CN106079777A - 一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材 - Google Patents

一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材 Download PDF

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CN106079777A
CN106079777A CN201610663554.9A CN201610663554A CN106079777A CN 106079777 A CN106079777 A CN 106079777A CN 201610663554 A CN201610663554 A CN 201610663554A CN 106079777 A CN106079777 A CN 106079777A
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layer
pet
sheet material
shock resistance
wheel cover
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CN106079777B (zh
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曹纯才
左少丰
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Changshu New Changtai Automobile Interior Technology Co., Ltd.
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KUNSHAN TONGCHANG AUTOMOTIVE NEW MATERIALS Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,包括PP塑料层,所述PP塑料层的正面设有PET/PP短纤维无纺布层,所述PP塑料层的反面设有膨胀缓冲层,所述PET/PP短纤维无纺布层正面设有防水防油层,所述防水防油层的正面设有耐磨层;本发明同时还提供了一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材的制造方法;本发明提供的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材外形美观,手感柔软,所述抗冲击板材制造工艺简单、板材性价比高、重量轻、耐刮擦、低气味、抗冲击性能强;再者,本发明所提供的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材还具有良好的阻燃作用,并在此基础上增强了板材的防水防油性能和耐磨性能。

Description

一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材
技术领域
本发明涉及板材领域,具体涉及一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材。
背景技术
随着经济的快速发展,人们生活水平的不断提高,汽车工业发展迅速,人们对汽车的要求不仅仅是汽车本身的质量、功能及外观的优美,对汽车的内部装饰的要求也越来越高。
现有汽车行李厢备胎盖板上的覆合材料大多是采用针刺地毯类、棉毡类材料,而所谓地毯类材料主要是以棉、麻、毛、丝、草等天然纤维或化学合成纤维类原料,经手工或机械工艺进行编结、栽绒或纺织而成的地面铺敷物。
它是世界范围内具有悠久历史传统的工艺美术品类之一。覆盖于住宅、宾馆、体育馆、展览厅、车辆、船舶、飞机等的地面,有减少噪声、隔热和装饰效果。
然而,现有汽车行李厢备胎盖板上的覆合材料,其主要成分是PP/PET纤维,经过梳理、针刺、起绒得到;其优点是外形美观,手感柔软,但缺点是制造工序多、成本高、不耐刮擦、不防水、抗冲击性能差。
所以本发明基于此缺点,制造出一种新型聚丙烯板材,此板材制造工艺简单、板材性价比高、重量轻、耐刮擦、低气味、抗冲击性能强。
发明内容
