CN106098050A - A kind of continuous gradient sound absorption structure - Google Patents
A kind of continuous gradient sound absorption structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106098050A CN106098050A CN201610398511.2A CN201610398511A CN106098050A CN 106098050 A CN106098050 A CN 106098050A CN 201610398511 A CN201610398511 A CN 201610398511A CN 106098050 A CN106098050 A CN 106098050A
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- sound
- absorbing material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of continuous gradient sound absorption structure, including sound-absorbing material body and offer sound-absorbing hole therein, the diameter making hole inside sound-absorbing material reduces along sound wave incident dimension linear, and then realizes the porosity linear reduction in sound wave incident direction；Side, large aperture is towards noise source when implementing for the continuous gradient structure that the present invention relates to, and sound wave is easier to enter continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material；Differing in the aperture of continuous gradient structure, has more resonant frequency, can obtain preferable acoustically effective in broader frequency range；Additionally, acoustic wave propagation path is complicated in this continuous gradient structure so that sound wave is easier to occur energy dissipation in continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material, thus improves efficiently sound absorption frequency range and the effect of low-frequency sound absorption of the material with continuous gradient structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sound absorption structure, be specifically related to a kind of continuous gradient sound absorption knot that can improve sound absorbing capabilities
Structure.
Background technology
Noise is one of world today's three major source of pollution, on the one hand the auditory system of noise hazard people, make people susceptible tired,
Deaf；On the other hand, along with growth in the living standard, people increasingly focus on environmental quality, and noise also becomes environmental improvement
The hot issue received much concern in journey.The data of World Health Organization (WHO) are pointed out to have become as at European Environment noise to be only second to air
Second largest predisposition thereto [the Moszynski P.WHO warns noise pollution is a growing polluted
hazard to health in Europe[J].BMJ,2011,342:d2114.].In addition noise can accelerate building, machinery
Structure aging, affects equipment and the precision of instrument and service life.
One of current prophylactico-therapeutic measures to noise is to use sound-absorbing material.Typically average sound absorption coefficient is more than the material of 0.2
Material is referred to as sound-absorbing material, and the average sound absorption coefficient material more than 0.56 is referred to as efficient sound-absorbing material.Sound absorbing mechanism pressed by sound-absorbing material
Sound-absorbing porous material and the big class of resonance sound-absorbing structure material two can be divided into.At present, sound-absorbing porous material is wide due to scope of selecting material, adds
Work manufacturing process is relatively easy, so sound-absorbing porous material becomes current most widely used sound-absorbing material, but porous sound absorption material
Material the widest [Arenas J P, the Crocker M J.Recent of low frequency absorption performance sound absorption frequency range the most poor, efficient
trends in porous sound-absorbing materials[J].Sound&vibration,2010,44(7):12-
18.].The low frequency absorption performance of resonance sound-absorbing structure material is good, but high frequency sound absorbing capabilities is poor.Such as Application No.
200610023242.8 " microporous sound absorbing structure " patent of invention only meet low frequency absorption requirement；Application No.
" sound absorption structure " utility model patent of 201320705567.X, is the mass spring resonance being made up of sounding board and sound-absorbing material
Structure, but only have preferable acoustically effective at 50-400Hz；" low-frequency sound-absorbing structure " of Application No. 201420251826.0 is real
The low-frequency range of below 500Hz it is applicable to new patent；" a kind of composite sound absorbing knot of Application No. 201410448937.5
Structure " patent of invention utilizes resonant structure, it is adaptable to low frequency absorption；" a kind of many merits of lightweight of Application No. 201210149680.4
Energy composite construction " patent of invention, resonance sound-absorbing frequency can be offset to low frequency direction.
Document [Wernera J, Linner-Krmara B, Friess W, et al.Mechanical properties
and in vitro cell compatibility of hydroxyapatite ceramics with graded pore
Structure. [J] .Biomaterials, 2002,23 (23): 4285-94.] produce a kind of step gradient-structure.Application
Number be 201510620089.6 " a kind of full frequency band sound absorption needling non-woven sandwich and preparation method thereof " invention is specially
Profit, uses density gradient configuration pin non-woven structural material, and this step gradient-structure achieves excellent non-in general acupuncture
The acoustically effective of weaving structure material, but efficiently sound absorption frequency range is the narrowest, and specific embodiment test frequency range is only
125-2500Hz.These structures frequency range that efficiently absorbs sound is the widest.
