CN106068418A - A kind of method and system for inerting liquefied fuel gas storage tank skin - Google Patents

A kind of method and system for inerting liquefied fuel gas storage tank skin Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106068418A
CN106068418A CN201580008536.0A CN201580008536A CN106068418A CN 106068418 A CN106068418 A CN 106068418A CN 201580008536 A CN201580008536 A CN 201580008536A CN 106068418 A CN106068418 A CN 106068418A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gas
insulation layer
thermal insulation
inerting
pressure
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Granted
Application number
CN201580008536.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106068418B (en
Inventor
布鲁诺·德莱特雷
法布里斯·隆巴尔
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/10—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by liquid-circulating or vapour-circulating jackets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/001—Thermal insulation specially adapted for cryogenic vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
    • F17C13/126—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures for large storage containers for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/08—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask
    • F17C3/085—Cryostats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0325—Aerogel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F17C2203/0333—Polyurethane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0337—Granular
    • F17C2203/0341—Perlite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0345—Fibres
    • F17C2203/035—Glass wool
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0375—Thermal insulations by gas
    • F17C2203/0379—Inert
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/036—Control means using alarms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0447—Composition; Humidity
    • F17C2250/0452—Concentration of a product
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0486—Indicating or measuring characterised by the location
    • F17C2250/0491—Parameters measured at or inside the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0636—Flow or movement of content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/07—Actions triggered by measured parameters
    • F17C2250/072—Action when predefined value is reached
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/042—Reducing risk of explosion

Abstract

The method that the present invention relates to the heat insulation tank skin of an inerting antiseepage (1), is used for preserving liquid gas fuel.Wherein tank skin has a multiple structure, including two impervious barriers (2,4), one thermal insulation layer (3), described method is that procedure below is prepared: implement one first inerting pattern, wherein the gas phase of thermal insulation layer (3) maintains under a relative barometric pressure, and relative barometric pressure is less than a flammability limits air pressure Pi of gaseous fuel；In the first inerting pattern, detect whether the gas phase air pressure in described thermal insulation layer (3) exceedes described threshold pressure Ps；Switching the first inerting pattern to the second inerting pattern, the second inerting pattern will use a kind of noble gas to rinse described thermal insulation layer (3).

Description

A kind of method and system for inerting liquefied fuel gas storage tank skin
Technical field
The present invention relates to the inerting of a heat insulation tank skin of antiseepage, be used for preserving liquid gas fuel.
The present invention is especially suitable for the inerting of thin film tank skin, be used for storing liquefied natural gas.
Background technology
Being used for storing the antiseepage insulated tank of liquefied natural gas, generally include a tank skin, tank skin is in a thickness direction from tank Inner side have an one-level barrier film to outside continuous print, be used for contact with liquefied natural gas, an one-level thermal insulation layer, one Two grades of barrier films, two grades of thermal insulation layers and the load-carrying members of a definition tank overall shape.
The barrier film of tank may seepage, liquid flows to one-level thermal insulation layer in tank and two grades of thermal insulation layers flow into liquefaction skies So passage of gas.But, when gaseous fuel is oxidizing gas, the concentration of gaseous fuel is in LEL and the scope of UEL Between, and oxidizing gas is in a suitable concentration range, and gaseous fuel just can be lighted and explode.
Therefore to avoid such accident, it is known that by circulating nitrogen gas in thermal insulation layer, thermal insulation layer is maintained one Under inert environments.So, fuel and oxidizing gas may be at being diluted in thermal insulation layer, then will not reach explosion condition. It further provides for equally being equipped with a gas analysis apparatus into tank, be used for measuring gaseous fuel concentration in thermal insulation layer, to detect liquefaction Natural gas passes through one-level impervious barrier and/or the seepage of two grades of impervious barriers.
