CN106069938A - A kind of cultural method improving Andrias davidianus Blanchard immunocompetence - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method improving Andrias davidianus Blanchard immunocompetence Download PDFInfo
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- CN106069938A CN106069938A CN201610495274.1A CN201610495274A CN106069938A CN 106069938 A CN106069938 A CN 106069938A CN 201610495274 A CN201610495274 A CN 201610495274A CN 106069938 A CN106069938 A CN 106069938A
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- pond
- andrias davidianus
- davidianus blanchard
- water
- immunocompetence
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural method improving Andrias davidianus Blanchard immunocompetence, the method includes: pond construction, put preparation in a suitable place to breed, juvenile fish is put in a suitable place to breed, feedstuff feeding, water control pipe reason, aquaculture management.This method is used to carry out giant salamander culture, immunocompetence and the survival rate of Andrias davidianus Blanchard can be improved, this method is provided with in the process of construction of pond prevents escaping net, overcome the problem that Andrias davidianus Blanchard easily runs away, carry out disinfecting the plantation with pasture and water before putting in a suitable place to breed, decrease the antibacterial in water and improve the breeding environment of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, in breeding process, homemade Andrias davidianus Blanchard special feed is used to feed, the nutrition required for Andrias davidianus Blanchard growth can not only be ensured, its immunocompetence can also be improved, increase survival rate, finally by water control pipe reason and aquaculture management, pond is made to be more suitable for the growth of Andrias davidianus Blanchard.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, be specifically related to a kind of cultural method improving Andrias davidianus Blanchard immunocompetence.
Background technology
Andrias davidianus Blanchard be the most existing maximum be also most precious Amphibian.Its cry is as the sob of baby, therefore
People are again its " Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) ".Andrias davidianus Blanchard is the country amphibious wild animal of second class protection, is agriculture industrialization and featured agriculture emphasis
Exploitation and wild animal gene protection kind.Andrias davidianus Blanchard, i.e. Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard), be the one that in Amphibian, the bodily form is maximum, and total length is up to 1
Rice and more than, what body weight was the heaviest surpasses hundred jin, and the somewhat similar Eremiatis argi of profile, the most stout and strong the most flat.Andrias davidianus Blanchard head
Portion's circle flat, blunt, mouth is big, and eye is undeveloped, without eyelid.Health front portion is flat, gradually transfers to flat-sided to afterbody.Body both sides have substantially
Skin pleat, extremity are short flat, refer to, before toe after four five, have micro-web.Tail is circular, and tail has fin up and down.The body colour of Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) can be with not
With environment and change, but much more general in taupe.Body surface smooth is without squama, but has various speckle, is covered with mucus.
Andrias davidianus Blanchard is the animal that a kind of edibility is high, its fine and tender taste, delicious flavour, containing high quality protein, enriches
Aminoacid and trace element, high nutritive value, being described as " Radix Ginseng in water " Andrias davidianus Blanchard muscle protein is a kind of high-quality protein, must
Needing amino acid content high, proportion of composing is good, complies fully with human body requirement pattern.Andrias davidianus Blanchard muscle protein rich in 18 kinds of aminoacid,
Wherein 6 kinds of delicious amino acid account for the 42.77% of total amino acid content, and 8 kinds of essential amino acids account for total amino acid content
40.72%, it is necessary to aminoacid and non essential amino acid ratio are 68.68%, Andrias davidianus Blanchard is a kind of traditional famous and precious medicinal animal, its flesh
Meat, internal organs, skeleton, epidermis and secretions thereof all can be used as medicine.
