CN101871069B - Copper-base titanium carbide metal ceramic self-lubricating abrasion-proof material - Google Patents
Copper-base titanium carbide metal ceramic self-lubricating abrasion-proof material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a copper-base titanium carbide metal ceramic self-lubricating abrasion-proof material. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the copper-base titanium carbide metal ceramic self-lubricating abrasion-proof material comprises the following components in part by weight: 20 to 45 parts of copper (Cu), 40 to 80 parts of titanium carbide (TiC) and 0.1 to 15 parts of graphite. The abrasion-proof material has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, high bearing capacity, self-lubricating performance, high abrasion resistance and the like and can meet the requirements of a high-temperature and high-speed bearing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of material synthesis technology, relate to a kind of high-abrasive material that the high temperature and high speed bearing is made that can be used for, specifically is a kind of copper-base titanium carbide metal ceramic self-lubricating abrasion-proof material.
Background technology
The bearing that in aero-jet engine, metallurgical high speed mill, lathe machine tool, uses because of being operated at a high speed, under the hot conditions, requiring good rigidly, temperature rise low, can bear big cf-.In general, the high SFM bearing dn value that is applied to the reaction propulsion engine main shaft can reach 2,200,000, and its dn value of angle of elevation speed bearing that is used for dental engine can reach 630,000.The greatest problem that the bearing of working under this high speed exists is exactly cf-and temperature rise.
Common alloy bearing mainly is to obtain wear resistance and the work-ing life that high hardness improves bearing materials through thermal treatment (solid solution → quenching → tempering) technology.When bearing is worked under high temperature or high-speed condition, high-temperature will cause the Hui Rong of the sclerosis phase that disperse is separated out in the alloy, cause that the hardness of bearing materials sharply descends, thereby cause the premature failure of bearing.The highest actual use temperature of high-carbon-chromium bearing steel as commonly used is merely 170 ℃, and the maximum operation (service) temperature of the bearing grade of steel of its remodeling also has only 250 ℃.When working temperature surpasses 170 ℃ or 250 ℃, the hardness of bearing ring and rolling body often is reduced to below the 58HRC, and all have a strong impact on this wear resistance and work-ing life to bearing.Though ceramic bearing can bear the working conditions of High Temperature And Velocity; But because the fragility of stupalith; Processing is difficulty relatively, and the mismatch in coefficient of thermal expansion of stupalith and metal shaft---the thermal expansivity of stupalith is little, and the thermal expansivity of metal is big; Can cause very big tension force at the inner ring of ceramic bearing, thereby make the application of ceramic bearing receive very big restriction.
At present, metal or ceramic base bearing self-lubricating material are that solid lubricant is joined the matrix material that forms in metal or the ceramic matrix as constituent element.Its tribological property depends on that separating out with disperse of the contained solid lubricant of matrix distributes in the friction process.The solid lubricant that can bear high sintering temperature and not lose lubricating property seldom, and its skewness property and can significantly reduce the obdurability and the wear resistance of matrix material to the successional destruction of matrix.In addition, because the adding of solid lubricant (the solid lubrication agent material all has nonwettable characteristic usually), the intensity of the bearing materials behind the sintering is very low, and wear resistance is not good, and is inappropriate for the working conditions of high-mechanic.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that exists in the prior art; A kind of copper-base titanium carbide metal ceramic self-lubricating abrasion-proof material is provided; Characteristics such as that this high-abrasive material has is high temperature resistant, supporting capacity big, self-lubricating and high abrasion can satisfy the needs of high temperature and high speed bearing.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, said copper-base titanium carbide metal ceramic self-lubricating abrasion-proof material includes copper, titanium carbide and graphite, and the parts by weight proportioning of every kind of composition is: copper (Cu), 20～45 parts; Titanium carbide (TiC), 40～80 parts; Graphite, 0.1～15 part.
As further improvement of the present invention, said high-abrasive material includes aluminium, and the parts by weight of aluminium are smaller or equal to 10 parts greater than 0.
A kind of matrix material that cermet material is made up of metallographic phase and ceramic phase, toughness and high thermal conductivity that it had both had metal have high firmness, the corrosion-resistant and resistance toheat of pottery again.Ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material of the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
(1), the present invention selects for use copper as the metallographic phase material, because copper has very high heat conductivility, can effectively reduce the bearing that runs up because fricative temperature rise, and copper has good plasticity, can make cu-based cermet have good toughness.