为解决上述存在的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材及其制造方法,所述的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材外形美观,手感柔软,并且所述抗冲击板材制造工艺简单、板材性价比高、重量轻、耐刮擦、低气味、抗冲击性能强;再者,所述的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材还具有良好的阻燃作用,并在此基础上增强了板材的防水防油性能和耐磨性能。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,包括PP塑料层,所述PP塑料层的厚度为0.6~0.8 mm,所述PP塑料层强度高,抗冲击性好;所述PP塑料层的正面设有PET/PP短纤维无纺布层,所述PET/PP短纤维无纺布层手感柔软,外表美观,具有优异的使用价值和美观性能,所述PET/PP短纤维无纺布层包括重量配比为50~60份的PET短纤维和30~40份的PP短纤维,所述PET/PP短纤维无纺布层的厚度为0.3~0.5 mm;所述PP塑料层的反面设有膨胀缓冲层,所述膨胀缓冲层的厚度为0.2~0.3 mm,通过采用PP板材结合膨胀缓冲层进一步优化产品的耐刮擦性能和抗冲击性能,使板材整体上具有更好的韧性和强度。
所述膨胀缓冲层包括以下重量配比原料:
聚氨酯:45~55份,PET:30~40份,纳米碳纤维:3~5份,膨润土:1~2份,白油:2~3份,柠檬酸:0.1~1份,乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷:0.1~1份,葵二酸二辛酯:2~3份,抗冲击改性剂:1~2份。
进一步,所述抗冲击改性剂为苯乙烯共聚物。
进一步,所述PET/PP短纤维无纺布层正面设有防水防油层,所述防水防油层的厚度为0.1~0.2 mm,所述防水防油层的平方克重为100~150 g/m2,所述防水防油层包括以下重量配比原料:
环氧树脂:40~50份;PP:20~30份;聚乙烯乳蜡液:5~10份,偶联剂:0.1~1份;阻燃剂:0.5~1份;抗菌剂:1~2份;增塑剂:1~2份;稳定剂:0.5~1份;相熔剂:0.5~1份;固化剂:1~1.5份。
进一步,所述防水防油层的正面设有耐磨层,所述耐磨层为ABS树脂层;所述耐磨层的厚度为0.1~0.2 mm,通过增加所述耐磨层增加产品的耐磨作用,延长产品的使用寿命。
进一步,所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷;所述阻燃剂为DMMP与季戊四醇的混合物,所述偶联剂是一种有机硅烷偶联剂,可降低合成树脂熔体的粘度,改善填充剂的分散度以提高加工性能,进而使制品获得良好的表面质量及机械、热和电性能等,并且该偶联剂相较于一些金属偶联剂而言,本身更加环保。
另,所述抗菌剂为茶树精油,所述抗菌剂具有很好的抗菌性,可以防止细菌的滋生,延长地毯的使用寿命;所述增塑剂为二甘醇二苯甲酸酯,通过将二甘醇二苯甲酸酯加入到防水防油层中使其塑化效果增强,还使其柔韧性增强,更加容易加工。
另有,所述稳定剂为钙锌复合稳定剂与季戊四醇重量组份比例为1:2的混合物;所述相熔剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯PP-g-MAH;所述固化剂为三甲基六亚甲基二胺。
本发明加入所述稳定剂可以使得粘合防水防油层性质更加稳定,防止其分解、老化,同时钙锌复合稳定剂相较于其他一些金属铅类等稳定剂而言,不仅稳定效果好,同时还无毒、环保,和季戊四醇混合后,其稳定效果可以得到进一步增强;所述相熔剂能大大提高复合材料的相容性和填料的分散性,从而提高复合材料机械强度,并且物质本身无毒;通过添加所述固化剂可以增进固化反应速度,减少反应时间,同时三甲基六亚甲基二胺本身还可以起到提高产品的耐磨性和机械强度的作用,并且其价格低廉、无毒。
再,所述一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
A:PET/PP短纤维无纺布层的制造:将重量配比为50~60份的PET短纤维和30~40份的PP短纤维投入到开松机中进行开松;然后将开松处理后的PET/PP短纤维放入混棉箱中进行混合;然后将混合均匀的PET/PP短纤维放入到梳理机中进行疏平;疏平结束后将PET/PP短纤维送入到铺网机中进行折叠铺网,并铺成多层纤维网;铺网结束后将PET/PP短纤维送入到针刺机中进行针刺加工处理;针刺加工处理后的产品送入烘箱进行定型处理,定型后的产品送入起绒机进行起绒处理,起绒处理后的产品再次送入烘箱进行定型处理即可制得PET/PP短纤维无纺布层;
B:PP塑料层的制造:将高粘度的PP粒子经过结晶、干燥后投入到螺杆挤压机中,然后在高温熔融状态下进行挤压,并通过成型模具挤出,流延至平稳旋转的冷却辊筒的辊面上,膜片在冷却辊筒上进行冷却降温定型,定型后进行压花处理,最后经牵引、切边后制得PP塑料层;
C:将PET/PP短纤维无纺布层的背部进行喷胶,然后通过热烫复合机和PP塑料层的正面进行有效复合,其中复合温度为160~170℃;
D:膨胀缓冲层的制造:按所述配方进行配料,将配好的物料混合搅拌均匀,然后再经过溶胶机进行融合得到膨胀缓冲层共混物;
E:将熔融状态的膨胀缓冲层的共混物注射到上胶机的储胶槽内,然后将步骤C中得到的产品的背部穿过上胶机储胶槽上方,先后经过上胶机进行涂胶、刮板、牵引、切片,最后将贴合定型成为一体,然后通过定型机进行加热,模压成型,其中温度200~220℃,保压时间90~100秒;