Because Andrias davidianus Blanchard has high edibility and medical value, therefore increasing Andrias davidianus Blanchard artificial culture technology is just
In succession occur, but in the breeding process of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, it is higher to the demand of aminoacid, fatty acid and trace element, and existing
In cultural technique, main employing living bait is raised, and the cost of feedstuff is high, and living bait is affected by natural cause, supplies
Fluctuation and the change of living bait nutritive value that should measure bring inconvenience and potential risk greatly to the cultivation of Andrias davidianus Blanchard juvenile fish, because of
This present invention is studied by the nutrition needed for growing Andrias davidianus Blanchard, it is provided that a kind of can be effectively improved the cultivation that Andrias davidianus Blanchard is disease-resistant
Method.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides and a kind of can be effectively improved the cultural method that Andrias davidianus Blanchard is disease-resistant.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of cultural method improving Andrias davidianus Blanchard immunocompetence, the method comprises the following steps:
A, pond are built: building pond and cultivate, the degree of depth in pond is 65-85cm, and pond is formed around a height of 95-
High anti-of 105cm escapes net, water filling in pond, when pond water is as deep as to 50cm；
B, putting preparation in a suitable place to breed: after pond is ready to complete, use disinfectant to pond disinfection, the process time is 12h,
After having sterilized, waste water is withdrawn and fed into stream and controls planting density pasture and water are planted in pond；
C, juvenile fish are put in a suitable place to breed: after using stream to soak pond 15d, taken out by waste water, inject clean stream, the pH of detection water
Value is for putting into juvenile fish in pond during 6.8-7.2；
D, feedstuff feeding: use Andrias davidianus Blanchard special feed to throw something and feed, throw something and feed every day twice；
E, water control pipe are managed: need in breeding process to control the dissolved oxygen amount >=10mg/L in pond water, and pH value controls as 6.8-
7.2；
F, aquaculture management: the water temperature controlled in cultivating pool in breeding process is 15-20 DEG C, mends in time during feedstuff deficiency
Material, after cultivating 1 month, increases feedstuff feeding amount, and feeding volume is the 5% of Andrias davidianus Blanchard body weight.
The disinfectant used in described step b is bleaching powder and metrifonate forms according to the proportions that mass ratio is 1:1.
The amount of application of the disinfectant in described step b is 45-65kg/m2, disinfection way is uniformly to splash in full pond.
In described step b, the planting density of pasture and water is 30-40/mu.
Andrias davidianus Blanchard special feed in described step d is made up of following raw material: fish flour 50-56 part, soybean cake 8-16 part,
Wheat bran 4-10 part, Cicadae pupa powder 5-11 part, bone meal 3-8 part, pollen 3-8 part, mixed vitamin 3-8 part, citric acid 3-8 part, egg ammonia
Acid 3-8 part, tryptophan 3-8 part, arginine 3-8 part, Chinese medicine powder 7-13 part, fish oil 4-9 part, trace element 3-8 part, oxya chinensis 14-
20 parts.
Described Chinese medicine powder is by the Bulbus Allii of equal proportion, Rhizoma Coptidis, Galla Chinensis, Flos Lonicerae, Semen Cucurbitae, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Pericarpium Granati, Fructus Crataegi
Co-grinding, to 120-140 mesh, obtains mixed powder, and mixed powder is mixed post-heating extremely with water according to the ratio that mass ratio is 1:6
85-95 DEG C, filter after boiling 10-20min, then be dried to water content≤5% prepared.
Described Andrias davidianus Blanchard special feed is by by fish flour, soybean cake, wheat bran, Cicadae pupa powder, bone meal, pollen, mixed vitamin, lemon
Lemon acid, methionine, tryptophan, arginine, fish oil, trace element mixing all with after at a temperature of 90-100 DEG C sterilization 5-
10min obtains compound, oxya chinensis is put in edible oil fried be golden yellow to surface after pull out, by compound, Chinese medicine powder, grasshopper
Put into after grasshopper mix homogeneously flour mill is carried out grinding process obtain mixed powder, mixed powder is put in dehydrator, control dry
Temperature is 60-80 DEG C, and drying time is 10-30min, and the mixed powder being dried to water content≤10% drying puts into bulking machine
In, controlling temperature is 60 DEG C, obtains Andrias davidianus Blanchard special feed through pelletize after expanded 50-60min.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is: use this method carry out giant salamander culture, it is possible to increase the immunocompetence of Andrias davidianus Blanchard and
Survival rate, this method is provided with in the process of construction of pond prevents escaping net, overcomes the problem that Andrias davidianus Blanchard easily runs away, carries out before putting in a suitable place to breed
Disinfect the plantation with pasture and water, decrease the antibacterial in water and improve the breeding environment of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, in breeding process, use
Homemade Andrias davidianus Blanchard special feed is fed, and can not only ensure the nutrition required for Andrias davidianus Blanchard growth, additionally it is possible to improve its immunity
Ability, increases survival rate, finally by water control pipe reason and aquaculture management so that pond is more suitable for the growth of Andrias davidianus Blanchard.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme is further described, but claimed scope is not limited to
In described.