(2), the present invention selects for use titanium carbide (TiC) as the ceramic phase material, the existence of high volume parts ceramic reinforced phase make high-abrasive material of the present invention have enough intensity below 600 ℃, hardness is kept running up of bearing; And because the solubleness of selected ceramic phase in metallic matrix is very little, the rising of temperature can not cause that sintering metal intensity, hardness significantly descend.
(3), also added suitable amount of graphite in the ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material of the present invention as solid lubricant; When high temperature friction; Graphite can either reduce frictional coefficient effectively; The reduce friction generation of heat can reduce and prevent the adhesion between rolling body and the Internal and external cycle again, thereby prolong the high temperature use properties of bearing effectively.
(4), since oildag have nonwettable characteristic, in order to improve the sintering character of ceramic self-lubricating material, add the aluminium of a small amount of component.The adding of the aluminium of a small amount of component can effectively improve the sintering character of ceramic self-lubricating material, and significantly improves its mechanical property.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is described further.
Following embodiment is employed in all in vacuum or the air that burning is synthetic to be added dynamic pressurization densification technology and prepare high-abrasive material.High for working temperature; The bearing that load is big is used high-abrasive material; Can be employed in that vacuum environment burning is synthetic to add dynamic densification process, vacuum environment has significantly reduced gas and has been wrapped the chance in sintering metal, has significantly improved ceramic-metallic density; Intensity, the hardness of combined antiwear material are higher, are suitable for making high temperature and high speed high-mechanic bearing.Lower for load, but the demanding bearing of rotating speed is used high-abrasive material, and it is synthetic in air, to burn.Because the existence of air can contain 5～15vol% micro-pore in the synthetic sintering metal usually, these micro-pores can be used for storing lubricating oil, with the lubricant effect of intensified bearing high-speed cruising.
Embodiment 1:
Take by weighing 30 parts of copper powders by weight, totally 60 parts of titanium valve and carbon dusts (mol ratio of titanium valve and carbon dust should be 1: 1), 5 parts in graphite, 5 parts in aluminium; Respectively the powder that takes by weighing is carried out the drying and the degassing under the high-temperature vacuum condition, ball mill mixing is even again; Adopt mold pressing (pressure is between 10～200Mpa) to be pressed into the blank of 12 centimetres of φ then; The blank that suppresses is put into mould, vacuumize and light pressed compact; After pressed compact perfect combustion and when still being in the semi-molten state, utilize press to exert pressure to blank through mould, owing to do not have air, thus can obtain high fine and close ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material.Certainly, in case of necessity, can also add other materials such as some SP 1.
High-abrasive material to obtaining detects; The three-point bending resistance intensity of this high-abrasive material reaches 1050MPa, and crushing strength is 1500MPa, and frictional coefficient is 0.20; Thermal conductivity is 100W/mK; Contrast rub(bing)test (pressure is 15N, and friction velocity is 200m/s relatively) shows that the anti-consumption rate of self-lubricating abrasion-proof material of the present invention has only 27% of bearing steel GCr15.
Embodiment 2:
Take by weighing 20 parts of copper powders by weight, totally 72 parts of titanium valve and carbon dusts (mol ratio of titanium valve and carbon dust should be 1: 1), 5 parts in graphite, 3 parts in aluminium; Respectively the powder that takes by weighing is carried out the drying and the degassing under the high-temperature vacuum condition, ball mill mixing is even again; Adopt mold pressing (pressure is between 10～200Mpa) to be pressed into the blank of 12 centimetres of φ then; The blank that suppresses is put into mould, vacuumize and light pressed compact; After pressed compact perfect combustion and when still being in the semi-molten state, utilize press to exert pressure to blank through mould, owing to do not have air, thus can obtain high fine and close ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material.
High-abrasive material to obtaining detects, and the high-abrasive material that obtains is detected, and the three-point bending resistance intensity of this high-abrasive material reaches 800MPa; Crushing strength is 1350MPa; Frictional coefficient is 0.23, and thermal conductivity is 55W/mK, and (pressure is 15N to the contrast rub(bing)test; Friction velocity is 200m/s relatively) show that the anti-consumption rate of self-lubricating abrasion-proof material of the present invention has only 23% of bearing steel GCr15.
