CN106073751B - A kind of portable brain magnetic detection device - Google Patents
A kind of portable brain magnetic detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106073751B CN106073751B CN201610367559.7A CN201610367559A CN106073751B CN 106073751 B CN106073751 B CN 106073751B CN 201610367559 A CN201610367559 A CN 201610367559A CN 106073751 B CN106073751 B CN 106073751B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/242—Detecting biomagnetic fields, e.g. magnetic fields produced by bioelectric currents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
- A61B2562/0223—Magnetic field sensors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2576/00—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis
- A61B2576/02—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis specially adapted for a particular organ or body part
- A61B2576/026—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis specially adapted for a particular organ or body part for the brain
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Abstract
A kind of portable brain magnetic detection device, including the brain magnetic measurement helmet (100), optics atom magnetometer (101a~101h), drive system (103), signal detection system (104) and storage system (105).The input terminal of optics atom magnetometer (101a~101h) is connect with the output end of drive system (103), output end is connect with the input terminal of signal detection system (104), first output end of signal detection system (104) is connect with storage system (105), and the second output terminal of signal detection system (104) is connect with the input terminal of drive system (103).Optics atom magnetometer (101a~101h) is embedded on the brain magnetic measurement helmet (100), acquires brain magnetic signal.Drive system (103) maintains optics atom magnetometer normal operating conditions.The output signal of signal detection system (104) optics atom magnetometer for identification, the storage of storage system (105) complete pair signals.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of brain magnetic detection device, in particular to a kind of portable brain magnetic based on optics atom magnetometer
Detection device.
Background technique
Electrical activity of neurons in human brain can produce magnetic field, magneticencephalogram (Magnetoencephalography, MEG)
It is that one kind can be in the technology in this magnetic field of scalp surface Non-invasive detection.When brain magnetic signal passes through the anatomical structures such as scalp, skull
It will not be distorted, therefore image clearly is easily distinguished, there is higher accuracy to brain diseases diagnosis.Since brain neuron generates
Magnetic field it is extremely faint, only several hundred fT (10-15T), maximum neural magnetic signal such as epileptic spike only has several pT (10-12T), because
This must have reliable magnetic field shielding system and sensitive brain magnetic field measuring device.Existing magneticencephalogram is with superconductive quantum interference
Instrument (super-conducting quantum interference device, SQUID) is core devices, superconductive quantum interference
Instrument works in low-temperature superconducting state, needs to be cooled down using liquid helium, theoretically the sensitivity of superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) is reachable
1fT/Hz1/2, the sensitivity of commercial magneticencephalogram instrument is up to 2~3fT/Hz1/2.Meanwhile magnetic shield room is also needed when measuring brain magnetic, it uses
The interference of earth's magnetic field, power frequency magnetic field etc. is filtered out, screened room generally built by permalloy.But low-temperature superconducting system and
High performance magnetic shield room causes the existing brain magnetic signal detection device based on SQUID, and structure is complicated, manufacture and maintenance cost
It is high, seriously limit the clinical application of magneticencephalogram.
Optics atom magnetometer is equally a kind of Magnetic Sensor that sensitivity is high, recently as semiconductor laser and
The sensitivity of the development of Atomic Physics, optics atom magnetometer alreadys exceed superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID).With superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)
It compares, optics atom magnetometer does not need low-temperature maintaining device, thus causes the extensive concern of various aspects.But at present not yet
See the brain magnetic signal detection device based on optics atom magnetometer.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming the prior art, a kind of portable brain based on optics atom magnetometer is proposed
Magnetic signal detection device.
Portable brain magnetic detection device of the present invention measures brain magnetic signal by optics atom magnetometer, it is not necessary to shield
Cover room.Optics atom magnetometer is a kind of highly sensitive magnetic field measurement device based on optical pumping effect.Atom is in optical pumping
Effect is lower to be aligned, and the variation of externally-applied magnetic field influences the ordered state of atom, counter can be released by detecting transmitted light
Externally-applied magnetic field.
Portable brain magnetic detection device of the present invention include the brain magnetic measurement helmet, optics atom magnetometer array, drive system,
Signal detection system and storage system.Optics atom magnetometer array is embedded on the brain magnetic measurement helmet, optics nonmagnetic atom
The input terminal of strong meter array and the output end of drive system connect, the output end of optics atom magnetometer array and signal detection system
The input terminal of system connects, and the first output end of signal detection system is connect with storage system, and the second of signal detection system
Output end and the input terminal of drive system connect.The brain magnetic measurement helmet is used for the connection of this detection device and subject.Optics is former
Sub- magnetometer is acquired brain magnetic signal as sensor.The effect of drive system is to maintain optics atom magnetometer normal
Working condition.The output signal of signal detection system optics atom magnetometer for identification, the complete pair signals of storage system
Storage.
The drive system includes laser source array, heater constant current source array and modulated Field constant current source array.Swash
Radiant array is connect with the first input end of optics atom magnetometer array, the output end and optics of heater constant current source array
Second input terminal of atom magnetometer array connects, and the third of modulated Field constant current source array and optics atom magnetometer array inputs
End connection.Laser source array provides incident laser for optics atom magnetometer array, and heater constant current source array is that optics is former
Sub- magnetometer array provides heated current, and modulated Field constant current source array provides generation modulation magnetic field for optics atom magnetometer array
Electric current.