Embodiment one
Feed formula: fish flour 50 parts, soybean cake 8 parts, wheat bran 4 parts, 5 parts of Cicadae pupa powder, bone meal 3 parts, pollen 3 parts, mixing dimension are raw
Element 3 parts, citric acid 3 parts, methionine 3 parts, tryptophan 3 parts, arginine 3 parts, Chinese medicine powder 7 parts, 4 parts of fish oil, trace element 3 parts,
Oxya chinensis 14 parts.
Feed producing method: fish flour, soybean cake, wheat bran, Cicadae pupa powder, bone meal, pollen, mixed vitamin, citric acid, egg ammonia
Acid, tryptophan, arginine, fish oil, trace element mixing all with after at a temperature of 90 DEG C sterilization 5min obtain compound, by grasshopper
Grasshopper put in edible oil fried be golden yellow to surface after pull out, after compound, Chinese medicine powder, oxya chinensis mix homogeneously, put into grinding
Carrying out grinding process in machine and obtain mixed powder, put into by mixed powder in dehydrator, controlling to dry temperature is 60 DEG C, and drying time is
10min, the mixed powder being dried to water content≤10% drying is put in bulking machine, and controlling temperature is 60 DEG C, expanded 50min
After obtain Andrias davidianus Blanchard special feed through pelletize.
Cultural method:
A, pond are built: building pond and cultivate, the degree of depth in pond is 65cm, and it is high that pond is formed around a height of 95cm
Anti-escaping net, water filling in pond, when pond water is as deep as to 50cm；
B, putting preparation in a suitable place to breed: after pond is ready to complete, use disinfectant to pond disinfection, the process time is 12h,
After having sterilized, waste water is withdrawn and fed into stream and controls planting density pasture and water are planted in pond；
C, juvenile fish are put in a suitable place to breed: after using stream to soak pond 15d, taken out by waste water, inject clean stream, the pH of detection water
Juvenile fish can be put in pond when value is 6.8；
D, feedstuff feeding: use Andrias davidianus Blanchard special feed to throw something and feed, throw something and feed every day twice；
E, water control pipe are managed: needing in breeding process to control the dissolved oxygen amount >=10mg/L in pond water, it is 6.8 that pH value controls；
F, aquaculture management: the water temperature controlled in cultivating pool in breeding process is 15 DEG C, timely feed supplement during feedstuff deficiency, support
After growing 1 month, increasing feedstuff feeding amount, feeding volume is the 5% of Andrias davidianus Blanchard body weight.
Embodiment two
Feed formula: fish flour 56 parts, soybean cake 16 parts, wheat bran 10 parts, 11 parts of Cicadae pupa powder, bone meal 8 parts, pollen 8 parts, mixing dimension
Raw element 8 parts, citric acid 8 parts, methionine 8 parts, tryptophan 8 parts, arginine 8 parts, Chinese medicine powder 13 parts, 9 parts of fish oil, trace element 8
Part, oxya chinensis 20 parts.
Feed producing method: fish flour, soybean cake, wheat bran, Cicadae pupa powder, bone meal, pollen, mixed vitamin, citric acid, egg ammonia
Acid, tryptophan, arginine, fish oil, trace element mixing all with after at a temperature of 100 DEG C sterilization 10min obtain compound, general
Oxya chinensis put in edible oil fried be golden yellow to surface after pull out, after compound, Chinese medicine powder, oxya chinensis mix homogeneously, put into powder
Carrying out grinding process in grinding machine and obtain mixed powder, put into by mixed powder in dehydrator, controlling to dry temperature is 80 DEG C, drying time
For 30min, the mixed powder being dried to water content≤10% drying is put in bulking machine, and controlling temperature is 60 DEG C, expanded
Andrias davidianus Blanchard special feed is obtained through pelletize after 60min.