F:防水防油层的制造:按所述配方进行配料,将配好的物料混合均匀,然后涂布到步骤E制得的产品的正面,并通过烘干机在150~160℃下烘干,烘干时间10~15 min;
G:将ABS树脂与步骤F中得到的产品正面通过热烫复合机有效复合在一起,其中复合温度为150~160℃,得到一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材。
再有,所述步骤D中溶胶机进行融合的温度为200~220℃,融合的时间为12~18min。
本发明的有益效果在于:
(1)本发明提供的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,具有PET/PP短纤维无纺布层,并且通过起绒定型而成,手感柔软,外形美观,具有优异的使用价值和美观的性能。
(2)所述的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,通过采用PP板材结合膨胀缓冲层和耐磨层使其具备优异的耐刮擦性能和抗冲击性能,使板材整体上具有很好的韧性和强度。
(3)本发明所述的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,通过在材料合成的过程中添加一定的阻燃剂和抗菌剂,改善了整体材料的阻燃性能和抗菌性能,进一步增加了材料的性价比。
(4)本发明提供的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,重量轻,气味低,并且VOC数值含量较低,符合汽车空气质量要求,不影响乘车人的安全健康。
(5)本发明提供的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材的制造方法,在制造过程中,基本上无污染物质产生,是一种环境友好型的生产方法,并且,用到的机器都是通用仪器,其生产成本较低,生产条件也比较容易控制,因此,生产的难度较低,便于大面积推广,进行工业化生产。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例中一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材的结构示意图;
其中,1为膨胀缓冲层,2为PP塑料层,3为PET/PP短纤维无纺布层,4为防水防油层,5为耐磨层。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一
一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,包括PP塑料层(2),所述PP塑料层(2)的厚度为0.7 mm;所述PP塑料层(2)的正面设有PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3),所述PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3)包括重量配比为55份的PET短纤维和36份的PP短纤维,所述PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3)的厚度为0.42 mm;所述PP塑料层(2)的反面设有膨胀缓冲层(1),所述膨胀缓冲层(1)的厚度为0.25 mm,所述膨胀缓冲层(1)包括以下重量配比原料:
聚氨酯:50份,PET:34份,纳米碳纤维:4.2份,膨润土:1.56份,白油:2.48份,柠檬酸:0.6份,乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷:0.58份,葵二酸二辛酯:2.5份,抗冲击改性剂:1.6份。
进一步,所述抗冲击改性剂为苯乙烯共聚物。
进一步,所述PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3)正面设有防水防油层(4),所述防水防油层(4)的厚度为0.15 mm,所述防水防油层(4)的平方克重为130 g/m2,所述防水防油层(4)包括以下重量配比原料:
环氧树脂:44份;PP:26份;聚乙烯乳蜡液:7.6份,偶联剂:0.5份;阻燃剂:0.8份;抗菌剂:1.54份;增塑剂:1.52份;稳定剂:0.75份;相熔剂:0.7份;固化剂:1.3份。
进一步,所述防水防油层(4)的正面设有耐磨层(5),所述耐磨层(5)为ABS树脂层;所述耐磨层(5)的厚度为0.16 mm。
进一步,所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷;所述阻燃剂为DMMP与季戊四醇的混合物。
另,所述抗菌剂为茶树精油;所述增塑剂为二甘醇二苯甲酸酯。