Summary of the invention
For solving in place of above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides one can improve material and efficiently absorbs sound frequency model
Enclose, the continuous gradient sound absorption structure of effect of low-frequency sound absorption.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of continuous gradient sound absorption structure, including sound-absorbing material body and offer sound-absorbing hole therein, described
The diameter of sound-absorbing hole reduces along sound wave incident dimension linear, and then realizes porosity at the reduction of sound wave incident dimension linear, sound wave
Incidence increases direction, i.e. porosity φ along sound-absorbing material body thickness and linearly reduces with the increase of sound-absorbing material body thickness L,
The diameter D of sound-absorbing hole linearly reduces with the increase of sound-absorbing material body thickness L:
φ=F1(L)
D=F2(L)
In formula, F1Represent linear function, F2Represent linear function.
Described sound-absorbing hole is mutually communicated and relatively independent with adjacent sound-absorbing hole or partly overlap.
Described sound-absorbing hole is mutually communicated one or more holes that finger-hole is adjacent and is mutually communicated.
Described sound-absorbing hole is spherical pore.
The a diameter of 0.4mm-3mm of described sound-absorbing hole.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is employing continuous gradient loose structure inside solid material.This structure is
The diameter making hole inside solid material increases dimension linear along solid material thickness and reduces, and then realizes porosity at thickness
Increase the linear reduction in direction.These holes are to be mutually communicated and likely occur between Kong Yukong to partly overlap.Such
The structure arrived is referred to as continuous gradient sound absorption structure in the present invention.
Side, large aperture is towards noise source when implementing for the continuous gradient structure that the present invention relates to, and reflection sound wave is less, more
Many sound waves enter sound-absorbing material, are favorably improved acoustic absorptivity.Differing in the aperture of continuous gradient structure, has the frequency that more resonates
Rate, can obtain preferable acoustically effective in broader frequency range.Additionally, sound wave is in continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material
Propagation path relatively step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material, complicated without gradient-structure sound-absorbing material so that sound wave is tied at continuous gradient
Structure sound-absorbing material is easier to energy dissipation occurs, so that having the material relatively step gradient-structure sound absorption of continuous gradient structure
Material, efficiently absorb sound without Gradient Materials that frequency range is wider, effect of low-frequency sound absorption is more preferable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material porosity of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and internal aperture are in thickness increase side
To change.
Fig. 3 is the step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 1 relates to.
Fig. 4 is continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material, step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material and the nothing that the embodiment of the present invention 1 relates to
Gradient-structure sound-absorbing material acoustic absorptivity is with the variation diagram of test frequency.
Fig. 5 is continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material, step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material and the nothing that the embodiment of the present invention 2 relates to
Gradient-structure sound-absorbing material acoustic absorptivity is with the variation diagram of test frequency.
Detailed description of the invention
The continuous gradient structure provided the present invention with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings further illustrates.
The material of preparing of the continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material related in the embodiment of the present invention uses photosensitive resin, prepares work
Skill uses 3D to print；But preparing material and be not limited to photosensitive resin, preparation technology is not limited to 3D and prints.
Embodiment 1:
As it is shown in figure 1, continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material monnolithic case is cylindrical in the present embodiment, sample diameter is
29.8mm, thickness is 30mm.Including sound-absorbing material body 1 and offer sound-absorbing hole 2 therein, described sound-absorbing hole 2
Diameter increases dimension linear along sound-absorbing material body 1 thickness and reduces, and then realizes porosity in the increase of sound-absorbing material body thickness
Linearly reducing on direction, porosity is 0.6.Its porosity and internal aperture increase the change in direction at thickness as in figure 2 it is shown, be somebody's turn to do
It is linear reduction that the gradient of continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material is embodied in along thickness increase direction porosity, the reduction of porosity
Being to be obtained by the reduction in its internal aperture, increase aperture, direction along thickness and linearly change, maximum diameter of hole is 2mm, minimum aperture
Footpath is 0.8mm.Continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material porosity φ with the relational expression of sound-absorbing material body thickness L is:
φ=0.66027-0.01407 × L,
The relational expression of the diameter D and thickness of sample L of sound-absorbing hole is:
D=1.81264-0.03936 × L.