The gas phase of the thermal insulation layer being under an absolute atmosphere or another thermal insulation layer can also be maintained at a below equally Under atmospheric pressure, namely maintain a negative relative barometric pressure, so can strengthen the heat-proof quality of described thermal insulation layer.France is specially Profit application FR2535831 discloses the method.
But, majority of gas analyzer can not provide in the case of low pressure and detect data reliably.Therefore, thermal insulation layer In pressure be maintained on a minimum pressure, generally 80 kPas, the inert nature of such thermal insulation layer can be by Reliably monitor.Similarly, in thermal insulation layer, the flow velocity of gas circulation is also maintained on a minimum flow velocity.
So, when the pressure in thermal insulation layer is maintained at a low pressure, it is impossible to effectively monitor a thermal insulation layer Inert nature.
Summary of the invention
Essential idea in the present invention is to provide a kind of method and system for inerting tank skin, is used for preserving liquid gas Fuel, this method and system is reliable, and enhances the performance that tank is heat insulation.
According to an embodiment, the method that the invention provides a heat insulation tank skin of inerting antiseepage, it is used for preserving liquefied gas Fluid fuel.Wherein tank skin has a multiple structure, including two impervious barriers, a thermal insulation layer between two impervious barriers, institute State thermal insulation layer and include solid insulation material and gas phase.Described method is that procedure below is prepared:
-implement one first inerting pattern, wherein the gas phase of thermal insulation layer maintains under negative relative barometric pressure P1, and air pressure is low Ps is pressed in a threshold；Described threshold pressure Ps is less than a flammability limits air pressure Pi of gaseous fuel；
-in the first inerting pattern, whether the gas phase air pressure in detection thermal insulation layer exceedes described threshold pressure Ps；
-when the gas phase air pressure detected in thermal insulation layer exceedes described threshold pressure Ps, switch the first inerting pattern lazy to second Change pattern, the second inerting pattern will rinse the thermal insulation layer with noble gas.
As can be seen here, on the one hand when air pressure is less than the flammability limits air pressure of gaseous fuel, the first inerting pattern guarantees The inert nature of the gas phase in thermal insulation layer；On the other hand, the state by described thermal insulation layer maintains low pressure strengthens tank Heat-proof quality.It addition, after inert nature be reliably ensure that, if one of them antiseepage film loses barrier properties, stop Air pressure is less than flammability limits air pressure.When air pressure one reaches threshold pressure Ps, switching to the second inerting pattern, thermal insulation layer is by inertia Gas bleed, thus dilution fuel and/or oxidizing gas are in case reaching explosion condition effectively.
It is noted that in the description herein, a method being used for inerting thermal insulation layer refers to a kind of method, and it is used for guaranteeing Gas phase in described thermal insulation layer does not possess blast or the burning condition of gaseous fuel.
According to embodiment, it is one or more that such method can include in following characteristics:
In the first inerting pattern, one controls device one water plug of startup and makes the gas phase air pressure in thermal insulation layer low A set point in negative relative barometric pressure P1；
-threshold pressure Ps is less than 17000 handkerchiefs；
-threshold pressure Ps is less than the dividing potential drop of described gaseous fuel, and under atmospheric pressure temperature 25 DEG C, containing certain in admixture of gas The fuel gas of concentration, concentration is equivalent to the LEL of the described fuel gas in air；
-threshold pressure Ps is between 20% to the 35% of the dividing potential drop of described gaseous fuel, and under atmospheric pressure temperature 25 DEG C, gas mixes Containing certain density fuel gas in compound, concentration is equivalent to the LEL of the described fuel gas in air；
-threshold pressure Ps is the 30% of the dividing potential drop of described gaseous fuel, and under atmospheric pressure temperature 25 DEG C, contain in admixture of gas Certain density fuel gas, concentration is equivalent to the LEL of the described fuel gas in air；