另有,所述稳定剂为钙锌复合稳定剂与季戊四醇重量组份比例为1:2的混合物;所述相熔剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯PP-g-MAH;所述固化剂为三甲基六亚甲基二胺。
再,所述一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
A:PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3)的制造:将重量配比为55份的PET短纤维和36份的PP短纤维投入到开松机中进行开松;然后将开松处理后的PET/PP短纤维放入混棉箱中进行混合;然后将混合均匀的PET/PP短纤维放入到梳理机中进行疏平;疏平结束后将PET/PP短纤维送入到铺网机中进行折叠铺网,并铺成多层纤维网;铺网结束后将PET/PP短纤维送入到针刺机中进行针刺加工处理;针刺加工处理后的产品送入烘箱进行定型处理,定型后的产品送入起绒机进行起绒处理,起绒处理后的产品再次送入烘箱进行定型处理即可制得PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3);
B:PP塑料层(2)的制造:将高粘度的PP粒子经过结晶、干燥后投入到螺杆挤压机中,然后在高温熔融状态下进行挤压,并通过成型模具挤出,流延至平稳旋转的冷却辊筒的辊面上,膜片在冷却辊筒上进行冷却降温定型,定型后进行压花处理,最后经牵引、切边后制得PP塑料层(2);
C:将PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3)的背部进行喷胶,然后通过热烫复合机和PP塑料层(2)的正面进行有效复合,其中复合温度为165℃;
D:膨胀缓冲层(1)的制造:按所述配方进行配料,将配好的物料混合搅拌均匀,然后再经过溶胶机进行融合得到膨胀缓冲层(1)共混物;
E:将熔融状态的膨胀缓冲层(1)的共混物注射到上胶机的储胶槽内,然后将步骤C中得到的产品的背部穿过上胶机储胶槽上方,先后经过上胶机进行涂胶、刮板、牵引、切片,最后将贴合定型成为一体,然后通过定型机进行加热,模压成型,其中温度210℃,保压时间95秒;
F:防水防油层(4)的制造:按所述配方进行配料,将配好的物料混合均匀,然后涂布到步骤E制得的产品的正面,并通过烘干机在155℃下烘干,烘干时间12 min;
G:将ABS树脂与步骤F中得到的产品正面通过热烫复合机有效复合在一起,其中复合温度为155℃,得到一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材。
再有,所述步骤D中溶胶机进行融合的温度为210℃,融合的时间为15 min。
实施例二
一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,包括PP塑料层(2),所述PP塑料层(2)的厚度为0.62 mm;所述PP塑料层(2)的正面设有PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3),所述PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3)包括重量配比为52份的PET短纤维和38份的PP短纤维,所述PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3)的厚度为0.35 mm;所述PP塑料层(2)的反面设有膨胀缓冲层(1),所述膨胀缓冲层(1)的厚度为0.28 mm,所述膨胀缓冲层(1)包括以下重量配比原料:
聚氨酯:53份,PET:32份,纳米碳纤维:3.4份,膨润土:1.2份,白油:2.9份,柠檬酸:0.2份,乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷:0.2份,葵二酸二辛酯:2.1份,抗冲击改性剂:1.8份。
进一步,所述抗冲击改性剂为苯乙烯共聚物。
进一步,所述PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3)正面设有防水防油层(4),所述防水防油层(4)的厚度为0.12 mm,所述防水防油层(4)的平方克重为100 g/m2,所述防水防油层(4)包括以下重量配比原料:
环氧树脂:42份;PP:28份;聚乙烯乳蜡液:10份,偶联剂:1份;阻燃剂:0.5份;抗菌剂:1份;增塑剂:1.2份;稳定剂:0.8份;相熔剂:0.5份;固化剂:1.5份。
进一步,所述防水防油层(4)的正面设有耐磨层(5),所述耐磨层(5)为ABS树脂层;所述耐磨层(5)的厚度为0.1 mm。
进一步,所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷;所述阻燃剂为DMMP与季戊四醇的混合物。
另,所述抗菌剂为茶树精油;所述增塑剂为二甘醇二苯甲酸酯。