Step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material monnolithic case is cylindrical, and sample diameter is 29.8mm, and thickness is 30mm.Such as figure
Shown in 3, this step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material is the nothing ladder of 10mm by 3 porositys respectively 0.5,0.6,0.7 and thickness
Degree structure sound-absorbing material composition, wherein refers to Uniform pore structure sound-absorbing material without gradient-structure sound-absorbing material.Without gradient in embodiment 1
Structure sound-absorbing material monnolithic case is cylindrical, and sample diameter is 29.8mm, and thickness is 30mm.This is without gradient-structure sound-absorbing material
Bore dia is 1.4mm, and porosity is 0.6.
It is continuous that the SW477 type impedance tube testing example 1 using Beijing Sheng Wang Acoustic-Electric (BSWA) Technology Co., Ltd. to manufacture relates to
Gradient-structure sound-absorbing material, step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material and the acoustic absorptivity without gradient-structure sound-absorbing material.Test frequency
Scope is 1000-6300Hz.During test continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material, the side, large aperture of continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material
Sound source towards SW477 type impedance tube.
When Fig. 4 is identical appearance (sample diameter is 29.8mm and thickness is 30mm), same porosity (0.6), ladder continuously
Degree structure sound-absorbing material, step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material and without the acoustic absorptivity of gradient-structure sound-absorbing material with the change of frequency
Figure.Wherein, GtPC-0.6-30mm represents continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material, and total porosity is 0.6, and thickness is 30mm；
GdPC-0.6-30mm represents step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material, and total porosity is 0.6, and thickness is 30mm；UPC-0.6-30mm
Indicating that, without gradient-structure sound-absorbing material, porosity is 0.6, thickness is 30mm.When frequency is about 1800Hz, continuous gradient structure
Sound-absorbing material reaches first acoustic absorptivity peak value, and just reaches first peak value without gradient-structure sound-absorbing material at 2200Hz,
I.e. continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material has more preferable effect of low-frequency sound absorption.In Fig. 4, continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material can be bright
Show and see 2 peak values, and only have 1 peak value without gradient-structure sound-absorbing material.It means that in specific frequency range, even
Continuous gradient-structure sound-absorbing material may have more acoustic absorptivity peak value, i.e. sound absorption frequency is wider.After frequency is more than 1500Hz,
Fig. 4 shows that the acoustic absorptivity low value of continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material is about 0.6, is efficient sound-absorbing material；And tie without gradient
The acoustic absorptivity low value of structure sound-absorbing material is about 0.25, the most general sound-absorbing material.Additionally, continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material
Overall sound absorbing capabilities is better than step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material；The excellent properties of step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material is relatively tied without gradient
Structure sound-absorbing material is embodied in the high band of more than 2600Hz.
Embodiment 2:
In the present embodiment, continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material monnolithic case is cylindrical, and sample diameter is 29.8mm, thickness
For 20mm.The internal aperture of this continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material increases dimension linear at thickness and reduces, and total porosity is 0.6.
The maximum diameter of hole of this continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material is 2mm, and minimum-value aperture is 0.8mm.Step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material is whole
External shape is cylindrical, and sample diameter is 29.8mm, and thickness is 20mm.This step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material is by 3 porositys
Be respectively 0.5,0.6,0.7 and thickness be 6.7mm sound-absorbing material without gradient-structure form.Sound-absorbing material without gradient-structure is whole
External shape is cylindrical, and sample diameter is 29.8mm, and thickness is 20mm.This is without gradient-structure sound-absorbing material bore dia
1.4mm, porosity is 0.6.
Use the continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material of SW477 type impedance tube testing example 2, step gradient-structure sound absorption material
Material and the acoustic absorptivity without gradient-structure sound-absorbing material.Test frequency range is 1000-6300Hz.
