CN106085093B - 耐高温高效隔热保温涂料、其制备方法及耐高温高效隔热保温材料 - Google Patents

耐高温高效隔热保温涂料、其制备方法及耐高温高效隔热保温材料 Download PDF

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CN106085093B
CN106085093B CN201610444631.1A CN201610444631A CN106085093B CN 106085093 B CN106085093 B CN 106085093B CN 201610444631 A CN201610444631 A CN 201610444631A CN 106085093 B CN106085093 B CN 106085093B
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卢鹏荐
胡涛
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Wuhan Tuocai Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于保温材料技术领域，具体涉及一种耐高温高效隔热保温涂料、其制备方法及耐高温高效隔热保温材料。耐高温高效隔热保温涂料的制备方法包括步骤：1)溶胶‑凝胶包覆改性多功能复合粉料的制备；2)水溶性高温胶黏剂的合成。耐高温高效隔热保温材料的制备方法在以上步骤的基础上还包括步骤：在基底层上涂覆耐高温高效隔热保温涂料形成保温涂层。本发明通过表面包覆改性技术制备得到的耐高温多功能复合粉料具有低热导率、高热反射率、高流动性能等优点；并采用有机无机交联络合技术合成得到的水溶性高温胶黏剂具有成膜性好、粘接力强、耐高温、环保无毒等优点；得到的保温涂层的耐温范围为‑80℃～1600℃，适合陶瓷、玻璃、金属等各种基材。

Description

耐高温高效隔热保温涂料、其制备方法及耐高温高效隔热保 温材料
技术领域
本发明属于保温材料技术领域，具体涉及一种耐高温高效隔热保温涂料、其制备方法及耐高温高效隔热保温材料。
背景技术
隔热涂料作为一种隔热手段，起到热反射隔热、热辐射隔热或是隔热保温节能的效果，对工业和民用有着非常重要的社会和经济意义。
根据隔热涂料属于功能性涂料，根据隔热作用机理的不同，可以分为阻隔型、反射型和辐射型3类隔热涂料。阻止热能传导的隔热涂料的隔热机理利用低的导热系数来屏蔽热量交换。这种涂料成膜后，涂膜中充满着孔隙，干涂膜的密度很低，其导热系数一般小于0.06W/(m·K)，所以具有很好的隔热保温性能，阻隔型隔热涂料的隔热效果与涂料涂膜厚度密切相关。热辐射隔热涂料的隔热机理是通过波的辐射形式把物吸收的热量以一定的波长发射到空气中，从而起到降温效果。反射型隔热降温涂料的隔热机理是通过涂膜的反射作用将太阳中的可见光和近红外光部分反射到外部空间，使太阳照射到涂膜上的大部分能量反射，而不是被涂膜吸收。涂料隔热性能只与涂膜表面的反射率有关，而与涂膜厚度无关。
发明内容
为解决现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种耐高温高效隔热保温涂料、其制备方法及耐高温高效隔热保温材料。
一种耐高温高效隔热保温涂料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)将混合粉料与分散剂加入水中，超声波分散均匀，形成质量百分数为10wt％～40wt％的浆料，其中，所述混合粉料包括以下质量百分含量的各组分的超细粉料：镍铬尖晶石5～15％，铜锰尖晶石4～18％，六方氮化硼1～20％，红柱石8～20％，氧化铜3～14％，氧化锆5～30％，氧化镍8～20％，氧化锰5～15％，氧化镁1～5％。
具体的，分散剂为三聚磷酸铵或六偏磷酸纳。
