CN104399966B - A kind of containing Fe Nano-Powders powder metallurgical valve seat - Google Patents

A kind of containing Fe Nano-Powders powder metallurgical valve seat Download PDF

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CN104399966B
CN104399966B CN201410580502.6A CN201410580502A CN104399966B CN 104399966 B CN104399966 B CN 104399966B CN 201410580502 A CN201410580502 A CN 201410580502A CN 104399966 B CN104399966 B CN 104399966B
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molybdenum
nanometer
chromium
cobalt
valve seat
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CN104399966A (en
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奚杰
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Yizheng Changda Powder Metallurgy Products Co ltd
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Abstract

A kind of containing Fe Nano-Powders powder metallurgical valve seat, belong to Manufacturing Technology for Automotive Parts field.Containing Fe Nano-Powders powder metallurgical valve seat, comprise each component of following percentage by weight: carbon 0.9-2.0, chromium 3.0-6.0, molybdenum 2.0-5.0, nickel 1.0-2.0, cobalt 3.0-6.0, nanometer Fe? 0.1-0.3, copper 12-30, bifluoride calcium 0.08-0.12, molybdenum bisuphide 0.04-0.07, manganese sulfide 0.05-0.08, mica 0.1-0.5, silicate 0.3-0.6, boron nitride 0.08-0.12, plumbous 0.08-0.12, surplus is iron.Manufacture method: the solid material (molybdenum bisuphide of the high alloy powder (chromium, molybdenum, cobalt) of low-alloy powder+formula ratio that basic powder adopts water atomization to prepare and the self lubricity of nanometer Fe+formula ratio, manganese sulfide, mica, silicate, boron nitride, lead, graphite), mechanical mixture is after 40 minutes, repressed, sintering embryo is placed in padding formula sintering furnace, in ammonia dissolving atmosphere, temperature carries out sintering 40 minutes at 1100-1150 DEG C.Adding and adopting the solid material of self-lubricating due to chromium, molybdenum, cobalt high alloy and nanometer Fe element, on alloy substrate powerful after sintering, equally distributed hard phase, define simultaneously one deck firm, oxide-film that adhesion strength is strong, drastically increase valve seating wearability, heat resistance, corrosion-resistant and impact resistance.