另有,所述稳定剂为钙锌复合稳定剂与季戊四醇重量组份比例为1:2的混合物;所述相熔剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯PP-g-MAH;所述固化剂为三甲基六亚甲基二胺。
再,所述一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
A:PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3)的制造:将重量配比为52份的PET短纤维和38份的PP短纤维投入到开松机中进行开松;然后将开松处理后的PET/PP短纤维放入混棉箱中进行混合;然后将混合均匀的PET/PP短纤维放入到梳理机中进行疏平;疏平结束后将PET/PP短纤维送入到铺网机中进行折叠铺网,并铺成多层纤维网;铺网结束后将PET/PP短纤维送入到针刺机中进行针刺加工处理;针刺加工处理后的产品送入烘箱进行定型处理,定型后的产品送入起绒机进行起绒处理,起绒处理后的产品再次送入烘箱进行定型处理即可制得PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3);
B:PP塑料层(2)的制造:将高粘度的PP粒子经过结晶、干燥后投入到螺杆挤压机中,然后在高温熔融状态下进行挤压,并通过成型模具挤出,流延至平稳旋转的冷却辊筒的辊面上,膜片在冷却辊筒上进行冷却降温定型,定型后进行压花处理,最后经牵引、切边后制得PP塑料层(2);
C:将PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3)的背部进行喷胶,然后通过热烫复合机和PP塑料层(2)的正面进行有效复合,其中复合温度为160℃;
D:膨胀缓冲层(1)的制造:按所述配方进行配料,将配好的物料混合搅拌均匀,然后再经过溶胶机进行融合得到膨胀缓冲层(1)共混物;
E:将熔融状态的膨胀缓冲层(1)的共混物注射到上胶机的储胶槽内,然后将步骤C中得到的产品的背部穿过上胶机储胶槽上方,先后经过上胶机进行涂胶、刮板、牵引、切片,最后将贴合定型成为一体,然后通过定型机进行加热,模压成型,其中温度220℃,保压时间90秒;
F:防水防油层(4)的制造:按所述配方进行配料,将配好的物料混合均匀,然后涂布到步骤E制得的产品的正面,并通过烘干机在150下烘干,烘干时间10 min;
G:将ABS树脂与步骤F中得到的产品正面通过热烫复合机有效复合在一起,其中复合温度为150℃,得到一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材。
再有,所述步骤D中溶胶机进行融合的温度为200℃,融合的时间为18 min。
实施例三
一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,包括PP塑料层(2),所述PP塑料层(2)的厚度为0.8 mm;所述PP塑料层(2)的正面设有PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3),所述PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3)包括重量配比为60份的PET短纤维和30份的PP短纤维,所述PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3)的厚度为0.5 mm;所述PP塑料层(2)的反面设有膨胀缓冲层(1),所述膨胀缓冲层(1)的厚度为0.2 mm,所述膨胀缓冲层(1)包括以下重量配比原料:
聚氨酯:46份,PET:38份,纳米碳纤维: 5份,膨润土:1.8份,白油:2份,柠檬酸:0.8份,乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷:1份,葵二酸二辛酯:2.9份,抗冲击改性剂:1.2份。
进一步,所述抗冲击改性剂为苯乙烯共聚物。
进一步,所述PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3)正面设有防水防油层(4),所述防水防油层(4)的厚度为0.2 mm,所述防水防油层(4)的平方克重为150 g/m2,所述防水防油层(4)包括以下重量配比原料:
环氧树脂: 50份;PP:20份;聚乙烯乳蜡液:5份,偶联剂:0.1份;阻燃剂:0.9份;抗菌剂:2份;增塑剂:2份;稳定剂:0.5份;相熔剂:1份;固化剂:1.1份。
进一步,所述防水防油层(4)的正面设有耐磨层(5),所述耐磨层(5)为ABS树脂层;所述耐磨层的厚度为0.2 mm。
进一步,所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷;所述阻燃剂为DMMP与季戊四醇的混合物。
另,所述抗菌剂为茶树精油;所述增塑剂为二甘醇二苯甲酸酯。