2)将步骤1)得到的浆料加入无水乙醇搅拌，然后加入氨水和正硅酸乙酯搅拌反应1～3h；其中，正硅酸乙酯的用量为混合粉料的5wt％～40wt％，按照摩尔比正硅酸乙酯：氨水：乙醇＝1:2～15:3～30，反应完毕依次经过滤、洗涤和干燥得到表面包覆改性的多功能复合粉料。
具体的，氨水的浓度为25wt％～28wt％。
3)将18wt％～22wt％的铝溶胶、27wt％～33wt％的磷酸二氢铝胶液、23wt％～27wt％的磷酸二氢镁胶液、23wt％～27wt％的水性酚醛树脂乳液和硅烷偶联剂按质量百分比之比5～20％：10～50％：5～25％：3～20％:0.5～5％搅拌混合均匀，然后升温至50～80℃保温1～3h，络合均化得到胶液。
4)将步骤2)得到的多功能复合粉料与步骤3)得到的胶液按质量比0.5～1:0.8～2.5混合后搅拌均匀，得到耐高温高效隔热保温涂料。
本发明还提供了根据上述耐高温高效隔热保温涂料的制备方法制备得到的保温涂料。
本发明还提供了一种耐高温高效隔热保温材料，包括基底层和所述基地层上的保温涂层，所述保温涂层由本发明所提供的保温涂料涂覆在所述基底层上得到。
具体的，所述基底层为玻璃、陶瓷或金属。
具体的，所述保温涂层的厚度为0.1～0.5mm。
本发明所提供的技术方案具有以下优点
1、通过表面包覆改性技术制备得到的耐高温多功能复合粉料具有低热导率、高热反射率、高流动性能等优点。
2、采用有机无机交联络合技术合成得到的水溶性高温胶黏剂具有成膜性好、粘接力强、耐高温、环保无毒等优点。
3、保温涂层的耐温范围为-80℃～1600℃，适合陶瓷、玻璃、金属等各种基材。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例1
1)将混合粉料与三聚磷酸铵加入水中，超声波分散均匀，形成质量百分数为40wt％的浆料，其中，所述混合粉料包括以下质量百分含量的各组分的超细粉料：镍铬尖晶石15％，铜锰尖晶石5％，六方氮化硼20％，红柱石9％，氧化铜14％，氧化锆7％，氧化镍20％，氧化锰5％，氧化镁5％。
2)将步骤1)得到的浆料加入无水乙醇搅拌，然后加入28wt％的氨水和正硅酸乙酯搅拌反应1h；其中，正硅酸乙酯的用量为混合粉料的40wt％，按照摩尔比正硅酸乙酯：氨水：乙醇＝1:10:20，反应完毕依次经过滤、洗涤和干燥得到表面包覆改性的多功能复合粉料。
3)将22wt％的铝溶胶、33wt％的磷酸二氢铝胶液、23wt％的磷酸二氢镁胶液、27wt％的水性酚醛树脂乳液和硅烷偶联剂按质量百分比之比10％：50％：25％：10％:5％搅拌混合均匀，然后升温至60℃保温2.5h，络合均化得到胶液。
4)将步骤2)得到的多功能复合粉料与步骤3)得到的胶液按质量比0.5:2.5混合后搅拌均匀，得到耐高温高效隔热保温涂料。
5)在陶瓷基底层上涂刷耐高温高效隔热保温涂料，厚度0.3mm，得到耐高温高效隔热保温材料1。
实施例2
1)将混合粉料与六偏磷酸纳加入水中，超声波分散均匀，形成质量百分数为30wt％的浆料，其中，所述混合粉料包括以下质量百分含量的各组分的超细粉料：镍铬尖晶石5％，铜锰尖晶石18％，六方氮化硼1％，红柱石20％，氧化铜3％，氧化锆29％，氧化镍8％，氧化锰15％，氧化镁1％。
2)将步骤1)得到的浆料加入无水乙醇搅拌，然后加入28wt％的氨水和正硅酸乙酯搅拌反应2h；其中，正硅酸乙酯的用量为混合粉料的30wt％，按照摩尔比正硅酸乙酯：氨水：乙醇＝1:15:25，反应完毕依次经过滤、洗涤和干燥得到表面包覆改性的多功能复合粉料。
3)将18wt％％的铝溶胶、33wt％的磷酸二氢铝胶液、23wt％的磷酸二氢镁胶液、27wt％的水性酚醛树脂乳液和硅烷偶联剂按质量百分比之比20％：40％：20％：18％:2％搅拌混合均匀，然后升温至70℃保温2.h，络合均化得到胶液。
4)将步骤2)得到的多功能复合粉料与步骤3)得到的胶液按质量比1:2混合后搅拌均匀，得到耐高温高效隔热保温涂料。
