CN106077584B - 超硬耐磨复合刀片的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种超硬耐磨复合刀片的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:将刀片基体材料进行预制胚及预成型基体处理,形成预成型胚体;向预成型胚体中加入超硬合金材料,经超高温熔融处理后使预成型胚体生成纳米级超硬合金体;冷却后,根据所述刀片规格,加工研磨后即得所述超硬耐磨耐锈复合刀片。本发明制备的复合刀片,具有超高的硬度和耐磨性能及胚体耐锈性能;且纳米级超硬合金体的刀刃能持久锋利,不易磨损。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及刀片制作方法,具体涉及一种超硬耐磨复合刀片的制备方法。
背景技术
通常的刀片由单一材料制成,如钢刀、陶瓷刀等,刀口锋利,易于切割。但全钢刀片通常采用单一的高碳工具钢或合金工具钢及耐蚀合金钢制造,一方面增加了硬度材料的消耗,提高了成本,另一方面,工具钢淬火处理后韧性变差容易断裂,崩口,增加了使用的危险性及抗冲击性。而陶瓷刀片是使用精密陶瓷高温高压烧制而成的,具有耐磨、硬度高、不会生锈、容易清洗等优点,全陶瓷刀片不仅成本高、价格昂贵,而且韧性较低、性脆易断。
现有技术中,镍基、钴基、铁基合金、碳化钨复合材料,高耐锈硬质合金及陶瓷,人造金刚石是世界上硬度较高的材料,将其制成超硬材料粉末与经高温烧结而成的超硬合金材料具有很好的使用性能,可广泛应用与日用剪切工具及破碎工具领域。但超硬合金复合刀片均采用超硬合金基底与耐蚀基体组合装配的方法牢度不够,超硬材料层薄结构薄弱,不利于工具使用。
专利文献CN101168230A中公开了一种超硬复合刀片制造方法,采用将预备作为刀片基座的硬质合金或高速钢板进行钻预成型孔处理,形成预成型孔,然后在烧结磨具的保护下支架想预成型孔内加绒超硬材料与结合剂粉末,通过高温高压烧结后使预成型孔内材料转化为超硬聚晶材料。该方法需要先形成预成型孔,并需添加结合剂粉末来强化复合材料的粘结牢度,工艺复杂。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的缺陷,本发明提供了一种超硬耐磨复合刀片的制备方法。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:
本发明提供了一种超硬耐磨复合刀片的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
A1、将刀片基体材料进行预制胚及预成型基体处理,形成预成型胚体;
A2、向预成型胚体中加入超硬合金材料,经超高温熔融处理后使预成型胚体生成纳米级超硬合金体;
A3、冷却后,根据所述刀片规格,加工研磨后即得所述超硬耐磨耐锈复合刀片。
优选地,步骤A2中所述超高温熔融处理的温度为1200-2700℃,时间为2-60秒。所述的温度为根据不同材料的熔断温度及温度损耗设定,若温度太低不熔,温度太高将破坏材料特性。
优选地,所述预成型胚体的形状为平面基台和曲面基台。
优选地,所述刀片基体材料包括马氏体不锈钢、铁素体不锈钢、奥氏体不锈钢、钛合金或耐锈合金中的至少一种。
优选地,所述超硬合金材料包括镍基合金、钴基合金、铁基合金、碳化钨复合材料、高耐锈硬质合金、陶瓷、人造金刚石中的至少一种。
更优选地,所述超硬合金材料包括镍基合金、碳化钨钴合金或陶瓷中的至少一种。
优选地,所述冷却的方法为空冷和油冷。
更优选地,所述冷却时间为10-120分钟,冷却至10-100℃。
本发明还提供了一种根据所述方法制备的超硬耐磨复合刀片的应用,所述应用包括采用所述复合刀片制备超硬耐磨刀具、单边超硬耐磨刀具和超硬耐磨剪刀具。
本发明超硬耐磨复合刀片的制备中,无需加入结合剂来增加复合材料的粘接牢度,仅通过通过瞬间高温熔断对象,高温使基座材料与熔接材料合金化,即可实现复合刀片焊接牢固、不易脱落的效果。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下的有益效果:
1、本发明制备的复合刀片,刀刃具有超高的硬度和耐磨及抗蚀性能。
2、纳米级超硬合金体的刀尖能持久锋利,不易磨损。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述,本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显:
图1为本发明实施例1制备的超硬耐磨刀具刀口;
图2为本发明实施例2制备的单边超硬耐磨刀具刀口;
图3为本发明实施例3制备的超硬耐磨剪刀刀口;
其中,1为刀刃尖体;2为刀片基体。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
本实施例涉及一种超耐磨刀具的超硬耐磨复合刀片的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
A1、将刀片基体材料进行预制胚及预成型基体处理,形成预成型胚体;
A2、向预成型胚体中加入超硬合金材料,经超高温熔融处理后使预成型胚体生成纳米级超硬合金体;
A3、冷却后,根据所述刀片规格,加工研磨后即得所述超硬耐磨耐锈复合刀片。
步骤A2中所述超高温熔融处理的温度为1400-1800℃,时间为2-60秒。
所述预成型胚体的形状为平面基台。
所述刀片基体材料为马氏体不锈钢。
所述超硬合金材料为镍基合金。
所述冷却的方法为空冷;冷却的时间为120分种,冷却至100℃温度以下。
