CN106099288A - It is applied to the compact five-port junction structure of three tunnel efficient high-isolation power combing - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of compact five-port junction structure being applied to three tunnel efficient high-isolation power combing, three identical rectangular waveguides to intersect with 120 ° of angles；The E face of circular waveguide is coupled in the top planes of three rectangular waveguide intersecting areas；The bottom surface of three rectangular waveguide intersecting areas arranges the thin-wall circular bench-type projection that oriented intersecting area extends；The protruding head slab of circular platform type extends the first metal probe being sequentially connected with and the second metal probe to the direction of circular waveguide, the protruding head slab of circular platform type oppositely extending go out the first medium coaxial waveguide that is sequentially connected with and second medium coaxial waveguide；Described first metal probe and first medium coaxial waveguide connect.On the basis of keeping relatively compact volume, utilize the TE in three rectangular waveguides₁₀TEM mode in pattern, coaxial waveguide and the TE in circular waveguide₁₁Pattern forms six mode networks, it is achieved that three tunnel constant amplitude homophase rectangle TE₁₀Pattern synthesizes to the highly efficient power of coaxial TEM mode.

Description

It is applied to the compact five-port junction structure of three tunnel efficient high-isolation power combing

Technical field

The present invention relates to microwave passive component technical field, particularly a kind of high for the three low return losses of road high-isolation The compact five-port junction structure of effect power combing.

Background technology

Traditional High-Power Microwave produces generally by electron tube, but along with active device output not Disconnected improve, carry out organizing battle array by substantial amounts of active device, after carry out radiating and then producing and pass by large-scale antenna array again The ERP that system electron tube radiation is comparable.In order to minimizing of trying one's best in the case of ERP is constant has The element number of source phased array antenna, needs in limited cross sections size, multiple active devices to be carried out power combing, in order to protect The failure performance of card active device, the stability increasing system ensures combined coefficient simultaneously, needs tool between synthesizer input port Having high-isolation, each port to need have good standing wave performance, simultaneously need to there is higher combined coefficient, all functions need Realize in limited cross sections.The main synthesizer in microwave current field includes that binary power synthesizer, ripple guided wave power synthesize Device, waveguide radially power distribution synthesizer and waveguide spatial power synthesizer etc..Wherein binary power based on resistance barrier film Synthesizer is unsatisfactory for kW level power capacity requirement, and synthesizer based on existing conventional waveguide evil spirit T structure is mostly unsatisfactory for transversal Face dimensional requirement, ripple guided wave power synthesizer synthesis interport isolation also cannot meet requirement, waveguide footpath with return loss Its ultra-compact volume requirement and high-isolation low reflection requirement, space power synthesis skill cannot be met to power distribution synthesizer Art is higher for microwave frequency band size.The conventional planar transmission line relying on medium has bigger for realizing kW level power capacity Difficulty, the most existing microwave power synthetic technology is mostly unsatisfactory for kW level power capacity and filter with low insertion loss high-isolation and size Volume requirement.Itself is for meeting the two-way power splitter just relatively difficult design of power capacity and sectional area requirement, for height every More rare from the compact kW level power capacity synthesizer of the degree low return loss of high efficiency.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of compact five-port junction structure being applied to three tunnel efficient high-isolation power combing and Corresponding power combining methods, can realize three road rectangle TE in limited cross sections₁₀Pattern is to the power combing of coaxial TEM mode.

The technical solution of the present invention is:

A kind of compact five-port junction structure being applied to three tunnel efficient high-isolation power combing, it is particular in that:

Three identical rectangular waveguides intersect with 120 ° of angles；

The E face of circular waveguide 5 is coupled in the top planes of three rectangular waveguide intersecting areas；

The bottom surface of three rectangular waveguide intersecting areas arranges the thin-wall circular bench-type projection 8 that oriented intersecting area extends；

The head slab of circular platform type projection 8 extends the first metal probe 7 being sequentially connected with and to the direction of circular waveguide 5 Two metal probes 6, the head slab of circular platform type projection 8 oppositely extending go out the first medium coaxial waveguide 9 and second that is sequentially connected with Dielectric coaxial waveguide 4；

Above-mentioned first metal probe 7 and first medium coaxial waveguide 9 connect.