5)在玻璃基底层上涂刷耐高温高效隔热保温涂料，厚度0.4mm，得到耐高温高效隔热保温材料2。
实施例3
1)将混合粉料与六偏磷酸纳加入水中，超声波分散均匀，形成质量百分数为20wt％的浆料，其中，所述混合粉料包括以下质量百分含量的各组分的超细粉料：镍铬尖晶石10％，铜锰尖晶石12％，六方氮化硼10％，红柱石14％，氧化铜8％，氧化锆18％，氧化镍15％，氧化锰10％，氧化镁3％。
2)将步骤1)得到的浆料加入无水乙醇搅拌，然后加入28wt％的氨水和正硅酸乙酯搅拌反应3h；其中，正硅酸乙酯的用量为混合粉料的25wt％，按照摩尔比正硅酸乙酯：氨水：乙醇＝1:10:15，反应完毕依次经过滤、洗涤和干燥得到表面包覆改性的多功能复合粉料。
3)将20wt％的铝溶胶、30wt％的磷酸二氢铝胶液、25wt％的磷酸二氢镁胶液、25wt％的水性酚醛树脂乳液和硅烷偶联剂按质量百分比之比20％：45％：20％：10％:5％搅拌混合均匀，然后升温至75℃保温2.h，络合均化得到胶液。
4)将步骤2)得到的多功能复合粉料与步骤3)得到的胶液按质量比1:1混合后搅拌均匀，得到耐高温高效隔热保温涂料。
5)在玻璃基底层上涂刷耐高温高效隔热保温涂料，厚度0.5mm，得到耐高温高效隔热保温材料3。
效果例
根据耐火材料抗热震性试验方法GB/T 30873-2014进行各保温材料的抗热震性能测定，测试温度：-80℃，1000℃，1200℃和1600℃；根据GB/T17106-1997进行各保温材料的在不同温度导热率的测定，以上结果如下表：
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施方式，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种耐高温高效隔热保温涂料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)将混合粉料与分散剂加入水中，超声波分散均匀，形成质量百分数为10wt％～40wt％的浆料，其中，所述混合粉料包括以下质量百分含量的各组分的超细粉料：镍铬尖晶石5～15％，铜锰尖晶石4～18％，六方氮化硼1～20％，红柱石8～20％，氧化铜3～14％，氧化锆5～30％，氧化镍8～20％，氧化锰5～15％，氧化镁1～5％，所述分散剂为三聚磷酸铵或六偏磷酸钠；
2)将步骤1)得到的浆料加入无水乙醇搅拌，然后加入氨水和正硅酸乙酯搅拌反应1～3h；其中，正硅酸乙酯的用量为混合粉料的5wt％～40wt％，按照摩尔比正硅酸乙酯：氨水：乙醇＝1:2～15:3～30，反应完毕依次经过滤、洗涤和干燥得到表面包覆改性的多功能复合粉料，步骤2)中，氨水的浓度为25wt％～28wt％；
3)将18wt％～22wt％的铝溶胶、27wt％～33wt％的磷酸二氢铝胶液、23wt％～27wt％的磷酸二氢镁胶液、23wt％～27wt％的水性酚醛树脂乳液和硅烷偶联剂按质量百分比之比5～20％：10～50％：5～25％：3～20％:0.5～5％搅拌混合均匀，然后升温至50～80℃保温1～3h，络合均化得到胶液；
4)将步骤2)得到的多功能复合粉料与步骤3)得到的胶液按质量比0.5～1:0.8～2.5混合后搅拌均匀，得到耐高温高效隔热保温涂料。
2.一种根据权利要求1所述的耐高温高效隔热保温涂料的制备方法制备得到的保温涂料。
3.一种耐高温高效隔热保温材料，其特征在于，包括基底层和所述基底层上的保温涂层，所述保温涂层由权利要求2所述的保温涂料涂覆在所述基底层上得到。
4.根据权利要求3所述的耐高温高效隔热保温材料，其特征在于：所述基底层为玻璃、陶瓷或金属。
5.根据权利要求3所述的耐高温高效隔热保温材料，其特征在于：所述保温涂层的厚度为0.1～0.5mm。
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