CN101880798B - Aluminium-based titanium carbide ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material - Google Patents
Aluminium-based titanium carbide ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material Download PDFInfo
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- CN101880798B CN101880798B CN2010101955825A CN201010195582A CN101880798B CN 101880798 B CN101880798 B CN 101880798B CN 2010101955825 A CN2010101955825 A CN 2010101955825A CN 201010195582 A CN201010195582 A CN 201010195582A CN 101880798 B CN101880798 B CN 101880798B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an aluminium-based titanium carbide ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material used in the bearing preparation. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the aluminium-based titanium carbide ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of At least, 40-80 parts of TiC and 0.1-15 parts of BN. The wear-resistant material of the invention is characterized by high temperature resistance, high bearing capacity, self-lubricating property, good wear resistance and the like and can satisfy the requirement of the high-temperature high-speed bearing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of material synthesis technology, relate to a kind of high-abrasive material that the high temperature and high speed bearing is made that can be used for, specifically is a kind of aluminium-based titanium carbide ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material.
Background technology
The bearing that in aero-jet engine, metallurgical high speed mill, lathe machine tool, uses because of being operated at a high speed, under the hot conditions, requiring good rigidly, temperature rise low, can bear big cf-.In general, the high SFM bearing dn value that is applied to the reaction propulsion engine main shaft can reach 2,200,000, and its dn value of angle of elevation speed bearing that is used for dental engine can reach 630,000.The greatest problem that the bearing of working under this high speed exists is exactly cf-and temperature rise.
Common alloy bearing mainly is to obtain wear resistance and the work-ing life that high hardness improves bearing materials through thermal treatment (solid solution → quenching → tempering) technology.When bearing is worked under high temperature or high-speed condition, high-temperature will cause the Hui Rong of the sclerosis phase that disperse is separated out in the alloy, cause that the hardness of bearing materials sharply descends, thereby cause the premature failure of bearing.The highest actual use temperature of high-carbon-chromium bearing steel as commonly used is merely 170 ℃, and the maximum operation (service) temperature of the bearing grade of steel of its remodeling also has only 250 ℃.When working temperature surpasses 170 ℃ or 250 ℃, the hardness of bearing ring and rolling body often is reduced to below the 58HRC, and all have a strong impact on this wear resistance and work-ing life to bearing.Though ceramic bearing can bear the working conditions of High Temperature And Velocity; But because the fragility of stupalith; Processing is difficulty relatively, and the mismatch in coefficient of thermal expansion of stupalith and metal shaft---the thermal expansivity of stupalith is little, and the thermal expansivity of metal is big; Can cause very big tension force at the inner ring of ceramic bearing, thereby make the application of ceramic bearing receive very big restriction.
At present, metal or ceramic base bearing self-lubricating material are that solid lubricant is joined the matrix material that forms in metal or the ceramic matrix as constituent element.Its tribological property depends on that separating out with disperse of the contained solid lubricant of matrix distributes in the friction process.The solid lubricant that can bear high sintering temperature and not lose lubricating property seldom, and its skewness property and can significantly reduce the obdurability and the wear resistance of matrix material to the successional destruction of matrix.In addition, because the adding of solid lubricant (the solid lubrication agent material all has nonwettable characteristic usually), the intensity of the bearing materials behind the sintering is very low, and wear resistance is not good, and is inappropriate for the working conditions of high-mechanic.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that exists in the prior art; A kind of aluminium-based titanium carbide ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material is provided; Characteristics such as that this high-abrasive material has is high temperature resistant, supporting capacity big, self-lubricating and high abrasion can satisfy the needs of high temperature and high speed bearing.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, said aluminium-based titanium carbide ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material includes aluminium, titanium carbide and SP 1, and the parts by weight proportioning of every kind of composition is: aluminium (Al), 10～50 parts; Titanium carbide (TiC), 40～80 parts; SP 1 (BN), 0.1～15 part.
A kind of matrix material that cermet material is made up of metallographic phase and ceramic phase, toughness and high thermal conductivity that it had both had metal have high firmness, the corrosion-resistant and resistance toheat of pottery again.Ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material of the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
(1), aluminium of the present invention is as the metallographic phase material, because aluminium has high heat-conducting property, can effectively reduce the bearing that runs up because fricative temperature rise, and aluminium has good plasticity, can make the aluminium based metal pottery have good toughness.