When only existing basic mode in circular waveguide, when there are not higher modes, the radius of circular waveguide 5 is calculated as follows:

$R<\frac{c}{2.613f}$

Wherein:

R is circular waveguide radius；

C is the light velocity；

F is the upper limit of applying frequency scope.

Above-mentioned basic mode is TE₁₁Pattern, above-mentioned higher modes include TM₀₁Pattern.

Above-mentioned first metal probe the 7, second metal probe 6, first medium coaxial waveguide 9 and second medium coaxial waveguide 4 Radius and length for adjusting in second medium coaxial waveguide 4 TEM mode of input time return loss.

The port of above-mentioned circular waveguide connects circular polarisation TE₁₁The small-sized load of pattern.

A kind of compact five-port junction structure being applied to three tunnel efficient high-isolation power combing, it is particular in that: be somebody's turn to do Five-port junction structure is represented by following matrix:

$S=\begin{array}{cccccc}0& 0& 0& \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}& \frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}& 0\\ 0& 0& 0& \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}& -\frac{\sqrt{6}}{6}& \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\\ 0& 0& 0& \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}& -\frac{\sqrt{6}}{6}& -\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\\ \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}& \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}& \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}& 0& 0& 0\\ \frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}& -\frac{\sqrt{6}}{6}& -\frac{\sqrt{6}}{6}& 0& 0& 0\\ 0& \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}& -\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}& 0& 0& 0\end{array}---\left(1\right)$

It is applied to the microwave power synthesis method of the compact five-port junction structure of three tunnel efficient high-isolation power combing, including Following pattern:

1) when TEM mode inputs from second medium coaxial waveguide 4, three rectangular waveguides export constant amplitude homophase TE₁₀Mould Formula, second medium coaxial waveguide 4 areflexia, the port of opposite circular waveguide 5 is isolated；

2) as the TE inputting certain polarised direction in circular waveguide 5₁₁During pattern, above have energy all in three rectangular waveguides with TE₁₀Pattern exports, and inputs circular waveguide areflexia, opposite first medium coaxial waveguide 9 and the port quilt of second medium coaxial waveguide 4 Isolation, TE in three rectangular waveguides₁₀Amplitude and the phase place of pattern depend on TE₁₁The polarised direction of pattern；

3) TE is injected when one of them rectangular waveguide₁₀Pattern, the port of two other rectangular waveguide is isolated, Implantation Energy Rectangular waveguide non-emissive, the energy of injection is completely converted into the TE in circular waveguide₁₁In pattern and second medium coaxial waveguide 4 TEM mode.

The method have the benefit that

1, the present invention is on the basis of keeping relatively compact volume, utilizes the TE in three rectangular waveguides₁₀Pattern, coaxial waveguide In TEM mode and TE in circular waveguide₁₁Pattern forms six mode networks, utilizes TEM mode and the structure entirety of structure 120 ° of circumference symmetry characteristics achieve three tunnel constant amplitude homophase rectangle TE₁₀Pattern synthesizes to the highly efficient power of coaxial TEM mode.

2, polarize during the present invention utilizes circular waveguide two TE of degeneracy₁₁Pattern, by with three rectangular waveguide intersecting areas The cooperation of bottom surface projection round platform and coupling probe achieves the high-isolation of three rectangular waveguides and low return loss.When circle ripple Lead the TE of middle input polarised direction₁₁During pattern, all energy all in three rectangular waveguides with TE₁₀Pattern exports, input Circular waveguide areflexia, opposite coaxial waveguide port is isolated, TE in three rectangular waveguides₁₀Amplitude and the phase place of pattern depend on TE₁₁The polarised direction of pattern.This five-port junction structure can realize the rectangular waveguide echo less than-20dB in the range of 8-9.4GHz and damage Consumption, is more than the isolation of 20dB, the TE of the degeneracy that polarizes in circular waveguide between waveguide₁₁Pattern and coaxial waveguide TEM mode echo damage Consumption is less than-20dB, and between Three models, isolation is more than 70dB.