本实施例制备的耐磨刀具刀口如图1所示,所述耐磨刀具刀口包括刀刃尖体1和刀片基体2,其刀刃尖体1的硬度为58-75。
实施例2
本实施例涉及一种单边超耐磨刀具的超硬耐磨复合刀片的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
A1、将刀片基体材料进行预制胚及预成型基体处理,形成预成型胚体;
A2、向预成型胚体中加入超硬合金材料,经超高温熔融处理后使预成型胚体生成纳米级超硬合金体;
A3、冷却后,根据所述刀片规格,加工研磨后即得所述超硬耐磨耐锈复合刀片。
步骤A2中所述超高温熔融处理的温度为2400-2700℃,时间为2-10秒。
所述预成型胚体的形状为曲面基台。
所述刀片基体材料为奥氏体不锈钢。
所述超硬合金材料为碳化钨钴合金。
所述冷却的方法为油冷;冷却的时间为30分种,冷却至100℃温度以下。
本实施例制备的单边超耐磨刀具刀口如图2所示,所述单边超耐磨刀具刀口包括刀刃尖体1和刀片基体2,其刀刃尖体1的硬度为58-75。
实施例3
本实施例涉及一种超耐磨剪刀的超硬耐磨复合刀片的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
A1、将刀片基体材料进行预制胚及预成型基体处理,形成预成型胚体;
A2、向预成型胚体中加入超硬合金材料,经超高温熔融处理后使预成型胚体生成纳米级超硬合金体;
A3、冷却后,根据所述刀片规格,加工研磨后即得所述超硬耐磨耐锈复合刀片。
步骤A2中所述超高温熔融处理的温度为1900-2100℃,时间为30-40秒。
所述预成型胚体的形状为曲面基台。
所述刀片基体材料为钛合金。
所述超硬合金材料为陶瓷。
所述冷却的方法为油冷;冷却的时间为10分种,冷却至100℃温度以下。
本实施例制备的超耐磨剪刀刀口如图3所示,所述超耐磨剪刀刀口包括刀刃尖体1和刀片基体2,其刀刃尖体1的硬度为58-75。
本发明具体应用途径很多,以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式。应当指出,以上实施例仅用于说明本发明,而并不用于限制本发明的保护范围。对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进,这些改进也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种超硬耐磨复合刀片的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
A1、将刀片基体材料进行预制胚及预成型基体处理,形成预成型胚体;
A2、向预成型胚体中加入超硬合金材料,经超高温熔融处理后使预成型胚体生成纳米级超硬合金体;
A3、冷却后,根据所述刀片规格,加工研磨后即得所述超硬耐磨耐锈复合刀片;
所述步骤A2中所述超高温熔融处理的温度为2400-2700℃,时间为2-10秒;
所述预成型胚体的形状为曲面基台;所述刀片基体材料为奥氏体不锈钢;所述超硬合金材料为碳化钨钴合金;所述冷却的方法为油冷;冷却的时间为30分种,冷却至100℃以下,所述超硬耐磨耐锈复合刀片包括刀刃尖体和刀片基体,所述刀刃尖体的硬度为58-75。
2.一种根据权利要求1所述制备方法制备的超硬耐磨复合刀片的应用,其特征在于,所述应用为采用所述复合刀片制备单边超硬耐磨刀具。
3.一种超硬耐磨复合刀片的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
A1、将刀片基体材料进行预制胚及预成型基体处理,形成预成型胚体;
A2、向预成型胚体中加入超硬合金材料,经超高温熔融处理后使预成型胚体生成纳米级超硬合金体;
A3、冷却后,根据所述刀片规格,加工研磨后即得所述超硬耐磨复合刀片;
所述步骤A2中所述超高温熔融处理的温度为1900-2100℃,时间为30-40秒;所述预成型胚体的形状为曲面基台;所述刀片基体材料为钛合金;所述超硬合金材料为陶瓷;所述冷却的方法为油冷;冷却的时间为10分种,冷却至100℃以下,所述超硬耐磨复合刀片包括刀刃尖体和刀片基体,所述刀刃尖体的硬度为58-75。
4.一种根据权利要求3所述制备方法制备的超硬耐磨复合刀片的应用,其特征在于,所述应用为采用所述复合刀片制备超硬耐磨剪刀。
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WO2018018506A1 (zh) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-02-01 | 杭州巨星工具有限公司 | 切割部件及其制造方法 |
CN109227973B (zh) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-09-29 | 杨燕军 | 一种铝基金刚石复合超高硬度划片刀及其制造方法 |
CN112387956B (zh) * | 2019-08-12 | 2022-04-01 | 江苏华昌工具制造有限公司 | 一种硬质合金锯片的制备方法 |
CN112676372B (zh) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-05-24 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | 多层刀具用复合钢板及其制备方法 |
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