Fig. 5 be embodiment 2 relate to continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material, step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material and without gradient tie
The acoustic absorptivity of structure sound-absorbing material is with the variation diagram of frequency.Wherein, GtPC-0.6-20mm represents continuous gradient structure sound absorption material
Material；GdPC-0.6-20mm represents step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material；UPC-0.6-20mm indicates without gradient-structure sound-absorbing material.
Fig. 5 shows that continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material reaches first acoustic absorptivity peak value and without gradient-structure sound-absorbing material at 2300Hz
First peak value is reached at 3200Hz.After frequency is more than 1700Hz, the low value of continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material is about 0.4,
The acoustic absorptivity low value of sound-absorbing material without gradient-structure is about 0.25.Additionally, continuous gradient structure sound-absorbing material entirety is sound absorption properties
Step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material can be better than；Step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material is compared with the excellent properties without gradient-structure sound-absorbing material
It is embodied in the high band of more than 3700Hz.
By described above, the present invention obtains continuous gradient by arranging continuous gradient structure inside solid material
Structure sound-absorbing material.Embodiment 1, embodiment 2 all show that the continuous gradient structure that the present invention relates to can dissipate more sound wave
Energy, improves the frequency range that efficiently absorbs sound of structure sound-absorbing material.When identical appearance, same porosity, continuous gradient structure is inhaled
Sound material is compared with step gradient-structure sound-absorbing material, more preferable without the effect of low-frequency sound absorption of gradient-structure sound-absorbing material.
Claims (5)
1. a continuous gradient sound absorption structure, it is characterised in that: include sound-absorbing material body and offer sound absorption therein
Hole, the diameter of described sound-absorbing hole reduces along sound wave incident dimension linear, and then realizes porosity at sound wave incident dimension linear
Reducing, sound wave incident increases direction, i.e. porosity φ with the increase of sound-absorbing material body thickness L along sound-absorbing material body thickness
Linear reduction, the diameter D of sound-absorbing hole linearly reduces with the increase of sound-absorbing material body thickness L:
φ=F1(L)
D=F2(L)
In formula, F1Represent linear function, F2Represent linear function.
Continuous gradient sound absorption structure the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described sound-absorbing hole be mutually communicated and
Relatively independent with adjacent sound-absorbing hole or partly overlap.
Continuous gradient sound absorption structure the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described sound-absorbing hole is mutually communicated and refers to
One or more holes that hole is adjacent are mutually communicated.
Continuous gradient sound absorption structure the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described sound-absorbing hole is spherical pore.
Continuous gradient sound absorption structure the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: a diameter of 0.4mm-of described sound-absorbing hole
3mm。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109686354A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-26 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of spiral aperture basis of dual porosity rate sound absorber and its application |
| CN109707060A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-03 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of continuous flaring gradient aperture basis of dual porosity rate sound absorber and its application |
| CN110789466A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-14 | 吉林大学 | Marine snail-based bionic gradient porosity microstructure automobile inner front wall acoustic package structure |
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| US20050098379A1 (en) * | 2003-10-09 | 2005-05-12 | Takahiko Sato | Noise absorbing structure and noise absorbing/insulating structure |
| CN102298925A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2011-12-28 | 周国柱 | Composite sound-absorbing structure |
| CN102693718A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-09-26 | 西安交通大学 | Variable aperture cell-semiopen foam sound absorption structure |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| FR2317504A1 (en) * | 1975-06-23 | 1977-02-04 | Short Brothers & Harland Ltd | SOUND ABSORBING STRUCTURE AND GAS TURBINE ENGINE INCLUDING SUCH A STRUCTURE |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109686354A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-26 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of spiral aperture basis of dual porosity rate sound absorber and its application |
| CN109707060A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-03 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of continuous flaring gradient aperture basis of dual porosity rate sound absorber and its application |
| CN109686354B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2024-01-12 | 西安交通大学 | Spiral perforated double-porosity sound absorption device and application thereof |
| CN110789466A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-14 | 吉林大学 | Marine snail-based bionic gradient porosity microstructure automobile inner front wall acoustic package structure |
| CN110789466B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2022-07-26 | 吉林大学 | Marine snail-based bionic gradient porosity microstructure automobile inner front wall acoustic package structure |
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