CN106077609B - High tenacity iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy - Google Patents
High tenacity iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy Download PDFInfo
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- CN106077609B CN106077609B CN201610423782.9A CN201610423782A CN106077609B CN 106077609 B CN106077609 B CN 106077609B CN 201610423782 A CN201610423782 A CN 201610423782A CN 106077609 B CN106077609 B CN 106077609B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/105—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing inorganic lubricating or binding agents, e.g. metal salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high tenacity iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy, are made of the raw material of following mass percent：Graphite is 1.7 2.6%, and chromium powder is 1.4 1.5%, and cobalt powder is 4.5 4.8%, and aluminium powder is 1.6 1.8%, and silica flour is 1.56 1.77%, and zirconium powder is 0.4 0.7%, and niobium powder is 1.3 1.41%, and hafnium powder is 0.13 0.21%, and auxiliary agent is 4.0 5.0%, and surplus is iron powder.The iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy of the present invention is outside the anti-corrosion, high temperature resistant and wear-resisting property for ensureing well to have, also there is outstanding mechanical property and stability, make iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy that there is good alloy property and structural stability can, prevents valve seating from brittle fracture occurs because of high rigidity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engine component manufacturing field, more particularly to a kind of high tenacity iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy.
Background technology
Valve seating is important spare part in automobile engine, and in the valve actuating mechanism of engine, valve seating is coordinated with valve
Cooperation plays the role of sealing to cylinder jointly.With automobile fast development, by many kinds of force, (machinery rushes valve seating at work
Hit, high-temperature gas wash away and rotten candle, the wearing of dust, cold and hot stress alternation) collective effect, be very easy to generate shape and become
Change, high temperature scaling loss, or even produces fracture.In the traditional heat resisting steel or special alloy cast iron valve seating used, burning can be utilized
When lead gasoline, lead-containing compounds caused by P, S in burning gases are attached to the outer surface of valve seating, to play lubrication, subtract
The effect to rub.However since in burning, the substances such as Pb, S for being discharged and metal collective effect are also easy to produce high temperature to doped fuel
Corruption candle causes valve seating to be destroyed, and pollutes environment, so doped fuel is stopped use substantially.Valve seating is working in this way
The effect that lubricant will be served as because of no leaded object in the process, to reduce the service life of valve seating in use,
The problems such as thus easily generating " valve sinking " or even failing, makes the dynamic property meeting degradation of engine, starts
The performance of machine and the quality of vehicle all can be by serious influences.
Extend in view of this, the material with excellent high temperature resistance, good wear-resisting property and corrosion resisting property becomes
One of the key of valve seating service life.People, which begin one's study, thus develops powder metallurgy valve seat material, this is primarily due to
PM technique is simple, and disclosure satisfy that different production requirements.At present, external many developed countries have begun to use
Powder metallurgy produces engine valve seat, since China is for the production technology of powder metallurgically manufacturing valve seat insert and immature,
It is in exploration and development phase, therefore, if can be had excellent performance, the relatively low powder metallurgy valve seat material of manufacturing cost
Material is the research direction of technical staff.
Invention content
The goal of the invention of the present invention is：In view of the above problems, a kind of high tenacity ferrous based powder metallurgical gas is provided
Gate seat, makes iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy outside the anti-corrosion, high temperature resistant and wear-resisting property for ensureing well to have, and also has outstanding
Mechanical property and stability make iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy have good alloy property and structural stability can, prevent gas
Because of high rigidity brittle fracture occurs for gate seat.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：A kind of high tenacity iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy, by following quality percentage
The raw material of ratio is made：Graphite is 1.7-2.6%, chromium powder 1.4-1.5%, cobalt powder 4.5-4.8%, aluminium powder 1.6-1.8%,
Silica flour is 1.56-1.77%, zirconium powder 0.4-0.7%, niobium powder 1.3-1.41%, and hafnium powder is 0.13-0.21%, and auxiliary agent is
4.0-5.0%, surplus are iron powder.