3, cascade the first metal probe 7 and second being connected with first medium coaxial waveguide 9 and second medium coaxial waveguide 4 Energy in coaxial waveguide sufficiently can be coupled to the intersecting area of three rectangular waveguides, and then mean allocation by metal probe 6 To three rectangular waveguides.

4, circular platform type projection 8 is to ensureing that three rectangular waveguide ports realize less return loss and bigger isolation has Important function.

5, the second coaxial connection of coaxial waveguide in circular waveguide and claim 3, all at three rectangular waveguide intersecting areas Implementation pattern couples, by TEM mode and TE₁₁The pattern isolation characteristic of pattern realizes the high-isolation of two ports.

6, total is rotationally symmetrical along the central shaft 120 ° of coaxial waveguide and circular waveguide, which ensure that the second coaxial waveguide After middle input TEM mode, the constant amplitude distribution of each port energy.

7, circular waveguide chooses suitable radius, can make to only exist in circular waveguide basic mode i.e. TE₁₁, there is not TM in pattern₀₁Contour Secondary pattern.

8, cascade the first metal probe 7 being connected with coaxial waveguide Duan Si and nine and the second metal probe 6 can be sufficient Energy in coaxial waveguide is coupled to the intersecting area of three rectangular waveguides, and then distribution is to three rectangular waveguides.

9, the first metal probe and the second metal probe and first medium coaxial waveguide and second medium coaxial waveguide have In certain bandwidth, less echo is had when different radiuses and length to guarantee the TEM mode inputted in the second coaxial waveguide Loss.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the front view of five-port junction structure of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the top view of five-port junction structure of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the side view of five-port junction structure of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is that rectangular port 1 injects TE₁₀Pattern five-port junction structure end face field distribution；

Fig. 5 is that rectangular port 1 injects TE₁₀Pattern five-port junction structure bottom surface field distribution；

Fig. 6 is that coaxial port 4 injects the field distribution of TEM mode bottom surface；

Fig. 7 coaxial port 4 injects TEM mode end face field distribution；

Fig. 8 is that circular waveguide port 5 injects the TE that polarizes in the x-direction₁₁Pattern end face field distribution；

Fig. 9 is that circular waveguide port 5 injects the TE that polarizes in the x-direction₁₁The field distribution of pattern bottom surface；

Figure 10 is that circular waveguide port 5 injects the TE that polarizes in the y-direction₁₁Pattern end face field distribution；

Figure 11 is that circular waveguide port 5 injects the TE that polarizes in the y-direction₁₁The field distribution of pattern bottom surface；

Figure 12 is the loss of each reflection coefficient of port and rectangular waveguide interport isolation；

Figure 13 is the isolation between coaxial port 4 and each pattern of circular waveguide port 5；

Figure 14 circular waveguide port 5 injects the TE that polarizes in the x-direction₁₁Pattern each rectangular port S parameter is distributed；

Figure 15 circular waveguide port 5 injects the TE that polarizes in the y-direction₁₁Pattern each rectangular port S parameter is distributed；

Figure 16 coaxial port 4 injects the distribution of TEM mode each rectangular port S parameter.

In figure, reference is: 1-the first rectangular waveguide；2-the second rectangular waveguide；3-the 3rd rectangular waveguide；4-second is situated between Matter coaxial waveguide；5-circular waveguide；6-the second metal probe；7-the first metal probe；8-circular platform type is protruding；9-first medium is coaxial Waveguide；10-inserts wave guide ridge.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention is applied to the compact five-port junction structure of three tunnel efficient high-isolation power combing, and its structure consists of: the One, second, third rectangular waveguide intersects with 120 ° of angles, and circular waveguide E face is coupled in the top of three rectangular waveguide intersecting areas Plane, the bottom surface of three rectangular waveguide intersecting areas has circular platform type projection 8 to be attached thereto, the top planes of circular platform type projection 8 to Circular waveguide direction is sequentially connected with metal the first metal probe 7 and the second metal probe 6, and top planes is to circular waveguide opposite direction successively Connecting medium first medium coaxial waveguide and second medium coaxial waveguide, three are inserted wave guide ridge 10 and are positioned at three rectangular waveguide phases At friendship.