The signal detection system includes photodetector array, temperature-control circuit array and phase-sensitive detection circuit battle array
Column.The input terminal of photodetector array is connect with the first output end of optics atom magnetometer array, temperature-control circuit battle array
The input terminal of column is connect with the second output terminal of optics atom magnetometer array, and the output end and phase sensitivity of photodetector array are examined
The input terminal of wave circuit array connects, heater constant current source array in the output end and drive system of temperature-control circuit array
Input terminal connection.Photodetector array is used to detect the emergent light of optics atom magnetometer array output, carries in emergent light
There is brain magnetic signal to be measured.Temperature-control circuit array can detecte the temperature of optics atom magnetometer array, and according to setting
Temperature adjusts the working condition of heater constant current source array in drive system, if the temperature of optics atom magnetometer array is lower than
Set temperature then start to work by heater constant current source array, exports heated current, otherwise heater constant current source array does not work.Phase
Quick detecting circuit array is for filtering, the noise filtering that can will mix in photodetector array output signal.
The storage system includes difference engine array and signal storage.The input terminal and signal of difference engine array
The output end connection of phase-sensitive detection circuit array, the output end of difference engine array are connect with signal storage in detection system.Difference
The function of dividing device array is the difference calculated between the signal that different optics atom magnetometers measure.Signal storage is for believing
Number storage.
Optics atom magnetometer array is made of multiple identical chip-scale optics atom magnetometers, multiple chip-scale optics
Atom magnetometer is evenly arranged on the brain magnetic measurement helmet.Laser source array is made of the identical laser light source of multiple structures.Heating
Device constant current source array is made of the identical heater constant-current source of multiple structures.Modulated Field constant current source array is identical by multiple structures
Modulated Field constant-current source composition.Photodetector array is made of the identical photodetector of multiple structures.Temperature-control circuit battle array
Column are made of the identical temperature-control circuit of multiple structures.Phase-sensitive detection circuit array is made of multiple phase-sensitive detection circuits.Swash
The quantity of radiant, heater constant-current source, modulated Field constant-current source, photodetector, temperature-control circuit and phase-sensitive detection circuit
It is equal with the quantity of optics atom magnetometer, and corresponded with optics atom magnetometer.It is each in modulated Field constant current source array
Modulated Field constant-current source uses different power frequencies, and different from the frequency of heater constant current source array, when to be filtered
The electromagnetic interference as caused by modulation magnetic field or heater between adjacent signals acquisition channel can be filtered out.
1 laser light source, heater constant current source array in 1 chip-scale optics atom magnetometer, laser source array
In 1 heater constant-current source, 1 modulated Field constant-current source in modulated Field constant current source array, 1 in photodetector array
1 phase sensitivity inspection in 1 temperature-control circuit, phase-sensitive detection circuit array in photodetector, temperature-control circuit array
The peripheral components of wave circuit composition optics atom magnetometer.1 chip-scale optics atom magnetometer and its peripheral components constitute 1
Brain magnetic signal acquisition channel, portable brain magnetic signal detection device of the present invention have multiple signal sampling channels, can there is 2~257
A, wherein 1 is reference channel, remaining is Measurement channel.
Many disturbing factors such as earth's magnetic field, power frequency magnetic field are contained in the signal measured due to optics atom magnetometer,
The signal collected noise section in two brain magnetic signal acquisition channels can be offset using differential signal, what is obtained is two logical
The difference of signal between road.When practical application, the position of the optics atom magnetometer in reference channel is in the brain Magnetic testi helmet
Edge, such as left ear side.At this moment it is considered that the collected signal of optics atom magnetometer in reference channel does not contain brain magnetic
Signal, only noise information.The collected signal of optics atom magnetometer in Measurement channel has brain magnetic information simultaneously and makes an uproar
Acoustic intelligence.The signal that optics atom magnetometer in this way in Measurement channel measures is surveyed with optics atom magnetometer in reference channel
The signal subtraction obtained retains useful signal to filter out noise.Differentiated signal input signal memory, in case brain magnetic
Signal post-processing and various analyses.
The signal differential function of device of the present invention is completed by the difference engine array in storage system, difference engine battle array
Column are made of the identical difference engine of multiple structures, and the quantity of difference engine and the quantity of Measurement channel are equal, one by one with Measurement channel
It is corresponding.Each difference engine is by two input terminals, the output end of first input end and the phase-sensitive detection circuit in the Measurement channel of place
The phase-sensitive detection circuit output end of connection, the second input terminal and reference channel connects.Output end is connect with signal storage.If
The signal of the phase-sensitive detection circuit output of one Measurement channel is Vm, and the signal of the phase-sensitive detection circuit output of Measurement channel is
Vref, then the output of difference engine corresponding to this Measurement channel is Vm-Vref.
1 brain magnetic signal acquisition channel includes chip-scale optics atom magnetometer and peripheral components two large divisions.Chip-scale
Optics atom magnetometer is the core component of brain magnetic signal detection device.One chip-scale optics atom magnetometer volume is no more than
2 cubic centimetres, include rubidium steam chamber, heater, temperature sensor, modulation coil, incident optical, entrance prism, outgoing rib
Mirror, lens, the output optical fiber and shell.Rubidium steam chamber, heater, temperature sensor, modulation coil, entrance prism, outgoing prism
Inside the housing with lens packages.There are five port, first input ports, the second input for 1 chip-scale optics atom magnetometer
Port, third input port, the first output port and second output terminal mouth, these ports are located at shell exterior.Incident optical
Input terminal is connect with first input port, and incident optical passes through shell, the output end of incident optical and the plane of incidence of entrance prism
Connection, the output end of the output optical fiber connect with the first delivery outlet end, and the output optical fiber passes through shell, the input terminal of the output optical fiber with it is saturating
The exit facet of mirror connects, and the plane of incidence of lens is connect with the exit facet of outgoing prism, and heater is connect with the second input port, is adjusted
Coil processed is connect with third input port, and temperature sensor is connected with second output terminal mouth.