In above-mentioned raw materials formula, graphite, chromium powder, cobalt powder and silica flour are the common element in powder metallurgy valve seat, aluminium powder
Addition can form ferroaluminium in sintering process with iron, ferroaluminium has good anti-corrosion under room temperature and hot environment
Property and inoxidizability can replace expensive nickel element with this, reduce the cost of material of valve seating；Niobium can improve ferrous alloy powder
The mechanical property of powder metallurgical valve seat, can significantly improve the compression strength of iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy, and niobium occurs after sintering
Metallurgical reaction is captured the oxygen element in alloy and is evenly distributed in matrix, to the structure group of iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy
No influence is knitted, is a kind of good enhancing element；Zirconium can refine the structure organization of iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy, promote fine grain
It generates, prevents growing up for crystal grain, increase pinning dislocation, stablize substructure, macroscopically improve the hardness and tensile strength of material,
Meanwhile zirconium can also form FeZr3 phases with iron in matrix, reduce the porosity of alloy material, make up powdered metallurgical material porosity
High disadvantage, in addition, zirconium can also form the ZrTi of low melting point with titanium, ZrTi is uniformly spread within the organization, and mutually overlap joint forms tool
There are some strength and the Zr-Ti skeletons of plasticity, other alloying pellets to fill therebetween, enhances the toughness and density of material；Hafnium energy
Stable carbide is formed with carbon, hard hafnium carbide can enhance the wear-resisting property of valve seating, while in hafnium particle surface energy
The oxide HfO2 more more stable than its carbide is formed, as the effect of niobium, can also play and capture oxygen element to reach purification
The purpose of crystal boundary, in addition, the carbide of hafnium, which can also slow down MC type carbide, resolves into brittleness M23C6 phases, and then stabilizing material
Alloy property.Further, the auxiliary agent is made of the raw material of following masses percentage：The lubricant of 60--70%, 15-20%
The zinc oxide of Nano titanium dioxide and 15-20%.
Further, the lubricant is nickel packet molybdenum disulfide,.
Further, the graphite is flaky graphite, and grain size is 55-75 μm.
Further, it is contemplated that influence of the raw material particle size to powdered metallurgical material, the iron powder are the mist of 100-130 μm of grain size
Change iron powder, chromium powder, cobalt powder, aluminium powder, silica flour, zirconium powder, niobium powder and hafnium powder grain size be 75-100 μm.
Preferably, a kind of high tenacity iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy, is made of the raw material of following mass percent：Graphite
It is 2.2%, chromium powder 1.4%, cobalt powder 4.5%, aluminium powder 1.8%, silica flour 1.77%, zirconium powder 0.6%, niobium powder is
1.36%, hafnium powder is 0.18%, and auxiliary agent 4.8%, surplus is iron powder；The auxiliary agent by following masses percentage raw material system
At：65% lubricant, 18% Nano titanium dioxide and 17% zinc oxide, the lubricant be nickel packet molybdenum disulfide,
The graphite is flaky graphite, and grain size is 55-75 μm, and the iron powder is the atomized iron powder of 100-130 μm of grain size, chromium powder, cobalt
Powder, aluminium powder, silica flour, zirconium powder, niobium powder and hafnium powder grain size be 75-100 μm.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：In original basic components
On, by adding the alloying elements such as aluminium, niobium and zirconium, to reduce the voidage of valve seating, improve consistency, thinning microstructure crystal grain,
Resistance to compression and tensile strength are promoted, the alloy property of valve seating and mechanical property is made to be improved significantly, and the addition of hafnium can not only
Improve the wearability of valve seating, moreover it is possible to improve the toughness of valve seating, to a certain extent, improve the elasticity of valve seating, bending resistance and
Shear behavior alleviates the brittle fracture that valve seating is generated by excessive high hardness, promotes the stability of valve seating, therefore, the present invention
Iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy outside the anti-corrosion, high temperature resistant and wear-resisting property for ensureing well to have, also there is outstanding mechanics
Performance and stability are measured by experiment, and the hardness number of iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy of the invention reaches 60-75HRC, radial
Crushing strength reaches 886-952MPa, and tensile strength reaches 1203-1260MPa, and toughness reaches 8.1-8.6MPam1/2, material
Consistency reach 98.2-98.7%, according to hypervelocity durability-testing machines specification, to the present invention valve seating carry out the durable examination that exceeds the speed limit
After testing, apparent sinkage does not occur, illustrates that the wear-resisting property of the valve seating in the present invention is good.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment one
A kind of high tenacity iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy, is made of the raw material of following mass percent：Graphite is 1.9%,
Chromium powder is 1.46%, cobalt powder 4.7%, aluminium powder 1.69%, silica flour 1.61%, zirconium powder 0.6%, niobium powder 1.38%,
Hafnium powder is 0.13%, and auxiliary agent 4.3%, surplus is iron powder；The auxiliary agent is made of the raw material of following masses percentage：66%
Lubricant, 17% Nano titanium dioxide and 17% zinc oxide, the lubricant are nickel packet molybdenum disulfide, and the graphite is
Flaky graphite, grain size are 55-75 μm.