Circular waveguide should choose suitable radius so that only exists basic mode i.e. TE in circular waveguide₁₁, there is not TM in pattern₀₁Deng Higher modes.

Cascade the first metal probe 7 being connected with coaxial waveguide section 4 and 9 and the second metal probe 6 can be sufficiently by same Energy in axle waveguide is coupled to the intersecting area of three rectangular waveguides, and then mean allocation is to three rectangular waveguides.

Cascade the first metal probe and the second metal probe and first medium coaxial waveguide and second medium coaxial waveguide In certain bandwidth, less returning is had when having different radiuses and length to guarantee the TEM mode inputted in the second coaxial waveguide Ripple is lost.

Circular platform type projection 8 is to ensureing that three rectangular waveguide ports realize less return loss and bigger isolation has Important function.

Circular waveguide and the coaxial connection of the second coaxial waveguide, all couple at three rectangular waveguide intersecting area implementation patterns, logical Cross TEM mode and TE₁₁The pattern isolation characteristic of pattern realizes the high-isolation of two ports.

Operation principle of the present invention:

Five-port junction structure is actually six mode networks, comprising: three TE₁₀Pattern, a TEM mode and two polarization The TE of degeneracy₁₁Pattern, when TEM mode inputs, exports constant amplitude homophase TE in three rectangular waveguides₁₀Pattern, inputs coaxial port Areflexia, opposite circular waveguide port is isolated.As the TE inputting certain polarised direction in circular waveguide₁₁During pattern, all energy are whole With TE in three rectangular waveguides₁₀Pattern exports, and inputs circular waveguide areflexia, and opposite coaxial waveguide port is isolated, three squares TE in shape waveguide₁₀Amplitude and the phase place of pattern depend on TE₁₁The polarised direction of pattern.When certain rectangular waveguide injects TE₁₀Mould Formula, two other rectangular waveguide port is isolated, the rectangular waveguide non-emissive of Implantation Energy, and the energy of injection is completely converted into circle TE in waveguide₁₁TEM mode in pattern and coaxial waveguide.

The associative mode of five-port junction structure of the present invention is defined as:

Pattern 1:1,2:1 and 3:1 represents the TE in rectangular waveguide 1-3₁₀Pattern, pattern 4:1 represent the TEM in coaxial waveguide Pattern, pattern 5:1 and pattern 5:2 represent the TE polarized in the x-direction and in the y-direction in circular waveguide₁₁Pattern.

Circular waveguide port is to ensure that three rectangular waveguides efficiently can synthesize TEM coaxial mould after the low return loss of high-isolation The key of formula, when this five-port junction structure is for three tunnel constant amplitude homophase power combing or distribution, the TE in circular waveguide₁₁Pattern can be filled Role when load model.

As a example by 7.5-9.75GHz, the five-port junction structure in the present invention is configured to:

One two three rectangular waveguide intersects with 120 ° of angles, three rectangular waveguide sectional dimensions be 22.86mm × 10.16mm, rectangular waveguide length is more than 30mm, and the circumradius of the equilateral triangle after three rectangular waveguide intersection points connections is 13mm；

Circular waveguide E face is coupled in the top planes of three rectangular waveguide intersecting areas, and its waveguide radius is 11.8mm, length For 20mm, this waveguide radius ensure that in 7.5-9.75GHz frequency range, TM in circular waveguide₀₁Pattern and other high order Pattern is cut off；