另有,所述稳定剂为钙锌复合稳定剂与季戊四醇重量组份比例为1:2的混合物;所述相熔剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯PP-g-MAH;所述固化剂为三甲基六亚甲基二胺。
再,所述一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
A:PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3)的制造:将重量配比为60份的PET短纤维和30份的PP短纤维投入到开松机中进行开松;然后将开松处理后的PET/PP短纤维放入混棉箱中进行混合;然后将混合均匀的PET/PP短纤维放入到梳理机中进行疏平;疏平结束后将PET/PP短纤维送入到铺网机中进行折叠铺网,并铺成多层纤维网;铺网结束后将PET/PP短纤维送入到针刺机中进行针刺加工处理;针刺加工处理后的产品送入烘箱进行定型处理,定型后的产品送入起绒机进行起绒处理,起绒处理后的产品再次送入烘箱进行定型处理即可制得PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3);
B:PP塑料层(2)的制造:将高粘度的PP粒子经过结晶、干燥后投入到螺杆挤压机中,然后在高温熔融状态下进行挤压,并通过成型模具挤出,流延至平稳旋转的冷却辊筒的辊面上,膜片在冷却辊筒上进行冷却降温定型,定型后进行压花处理,最后经牵引、切边后制得PP塑料层(2);
C:将PET/PP短纤维无纺布层(3)的背部进行喷胶,然后通过热烫复合机和PP塑料层(2)的正面进行有效复合,其中复合温度为170℃;
D:膨胀缓冲层(1)的制造:按所述配方进行配料,将配好的物料混合搅拌均匀,然后再经过溶胶机进行融合得到膨胀缓冲层(1)共混物;
E:将熔融状态的膨胀缓冲层(1)的共混物注射到上胶机的储胶槽内,然后将步骤C中得到的产品的背部穿过上胶机储胶槽上方,先后经过上胶机进行涂胶、刮板、牵引、切片,最后将贴合定型成为一体,然后通过定型机进行加热,模压成型,其中温度200℃,保压时间100秒;
F:防水防油层(4)的制造:按所述配方进行配料,将配好的物料混合均匀,然后涂布到步骤E制得的产品的正面,并通过烘干机在160℃下烘干,烘干时间15 min;
G:将ABS树脂与步骤F中得到的产品正面通过热烫复合机有效复合在一起,其中复合温度为160℃,得到一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材。
再有,所述步骤D中溶胶机进行融合的温度为220℃,融合的时间为12 min。
本发明提供的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,具有PET/PP短纤维无纺布层,并且通过起绒定型而成,手感柔软,外形美观,具有优异的使用价值和美观的性能。其次,所述的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,通过采用PP板材结合膨胀缓冲层和耐磨层使其具备优异的耐刮擦性能和抗冲击性能,使板材整体上具有很好的韧性和强度。同时,本发明所述的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,通过在材料合成的过程中添加一定的阻燃剂和抗菌剂,改善了整体材料的阻燃性能和抗菌性能,进一步增加了材料的性价比。再者,所述的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,重量轻,气味低,并且VOC数值含量较低,符合汽车空气质量要求,不影响乘车人的安全健康。此外,本发明提供的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材的制造方法,在制造过程中,基本上无污染物质产生,是一种环境友好型的生产方法,并且,用到的机器都是通用仪器,其生产成本较低,生产条件也比较容易控制,因此,生产的难度较低,便于大面积推广,进行工业化生产。
需要说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制。尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围中。

Claims (9)

1. 一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,其特征在于,包括PP塑料层,所述PP塑料层的厚度为0.6~0.8 mm;
所述PP塑料层的正面设有PET/PP短纤维无纺布层,所述PET/PP短纤维无纺布层包括重量配比为50~60份的PET短纤维和30~40份的PP短纤维,所述PET/PP短纤维无纺布层的厚度为0.3~0.5 mm;
所述PP塑料层的反面设有膨胀缓冲层,所述膨胀缓冲层的厚度为0.2~0.3 mm,所述膨胀缓冲层包括以下重量配比原料:
聚氨酯:45~55份,PET:30~40份,纳米碳纤维:3~5份,膨润土:1~2份,白油:2~3份,柠檬酸:0.1~1份,乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷:0.1~1份,葵二酸二辛酯:2~3份,抗冲击改性剂:1~2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,其特征在于,所述抗冲击改性剂为苯乙烯共聚物。
3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,其特征在于,所述PET/PP短纤维无纺布层正面设有防水防油层,所述防水防油层的厚度为0.1~0.2 mm,所述防水防油层的平方克重为100~150 g/m2,所述防水防油层包括以下重量配比原料:
环氧树脂:40~50份;PP:20~30份;聚乙烯乳蜡液:5~10份,偶联剂:0.1~1份;阻燃剂:0.5~1份;抗菌剂:1~2份;增塑剂:1~2份;稳定剂:0.5~1份;相熔剂:0.5~1份;固化剂:1~1.5份。
4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,其特征在于,所述防水防油层的正面设有耐磨层,所述耐磨层为ABS树脂层;所述耐磨层的厚度为0.1~0.2mm。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,其特征在于,所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷;所述阻燃剂为DMMP与季戊四醇的混合物。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,其特征在于,所述抗菌剂为茶树精油;所述增塑剂为二甘醇二苯甲酸酯。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材,其特征在于,所述稳定剂为钙锌复合稳定剂与季戊四醇重量组份比例为1:2的混合物;所述相熔剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯PP-g-MAH;所述固化剂为三甲基六亚甲基二胺。
8.一种如权利要求4所述的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材的制造方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
A:PET/PP短纤维无纺布层的制造:将重量配比为50~60份的PET短纤维和30~40份的PP短纤维投入到开松机中进行开松;然后将开松处理后的PET/PP短纤维放入混棉箱中进行混合;然后将混合均匀的PET/PP短纤维放入到梳理机中进行疏平;疏平结束后将PET/PP短纤维送入到铺网机中进行折叠铺网,并铺成多层纤维网;铺网结束后将PET/PP短纤维送入到针刺机中进行针刺加工处理;针刺加工处理后的产品送入烘箱进行定型处理,定型后的产品送入起绒机进行起绒处理,起绒处理后的产品再次送入烘箱进行定型处理即可制得PET/PP短纤维无纺布层;
B:PP塑料层的制造:将高粘度的PP粒子经过结晶、干燥后投入到螺杆挤压机中,然后在高温熔融状态下进行挤压,并通过成型模具挤出,流延至平稳旋转的冷却辊筒的辊面上,膜片在冷却辊筒上进行冷却降温定型,定型后进行压花处理,最后经牵引、切边后制得PP塑料层;
C:将PET/PP短纤维无纺布层的背部进行喷胶,然后通过热烫复合机和PP塑料层的正面进行有效复合,其中复合温度为160~170℃;
D:膨胀缓冲层的制造:按所述配方进行配料,将配好的物料混合搅拌均匀,然后再经过溶胶机进行融合得到膨胀缓冲层共混物;
E:将熔融状态的膨胀缓冲层的共混物注射到上胶机的储胶槽内,然后将步骤C中得到的产品的背部穿过上胶机储胶槽上方,先后经过上胶机进行涂胶、刮板、牵引、切片,最后将贴合定型成为一体,然后通过定型机进行加热,模压成型,其中温度200~220℃,保压时间90~100秒;
F:防水防油层的制造:按所述配方进行配料,将配好的物料混合均匀,然后涂布到步骤E制得的产品的正面,并通过烘干机在150~160℃下烘干,烘干时间10~15 min;
G:将ABS树脂与步骤F中得到的产品正面通过热烫复合机有效复合在一起,其中复合温度为150~160℃,得到一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材。
9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种汽车行李箱备胎盖用的抗冲击板材的制造方法,其特征在于,所述步骤D中溶胶机进行融合的温度为200~220℃,融合的时间为12~18 min。
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