Peripheral components include laser light source, heater constant-current source, modulated Field constant-current source, temperature-control circuit, photodetection
Device, phase-sensitive detection circuit and signal storage.Laser light source is connect with the first input port of optics atom magnetometer, is added
The output end of hot device constant-current source is connect with the second input port of optics atom magnetometer, modulated Field constant-current source and optics nonmagnetic atom
The third input port connection counted by force, the input terminal of photodetector are connect with the first output port of optics atom magnetometer,
The input terminal of temperature-control circuit is connect with the second output terminal mouth of optics atom magnetometer, the input terminal of heater constant-current source with
The output end of temperature-control circuit connects.The output end of photodetector and the input terminal of phase-sensitive detection circuit connect, phase sensitivity inspection
The output end of wave circuit is connect with signal storage.
One signal sampling channel can functionally be divided into temperature control system, optical system and additional modulation magnetic field system
System, they act on the core component of optics atom magnetometer in the form of heat, light, magnetic respectively --- rubidium steam chamber.The present invention
For the rubidium steam chamber used for cylinder, side is transparent surface.In addition to natural rubidium in rubidium steam chamber, it is filled with buffer gas also to tie up
The polarized state for holding rubidium atom, the buffer gas being filled with are neon, and pressure is about 133Pa.
The optical system of optics atom magnetometer includes incident optical, entrance prism, outgoing prism, lens and emergent light
It is fine.Wherein entrance prism and outgoing prism are fixed on the outer surface of heater, and heater has a common boundary with entrance prism, outgoing prism
Aperture at face, so that laser can be passed through out of hole and irradiate rubidium steam chamber.Lens are mounted between outgoing prism and the output optical fiber,
Emergent light can be converged to get up to enter back into the output optical fiber.Laser light source issues the left or right rotation circular polarization that wavelength is 795nm
Light, laser enter optical fiber, then reach entrance prism, irradiate rubidium steam chamber by the aperture on heater after prismatic decomposition,
Laser by the transmitted light after rubidium steam chamber again by outgoing prismatic decomposition, collected by lens, after focusing by the emergent light for being emitted prism
Into the output optical fiber, final emergent light is finally detected by photodetector.The indoor rubidium atom of rubidium steam is under laser irradiation
Photon is absorbed, energy level transition occurs, high level state is arrived by " pumping ", optical pumping keeps atom integrated distribution higher in some energy level
Sub- energy level on.Since the energy of laser changes, the information of rubidium state of atom is contained in the transmitted light of rubidium steam chamber.
In order to enhance the effect of optical pumping, it is necessary to improve the number of gaseous state rubidium atom by heating.The optical pumping of rubidium is believed
It is number very sensitive to temperature change, the temperature of rubidium steam chamber must be kept constant in measurement process.In the present invention, heater, temperature
Degree sensor, heater constant-current source and temperature-control circuit constitute the closed loop thermal control system of rubidium steam chamber, can be by rubidium
The temperature of steam chamber controls between 45~55 DEG C.In the closed loop thermal control system of this rubidium steam chamber, rubidium steam chamber quilt
Heater package, hot device appearance are cube, and there is resistance wire for heating in inside, and rest part is made from a material that be thermally conductive.Together
When rubidium steam chamber surface be mounted with temperature sensor, can real-time measurement rubidium steam room temperature.The closed loop thermal of rubidium steam chamber controls
When system works, the electric current that heater constant-current source generates heats rubidium steam chamber by heater, and stablizes it in work
Make temperature, 45~55 DEG C, while temperature sensor is started to work, by the rubidium steam chamber temperature information real-time transmission measured to temperature
Control circuit is spent, temperature-control circuit adjusts the output electric current of heater constant-current source according to the temperature of rubidium steam chamber, if rubidium steams
The temperature of gas chamber is lower than 47 DEG C, then the output electric current of heater constant-current source, carries out heating to rubidium steam chamber until temperature sensor
It detects that rubidium steam room temperature is increased to 53 DEG C, is then shut off heater constant-current source.
The additional modulation field system of optics atom magnetometer includes modulation coil and modulated Field constant-current source.Modulation coil is
A pair of or three pairs of coaxial circular coils, are mounted on heater outer surface, can produce the modulation magnetic field in one or three direction.Modulation
Coil is driven by modulated Field constant-current source, and it is several hundred hertz to several hundred megahertzs of electric current that modulated Field constant-current source, which can produce frequency,
Electric current flows through modulation coil, generates modulation magnetic field, and the electric current that each pair of modulation coil passes through is different, to filter out different modulating magnetic field
Between interfere with each other.Magnetic field and optical pumping collective effect are modulated in rubidium atom, atom aligns.
When optics atom magnetometer works, closed loop thermal control system, optical system and additional modulation field system are common
Rubidium steam chamber is acted on, atom aligns, while the absorption of rubidium atom pair photon will lead to rubidium steam chamber emergent light
Change, photodetector output will be stable sine wave, and frequency is identical as modulation field frequency.Modulated Field constant-current source with plus
Hot device constant current source frequency is different.If brain magnetic signal also acts on rubidium steam chamber, the emergent light of rubidium steam chamber will carry tune simultaneously
The information in magnetic field processed and brain magnetic signal, photodetector output will be modulated sine wave, and phase-sensitive detection circuit can will be electric
The garbages such as the modulation magnetic field carried in signal filter out.Since modulated Field constant-current source is different from heater constant current source frequency, phase
Quick detecting circuit can also filter out the magnetic field that heater generates, and then be stored by signal storage, in case software section
Processing.
The portable brain magnetic detection device course of work of the present invention is as follows:
The first step, the preheating of optics atom magnetometer array.Drive system is started to work, the output of heater constant current source array
Electric current heats optics atom magnetometer, while temperature-control circuit passes through the temperature sensing inside optics atom magnetometer array
Device detects temperature, and all optics atom magnetometers stop heating after reaching operating temperature.