Cultural method:
A, pond are built: building pond and cultivate, the degree of depth in pond is 85cm, and it is high that pond is formed around a height of 105cm
Anti-escape net, water filling in pond, when pond water is as deep as to 50cm；
B, putting preparation in a suitable place to breed: after pond is ready to complete, use disinfectant to pond disinfection, the process time is 12h,
After having sterilized, waste water is withdrawn and fed into stream and controls planting density pasture and water are planted in pond；
C, juvenile fish are put in a suitable place to breed: after using stream to soak pond 15d, taken out by waste water, inject clean stream, the pH of detection water
Juvenile fish can be put in pond when value is 7.2；
D, feedstuff feeding: use Andrias davidianus Blanchard special feed to throw something and feed, throw something and feed every day twice；
E, water control pipe are managed: needing in breeding process to control the dissolved oxygen amount >=10mg/L in pond water, it is 7.2 that pH value controls；
F, aquaculture management: the water temperature controlled in cultivating pool in breeding process is 20 DEG C, timely feed supplement during feedstuff deficiency, support
After growing 1 month, increasing feedstuff feeding amount, feeding volume is the 5% of Andrias davidianus Blanchard body weight.
Embodiment three
Feed formula: fish flour 53 parts, soybean cake 12 parts, wheat bran 7 parts, 8 parts of Cicadae pupa powder, bone meal 5.5 parts, pollen 5.5 parts, mixing
Vitamin 5.5 parts, citric acid 5.5 parts, methionine 5.5 parts, tryptophan 5.5 parts, arginine 5.5 parts, Chinese medicine powder 10 parts, fish oil
6.5 parts, trace element 5.5 parts, oxya chinensis 17 parts.
Feed producing method: fish flour, soybean cake, wheat bran, Cicadae pupa powder, bone meal, pollen, mixed vitamin, citric acid, egg ammonia
Acid, tryptophan, arginine, fish oil, trace element mixing all with after at a temperature of 95 DEG C sterilization 7.5min obtain compound, general
Oxya chinensis put in edible oil fried be golden yellow to surface after pull out, after compound, Chinese medicine powder, oxya chinensis mix homogeneously, put into powder
Carrying out grinding process in grinding machine and obtain mixed powder, put into by mixed powder in dehydrator, controlling to dry temperature is 70 DEG C, drying time
For 20min, the mixed powder being dried to water content≤10% drying is put in bulking machine, and controlling temperature is 60 DEG C, expanded
Andrias davidianus Blanchard special feed is obtained through pelletize after 55min.
Cultural method:
A, pond are built: building pond and cultivate, the degree of depth in pond is 75cm, and it is high that pond is formed around a height of 100cm
Anti-escape net, water filling in pond, when pond water is as deep as to 50cm；
B, putting preparation in a suitable place to breed: after pond is ready to complete, use disinfectant to pond disinfection, the process time is 12h,
After having sterilized, waste water is withdrawn and fed into stream and controls planting density pasture and water are planted in pond；
C, juvenile fish are put in a suitable place to breed: after using stream to soak pond 15d, taken out by waste water, inject clean stream, the pH of detection water
Juvenile fish can be put in pond when value is 7；
D, feedstuff feeding: use Andrias davidianus Blanchard special feed to throw something and feed, throw something and feed every day twice；
E, water control pipe are managed: needing in breeding process to control the dissolved oxygen amount >=10mg/L in pond water, it is 7 that pH value controls；
F, aquaculture management: the water temperature controlled in cultivating pool in breeding process is 17.5 DEG C, timely feed supplement during feedstuff deficiency,
After cultivating 1 month, increasing feedstuff feeding amount, feeding volume is the 5% of Andrias davidianus Blanchard body weight.