Description

A kind of containing Fe Nano-Powders powder metallurgical valve seat
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of auto parts and components, be specifically related to one containing Fe Nano-Powders powder metallurgical valve seat, will give alloying powder and suppress, sintering and machining, obtained auto parts and components, belong to auto parts and components technical field of metallurgical manufacturing.
Background technology
Valve seating is the vitals in automobile engine air distributing device, it and valve partner important seal rub pay, during engine operation, valve seating is subject to valve and impacts, and the wearing and tearing of the washing away of high temperature (530 ~ 870 DEG C) burning gases, burn into and combustion product, dust in air, are also subject to hot cold stress alternating action in addition, it very easily produces distortion, scaling loss, even rupture, therefore not only require that Materials for Valve Seat is wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistance, also require certain radial crushing strength.
Engine valve and valve seating are in harsh heating power, work under chemistry and mechanical force situation, it subjects heavily stressed (engine maximum combustion pressure can reach 20MPa), elevated operating temperature (valve disc low degree center reaches 870 DEG C) and corrosive environment (high-temperature fuel gas erosion, sulfuration, V2O5) corrosion and oxidation).
According to the working environment of above-mentioned valve seating, for ensureing its functional reliability and service life, when different working environments and different fuel, must developmental research new material and new technology as early as possible.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a kind of containing Fe Nano-Powders powder metallurgical valve seat, makes this product compression strength high, has well wear-resisting, heat-resisting, corrosion-resistant and impact resistance.
Of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of containing Fe Nano-Powders powder metallurgical valve seat, chemical composition and content thereof are (Wt%): carbon: 0.9-2.0, chromium: 3.0-6.0, molybdenum: 2.0-5.0, nickel: 1.0-2.0, cobalt: 3.0-6.0, nanometer Fe: 0.1-0.3, copper: 12-30, bifluoride calcium: 0.08-0.12, molybdenum bisuphide: 0.04-0.07, manganese sulfide: 0.05-0.08, mica: 0.1-0.5, silicate: 0.3-0.6, boron nitride: 0.08-0.12, plumbous: 0.08-0.12, graphite 1.0-1.6, surplus is iron.
Preferably, described valve seating comprises each component of following percentage by weight wt%: carbon 1.0-1.8, chromium 3.5-6, molybdenum 2.5-5.0, nickel 1.3-2.0, cobalt 5.5-6.0, nanometer Fe 0.2-0.3, copper 16.0-26.0, bifluoride calcium 0.1-0.12, molybdenum bisuphide 0.05-0.07, manganese sulfide 0.06-0.08, mica 0.16-0.5, silicate 0.3-0.6, boron nitride 0.08-0.12, plumbous 0.09-0.12, graphite 1.1-1.5, surplus is iron.
Preferably, described carbon 0.9-1.5, chromium 4.5-6.0, molybdenum 3.5-5.0, nickel 1.0-1.8, cobalt 3.0-5.0, nanometer Fe 0.1-0.25, copper 18.0-25.0, bifluoride calcium 0.08-0.11, molybdenum bisuphide 0.05-0.07, manganese sulfide 0.05-0.08, mica 0.2-0.5, silicate 0.3-0.6, boron nitride 0.08-0.12, plumbous 0.1-0.12, graphite 1.0-1.5, surplus is iron.
The above-mentioned manufacture method containing Fe Nano-Powders powder metallurgical valve seat, solid material (molybdenum bisuphide, manganese sulfide, the mica of the high alloy powder (chromium, molybdenum, cobalt) of low-alloy powder+several formula ratio that basic powder adopts water atomization to prepare and the self lubricity of nanometer Fe+formula ratio, silicate, boron nitride, plumbous, graphite) mechanical mixture is after 40 minutes, compacting, to sinter embryo office padding formula sintering furnace, in ammonia dissolving atmosphere, temperature carries out sintering 40 minutes at 1100-1150 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The first, the present invention is by improving hydraulic atomized powder-making technique and rationally adding the material of the chromium of certain content, molybdenum, cobalt high alloy and nanometer Fe and self-lubricating, by mechanical mixture, compacting, sintering.Due to the employing of copper leaching technology, the physical propertys such as the thermal conductivity of valve seating, calorific intensity and wearability and mechanical performance are significantly improved;
The second, nanometer Fe element adds, can crystal grain thinning, and improve the mechanical performance of product, because the employing of copper leaching technology, its thermal conductivity improves 3 times than prior art, and compression strength improves 2 times;
3rd, the present invention is because carbon is high, chromium, molybdenum, cobalt and nanometer Fe easily form net carbide, like this, hard carbide inlays the institutional framework of Hard Inclusion with on relative soft matrix, improves the wear-resisting, heat-resisting, corrosion-resistant of valve seating and impact resistance significantly;
4th, the present invention adopts has the solid material of self lubricity: the contact surface of valve seating is after temperature is higher than 300 DEG C under friction surface high temperature action, define one deck and there is firm, that adhesion strength is strong oxide-film, by valve and the isolation of valve seating contact surface, because such oxide-film has certain lubricity, and play good anti-attrition effect;
5th, the low-alloy powder that first base iron adopts water atomization to make by the present invention during fabrication allocates a certain amount of chromium, molybdenum, cobalt and nanometer Fe powder and self-lubricating material into, due to adding and the employing of copper leaching technology and the solid lubricant adopting self-lubricating of nanometer Fe element.Valve seating is hardness >=HRB108 1.; 2. density >=7.6g/cm3; 3. radial crushing strength >=900MPa; After sintering on powerful alloy substrate, equally distributed hard phase, define simultaneously one deck firm, oxide-film that adhesion strength is strong, greatly improve the wearability of valve seating, heat resistance, corrosion resistance and crushing strength.800 hours reliability test rotating speed n=2300r/min, power 206kw, temperature 815 DEG C, result of the test: average abrasion amount 0.0278mm.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of containing Fe Nano-Powders powder metallurgical valve seat, chemical composition and content thereof are (Wt%): carbon: 0.9-2.0, chromium: 3.0-6.0, molybdenum: 2.0-5.0, nickel: 1.0-2.0, cobalt: 3.0-6.0, nanometer Fe: 0.1-0.3, copper: 12-30, bifluoride calcium: 0.08-0.12, molybdenum bisuphide: 0.04-0.07, manganese sulfide: 0.05-0.08, mica: 0.1-0.5, silicate: 0.3-0.6, boron nitride: 0.08-0.12, plumbous: 0.08-0.12, graphite 1.0-1.6, surplus is iron.
Valve seating can also comprise each component of following percentage by weight wt%: carbon 1.0-1.8, chromium 3.5-6, molybdenum 2.5-5.0, nickel 1.3-2.0, cobalt 5.5-6.0, nanometer Fe 0.2-0.3, copper 16.0-26.0, bifluoride calcium 0.1-0.12, molybdenum bisuphide 0.05-0.07, manganese sulfide 0.06-0.08, mica 0.16-0.5, silicate 0.3-0.6, boron nitride 0.08-0.12, plumbous 0.09-0.12, graphite 1.1-1.5, surplus is iron.