Second step, self-check of device.Laser source array issues incident laser, and modulated Field constant current source array issues electric current, light
It learns atom magnetometer and enters working condition, photodetector array detects the shoot laser of optics atom magnetometer array, phase sensitivity
Detecting circuit array is filtered the output signal of photodetector array, and difference engine array is corresponding by each Measurement channel
Phase-sensitive detection circuit, which exports corresponding with reference channel phase-sensitive detection circuit and exports, to be subtracted each other, and obtains differential signal and be stored in signal depositing
Reservoir.If detecting the signal in signal storage in storage unit is zero, show that device is working properly, if abnormal
It needs to proofread device.
Third step, subject wear the brain Magnetic testi helmet, setup test.
4th step, it is formal to detect.Optics atom magnetometer collects subject's brain magnetic signal, and stores to signal and store
Device.
5th step terminates detection.Subject removes the brain Magnetic testi helmet.
Device of the present invention compared with prior art, has the advantage that
First, device of the present invention uses optics atom magnetometer for sensor measurement brain magnetic signal, compared to tradition
Using superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) as the brain magnetic detection system of sensor, structure is simple, does not need low-temperature superconducting system, is not dropping
Under the premise of low measurement accuracy, reduce costs.
Second, device of the present invention uses differential configuration, subtracts reference channel with Measurement channel signal collected
Signal collected is exported as actual brain magnetic signal, compared to the method for the passive screening of traditional building screened room, or
The active shield method of the additional shielded coil of person, this denoising method is at low cost, small in size, is suitable for mancarried device.
Third, present invention employs the methods of closed loop thermal control to carry out temperature control to rubidium steam chamber, keeps its temperature steady
It is scheduled between 45~55 DEG C, improves the stability of optics atom magnetometer critical component, to improve the measurement of whole device
Precision.
4th, in summary three advantages, device volume of the present invention is small, light-weight, is a kind of portable brain magnetic survey
Device is measured, compared to traditional brain magnetic measuring device, is not necessarily to screened room, low-temperature superconducting system, is following development trend.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 portable brain magnetic detection device example structure block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of a brain magnetic signal Measurement channel of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of storage system of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of portable brain magnetic detection device of the present invention includes the brain magnetic measurement helmet 100, optics original
Sub- magnetometer array, drive system 103, signal detection system 104 and storage system 105.Optics atom magnetometer array
It being embedded on the brain magnetic measurement helmet 100, optics atom magnetometer array is made of 8 optics atom magnetometer 101a~101h,
It is evenly arranged on the brain magnetic measurement helmet 100.The input terminal of optics atom magnetometer array is connect with the output end of drive system 103,
The output end of optics atom magnetometer is connect with the input terminal of signal detection system 104, the first output of signal detection system 104
End is connect with storage system 105, and the second output terminal of signal detection system 104 is connect with the input terminal of drive system 103.
The drive system 103 includes laser source array 106, heater constant current source array 107 and modulated Field constant current
Source array 108.Laser source array 106 is connect with the first input end 102a of optics atom magnetometer array, heater constant current
The output end of source array 107 is connect with the second input terminal 102b of optics atom magnetometer array, modulated Field constant current source array 108
It is connect with the third input terminal 102c of optics atom magnetometer array.Laser source array 106 is optics atom magnetometer array
Incident laser is provided, heater constant current source array 107 provides heated current, modulated Field for the heating of optics atom magnetometer array
Constant current source array 108 provides the electric current for generating modulation magnetic field for optics atom magnetometer array.
The signal detection system 104 includes photodetector array 109, temperature-control circuit array 110 and phase sensitivity
Detecting circuit array 111.The input terminal of photodetector array 109 and the first output end 102d of optics atom magnetometer array
Connection, the input terminal of temperature-control circuit array 110 are connect with the second output terminal 102e of optics atom magnetometer array, photoelectricity
The output end of detector array 109 is connect with the input terminal of phase-sensitive detection circuit array 111, temperature-control circuit array 110
Output end is connect with the input terminal of heater constant current source array 107 in drive system 103.Photodetector array 109 is used to examine
The emergent light of photometry atom magnetometer array output, carries brain magnetic signal in emergent light.Temperature-control circuit array 110 can
To detect the temperature of optics atom magnetometer array, and heater constant-current source in drive system 103 is adjusted according to set temperature
The working condition of array 107, the heater constant current source array if the temperature of optics atom magnetometer array is lower than set temperature
107 start to work, and export heated current, otherwise heater constant current source array 107 does not work.Phase-sensitive detection circuit array 110 is used
In filtering, the noise filtering that can will mix in 109 output signal of photodetector array.
The storage system 105 includes difference engine array 112 and signal storage 113.Signal storage 113 is used
In the storage of signal.The input terminal of difference engine array 112 in signal detection system 106 phase-sensitive detection circuit array 111 it is defeated
Outlet connection, the output end of difference engine array 112 are connect with signal storage 113.The function of difference engine array 112 is to calculate
Difference between different optics atom magnetometers are signal collected.
Laser source array 106 is made of the identical laser light source of 8 structures.Heater constant current source array 107 is tied by 8
The identical heater constant-current source composition of structure.Modulated Field constant current source array 108 is made of the identical modulated Field constant-current source of 8 structures.
Photodetector array 109 by the identical photoelectricity group detector of 8 structures at.Temperature-control circuit array 110 is by 8 structure phases
Same temperature-control circuit composition.Phase-sensitive detection circuit array 111 is made of 8 phase-sensitive detection circuits.Laser light source, heater
The quantity and optics atom magnetic strength of constant-current source, modulated Field constant-current source, photodetector, temperature-control circuit and phase-sensitive detection circuit
The quantity of meter is equal, and optics atom magnetometer corresponds.Each modulated Field constant-current source is adopted in modulated Field constant current source array 108
It is different from the frequency of heater constant current source array 107 with different power frequencies, adjacent signals can be filtered out when to filter to be adopted
Collect the electromagnetic interference as caused by modulation magnetic field or heater between channel.