Embodiment 3:
Take by weighing 40 parts of copper powders by weight, totally 55 parts of titanium valve and carbon dusts (mol ratio of titanium valve and carbon dust should be 1: 1), 3 parts in graphite, 2 parts in aluminium; Respectively the powder that takes by weighing is carried out the drying and the degassing under the high-temperature vacuum condition, ball mill mixing is even again; Adopt mold pressing (pressure is between 10～200Mpa) to be pressed into the blank of 12 centimetres of φ then; The blank that suppresses is put into mould, vacuumize and light pressed compact; After pressed compact perfect combustion and when still being in the semi-molten state, utilize press to exert pressure to blank through mould, owing to do not have air, thus can obtain high fine and close ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material.
High-abrasive material to obtaining detects, and the high-abrasive material that obtains is detected, and the three-point bending resistance intensity of this high-abrasive material reaches 1250MPa; Crushing strength is 1850MPa; Frictional coefficient is 0.28, and thermal conductivity is 125W/mK, and (pressure is 15N to the contrast rub(bing)test; Friction velocity is 200m/s relatively) show that the anti-consumption rate of self-lubricating abrasion-proof material of the present invention has only 28% of bearing steel GCr15.
Embodiment 4:
Take by weighing 40 parts of copper powders by weight, totally 55 parts of titanium valve and carbon dusts (mol ratio of titanium valve and carbon dust should be 1: 1), 5 parts in graphite; Respectively the powder that takes by weighing is carried out the drying and the degassing under the high-temperature vacuum condition, ball mill mixing is even again; Adopt mold pressing (pressure is between 10～200Mpa) to be pressed into the blank of 12 centimetres of φ then; The blank that suppresses is put into mould, vacuumize and light pressed compact; After pressed compact perfect combustion and when still being in the semi-molten state, utilize press to exert pressure to blank through mould, owing to do not have air, thus can obtain high fine and close ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material.
High-abrasive material to obtaining detects, and the high-abrasive material that obtains is detected, and the three-point bending resistance intensity of this high-abrasive material reaches 1200MPa; Crushing strength is 1750MPa; Frictional coefficient is 0.26, and thermal conductivity is 130W/mK, and (pressure is 15N to the contrast rub(bing)test; Friction velocity is 200m/s relatively) show that the anti-consumption rate of self-lubricating abrasion-proof material of the present invention has only 30% of bearing steel GCr15.
Claims (4)
1. a copper-base titanium carbide metal ceramic self-lubricating abrasion-proof material is characterized in that: take by weighing 30 parts of copper powders by weight, 60 parts of titanium valve and carbon dusts, 5 parts in graphite, 5 parts in aluminium totally; Respectively the powder that takes by weighing is carried out the drying and the degassing under the high-temperature vacuum condition, ball mill mixing is even again; Adopt mold pressing to be pressed into the blank of 12 centimetres of φ then; The blank that suppresses is put into mould, vacuumize and light pressed compact; After pressed compact perfect combustion and when still being in the semi-molten state, utilize press to exert pressure to blank through mould, owing to do not have air, thus can obtain high fine and close ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material; The mol ratio of said titanium valve and carbon dust is 1: 1; The pressure of said mold pressing is between 10～200Mpa;
High-abrasive material to obtaining detects, and the three-point bending resistance intensity of this high-abrasive material reaches 1050MPa, and crushing strength is 1500MPa; Frictional coefficient is 0.20; Thermal conductivity is 100W/mK, and the contrast rub(bing)test shows that the anti-consumption rate of the self-lubricating abrasion-proof material of acquisition has only 27% of bearing steel GCr15; The pressure of said contrast rub(bing)test is 15N, and friction velocity is 200m/s relatively.