Influence in view of raw material particle size to powdered metallurgical material, the iron powder are the atomized iron powder of 100-130 μm of grain size,
Chromium powder, cobalt powder, aluminium powder, silica flour, zirconium powder, niobium powder and hafnium powder grain size be 75-100 μm.
The preparation method of above-mentioned valve seating includes the following steps：
Step 1: raw material prepare, it is 1.9% to take graphite by quality respectively, chromium powder 1.46%, cobalt powder 4.7%, aluminium
Powder is 1.69%, silica flour 1.61%, zirconium powder 0.6%, niobium powder 1.38%, and hafnium powder is 0.13%, and auxiliary agent 4.3% is remaining
Amount is iron powder, and above-mentioned each group is placed in high speed ball mill and carries out mixed powder grinding 1h, and high speed ball mill rotating speed is 450rad/
Min is subsequently placed in high-speed mixer and is uniformly mixed, obtains primary batch mixing；
Step 2: design compacting tool set, the inner cavity of compacting tool set is lubricated with zinc stearate alcoholic solution, then by mixture
It pours into designed mold, upper trimming die is installed, keep the upper surface holding of punch die horizontal, after installation is complete, mold is put into
It is pressed in powder compressing machine, pressing pressure 238MPa, pressing speed 1mm/min, dwell time 8min is obtained
To green compact part；
Vacuum-sintering is carried out Step 3: obtained green compact part is put into vacuum sintering furnace, wherein vacuum degree is not less than
1.0×10-3Pa, vacuum sintering furnace are first warming up to 250 DEG C, and heating rate is 90 DEG C/h, is sintered 2h, then heats to 900 DEG C, is risen
Warm rate is 1000 DEG C/h, keeps the temperature 1h, then be warming up to 1200 DEG C, and heating rate is 1200 DEG C/h, keeps the temperature 2-3h, then cools down again
To 500 DEG C, 1h is kept the temperature, room temperature is finally cooled to the furnace, obtains semi-finished product；
Step 4: obtained semi-finished product are placed in heat-treatment furnace and are heated to 1100 DEG C, 1h is kept the temperature, then oil quenching is extremely
600-800 DEG C (temperature after oil quenching is not easy to control, but should be in 600-800 DEG C) keeps the temperature 0.5h, then oil quenching is obtained to room temperature
Quenching part；Step 5: obtained semi-finished product are placed in heat-treatment furnace and are heated to 1100 DEG C, 1h is kept the temperature, then oil quenching is extremely
600-800 DEG C, 1h is kept the temperature, then oil quenching obtains quenching part to room temperature；
Step 6: obtained quenching part is placed again into heat-treatment furnace and is heated to 660 DEG C, 1h is kept the temperature, it is last air-cooled
To room temperature, tempering part is obtained；
Step 7: obtained tempering part is carried out polishing and finishing, it is cleaned by ultrasonic in deionized water, it is dry；
Step 8: after the completion of step 7, the tempering part after cleaning is put into vacuum immersion oil machine and carries out infiltration lubricating oil processing,
Processing time is 7h, obtains finished product.
In order to eliminate remaining gas in green compact part, moisture and the zinc stearate on surface alcoholic solution, green compact part is carrying out
Before vacuum-sintering, first green compact part is placed in drying oven and carries out 100 DEG C of heat preservation drying 3h, to reduce the generation of stomata.
Embodiment two
A kind of high tenacity iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy, is made of the raw material of following mass percent：Graphite is 1.7%,
Chromium powder is 1.5%, cobalt powder 4.8%, aluminium powder 1.6%, silica flour 1.56%, zirconium powder 0.4%, niobium powder 1.3%, hafnium powder
It is 0.21%, auxiliary agent 4.0%, surplus is iron powder；The auxiliary agent is made of the raw material of following masses percentage：60% lubrication
Agent, 20% Nano titanium dioxide and 20% zinc oxide, the lubricant are nickel packet molybdenum disulfide, and the graphite is scale
Shape graphite, grain size are 55-75 μm, and the iron powder is the atomized iron powder of 100-130 μm of grain size, chromium powder, cobalt powder, aluminium powder, silica flour, zirconium
The grain size of powder, niobium powder and hafnium powder is 75-100 μm.