1 heater constant current in 1 laser light source, heater constant current source array 107 in laser source array 106
1 photodetector in 1 modulated Field constant-current source, photodetector array 109 in source, modulated Field constant current source array 108,
1 temperature-control circuit in temperature-control circuit array 110 and 1 phase sensitive detection electricity in phase-sensitive detection circuit array 111
Road constitutes the peripheral components of optics atom magnetometer, and 1 chip-scale optics atom magnetometer and its peripheral components constitute a brain
Magnetic signal acquisition channel.The present embodiment has 8 brain magnetic signal acquisition channels, wherein 1 is reference channel, remaining 7 are measurement
Channel.
The course of work of the present embodiment is as follows:
The first step, the preheating of optics atom magnetometer.Optics atom magnetometer drive system 103 is started to work, heater
Constant current source array 107 exports electric current and heats to optics atom magnetometer, while 110 channel optical atom magnetic strength of temperature-control circuit
Temperature sensor inside meter detects temperature, and optics atom magnetometer 101a~101h stops heating after reaching operating temperature.
Second step, self-check of device.Laser source array 106 issues incident laser, and modulated Field constant current source array 108 issues electricity
Stream, optics atom magnetometer 101a~101h enter working condition.Photodetector array 109 detects optics atom magnetometer battle array
The shoot laser of column, phase-sensitive detection circuit array 111 are filtered the output signal of photodetector array 109, difference engine
Array 112 exports the output of the corresponding phase-sensitive detection circuit of each Measurement channel phase-sensitive detection circuit corresponding with reference channel
Subtract each other, obtain differential signal and is stored in signal storage 113.If detecting the signal in signal storage 113 in storage unit
It is zero, shows that device is working properly, needs to proofread device if abnormal.
Third step, subject wear the brain Magnetic testi helmet 100, setup test.
4th step, it is formal to detect.Optics atom magnetometer 101a~101h collects subject's brain magnetic signal, and stores and arrive
Signal storage 113.
5th step, terminates detection, and subject removes the brain Magnetic testi helmet 100.
Fig. 2 show the structure chart in 1 brain magnetic signal acquisition channel of the invention.As shown in Fig. 2, 1 brain magnetic signal acquisition
Channel includes chip-scale optics atom magnetometer and peripheral components two large divisions.Chip-scale optics atom magnetometer includes rubidium steam
Room 200, heater 201, temperature sensor 202, modulation coil 203, incident optical 204, entrance prism 205, outgoing prism
206, lens 207, the output optical fiber 208 and shell 209.Rubidium steam chamber 200, heater 201, temperature sensor 202, modulation coil
203, entrance prism 205, outgoing prism 206 and lens 207 are encapsulated in inside shell 209.Chip-scale optics atom magnetometer has
Five ports: first input port 211, the second input port 212, third input port 213, the first output port 214, and
Second output terminal mouth 215, these ports are located at outside shell 209, are connect by extended line 210 with the component inside shell 209.
The input terminal of incident optical 204 is connect with first input port 211, and incident optical 204 passes through shell 209, incident optical 204
Output end is connect with the plane of incidence of entrance prism 205, and the output end of the output optical fiber 208 connects 214 mouthfuls of the first output end, emergent light
Fibre 208 passes through shell 209, and the input terminal of the output optical fiber 208 connect with the exit facet of lens 207, the plane of incidence of lens 207 and out
The exit facet connection of prism 206 is penetrated, heater 201 is connect with the second input port 212, modulation coil 203 and third input terminal
Mouth 213 connects, and temperature sensor 202 connects second output terminal mouth 215.The volume of one chip-scale optics atom magnetometer is less than
2 cubic centimetres, the length of extended line 210 is between 30 centimetres to 2 meters.Peripheral components include laser light source 216, heater constant current
Source 219, modulated Field constant-current source 218, temperature-control circuit 217, photodetector 220, phase-sensitive detection circuit 221 and signal
Memory 222.Laser light source 216 is connect with first input port 211, the output end of heater constant-current source 219 and the second input
Port 212 connects, and modulated Field constant-current source 218 is connect with third input port 213, and the input terminal of photodetector 220 is connected to
The input terminal of first output port 214, temperature-control circuit 217 is connect with second output terminal mouth 215.Heater constant-current source 219
Input terminal connect with the output end of temperature-control circuit 217.The output end and phase-sensitive detection circuit 221 of photodetector 220
Input terminal connection, the output end of phase-sensitive detection circuit 221 connect with the input terminal of signal storage 222.
Rubidium steam chamber 200 is the core component of optics atom magnetometer, and what the present invention used rubidium steam chamber is cylinder
Shape, side are transparent surface.In addition to natural rubidium in rubidium steam chamber, it is filled with buffer gas also to maintain the polarized state of rubidium atom,
The buffer gas being filled with is neon, and pressure is about 133Pa.In order to enhance the effect of optical pumping, it is necessary to improve gas by heating
The number of state rubidium atom.The oplical pumping signal of rubidium is very sensitive to temperature change, and rubidium steam chamber must be kept in measurement process
Temperature is constant.Rubidium steam chamber 200 is wrapped up by heater 201, and 201 appearance of heater is cube, and there is electricity for heating in inside
Silk is hindered, rest part is made from a material that be thermally conductive.200 surface of rubidium steam chamber is mounted with temperature sensor 202 simultaneously, can real-time measurement
Rubidium steam room temperature.Modulation coil 203 is a pair of or three pairs of coaxial circular coils, is mounted on heater outer surface, can produce one
A or three directions modulation magnetic field.Incident optical 204, entrance prism 205 and outgoing prism 206, lens 207, the output optical fiber
208 constitute the optical path of optics atom magnetometer, and wherein entrance prism 205 and outgoing prism 206 are fixed on the outer of heater 201
Surface, heater 201 with entrance prism 205, be emitted prism 206 interface at aperture, so that laser can be passed through out of hole
And irradiate rubidium steam chamber 200.Lens 207 are mounted between outgoing prism 206 and the output optical fiber 208, emergent light can be converged
Get up to enter back into the output optical fiber 208.