Valve seating can also comprise each component of following percentage by weight wt%: carbon 0.9-1.5, chromium 4.5-6.0, molybdenum 3.5-5.0, nickel 1.0-1.8, cobalt 3.0-5.0, nanometer Fe 0.1-0.25, copper 18.0-25.0, bifluoride calcium 0.08-0.11, molybdenum bisuphide 0.05-0.07, manganese sulfide 0.05-0.08, mica 0.2-0.5, silicate 0.3-0.6, boron nitride 0.08-0.12, plumbous 0.1-0.12, graphite 1.0-1.5, surplus is iron.
Valve seating of the present invention, first the low-alloy powder adopting water atomization to make base iron when manufacturing, allocate a certain amount of chromium, molybdenum, cobalt, high alloy and nanometer Fe high alloy powder afterwards into and plant self-enrichment material (molybdenum bisuphide, manganese sulfide, mica, silicate, boron nitride, lead and graphite), sintered blank is placed in push away after compacting and defends formula sintering furnace, in ammonia dissolving atmosphere, temperature sinters at 1100 ~ 1150 DEG C.Valve seating sintered blank hardness is greater than HB108, its metallographic structure (martensite+bainite+sorbite+alloy carbide), density >=7.6g/cm3.Can obtain after sintering on powerful alloy substrate, equally distributed hard phase, greatly improve the wearability of product, heat resistance, corrosion resistance and radial crushing strength.
Key of the present invention is: the basic powder 1) selected, and it must possess necessarily wear-resisting, heat-resisting, corrosion-resistant, has the low alloy material of higher-strength.2) select the high alloy material that can form hard phase, it must possess compared with high abrasion, heat-resisting, decay resistance, requires that it and basic powder have good compatibility and fused interface simultaneously, by sintering, can combine securely, when valve seating is subject to impacting, hard phase can not come off again.
Adding and adopting the solid material of self-lubricating due to chromium, molybdenum, cobalt high alloy and nanometer Fe element, on alloy substrate powerful after sintering, equally distributed hard phase, define simultaneously one deck firm, oxide-film that adhesion strength is strong, drastically increase valve seating wearability, heat resistance, corrosion-resistant and impact resistance.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
Embodiment 1:
Basic powder adopts low conjunction powder+several (chromium, molybdenum, cobalt) high alloy powder of preparing of water atomization and nanometer Fe) and self-enrichment material (molybdenum bisuphide, manganese sulfide, mica, silicate, boron nitride, lead and graphite) mix 40 minutes, after superzapping, formula sintering furnace is defended with pushing away, ammonia dissolving atmosphere, temperature 1120 DEG C, sinter 40 points of kinds, detect sintered blank hardness HR108 ~ 110; Metallographic structure: martensite+bainite+sorbite+alloy carbide; Radial crushing strength >=900MPa, density >=7.6g/cm3.Its chemical analysis is: carbon: 1.5, chromium: 5.6, molybdenum: 4.6, nickel: 1.5, cobalt: 5.8, nanometer Fe: 0.13, copper: 18, bifluoride calcium: 0.09, molybdenum bisuphide: 0.05, manganese sulfide: 0.06, mica: 0.3, silicate: 0.4, boron nitride: 0.10, plumbous: 0.11, graphite: 1.2, surplus is iron.
The 6DF1 diesel engine of one vapour tin bavin adopts the powder metallurgy valve seat of powder metallurgy valve seat of the present invention and the production of Anqing Supreme Being C Compaq, reliability test (rated speed 2300r/min is with on 6DF1 diesel engine, rated power 206KW, through 800 hours reliability tests, first carry out thermal shock in 500 hours, after carry out again 200 hours durable and 100 hours performance tests), wherein 1-4 cylinder dress powder metallurgy valve seat, the alloy cast iron valve seating of all the other 5-6 cylinders dress Wuxi manufacturer production, after 800 h run, result of the test situation is as follows:
● powder metallurgy valve seat average abrasion amount is 0.0301 ㎜, and Wuxi alloy cast iron valve seating average abrasion amount is 0.0425 ㎜.
● the powder metallurgy valve seat average abrasion amount that the present invention produces is 0.0278 ㎜.
● the powder metallurgy valve seat average abrasion amount that Anqing Di Bai powder metallurgy Co., Ltd produces is 0.0325 ㎜.
As can be seen here, the properties of product that the present invention produces are better than powder metallurgy valve seat and the Wuxi alloy cast iron valve seating product of the production of Anqing Supreme Being C Compaq.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of containing Fe Nano-Powders powder metallurgical valve seat, its chemical composition is: carbon: 1.6, chromium: 5.5, molybdenum: 4.6, nickel: 1.6, cobalt: 4.9, nanometer Fe: 0.15, copper: 18, bifluoride calcium: 0.09, molybdenum bisuphide: 0.05, manganese sulfide: 0.06, mica: 0.3, silicate: 0.5, boron nitride: 0.10, plumbous: 0.11, graphite: 1.3, surplus is iron.Manufacture method is with embodiment 1.
According to hypervelocity long duration test specification, by lucky for Zhejiang MR479Q natural gas engine powder metallurgy valve seat full speed full load test (rated speed 6000r/min on test-bed, rated power 69KW, peak torque 128N.m), accumulative operation (wherein break-in 22 hours 20 minutes in 333 hours, external characteristics tests 1 hour 40 minutes, strenuous test 309 hours).Through folding machine testing, valve seating size, all in the margin of tolerance, has no wearing and tearing, and valve does not sink, and service condition is good.
Test petrol engine rotational speed used high, moment of torsion is large, and power of bouncing during air valve drop is large, and delivery temperature is higher, is 850 ± 10 DEG C, and service condition is quite severe.With the valve seating of other different materials of identical conditions test, be tested to 50-60 hour, valve seating has sinking in various degree.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of containing Fe Nano-Powders powder metallurgical valve seat, its chemical composition: carbon: 1.8, chromium: 5.8, molybdenum: 4.8, nickel 1.7, cobalt: 5.3, nanometer Fe: 0.14, copper: 20, bifluoride calcium: 0.1, molybdenum bisuphide: 0.06, manganese sulfide: 0.05, mica: 0.4, silicate 0.3, boron nitride: 0.09, plumbous: 0.09, graphite: 1.2, all the other are iron.
Manufacture method and embodiment 1
According to hypervelocity long duration test specification, by upper vapour Skoda EA111 gasoline engine valve seating product full speed full load (rated speed 5000r/min on test-bed, rated power 77kw, peak torque 155N.m), accumulative operation (wherein break-in 22 hours 20 minutes in 500 hours, external characteristics tests 1 hour 40 minutes, strenuous test 476 hours).Through folding machine testing, valve seating size, all in the margin of tolerance, has no wearing and tearing, and valve does not sink, and operating period condition is good.
Above-mentioned example 1,2,3 result of the test shows, valve seating of the present invention has excellent heat-resisting, wear-resisting, impact resistance, be applicable to the working environment of high, the high strengthening gasoline engine of delivery temperature and heavy-duty diesel engine, particularly can meet the working condition requirement of dry fuel (natural gas, liquefied natural gas and methyl alcohol) engine.