The bottom surface of three rectangular waveguide intersecting areas has circular platform type projection 8 to be attached thereto, the bottom surface radius of circular platform type projection 8 For 8.65mm, end face radius is 8.65mm, and height is 5.76mm；

The top planes of circular platform type projection 8 is sequentially connected with metal the first metal probe 7 and the second metal to circular waveguide direction Probe 6, its radius and length are respectively as follows: 1.52mm, 4.1mm and 1.33mm, 5.85mm；

The top planes of circular platform type projection 8 to the 4th circular waveguide opposite direction be sequentially connected with medium first medium coaxial waveguide and Second medium coaxial waveguide, inserts wave guide ridge 10 and is positioned at three rectangular waveguide intersections, wherein first medium coaxial waveguide and the The interior outer radius of second medium coaxial waveguide is respectively as follows: 1.52mm, 2.82mm and 2.34mm, 5.92mm, and its length is respectively 7.94mm and 10mm.Three sizes inserting wave guide ridge are respectively 1.58mm × 0.41mm × 10.16mm；

Three rectangular waveguide intersecting areas and protruding round platform and insert cylindrical probe, coaxial waveguide, circular waveguide coaxial line.

As shown in Fig. 4-16, in 8-9.4GHz frequency range:

Rectangular waveguide port one injects TE₁₀Pattern, between rectangular waveguide one and rectangular waveguide two or three, isolation is more than 20dB, square Shape waveguide port one return loss energy less than-20dB ,-4.8dB converts for the TEM mode in coaxial waveguide ,-1.8dB Energy change for the TE polarized in the x-direction in circular waveguide₁₁Pattern；Rectangular waveguide one and the pole in the y-direction in circular waveguide The TE changed₁₁Pattern isolation (energy converts less than-70dB)；Its field distribution situation is as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.

When rectangular waveguide port two injects TE₁₀Pattern, between rectangular waveguide one and three, isolation is more than 20dB, rectangular waveguide end Mouth two return losses energy less than-20dB ,-4.8dB converts for the TEM mode in coaxial waveguide, and-7.8dB energy converts For the TE polarized in the x-direction in circular waveguide₁₁Pattern, the energy of-3dB converts for the TE polarized in the y-direction in circular waveguide₁₁ Pattern, during rectangular waveguide three Implantation Energy, energy coupling condition is similar to therewith, and its field distribution situation and port one inject TE₁₀Mould Formula is similar to；

When coaxial waveguide port four injects TEM mode, Implantation Energy is by whole uniform distributions to three rectangular waveguide end In Kou, in each rectangular waveguide, the energy of coupling is-4.8dB.Rectangular waveguide port four and two poles in circular waveguide port five The TE changed₁₁Pattern isolation is more than 70dB, and coaxial waveguide port energy reflection is less than-20dB, field distribution situation such as Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 Shown in.

When circular waveguide five injects the TE polarized in the x-direction₁₁Pattern, the energy of injection is all assigned to three square waves In leading, wherein the energy in rectangular waveguide one is-1.8dB, and the energy in rectangular waveguide two and three is-7.8dB, pole in the x-direction The TE changed₁₁Mode reflection is less than-20dB, itself and the TE polarized in the y-direction₁₁TEM mode isolation in pattern and coaxial waveguide More than 70dB, field distribution is as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9；

When circular waveguide five injects the TE polarized in the y-direction₁₁Pattern, the energy of injection is all assigned to rectangular waveguide two In three, rectangular waveguide one is isolated, and isolation is more than 70dB, and the energy in rectangular waveguide two and three is-3.02dB, along y side TE to polarization₁₁Mode reflection is less than-20dB, itself and the TE polarized in the x-direction₁₁In pattern and coaxial waveguide TEM mode every From degree more than 70dB, field distribution is as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11；

Field distribution in several situation described above is all distributed corresponding with the S parameter in Figure 12-16.

By technical solution of the present invention, the circular waveguide port at five-port junction structure connects circular polarisation TE₁₁Pattern is small-sized negative Carry, three road rectangular waveguide TE can be realized₁₀Pattern is to the low return loss high-isolation high efficiency power combing of coaxial TEM mode.