Illustrate the working principle of optics atom magnetometer below.
The first step, the electric current that heater constant-current source 219 generates heats rubidium steam chamber by heater 201, and makes
It is stablized in operating temperature, and 45~55 DEG C, while temperature sensor 202 is started to work, 200 temperature of rubidium steam chamber that will be measured
Information real-time transmission to temperature-control circuit 217, temperature-control circuit 217 adjusts heater according to the temperature of rubidium steam chamber 200
The output electric current of constant-current source 219 increases the output of heater constant-current source 219 if the temperature of rubidium steam chamber 200 is lower than 47 DEG C
Electric current, to rubidium steam chamber 200 carry out heating until temperature be increased to 53 DEG C, be then shut off heater constant-current source 219.
Second step, laser light source 216 issue the left or right rotation circularly polarized light that wavelength is 795nm, and laser enters incident light
Then fibre 204 reaches entrance prism 205, irradiate rubidium steam chamber by the aperture on heater after the light splitting of entrance prism 205
200, laser is divided by outgoing prism 206 again after passing through rubidium steam chamber 200, and the emergent light of outgoing prism 206 is received by lens 207
Collection enters the output optical fiber 208 after focusing, and final emergent light is finally detected by photodetector 220.In rubidium steam chamber 200
Energy level transition occurs under laser irradiation for rubidium atom, arrives high level state by " pumping ", optical pumping makes atom integrated distribution Mr. Yu
On a higher sub- energy level of energy level.
Third step, it is several hundred hertz to several hundred megahertzs of electric current that modulated Field constant-current source 219, which generates frequency, and electric current flows through tune
Coil 203 processed, generates modulation magnetic field, and modulation magnetic field and optical pumping collective effect, atom align.
4th step, when measurement, brain magnetic signal acts on the atom generation in rubidium steam chamber 200, influences its suction to photon
It receives, to change the transmitted light of rubidium steam chamber 200, counter can push away brain magnetic signal from the change of transmitted light.
5th step, photodetector 220 detect the emergent light for carrying brain magnetic signal, are translated into electric signal, and pass
It send to phase-sensitive detection circuit 221, phase-sensitive detection circuit 221 is filtered out the garbages such as modulation magnetic field are carried in electric signal, later
The useful signal storage 222 that is sent to stored.
Fig. 3 show storage system schematic diagram of the present invention.
Illustrate storage system principle in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3.Storage system include 7 difference engine 301a~
301g and 1 signal storage 300.Each difference engine is there are two input terminal, Measurement channel where first input end and difference engine
Phase-sensitive detection circuit output end connection, the phase-sensitive detection circuit output end of the second input terminal and reference channel connects.7 differences
The output of device is divided to be all connected to signal storage 300.Example brain magnetic signal acquisition channel where optics atom magnetometer 101h as shown in figure 1
For reference channel, signal sampling channel where optics atom magnetometer 101a~101g is Measurement channel, optics atom magnetometer
The signal that 101a~101h is measured is by 8 identical phase-sensitive detection circuit outputs in phase-sensitive detection circuit array 113, often
A phase-sensitive detection circuit all have the function of in Fig. 2 the structure of photodetector 221 and.The first input end of so 7 difference engines
Corresponding to the signal that optics atom magnetometer 101a~101g is detected, it is former that the second input terminal of 7 difference engines corresponds to optics
The signal that sub- magnetometer 101h is detected.The output end of 7 difference engines is what optics atom magnetometer 101a~101g was detected
The difference for the signal that signal and optics atom magnetometer 101h are detected.