Claims (3)

1., containing a Fe Nano-Powders powder metallurgical valve seat, it is characterized in that, described valve seating comprises each component of following percentage by weight wt%: carbon 0.9--2.0, chromium 3.0--6.0, molybdenum 2.0--5.0, nickel 1.0--2.0, cobalt 3.0--6.0, nanometer Fe 0.1--0.3, copper 12--30, bifluoride calcium 0.08--0.12, molybdenum bisuphide 0.04--0.07, manganese sulfide 0.05--0.08, mica 0.1--0.5, silicate 0.3--0.6, boron nitride 0.08--0.12, plumbous 0.08--0.12, graphite 1.0-1.6, surplus is iron.
2. according to claim 1 containing Fe Nano-Powders powder metallurgical valve seat, it is characterized in that, described valve seating comprises each component of following percentage by weight wt%: carbon 1.0--1.8, chromium 3.5--6, molybdenum 2.5--5.0, nickel 1.3--2.0, cobalt 5.5--6.0, nanometer Fe 0.2--0.3, copper 16.0-26.0, bifluoride calcium 0.1--0.12, molybdenum bisuphide 0.05--0.07, manganese sulfide 0.06--0.08, mica 0.16--0.5, silicate 0.3--0.6, boron nitride 0.08--0.12, plumbous 0.09--0.12, graphite 1.1-1.5, surplus is iron.
3. according to claim 1 containing Fe Nano-Powders powder metallurgical valve seat, it is characterized in that, described valve seating comprises each component of following percentage by weight wt%: carbon 0.9--1.5, chromium 4.5--6.0, molybdenum 3.5--5.0, nickel 1.0--1.8, cobalt 3.0--5.0, nanometer Fe 0.1--0.25, copper 18.0-25.0, bifluoride calcium 0.08--0.11, molybdenum bisuphide 0.05--0.07, manganese sulfide 0.05--0.08, mica 0.2--0.5, silicate 0.3--0.6, boron nitride 0.08--0.12, plumbous 0.1--0.12, graphite 1.0-1.5, surplus is iron.
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