The preparation method of above-mentioned valve seating includes the following steps：
Step 1: raw material prepare, it is 1.7% to take graphite by quality respectively, chromium powder 1.5%, cobalt powder 4.8%, aluminium
Powder is 1.6%, silica flour 1.56%, zirconium powder 0.4%, niobium powder 1.3%, and hafnium powder is 0.21%, auxiliary agent 4.0%, surplus
For iron powder, above-mentioned each group being placed in high speed ball mill and carries out mixed powder grinding 2h, high speed ball mill rotating speed is 450rad/min,
It is subsequently placed in high-speed mixer and is uniformly mixed, obtain primary batch mixing；
Step 2: design compacting tool set, the inner cavity of compacting tool set is lubricated with zinc stearate alcoholic solution, then by mixture
It pours into designed mold, upper trimming die is installed, keep the upper surface holding of punch die horizontal, after installation is complete, mold is put into
It is pressed in powder compressing machine, pressing pressure 230MPa, pressing speed 1mm/min, dwell time 8min is obtained
To green compact part；
100 DEG C of heat preservation drying 4h are carried out Step 3: obtained green compact part is placed in drying oven；
Vacuum-sintering is carried out Step 4: the green compact part after drying is put into vacuum sintering furnace, wherein vacuum degree is not less than
1.0×10-3Pa, vacuum sintering furnace are first warming up to 250 DEG C, and heating rate is 90 DEG C/h, is sintered 2h, then heats to 900 DEG C, is risen
Warm rate is 1000 DEG C/h, keeps the temperature 1h, then be warming up to 1200 DEG C, and heating rate is 1200 DEG C/h, keeps the temperature 2h, is then cooled to again
500 DEG C, 2h is kept the temperature, room temperature is finally cooled to the furnace, obtains semi-finished product；
Step 5: obtained semi-finished product are placed in heat-treatment furnace and are heated to 1100 DEG C, 1h is kept the temperature, then oil quenching is extremely
600-800 DEG C, 1h is kept the temperature, then oil quenching obtains quenching part to room temperature；
Step 6: obtained quenching part is placed again into heat-treatment furnace and is heated to 660 DEG C, 1h is kept the temperature, it is last air-cooled
To room temperature, tempering part is obtained；
Step 7: obtained tempering part is carried out polishing and finishing, it is cleaned by ultrasonic in deionized water, it is dry；
Step 8: after the completion of step 7, the tempering part after cleaning is put into vacuum immersion oil machine and carries out infiltration lubricating oil processing,
Processing time is 8h, obtains finished product.
Embodiment three
A kind of high tenacity iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy, is made of the raw material of following mass percent：Graphite is 2.2%,
Chromium powder is 1.4%, cobalt powder 4.5%, aluminium powder 1.8%, silica flour 1.77%, zirconium powder 0.6%, niobium powder 1.36%, hafnium
Powder is 0.18%, and auxiliary agent 4.8%, surplus is iron powder；The auxiliary agent is made of the raw material of following masses percentage：65% profit
Lubrication prescription, 18% Nano titanium dioxide and 17% zinc oxide, the lubricant are nickel packet molybdenum disulfide, and the graphite is squama
Flake graphite, grain size be 55-75 μm, the iron powder be 100-130 μm of grain size atomized iron powder, chromium powder, cobalt powder, aluminium powder, silica flour,
The grain size of zirconium powder, niobium powder and hafnium powder is 75-100 μm.