The function of difference engine is to calculate the difference of two channel signals.The signal measured due to optics atom magnetometer
In contain many disturbing factors such as earth's magnetic field, power frequency magnetic field, can will be in two optics atom magnetometers using differential signal
Identical noise section subtracts each other, and what is obtained is the difference of signal between two channels.When practical application, 8 brain magnetic can be believed
One in number acquisition channel, brain magnetic signal acquisition channel is set as reference channel where optics atom magnetometer 101h as shown in figure 1,
Its position is beside the edge of the brain magnetic measurement helmet 100, such as left ear.At this moment it is considered that optics atom magnetometer 101h is acquired
The signal arrived does not contain brain magnetic signal, only noise information.Remaining collected signal of optics atom magnetometer has brain simultaneously
Magnetic information and noise information.The signal phase that the signal that optics atom magnetometer 101a~101g in this way is measured is measured with 101h
Subtract, to filter out noise.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of portable brain magnetic detection device, it is characterized in that: the portable brain magnetic detection device includes brain magnetic measurement head
Helmet (100), optics atom magnetometer array, drive system (103), signal detection system (104) and storage system
(105)；Optics atom magnetometer array is uniformly embedded on the brain magnetic measurement helmet (100)；Optics atom magnetometer array it is defeated
Enter end to connect with the output end of drive system (103), the output end of optics atom magnetometer array and signal detection system (104)
Input terminal connection, the first output end of signal detection system (104) connect with storage system (105), signal detection system
The second output terminal of system (104) is connect with the input terminal of drive system (103)；Optics atom magnetometer array is adopted as sensor
Collect brain magnetic signal；The effect of drive system (103) is to maintain optics atom magnetometer normal operating conditions；Signal detection system
(104) output signal of optics atom magnetometer for identification, the storage of storage system (105) complete pair signals；
The drive system (103) includes that laser source array (106), heater constant current source array (107) and modulated Field are permanent
Stream source array (108)；
The signal detection system (104) includes photodetector array (109), temperature-control circuit array (110) and phase
Quick detecting circuit array (111)；
The storage system (105) includes difference engine array (112) and signal storage (113)；Difference engine array
(112) input terminal is connect with the output end of phase-sensitive detection circuit array (111) in signal detection system (106), difference engine battle array
The output end of column (112) is connect with signal storage (113)；Difference engine array (112) calculates different optics atom magnetometers and surveys
The difference between signal measured, signal storage (113) are stored for signal；
The optics atom magnetometer array is made of multiple identical chip-scale optics atom magnetometers；Laser source array
(106) it is made of the identical laser light source of multiple structures；The heater constant current source array (107) is identical by multiple structures
Heater constant-current source composition；Modulated Field constant current source array (108) is made of the identical modulated Field constant-current source of multiple structures；Photoelectricity is visited
Device array (109) are surveyed to be made of the identical photodetector of multiple structures；Temperature-control circuit array (110) is by multiple structure phases
Same temperature-control circuit composition；Phase-sensitive detection circuit array (111) is made of the identical phase-sensitive detection circuit of multiple structures；Swash
The quantity of radiant, heater constant-current source, modulated Field constant-current source, photodetector, temperature-control circuit and phase-sensitive detection circuit
It is equal with the quantity of optics atom magnetometer, and corresponded with optics atom magnetometer；1 laser light source, 1 heater perseverance
Stream source, 1 modulated Field constant-current source, 1 photodetector, 1 temperature-control circuit, 1 phase-sensitive detection circuit constitute optics original
It is logical that the peripheral components of sub- magnetometer, 1 chip-scale optics atom magnetometer and its peripheral components constitute a brain magnetic signal acquisition
Road；The difference engine array (112) is made of the identical difference engine of multiple structures, and each difference engine is there are two input terminal, and the
One input terminal is connect with the output end of the phase-sensitive detection circuit in the Measurement channel in place brain magnetic signal acquisition channel, the second input
End is connect with the phase-sensitive detection circuit output end of the reference channel in place brain magnetic signal acquisition channel；The output end of difference engine and institute
Signal storage in brain magnetic signal acquisition channel connects；
Brain magnetic signal acquisition channel described in one includes a chip-scale optics atom magnetometer and peripheral components two large divisions；
One chip-scale optics atom magnetometer includes rubidium steam chamber (200), heater (201), temperature sensor (202), modulation lines
It encloses (203), incident optical (204), entrance prism (205), outgoing prism (206), lens (207), the output optical fiber (208), outer
Shell (209) and extended line (210)；
The modulation coil (203) is a pair of or three pairs of coaxial circular coils, is mounted on the outer surface of heater (201), is adjusted
Coil (203) processed generates the modulation magnetic field in one or three direction；It is several hundred that the modulated Field constant-current source (218), which generates frequency,
Hertz arrives several hundred megahertzs of electric current, and electric current flows through modulation coil (203), generates modulation magnetic field, and modulated Field is common with optical pumping
Effect, aligns rubidium atom；Modulation coil is driven by modulated Field constant-current source, and the electric current that modulated Field constant-current source generates flows through tune
Coil processed, generates modulation magnetic field, and modulation magnetic field and optical pumping collective effect align rubidium atom in rubidium atom；Often
The electric current passed through to modulation coil is different, and interfering with each other between different modulating magnetic field is filtered out when to be filtered.
2. portable brain magnetic detection device described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterized in that: laser source array (106) and optics
The first input end (102a) of atom magnetometer array connects, the output end and optics atom of heater constant current source array (107)
The second input terminal (102b) of magnetometer array connects, modulated Field constant current source array (108) and optics atom magnetometer array
Third input terminal (102c) connection；Laser source array (106) provides incident laser, heater for optics atom magnetometer array
Constant current source array (107) provides heated current for the heating of optics atom magnetometer array, and modulated Field constant current source array (108) is
Optics atom magnetometer array provides the electric current for generating modulation magnetic field.
3. portable brain magnetic detection device described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterized in that: photodetector array (109) is defeated
Enter end to connect with the first output end (102d) of optics atom magnetometer array, the input terminal of temperature-control circuit array (110)
It is connect with the second output terminal (102e) of optics atom magnetometer array, the output end and phase sensitivity of photodetector array (109)
The input terminal of detecting circuit array (111) connects, in the output end of temperature-control circuit array (110) and drive system (103)
The input terminal of heater constant current source array (107) connects；Photodetector array (109) is used to detect optics atom magnetometer battle array
The emergent light of output is arranged, carries brain magnetic signal in emergent light；Temperature-control circuit array (110) detects optics atom magnetometer
The temperature of array, and according to the work shape of heater constant current source array (107) in the temperature of setting adjustment drive system (103)
State, if the temperature of optics atom magnetometer array is lower than set temperature, heater constant current source array (107) is started to work, defeated
Heated current out, otherwise heater constant current source array (107) does not work；Phase-sensitive detection circuit array (110) is for filtering, by light
The noise filtering mixed in electric explorer array (109) output signal.