Claims (7)
1. the cultural method improving Andrias davidianus Blanchard immunocompetence, it is characterised in that: the method comprises the following steps:
A, pond are built: building pond and cultivate, the degree of depth in pond is 65-85cm, and pond is formed around a height of 95-105cm
High anti-escaping net, water filling in pond, when pond water is as deep as to 50cm；
B, putting preparation in a suitable place to breed: after pond is ready to complete, use disinfectant to pond disinfection, the process time is 12h, sterilization
After completing, waste water is withdrawn and fed into stream and controls planting density pasture and water are planted in pond；
C, juvenile fish are put in a suitable place to breed: after using stream to soak pond 15d, taken out by waste water, inject clean stream, and the pH value of detection water is
Juvenile fish can be put in pond during 6.8-7.2；
D, feedstuff feeding: use Andrias davidianus Blanchard special feed to throw something and feed, throw something and feed every day twice；
E, water control pipe are managed: need in breeding process to control the dissolved oxygen amount >=10mg/L in pond water, and pH value controls as 6.8-7.2；
F, aquaculture management: the water temperature controlled in cultivating pool in breeding process is 15-20 DEG C, timely feed supplement during feedstuff deficiency, support
After growing 1 month, increasing feedstuff feeding amount, feeding volume is the 5% of Andrias davidianus Blanchard body weight.
The cultural method improving Andrias davidianus Blanchard immunocompetence the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step b is adopted
Disinfectant be bleaching powder and metrifonate forms according to the proportions that mass ratio is 1:1.
The cultural method improving Andrias davidianus Blanchard immunocompetence the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step b
The amount of application of disinfectant is 45-65kg/m2, and disinfection way is uniformly to splash in full pond.
The cultural method improving Andrias davidianus Blanchard immunocompetence the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: water in described step b
The planting density of grass is 30-40/mu.
The cultural method improving Andrias davidianus Blanchard immunocompetence the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step d
Andrias davidianus Blanchard special feed is made up of following raw material: fish flour 50-56 part, soybean cake 8-16 part, wheat bran 4-10 part, Cicadae pupa powder 5-11
Part, bone meal 3-8 part, pollen 3-8 part, mixed vitamin 3-8 part, citric acid 3-8 part, methionine 3-8 part, tryptophan 3-8 part, essence
Propylhomoserin 3-8 part, Chinese medicine powder 7-13 part, fish oil 4-9 part, trace element 3-8 part, oxya chinensis 14-20 part.
The most according to claim 5 improve Andrias davidianus Blanchard immunocompetence cultural method, it is characterised in that: described Chinese medicine powder be by
The Bulbus Allii of equal proportion, Rhizoma Coptidis, Galla Chinensis, Flos Lonicerae, Semen Cucurbitae, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Pericarpium Granati, Fructus Crataegi co-grinding, to 120-140 mesh, obtain
To mixed powder, mixed powder and water are mixed post-heating to 85-95 DEG C according to the ratio that mass ratio is 1:6, after boiling 10-20min
Filter, then be dried to water content≤5% prepared.
The cultural method improving Andrias davidianus Blanchard immunocompetence the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described Andrias davidianus Blanchard is special to be raised
Material is by by fish flour, soybean cake, wheat bran, Cicadae pupa powder, bone meal, pollen, mixed vitamin, citric acid, methionine, tryptophan, essence
Propylhomoserin, fish oil, trace element mixing all with after at a temperature of 90-100 DEG C sterilization 5-10min obtain compound, oxya chinensis is put
Enter in edible oil fried be golden yellow to surface after pull out, put in flour mill after compound, Chinese medicine powder, oxya chinensis mix homogeneously
Carrying out grinding process and obtain mixed powder, put into by mixed powder in dehydrator, control to dry temperature and be 60-80 DEG C, drying time is
10-30min, the mixed powder being dried to water content≤10% drying is put in bulking machine, and controlling temperature is 60 DEG C, expanded
Andrias davidianus Blanchard special feed is obtained through pelletize after 50-60min.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108308117A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-07-24 | 彭全宝 | A kind of method that the giant salamander is supported in pond |
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Application publication date: 20161109 |