The preparation method of above-mentioned valve seating includes the following steps：
Step 1: raw material prepare, it is 2.2% to take graphite by quality respectively, chromium powder 1.4%, cobalt powder 4.5%, aluminium
Powder is 1.8%, silica flour 1.77%, zirconium powder 0.6%, niobium powder 1.36%, and hafnium powder is 0.18%, auxiliary agent 4.8%, surplus
For iron powder, above-mentioned each group being placed in high speed ball mill and carries out mixed powder grinding 1h, high speed ball mill rotating speed is 450rad/min,
It is subsequently placed in high-speed mixer and is uniformly mixed, obtain primary batch mixing；
Step 2: design compacting tool set, the inner cavity of compacting tool set is lubricated with zinc stearate alcoholic solution, then by mixture
It pours into designed mold, upper trimming die is installed, keep the upper surface holding of punch die horizontal, after installation is complete, mold is put into
It is pressed in powder compressing machine, pressing pressure 245MPa, pressing speed 1mm/min, dwell time 8min is obtained
To green compact part；
100 DEG C of heat preservation drying 3h are carried out Step 3: obtained green compact part is placed in drying oven；
Vacuum-sintering is carried out Step 4: the green compact part after drying is put into vacuum sintering furnace, wherein vacuum degree is not less than
1.0 × 10-3Pa, vacuum sintering furnace are first warming up to 250 DEG C, and heating rate is 90 DEG C/h, is sintered 2h, then heats to 900 DEG C,
Heating rate is 1000 DEG C/h, keeps the temperature 1h, then be warming up to 1200 DEG C, and heating rate is 1200 DEG C/h, keeps the temperature 2h, then cools down again
To 500 DEG C, 2h is kept the temperature, room temperature is finally cooled to the furnace, obtains semi-finished product；
Step 5: obtained semi-finished product are placed in heat-treatment furnace and are heated to 1100 DEG C, 0.5-1h is kept the temperature, then oil quenching
To 600-800 DEG C (temperature after oil quenching is not easy to control, but should be in 600-800 DEG C), 0.5h is kept the temperature, then oil quenching is obtained to room temperature
To quenching part；
Step 6: obtained quenching part is placed again into heat-treatment furnace and is heated to 660 DEG C, 1h is kept the temperature, it is last air-cooled
To room temperature, tempering part is obtained；
Step 7: obtained tempering part is carried out polishing and finishing, it is cleaned by ultrasonic in deionized water, it is dry；
Step 8: after the completion of step 7, the tempering part after cleaning is put into vacuum immersion oil machine and carries out infiltration lubricating oil processing,
Processing time is 8h, obtains finished product.
Example IV
A kind of high tenacity iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy, is made of the raw material of following mass percent：Graphite is 2.6%,
Chromium powder is 1.4%, cobalt powder 4.5%, aluminium powder 1.8%, silica flour 1.56%, zirconium powder 0.7%, niobium powder 1.41%, hafnium
Powder is 0.21%, and auxiliary agent 5.0%, surplus is iron powder；The auxiliary agent is made of the raw material of following masses percentage：70% profit
Lubrication prescription, 15% Nano titanium dioxide and 15% zinc oxide, the lubricant are nickel packet molybdenum disulfide, and the graphite is squama
Flake graphite, grain size be 55-75 μm, the iron powder be 100-130 μm of grain size atomized iron powder, chromium powder, cobalt powder, aluminium powder, silica flour,
The grain size of zirconium powder, niobium powder and hafnium powder is 75-100 μm.
The preparation method of above-mentioned valve seating includes the following steps：
Step 1: raw material prepare, it is 2.6% to take graphite by quality respectively, chromium powder 1.4%, cobalt powder 4.5%, aluminium
Powder is 1.8%, silica flour 1.56%, zirconium powder 0.7%, niobium powder 1.41%, and hafnium powder is 0.21%, auxiliary agent 5.0%, surplus
For iron powder, above-mentioned each group being placed in high speed ball mill and carries out mixed powder grinding 2h, high speed ball mill rotating speed is 450rad/min,
It is subsequently placed in high-speed mixer and is uniformly mixed, obtain primary batch mixing；
Step 2: design compacting tool set, the inner cavity of compacting tool set is lubricated with zinc stearate alcoholic solution, then by mixture
It pours into designed mold, upper trimming die is installed, keep the upper surface holding of punch die horizontal, after installation is complete, mold is put into
It is pressed in powder compressing machine, pressing pressure 250MPa, pressing speed 1mm/min, dwell time 8min is obtained
To green compact part；
100 DEG C of heat preservation drying 4h are carried out Step 3: obtained green compact part is placed in drying oven,；
Vacuum-sintering is carried out Step 4: the green compact part after drying is put into vacuum sintering furnace, wherein vacuum degree is not less than
1.0 × 10-3Pa, vacuum sintering furnace are first warming up to 250 DEG C, and heating rate is 90 DEG C/h, is sintered 2h, then heats to 900 DEG C,
Heating rate is 1000 DEG C/h, keeps the temperature 1h, then be warming up to 1200 DEG C, and heating rate is 1200 DEG C/h, keeps the temperature 3h, then cools down again
To 500 DEG C, 1h is kept the temperature, room temperature is finally cooled to the furnace, obtains semi-finished product；
Step 5: obtained semi-finished product are placed in heat-treatment furnace and are heated to 1100 DEG C, 1h is kept the temperature, then oil quenching is extremely
600-800 DEG C (temperature after oil quenching is not easy to control, but should be in 600-800 DEG C) keeps the temperature 0.5h, then oil quenching is obtained to room temperature
Quenching part；Step 6: obtained quenching part is placed again into heat-treatment furnace and is heated to 660 DEG C, heat preservation 1h is finally air-cooled to
Room temperature obtains tempering part；
Step 7: obtained tempering part is carried out polishing and finishing, it is cleaned by ultrasonic in deionized water, it is dry；
Step 8: after the completion of step 7, the tempering part after cleaning is put into vacuum immersion oil machine and carries out infiltration lubricating oil processing,
Processing time is 8h, obtains finished product.