(2), the present invention selects for use titanium carbide (TiC) as the ceramic phase material, the existence of high volume parts ceramic reinforced phase make high-abrasive material of the present invention have enough intensity below 450 ℃, hardness is kept running up of bearing; And because the solubleness of selected ceramic phase in metallic matrix is very little, the rising of temperature can not cause that sintering metal intensity, hardness significantly descend.
(3), also added an amount of SP 1 (BN) in the ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material of the present invention as solid lubricant; When high temperature friction; SP 1 (BN) can either reduce frictional coefficient effectively; The reduce friction generation of heat can reduce and prevent the adhesion between rolling body and the Internal and external cycle again, thereby prolong the high temperature use properties of bearing effectively.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is described further.
Following embodiment is employed in all in vacuum or the air that burning is synthetic to be added dynamic pressurization densification technology and prepare high-abrasive material.High for working temperature; The bearing that load is big is used high-abrasive material; Can be employed in that vacuum environment burning is synthetic to add dynamic densification process, vacuum environment has significantly reduced gas and has been wrapped the chance in sintering metal, has significantly improved ceramic-metallic density; Intensity, the hardness of combined antiwear material are higher, are suitable for making high temperature and high speed high-mechanic bearing.Lower for load, but the demanding bearing of rotating speed is used high-abrasive material, and it is synthetic in air, to burn.Because the existence of air can contain 5～15vol% micro-pore in the synthetic sintering metal usually, these micro-pores can be used for storing lubricating oil, with the lubricant effect of intensified bearing high-speed cruising.
Embodiment 1:
Take by weighing 35 parts of aluminium powders by weight, totally 60 parts of titanium valve and carbon dusts (mol ratio of titanium valve and carbon dust should be 1: 1), 5 parts of SP 1 (BN); Respectively the powder that takes by weighing is carried out the drying and the degassing under the high-temperature vacuum condition, ball mill mixing is even again; Adopt mold pressing (pressure is between 10～200Mpa) to be pressed into the blank of 12 centimetres of φ then; The blank that suppresses is put into mould, vacuumize and light blank; After blank perfect combustion and when still being in the semi-molten state, utilize press to exert pressure to blank through mould, owing to do not have air, thus can obtain high fine and close ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material.Certainly, in case of necessity, can also add other materials such as some graphite.
High-abrasive material to obtaining detects; The three-point bending resistance intensity of this high-abrasive material reaches 800MPa; Crushing strength is 1100MPa, and frictional coefficient is 0.24, and (pressure is 15N to the contrast rub(bing)test; Friction velocity is 200m/s relatively) show that the anti-consumption rate of self-lubricating abrasion-proof material of the present invention has only 28% of bearing steel GCr15.
Embodiment 2:
Take by weighing 15 parts of aluminium powders by weight, totally 70 parts of titanium valve and carbon dusts (mol ratio of titanium valve and carbon dust should be 1: 1), 15 parts of SP 1 (BN); Respectively the powder that takes by weighing is carried out the drying and the degassing under the high-temperature vacuum condition, ball mill mixing is even again; Adopt mold pressing (pressure is between 10～200Mpa) to be pressed into the blank of 12 centimetres of φ then; The blank that suppresses is put into mould, vacuumize and light blank; After blank perfect combustion and when still being in the semi-molten state, utilize press to exert pressure to blank through mould, owing to do not have air, thus can obtain high fine and close ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material.
High-abrasive material to obtaining detects; The three-point bending resistance intensity of this high-abrasive material reaches 700MPa; Crushing strength is 950MPa, and frictional coefficient is 0.21, and (pressure is 15N to the contrast rub(bing)test; Friction velocity is 200m/s relatively) show that the anti-consumption rate of self-lubricating abrasion-proof material of the present invention has only 24% of bearing steel GCr15.
Embodiment 3:
Take by weighing 42 parts of aluminium powders by weight, totally 55 parts of titanium valve and carbon dusts (mol ratio of titanium valve and carbon dust should be 1: 1), 3 parts of SP 1 (BN); Respectively the powder that takes by weighing is carried out the drying and the degassing under the high-temperature vacuum condition, ball mill mixing is even again; Adopt mold pressing (pressure is between 10～200Mpa) to be pressed into the blank of 12 centimetres of φ then; The blank that suppresses is put into mould, vacuumize and light blank; After blank perfect combustion and when still being in the semi-molten state, utilize press to exert pressure to blank through mould, owing to do not have air, thus can obtain high fine and close ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material.
High-abrasive material to obtaining detects; The three-point bending resistance intensity of this high-abrasive material reaches 900MPa; Crushing strength is 1200MPa, and frictional coefficient is 0.28, and (pressure is 15N to the contrast rub(bing)test; Friction velocity is 200m/s relatively) show that the anti-consumption rate of self-lubricating abrasion-proof material of the present invention has only 31% of bearing steel GCr15.