-threshold pressure Ps is less than the dividing potential drop of air, under atmospheric pressure, containing certain density air in admixture of gas, its oxygen Gas concentration is equivalent to make a minimum oxygen concentration of gas fuel combustion；
-in the second inertia pattern, at atmosheric pressure, rinse thermal insulation layer with noble gas；
-gaseous fuel is selected from gas group, gas group comprise alkane, ethane, butane, propane, ethylene and they Mixture；
-tank is used for storing liquid fuel gas；
-fuel gas is stored in tank, and temperature is between-163 DEG C and 0 DEG C.When fuel gas is stored in air During the liquefied natural gas depressed, temperature is important at-163 DEG C；
-noble gas is selected from gas group, and gas group comprises dinitrogen, helium, argon and mixture thereof；
-one of them antiseepage film includes load-carrying members, and other antiseepage film include two grades of metal films, and heat insulation Layer is two grades of thermal insulation layers, and multiple structure includes of gaseous fuel be stored in tank for contact extraly Level metal film, and an one-level thermal insulation layer is between one-level metal film and two grades of metal films.Described one-level thermal insulation layer includes Solid insulation material and a gas phase, the most described method also prepares for procedure below:
One first inertia pattern of-enforcement one-level thermal insulation layer, one of them controls device one water plug of startup and makes The gas phase of one-level thermal insulation layer is under a set point of negative relative barometric pressure P1', less than a threshold pressure Ps'.Pressure Ps' is low for described threshold Flammability limits air pressure Pi in fuel gas；
-in the first inertia pattern of one-level thermal insulation layer, detect whether the gas phase air pressure at described one-level thermal insulation layer exceedes Threshold pressure Ps'；
-when gas phase air pressure one-level thermal insulation layer being detected exceedes threshold pressure Ps', switch the first inertia pattern to one-level thermal insulation layer The second inertia pattern, the second inertia pattern will use noble gas rinse one-level thermal insulation layer；
-threshold pressure Ps is variable, and when the first inertia pattern of one-level thermal insulation layer is carried out, and one first value is assigned to Threshold pressure Ps.When gas phase air pressure one-level thermal insulation layer being detected exceedes threshold pressure Ps', and one second value is assigned to threshold pressure Ps.
According to an embodiment, the present invention also provides for the system of a heat insulation tank skin of inerting antiseepage, is used for preserving liquefied gas Fluid fuel.Wherein tank skin has a multiple structure, multiple structure include two impervious barriers and one be placed in two impervious barriers it Between thermal insulation layer.Described thermal insulation layer includes solid insulation material and a gas phase, and this Inert systems includes:
-one water plug is mounted the gas phase for making the thermal insulation layer under negative relative barometric pressure P1 less than one Individual threshold pressure Ps, described threshold pressure Ps is less than the flammability limits pressure Pi of a fuel gas；
-one pressure transducer, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide the signal of the gas phase air pressure in thermal insulation layer；
-on the one hand, inert gas injection equipment is connected to a noble gas and stores container and/or a noble gas Generator；On the other hand, inert gas injection equipment is connected to a transfer tube, is used for noble gas is transported to thermal insulation layer In；And
-one controller can be used for:
Whether the gas phase of-detection thermal insulation layer exceedes described threshold pressure Ps；And can
-when gas phase air pressure thermal insulation layer being detected exceedes described threshold pressure Ps, a signal can be produced and open noble gas note Jet device.
According to embodiment, this Inert systems can include one or more following characteristics:
-inert gas injection equipment and a dinitrogen generator connect；
-Inert systems includes a gas analysis apparatus, and gas analysis apparatus is used for detecting the concentration of the gaseous fuel in gas phase.
According to an embodiment, present invention provides an antiseepage insulated tank, be used for preserving a kind of gaseous fuel.Antiseepage Insulated tank includes that has a multiple structure tank skin, multiple structure include two impervious barriers and one be placed in two impervious barriers it Between thermal insulation layer.Described thermal insulation layer includes solid insulation material and a gas phase, and an above-mentioned Inert systems.