4. portable brain magnetic detection device described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterized in that: brain magnetic signal acquisition described in one is logical
Road includes a chip-scale optics atom magnetometer and peripheral components two large divisions；One chip-scale optics atom magnetometer includes
Rubidium steam chamber (200), heater (201), temperature sensor (202), modulation coil (203), incident optical (204), incident rib
Mirror (205), outgoing prism (206), lens (207), the output optical fiber (208), shell (209) and extended line (210), rubidium steam chamber
(200), heater (201), temperature sensor (202), modulation coil (203), entrance prism (205), outgoing prism (206) and
Lens (207) are encapsulated in shell (209) inside, and there are five ports for a chip-scale optics atom magnetometer: first input port
(211), the second input port (212), third input port (213), the first output port (214) and second output terminal mouth
(215), these ports are located at shell (209) outside, are connect by extended line (210) component internal with shell (209)；It is incident
The input terminal of optical fiber (204) is connect with first input port (211), and incident optical (204) passes through shell (209), incident optical
(204) output end is connect with the plane of incidence of entrance prism (205), and the output end of the output optical fiber (208) connects the first output end
Mouth (214), the output optical fiber (208) pass through shell (209), and the input terminal of the output optical fiber (208) and the exit facet of lens (207) connect
It connects；The plane of incidence of lens (207) is connect with the exit facet of outgoing prism (206), heater (201) and the second input port
(212) it connects, modulation coil (203) is connect with third input port (213), and temperature sensor (202) connects second output terminal
Mouth (215)；The peripheral components include laser light source (216), heater constant-current source (219), modulated Field constant-current source (218),
Temperature-control circuit (217), photodetector (220), phase-sensitive detection circuit (221) and signal storage (222)；Laser light source
(216) it is connect with first input port (211), the output end and the second input port (212) of heater constant-current source (219) are even
It connects, modulated Field constant-current source (218) is connect with third input port (213), the input terminal of photodetector (220) and the first output
Port (214) connection, the input terminal of temperature-control circuit (217) are connect with second output terminal mouth (215)；Heater constant-current source
(219) input terminal is connect with the output end of temperature-control circuit (217)；The output end and phase sensitivity of photodetector (220) are examined
The input terminal of wave circuit (221) connects, and the output end of phase-sensitive detection circuit (221) and the input terminal of signal storage (222) connect
It connects.
5. portable brain magnetic detection device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the rubidium steam chamber (200) is circle
Cylindricality, side are transparent surface；In addition to natural rubidium in rubidium steam chamber (200), it is filled with buffer gas also to maintain the pole of rubidium atom
Change state, the buffer gas being filled with are neon, pressure 133Pa；The heater (201), temperature sensor (202) plus
Hot device constant-current source (219) and temperature-control circuit (217) constitute the closed loop thermal control system of rubidium steam chamber (200)；It is described
Rubidium steam chamber (200) wrapped up by heater (201), have resistance wire for heating inside heater (201), rest part by
Heat Conduction Material is made；Rubidium steam chamber (200) surface is equipped with temperature sensor, the temperature of real-time measurement rubidium steam chamber (200)；Institute
Heater (201), temperature sensor (202), heater constant-current source (219) and the temperature-control circuit (217) stated constitute rubidium
The closed loop thermal control system of steam chamber (200)；When the closed loop thermal control system work of rubidium steam chamber (200), heater is permanent
The electric current that stream source (219) generates heats rubidium steam chamber (200) by heater (201), and stablizes it in operating temperature 45
~55 DEG C, while temperature sensor (202) is started to work, extremely by rubidium steam chamber (200) the temperature information real-time transmission measured
Temperature-control circuit (217), temperature-control circuit (217) adjust heater constant-current source according to the temperature of rubidium steam chamber (200)
(219) output electric current increases the output of heater constant-current source (219) if the temperature of rubidium steam chamber (200) is lower than 47 DEG C
Electric current, to rubidium steam chamber (200) carry out heating until temperature be increased to 53 DEG C, be then shut off heater constant-current source (219)；Measurement
When, brain magnetic signal acts on the atom generation in the rubidium steam chamber (200), its absorption to photon is influenced, to change
The transmitted light of rubidium steam chamber (200), change from transmitted light is counter to push away brain magnetic signal；Photodetector (220) detects carrying brain
The emergent light of magnetic signal is translated into electric signal, and is sent to phase-sensitive detection circuit (221), and phase-sensitive detection circuit (221) will
The garbages such as the modulated Field carried in electric signal filter out, and useful information is sent to signal storage (222) storage.
6. portable brain magnetic detection device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the incident optical (204), incidence
Prism (205), the optical path for being emitted prism (206), lens (207), the output optical fiber (208) composition optics atom magnetometer；It is incident
Prism (205) and outgoing prism (206) are fixed on the outer surfaces of heater (201), heater (201) with entrance prism
(205) it is passed through out of hole with outgoing prism rib (206) interface aperture, laser and irradiates rubidium steam chamber (200)；Lens (207)
It is mounted between outgoing prism (206) and the output optical fiber (208), emergent light convergence is got up to enter back into the output optical fiber (208)；Swash
Radiant (216) issues the left or right rotation circularly polarized light that wavelength is 795nm, and laser enters incident optical (204), then reaches
Entrance prism (205) irradiates rubidium steam chamber (200) by the aperture on heater (201) after entrance prism (205) light splitting,
Laser pass through rubidium steam chamber (200) after transmitted light again by outgoing prism (206) be divided, be emitted prism (206) emergent light by
Lens (207) are collected, enter the output optical fiber (208) after focusing, and final emergent light is finally detected by photodetector (220)；
Rubidium atom in rubidium steam chamber (200) absorbs photon under laser irradiation, and energy level transition occurs, and arrives high level shape by " pumping "
State, optical pumping make atom integrated distribution on the higher sub- energy level of some energy level；Since the energy of laser changes, rubidium steams
The information of rubidium state of atom is contained in the transmitted light of gas chamber (200).
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