Claims (3)
1. aluminium-based titanium carbide ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material is characterized in that: take by weighing 35 parts of aluminium powders by weight, 60 parts of titanium valve and carbon dusts, 5 parts of SP 1 (BN) totally; Respectively the powder that takes by weighing is carried out the drying and the degassing under the high-temperature vacuum condition, ball mill mixing is even again; Adopt mold pressing to be pressed into the blank of 12 centimetres of φ then, pressure is between 10～200MPa; The blank that suppresses is put into mould, vacuumize and light blank; After blank perfect combustion and when still being in the semi-molten state, utilize press to exert pressure to blank through mould, owing to do not have air, thus can obtain high fine and close ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material; The mol ratio of said titanium valve and carbon dust is 1: 1;
High-abrasive material to obtaining detects; The three-point bending resistance intensity of this high-abrasive material reaches 800MPa, and crushing strength is 1100MPa, and frictional coefficient is 0.24; The contrast rub(bing)test shows; The anti-consumption rate of said self-lubricating abrasion-proof material has only 28% of bearing steel GCr15, and the pressure during rub(bing)test is 15N, and friction velocity is 200m/s relatively.
2. aluminium-based titanium carbide ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material is characterized in that: take by weighing 15 parts of aluminium powders by weight, 70 parts of titanium valve and carbon dusts, 15 parts of SP 1 (BN) totally; Respectively the powder that takes by weighing is carried out the drying and the degassing under the high-temperature vacuum condition, ball mill mixing is even again; Adopt mold pressing to be pressed into the blank of 12 centimetres of φ then, pressure is between 10～200MPa; The blank that suppresses is put into mould, vacuumize and light blank; After blank perfect combustion and when still being in the semi-molten state, utilize press to exert pressure to blank through mould, owing to do not have air, thus can obtain high fine and close ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material; The mol ratio of said titanium valve and carbon dust is 1: 1;
High-abrasive material to obtaining detects, and the three-point bending resistance intensity of this high-abrasive material reaches 700MPa, and crushing strength is 950MPa, and frictional coefficient is 0.21, and the contrast rub(bing)test shows that the anti-consumption rate of said self-lubricating abrasion-proof material has only 24% of bearing steel GCr15; Pressure during rub(bing)test is 15N, and friction velocity is 200m/s relatively.
3. aluminium-based titanium carbide ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material is characterized in that: take by weighing 42 parts of aluminium powders by weight, 55 parts of titanium valve and carbon dusts, 3 parts of SP 1 (BN) totally; Respectively the powder that takes by weighing is carried out the drying and the degassing under the high-temperature vacuum condition, ball mill mixing is even again; Adopt mold pressing to be pressed into the blank of 12 centimetres of φ then, pressure is between 10～200MPa; The blank that suppresses is put into mould, vacuumize and light blank; After blank perfect combustion and when still being in the semi-molten state, utilize press to exert pressure to blank through mould, owing to do not have air, thus can obtain high fine and close ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material; The mol ratio of said titanium valve and carbon dust should be 1: 1;
High-abrasive material to obtaining detects, and the three-point bending resistance intensity of this high-abrasive material reaches 900MPa, and crushing strength is 1200MPa, and frictional coefficient is 0.28, and the contrast rub(bing)test shows that the anti-consumption rate of said self-lubricating abrasion-proof material has only 31% of bearing steel GCr15; Pressure during rub(bing)test is 15N, and friction velocity is 200m/s relatively.
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| CN104328368A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-02-04 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Self-lubricating and wear-resistant copper-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104694787B (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2016-08-31 | 苏州圣谱拉新材料科技有限公司 | Mechanized equipment cermet material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112483626B (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2022-03-08 | 东南大学 | Self-lubricating gear based on additive manufacturing and preparation method thereof |
| CN113215513B (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2022-06-03 | 成都中科翼能科技有限公司 | Novel post-treatment process for abradable Al/BN sealing coating of gas turbine part |
| CN114000013B (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-05-27 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Self-lubricating aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114150176A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-08 | 常州市博斯特精密机械有限公司 | Drill bit production process with good impact resistance |
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| CN1566388A (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2005-01-19 | 陈兆盈 | TiC hard alloy |
| CN100348758C (en) * | 2004-12-14 | 2007-11-14 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Wear- and corrosion- proof metal ceramic knife edge material |
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