In one embodiment, one of them impervious barrier includes load-carrying members, and another impervious barrier includes one two Level metal level.Multiple structure includes an one-level metal level extraly, and one-level metal level is used for contacting and is stored in gas combustion in tank Material, and a thermal insulation layer being placed between the first metal film and the second metal film.
This tank can be a part for land storage facilities, is such as used for storing liquefied natural gas, or may be installed coastal Or on deep water floating structure, especially may be installed a methane oil tanker, a Floating Storage and regasification plant, and a floating Produce other devices such as storage and offloading device.
According to an embodiment, the oil tanker being used for transporting liquid includes an above-mentioned tank.
According to an embodiment, present invention likewise provides a tanker loading and the method for unloading, one of which liquid By dielectric transmission Guan Yi float or carry out transmission back between land storage facilities and the tank of oil tanker.
According to an embodiment, present invention likewise provides a kind of cold liquid product transmission system, system includes above-mentioned oil tanker, Dielectric transmission pipe is so to install, to connect the tank being arranged on oil tanker shell floats or land storage facilities and to one Individual pump so that liquid is transferred to the tank of oil tanker by dielectric transmission pipe from that float or land storage facilities, or from oil tanker Tank is transferred to that float or land storage facilities.
Accompanying drawing explanation
A series of specific embodiments that the present invention has been given with reference to the accompanying drawings are combined below by nonrestrictive explanation, with Facilitate a better understanding of the present invention and more clearly show other objects, details, feature and the advantage of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a tank being equipped with Inert systems.
Fig. 2 is a curvilinear coordinate figure illustrating that Methane in Air flammability limits is affected by air pressure and temperature.
Fig. 3 is one can be equipped with Inert systems and one for loading or unload the methane oil tanker of the terminal of described tank The generalized section of tank.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 illustrates one for the tank 1 storing a kind of gaseous fuel.Each tank skin 1 includes a multiple structure, from outward Layer is to internal layer, and multiple structure includes the load-carrying members 2 of definition tank 1 overall shape, and two grades of thermal insulation layers 3, two grades heat insulation Layer 3 includes leaning against the insulation component in load-carrying members 2, two grades of antiseepage film 4, an one-level thermal insulation layer 5, one-level thermal insulation layer 5 Including the insulation component leaned against in two grades of antiseepage film 4, and an one-level antiseepage film 6, one-level antiseepage film 6 is used for contacting at tank 1 In liquid gas fuel.
Load-carrying members 2 can be especially the metallic plate of oneself's motion and/or by the hull of oil carrier or double hull group Become.
Thermal insulation layer 3 and thermal insulation layer 5 include solid insulation material and a gas phase.According to an embodiment, thermal insulation layer 3 and every Thermosphere 5 is formed (displaying) by a couveuse.Couveuse includes a base plate and a cover plate, is such as made up of plywood, And between base plate and cover plate, insert the element at multiple interval.There is interval, with stuffed heat insulated bag between the element at interval.Every Hot bag can be made by arbitrarily having suitable heat-insulating property material.Such as, insulated bag material can be perlite, glass cotton, Polyurethane foam, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride foam, gel or other.
One-level antiseepage film 6 and two grades of antiseepage film 4 include a pantostrat of such as metal edge strip with raised brim.Institute State metal edge strip and be welded to parallel welding support by raised brim, and be fixed on the cover plate of couveuse.
One-level antiseepage film 6 and two grades of antiseepage film 4 prevent gas and fluid seepage.Load-carrying members 2 are also antiseeps.Cause This, " impervious barrier " refers to 6, two grades of antiseepage film 4 of one-level antiseepage film and load-carrying members 2 in the specification and in the claims.Thus Visible, the second thermal insulation layer 3 be installed in one from ambient pressure separate antiseepage interval, include two grades of antiseepage film by one First impervious barrier of 4, or by including two grades of impervious barrier impervious barriers of load-carrying members 2.
