper components from leaking into the building structure, effectively preventing rainwater from leaking, so that the rainwater can only flow out from below. A sealing rubber strip is designed between the contact surfaces of each component to prevent the intrusion of dust and rainwater. This installation structure has beautiful appearance and reliable use. In this example, a total of 33 components are installed, consisting of 5 rows and 7 columns. In actual use, it can be arranged on a roof of any size, just adding installation beams. Due to the small size and light weight (3 kg) of the components, the labor intensity of the installers can be reduced, and it is easy to disassemble and install. There are four component styles in total, the first component is shown in Figure 2, the second component is shown in Figure 3, the third component is shown in Figure 4, and the fourth component is shown in Figure 5, which are installed in different positions. In order to make full use of the light area of the roof space, the top row of modules is different from other modules in that it is covered with cells (8 monocrystalline cells). Cells are arranged as much as possible on the exposed parts of the modules on both sides (6 monocrystalline cells, and the modules on the left and right sides are arranged symmetrically). From the appearance of the module array, there is no waste of power generation area. The invention provides a solar cell assembly and an installation method for a roof. See Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, and Figure 5 for the four components. The external dimensions of the components are 350mm (length)*710mm (width)*5mm (thickness). The modules are all made of laminate mounted junction boxes (with photovoltaic cables and MC4 plugs). The laminate consists of photovoltaic glass (4.0mm thick), EVA film, welded cell strings and backplane.

The installation method of each component is shown in Figure 1. In this embodiment, a total of 5 rows of modules are installed in the array, and the installation surface of the modules is inclined at 30 degrees from the horizontal plane. The first, third, and fifth rows are equipped with 7 modules, and the second and fourth rows are equipped with 6 modules. First install each installation beam (fixed with the main body of the building), and a long installation hole has been processed on the installation beam. The specific installation process of components is:

1) Install the installation beam 5 first to ensure the position and size of each row of beams; fix the installation beam and the roof purlins, and the installation beams are provided with component installation holes of the same size as the components and installation holes with the roof purlins. In this embodiment, a total of 6 installation beams are required, and the installation beams may be channel steel, or may be processed into a channel steel structure. The installation beams are placed horizontally, and each installation beam is connected to the load-bearing purlins on the building with M12 screws, and three to four connection points can be set on both sides and in the middle of the length direction. The first installation beam is at the eaves, carrying the first row of components, and the other installation beams are processed with installation holes for fixing the components with holes. The distance between the second row and the third row of bracket mounting holes is 345 mm, the distance between the third row and the fourth row is 350 mm, the distance between the fourth row and the fifth row of mounting beam mounting holes is 345 mm, the fifth row The distance between the mounting holes and the sixth row of mounting beams is 350mm. The number of holes in the horizontal direction on each mounting beam corresponds to the number of mounting holes on the installed components.

2) Install the lowest row of components, install the left mounting component 1 on the left, install the right mounting component 3 on the right, and install the middle mounting component 2 in the middle. Use M8X15 screws 6, M8 nuts 7, flat washers 8, and springs between the components and the mounting beam 5 Gasket 9 connection;

3) Install the second row of modules (all middle installation modules 2) on the first row of modules, and the number of modules is one less than that of the first row. (In this example, the first, third, and fifth rows are 7 components, and the second and fourth rows are 6 components)

4) Repeat steps 2 and 3.

5) Install the top row assembly 4.

6) Coat the upper and lower sides of the strip 10 with silicone sealant (you can also choose to have a self-adhesive strip), and then install the strip at the junction of the two-layer components and between the upper and lower components on the left and right sides At the gap, the outer edge is flush with the edge of the component, and the exposed joint between the uppermost row of components and the lowermost row of components in the same row of components is sealed with silicone sealant.

The frameless solar cell module for roof and its installation method of the present invention are not limited to the size of the array shown in the figure. Suitable for roof installation of any size. Roof installations of other areas are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

The installation method used in the present invention adopts dislocation installation of both the horizontal and vertical joints of the upper and lower components. Starting from the third layer, between adjacent three-layer components, the lower edge of the upper layer component is located under the upper edge of the lower layer component. These two items are core contents of the present invention. Therefore, any design that adopts the design structure and design ideas of the present invention and makes some simple changes or changes falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A solar cell assembly for a roof, characterized in that it comprises several components, and the components all include a tempered glass plate, an EVA adhesive film, a single-sided fluorine-containing back plate and some single crystal four-grid cells, and the tempered glass plate , EVA film and single-sided fluorine-containing backsheet are laminated from bottom to top as the bottom plate. There are installation holes on the bottom plate. There is a junction box on the bottom plate. The junction box is equipped with photovoltaic cables and MC4 plugs, and the junction box It is a junction box for conventional solar modules. The positive and negative leads are used to lead out the solar energy generated. The bypass diodes packaged in the junction box are used to protect the cells on the module from being burned by hot spots; MC4 plugs are standard male and female The head is used for the connection between components; the lamination method of several monocrystalline four-grid cells on the bottom plate is full or not; between components The blank space is covered layer by layer for installation. 2. A solar cell module for roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, said module comprises four modules, namely a first module, a second module, a third module and a fourth module. 3. A roof solar cell assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, the first assembly and the third assembly are used for installation on both sides of the roof, and the single crystal four grids on the first assembly and the third assembly The cells are arranged in two rows of six, with four cells in the first row and two cells in the second row. The cells are laid in an L-shape. 4. A solar cell assembly for a roof as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second assembly is used for installation in the eaves and the middle, and half of it is laid on the bottom plate; The blocks are arranged with two blocks in the first column and two blocks in the second column. 5. A roof solar cell assembly as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the fourth assembly is used for installation on the top of the roof, and the laminate is covered on the bottom plate, and the single crystal four-grid cells are divided into two columns Eight pieces are arranged, with four pieces in the first column and four pieces in the second column. 6 . The solar battery module for roof according to claim 2 , wherein the angle between the installation surface of the module and the horizontal plane is 30 degrees. 7 . 7. A method for installing a roof solar cell assembly based on the assembly of claim 1, comprising the following steps: (1) Fix the installation beam to the roof purlin. The installation beam has a component installation hole with the same size as the component and a installation hole with the roof purlin; the installation beam is channel steel or processed into a channel steel structure; the installation beam is placed horizontally , each installation beam is connected with the load-bearing purlins on the building with M12 screws; the first installation beam is at the eaves, carrying the first row of components, and the other installation beams are processed with installation holes; each row of components has a mounting Beam, the distance between the installation beam and the installation beam is related to the height of different battery components used in laying; (2) Install components from the eaves, set it as the first row; install the first component and the third component on both sides of the bottom of the first row, and install the second component side by side between the first component and the third component; (3) The second component is installed side by side on the second row, and the second component of this row covers the component in the first row where there is no single crystal four-grid cell; (4) Repeat the installation method of the first row in the third row, repeat the installation method of the second row in the fourth row; and so on, until the roof is laid and the last layer on the top is left; (5) Install the fourth component on the last layer on the top. 8. A method for installing solar cell modules on a roof as claimed in claim 5, wherein the modules and the installation beams are connected by screws and nuts, and are sealed with flat sealing washers and spring washers; M8X12 screws are connected from Insert the component mounting hole under the component, install ￠8 flat sealing gaskets on both sides of the component, install ￠8 spring washers on the sealing flat pads on the component, and finally install M8 nuts. 9 . A method for installing solar battery modules on roofs as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the gaps between modules are further sealed with silicone sealant. 10 .