2. a copper-base titanium carbide metal ceramic self-lubricating abrasion-proof material is characterized in that: take by weighing 20 parts of copper powders by weight, 72 parts of titanium valve and carbon dusts, 5 parts in graphite, 3 parts in aluminium totally; Respectively the powder that takes by weighing is carried out the drying and the degassing under the high-temperature vacuum condition, ball mill mixing is even again; Adopt mold pressing to be pressed into the blank of 12 centimetres of φ then, mold pressing pressure is between 10～200Mpa; The blank that suppresses is put into mould, vacuumize and light pressed compact; After pressed compact perfect combustion and when still being in the semi-molten state, utilize press to exert pressure to blank through mould, owing to do not have air, thus can obtain high fine and close ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material; The mol ratio of said titanium valve and carbon dust is 1: 1;
High-abrasive material to obtaining detects, and the three-point bending resistance intensity of this high-abrasive material reaches 800MPa, and crushing strength is 1350MPa; Frictional coefficient is 0.23; Thermal conductivity is 55W/mK, and the contrast rub(bing)test shows that the anti-consumption rate of the self-lubricating abrasion-proof material of acquisition has only 23% of bearing steel GCr15; The pressure of said rub(bing)test is 15N, and friction velocity is 200m/s relatively.
3. a copper-base titanium carbide metal ceramic self-lubricating abrasion-proof material is characterized in that: take by weighing 40 parts of copper powders by weight, 55 parts of titanium valve and carbon dusts, 3 parts in graphite, 2 parts in aluminium totally; Respectively the powder that takes by weighing is carried out the drying and the degassing under the high-temperature vacuum condition, ball mill mixing is even again; Adopt mold pressing to be pressed into the blank of 12 centimetres of φ then, the pressure of mold pressing is between 10～200Mpa; The blank that suppresses is put into mould, vacuumize and light pressed compact; After pressed compact perfect combustion and when still being in the semi-molten state, utilize press to exert pressure to blank through mould, owing to do not have air, thus can obtain high fine and close ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material; The mol ratio of said titanium valve and carbon dust is 1: 1;
High-abrasive material to obtaining detects; High-abrasive material to obtaining detects, and the three-point bending resistance intensity of this high-abrasive material reaches 1250MPa, and crushing strength is 1850MPa; Frictional coefficient is 0.28; Thermal conductivity is 125W/mK, and the contrast rub(bing)test shows that the anti-consumption rate of the self-lubricating abrasion-proof material of acquisition has only 28% of bearing steel GCr15; The pressure of said rub(bing)test is 15N, and friction velocity is 200m/s relatively.
4. a copper-base titanium carbide metal ceramic self-lubricating abrasion-proof material is characterized in that: take by weighing 40 parts of copper powders by weight, 55 parts of titanium valve and carbon dusts, 5 parts in graphite totally; Respectively the powder that takes by weighing is carried out the drying and the degassing under the high-temperature vacuum condition, ball mill mixing is even again; Adopt mold pressing to be pressed into the blank of 12 centimetres of φ then, the pressure of mold pressing is between 10～200Mpa; The blank that suppresses is put into mould, vacuumize and light pressed compact; After pressed compact perfect combustion and when still being in the semi-molten state, utilize press to exert pressure to blank through mould, owing to do not have air, thus can obtain high fine and close ceramic self-lubricating wear-resistant material; The mol ratio of said titanium valve and carbon dust should be 1: 1;
High-abrasive material to obtaining detects; High-abrasive material to obtaining detects, and the three-point bending resistance intensity of this high-abrasive material reaches 1200MPa, and crushing strength is 1750MPa; Frictional coefficient is 0.26; Thermal conductivity is 130W/mK, and the contrast rub(bing)test shows that the anti-consumption rate of the self-lubricating abrasion-proof material of acquisition has only 30% of bearing steel GCr15; The pressure of said rub(bing)test is 15N, and friction velocity is 200m/s relatively.
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| CN108386444B (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2019-09-17 | 南昌工程学院 | A kind of low speed formula self-lubricating high temperature rolling bearing and its manufacturing method |
| CN114370453A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-19 | 广东东睦新材料有限公司 | Self-lubricating bearing and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1718795A (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2006-01-11 | 合肥波林新材料有限公司 | Leadless copper base high temperature self lubricating composite material |
| CN1804077A (en) * | 2005-01-12 | 2006-07-19 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | In-situ produced titanium carbide dispersion strengthening copper based composite material and method for preparing the same |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1804077A (en) * | 2005-01-12 | 2006-07-19 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | In-situ produced titanium carbide dispersion strengthening copper based composite material and method for preparing the same |
| CN1718795A (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2006-01-11 | 合肥波林新材料有限公司 | Leadless copper base high temperature self lubricating composite material |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 秦思贵 等.TiC/Cu复合材料的研究进展.《粉末冶金工业》.2006,第16卷(第2期), * |
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