Gaseous fuel is liquid gas, and a kind of chemical substance or the mixture of chemical substance, it is at low temperatures Liquid phase, is gas phase at normal temperatures and pressures.Liquid gas 3 can be especially liquefied natural gas, and namely one mainly includes methane With the admixture of gas of one or more other Hydrocarbon, Hydrocarbon includes as ethane, propane, normal butane, isobutyl The nitrogen that alkane, pentane, isopentane and ratio are the least.Under atmospheric pressure temperature about-162 DEG C, liquefied natural gas is stored.
Gaseous fuel can also be ethane or liquefied petroleum gas, the admixture of gas of a kind of Hydrocarbon, it Produced by refining petroleum, substantially contain propane and normal butane.Gaseous fuel can also be ethylene.
The storage temperature of the most each gaseous fuel, as shown in list below:
Methane -162℃
Ethane -88.5℃
Propane -42℃
Normal butane -0.5℃
Ethylene -103.7
Can be leaked by one-level antiseepage film 6 and two grades of antiseepage film 4 due to natural gas and/or air is entered by load-carrying members 2 Enter, in order to prevent mixed gas from reaching explosion ratio in tank skin 1, it will tank skin is carried out inerting.Detailed description is presented herein below.
It is noted that in the above-described embodiments, be primarily directed to the inerting of two grades of thermal insulation layers 3.
The method and system of inerting has below will can be retouched in detail according to the feature of two different inerting mode operatings State.
According to one first inerting pattern, the gas phase in thermal insulation layer 3 maintains a set point of air pressure P1, less than one Flammability limits air pressure Pi.Specifically, when air pressure is less than a flammability limits air pressure Pi, gaseous fuel will not burn.Gas The set point of pressure P1 is a subatmospheric absolute atmosphere, namely a negative relative barometric pressure.
Fig. 2 is that the flammability limits of a methane in atmosphere is relative to air pressure and temperature funtion.As it can be seen, at air In, temperature is 25 DEG C, and the flammability limits air pressure Pi of methane is 130 millimetress of mercury, i.e. 17, and 331 handkerchiefs.Therefore, when described gas phase Maintain the set point of air pressure P1 and be less than the flammability limits air pressure Pi of gaseous fuel, in the gas phase of thermal insulation layer 3 either The concentration of gaseous fuel or the concentration of oxygen, described gas phase is all without burning and blast.First inertia pattern is heat insulation in raising The insulating properties aspect of layer 3 also has superiority.
When, in the air ambient that temperature is 25 DEG C, the order of magnitude of each gaseous fuel flammability limits air pressure, as with following Shown in table:
Gaseous fuel Pi
Methane 17 331 handkerchiefs
Ethane 26 600 handkerchiefs
Propane 28 600 handkerchiefs
Butane 26 600 handkerchiefs
In order to operate an inertia pattern, Inert systems includes a water plug 7, and water plug 7 is by a transfer tube 8 It is connected to thermal insulation layer 3.Water plug 7 includes one or more vacuum pump, vacuum pump can make thermal insulation layer 3-dimensional hold one hundreds of or The low pressure state of several kPas, vacuum pump is the equipment of a segmentation series connection being made up of sickle pump and lobe pump.
System also includes a pressure transducer 9, and pressure transducer 9 can send gas phase air pressure in a thermal insulation layer 3 Signal.Pressure transducer 9 connects a gas pressure controlling device, and gas pressure controlling device is used for controlling according to the set point of air pressure P1 Water plug 7.When pressure transducer 9 detects that air pressure is higher than the set point of air pressure P1, and control equipment can start water plug 7. When pressure transducer 9 detects that air pressure is less than the set point of air pressure P1, and control equipment also can close water plug 7.Control equipment There is a delayed advantage, the stability of control can be improved.Control equipment can closely be combined in drawing water of inerting system On the controller 10 of device 7 and an inerting system.