Claims (7)

1. the compact five-port junction structure being applied to three tunnel efficient high-isolation power combing, it is characterised in that:

Three identical rectangular waveguides intersect with 120 ° of angles；

The E face of circular waveguide (5) is coupled in the top planes of three rectangular waveguide intersecting areas；

The bottom surface of three rectangular waveguide intersecting areas arranges thin-wall circular bench-type projection (8) that oriented intersecting area extends；

The head slab of circular platform type protruding (8) extend to the direction of circular waveguide (5) the first metal probe (7) being sequentially connected with and Second metal probe (6), the head slab of circular platform type protruding (8) oppositely extending go out the first medium coaxial waveguide that is sequentially connected with And second medium coaxial waveguide (4) (9)；

Described first metal probe (7) and first medium coaxial waveguide (9) connect.

The compact five-port junction structure being applied to three tunnel efficient high-isolation power combing the most according to claim 1, it is special Levying and be: when only existing basic mode in circular waveguide, when there are not higher modes, the radius of circular waveguide (5) is calculated as follows:

$R<\frac{c}{2.613f}$

Wherein:

R is circular waveguide radius；

C is the light velocity；

F is the upper limit of applying frequency scope.

The compact five-port junction structure being applied to three tunnel efficient high-isolation power combing the most according to claim 2, it is special Levy and be: described basic mode is TE₁₁Pattern, described higher modes include TM₀₁Pattern.

4. according to the compact five-port junction being applied to three tunnel efficient high-isolation power combing described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 Structure, it is characterised in that: described first metal probe (7), the second metal probe (6), first medium coaxial waveguide (9) and second are situated between The echo when radius of matter coaxial waveguide (4) and length are used for the TEM mode adjusting input in second medium coaxial waveguide (4) damages Consumption.

5. according to the compact five-port junction being applied to three tunnel efficient high-isolation power combing described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 Structure, it is characterised in that: the port of described circular waveguide connects circular polarisation TE₁₁The small-sized load of pattern.

6. the compact five-port junction structure being applied to three tunnel efficient high-isolation power combing, it is characterised in that: this five port Structure is represented by following matrix:

$S=\begin{array}{cccccc}0& 0& 0& \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}& \frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}& 0\\ 0& 0& 0& \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}& -\frac{\sqrt{6}}{6}& \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\\ 0& 0& 0& \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}& -\frac{\sqrt{6}}{6}& -\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\\ \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}& \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}& \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}& 0& 0& 0\\ \frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}& -\frac{\sqrt{6}}{6}& -\frac{\sqrt{6}}{6}& 0& 0& 0\\ 0& \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}& -\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}& 0& 0& 0\end{array}---\left(1\right).$

7. described in application claim 1 to 5, it is applied to compact five-port junction structure micro-of three tunnel efficient high-isolation power combing Wave power synthetic method, it is characterised in that: include following pattern:

1) when TEM mode inputs from second medium coaxial waveguide (4), three rectangular waveguides export constant amplitude homophase TE₁₀Pattern, Second medium coaxial waveguide (4) areflexia, the port of opposite circular waveguide (5) is isolated；

2) as the TE inputting certain polarised direction in circular waveguide (5)₁₁During pattern, all energy all in three rectangular waveguides with TE₁₀Pattern exports, and inputs circular waveguide areflexia, opposite first medium coaxial waveguide (9) and the end of second medium coaxial waveguide (4) Mouth is isolated, TE in three rectangular waveguides₁₀Amplitude and the phase place of pattern depend on TE₁₁The polarised direction of pattern；

3) TE is injected when one of them rectangular waveguide₁₀Pattern, the port of two other rectangular waveguide is isolated, the square of Implantation Energy Shape waveguide non-emissive, the energy of injection is completely converted into the TE in circular waveguide₁₁In pattern and second medium coaxial waveguide (4) TEM mode.