The finished product that the various embodiments described above obtain is materialsed experiment respectively, it is omnipotent by WDW-200 type microcomputer controlled electronics
Testing machine, fracture toughness test machine and Rockwell Hardness meter measure tensile strength and radial crushing strength, the toughness and hardness of sample,
Then its consistency is surveyed using Archimedes principle, obtains following table：
According to hypervelocity endurance test specification, the finished product that each embodiment is obtained full speed full load on test-bed is tested,
Test speed is 6000r/min, power 65KW, peak torque 150Nm, break-in 23h, external characteristics experiment 2h, strenuous test
300h always runs 325h, and testing result is to wear in Measurement Allowance, valve seating does not occur apparent sinkage, resistance to
Mill property is qualified.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention made by within refreshing and principle.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of high tenacity iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy, which is characterized in that be made of the raw material of following mass percent：Graphite
For 1.7-2.6%, chromium powder 1.4-1.5%, cobalt powder 4.5-4.8%, aluminium powder 1.6-1.8%, silica flour 1.56-1.77%, zirconium powder
For 0.4-0.7%, niobium powder 1.3-1.41%, hafnium powder is 0.13-0.21%, and auxiliary agent 4.0-5.0%, surplus is iron powder.
2. high tenacity iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the auxiliary agent is by following masses
The raw material of percentage is made：The zinc oxide of the lubricant of 60-70%, the Nano titanium dioxide of 15-20% and 15-20%.
3. high tenacity iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the lubricant is nickel packet two
Molybdenum sulfide.
4. high tenacity iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the graphite is flakey stone
Ink, grain size are 55-75 μm.
5. high tenacity iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the iron powder is 100-130 μ
The atomized iron powder of m grain sizes, chromium powder, cobalt powder, aluminium powder, silica flour, zirconium powder, niobium powder and hafnium powder grain size be 75-100 μm.
6. high tenacity iron-base steam valve base made by powder metallurgy as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that by following mass percent
Raw material is made：Graphite is 2.2%, chromium powder 1.4%, cobalt powder 4.5%, aluminium powder 1.8%, silica flour 1.77%, zirconium powder 0.6%,
Niobium powder is 1.36%, and hafnium powder is 0.18%, and auxiliary agent 4.8%, surplus is iron powder；The auxiliary agent by following masses percentage raw material
It is made：65% lubricant, 18% Nano titanium dioxide and 17% zinc oxide, the lubricant be nickel packet molybdenum disulfide, institute
State graphite be flaky graphite, grain size be 55-75 μm, the iron powder be 100-130 μm of grain size atomized iron powder, chromium powder, cobalt powder,
Aluminium powder, silica flour, zirconium powder, niobium powder and hafnium powder grain size be 75-100 μm.
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| CN106623905A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-10 | 马鞍山市恒欣减压器制造有限公司 | Low-emission abrasion-resisting ferrum-based powder metallurgical self-lubricating compressed natural gas (CNG) engine valve retainer and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN106623906A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-10 | 马鞍山市恒欣减压器制造有限公司 | Iron-based powder metallurgy self-lubricating CNG engine valve seat ring high in tensile strength and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108580889A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-09-28 | 余姚市菲特塑料有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of iron-based powder metallurgy parts |
| CN117026056A (en) * | 2023-04-24 | 2023-11-10 | 扬州威世新材料有限公司 | Powder metallurgy material and application thereof |
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