It addition, inerting system is also suitable for operating in one second pattern, in a second mode, under atmospheric pressure pass through inerting The flushing of gas carrys out inerting thermal insulation layer 3.Second inerting pattern is a degraded operation pattern, when having in impervious barrier 2 and impervious barrier 4 One loses barrier properties and is affixed on thermal insulation layer 3, and the second inerting pattern is suitable.In fact, in this scheme, thermal insulation layer 3 is no longer Isolate from ambient pressure, therefore can not maintain a negative relative barometric pressure less than threshold pressure Ps.
In order to implement the second inerting pattern, inerting system includes inert gas injection equipment 11, inert gas injection equipment 11 can rinse thermal insulation layer 3 with noble gas.Inert gas injection equipment 11 includes a pressurized inert gas storage 12, pressurization The noble gas conveying pipe 14 of thermal insulation layer 3 is led in noble gas storage 12 connection one.Pressurized inert gas storage 12 passes through valve Door 16 is connected to pipe 14, and valve 16 is used for controlling to inject inert gas into flow rate and the air pressure of thermal insulation layer 3.Pressurized inert gas The size of body storage 12 must be sufficiently large, when having one lose barrier properties and be affixed on thermal insulation layer in impervious barrier 2 and (or) impervious barrier 4 3, inert gas injection equipment 11 is able to ensure that enough diluent gas fuel and (or) oxidizing gas, so makes it not reach quick-fried Fried limting concentration.Storage 12 must enable in particular to store a large amount of noble gas, and amount of inert gas is approximately equivalent at thermal insulation layer 3 Gas phase under middle atmospheric pressure.
Noble gas is selected from gas group, and gas group comprises dinitrogen, helium, argon and mixture thereof.An enforcement In example, noble gas be dinitrogen.
The embodiment of according to the present invention, not described above.Inert systems includes an inert gas generator, lazy Property gas generator can add existence, or substitute pressurized inert gas storage 12.Inert gas generator can be especially One dinitrogen generator, it can make dinitrogen be extracted from surrounding air.
In the appropriate case, pipe 14 can also be equipped with one optional, donkey pump 13, to carry out the injection of noble gas, Particularly when injection device is equipped with an inert gas generator.
Inert systems the most also includes a controller 10, and controller 10 connects pressure transducer 9, water plug 7 and lazy Property gas injection equipment 11.When impervious barrier 2 and (or) impervious barrier 4 there being one lose barrier properties and be affixed on thermal insulation layer 3, cause One pattern can not reach gratifying safety condition, and controller 10 is particularly capable of automatically triggering the second inerting pattern.
To this end, the gas phase air pressure signal that controller 10 can accept and process in thermal insulation layer 3, signal is by pressure transducer 9 Produce.In the first inertia pattern, the gas phase air pressure P in a thermal insulation layer 3 and threshold pressure Ps is compared by controller 10, threshold The pressure Ps set point more than air pressure P1.When gas phase air pressure P exceedes threshold pressure Ps, and controller 10 is switched to from the first inertia pattern automatically Second inertia pattern.It is used for that is controller 10 produces one for the signal and starting inert gas injection equipment 11 Close the signal of water plug 7.It addition, according to an embodiment, when detecting that gas phase air pressure P exceedes threshold pressure Ps, controller 10 It also is able to produce an alarm signal.
Threshold pressure Ps, and the set point of the air pressure P1 of water plug 7, their size must be fired according to the gas in tank 1 The character of material reasonably sets, to guarantee that, in the case of inert gas injection equipment works, gas phase returns safety in atmospheric pressure Property.Ps pressed by definition threshold that must be concrete, and so when losing barrier properties, the gas phase in thermal insulation layer 3 would not comprise proportional Gaseous fuel and/or oxidizing gas, and make inert gas injection equipment make gas phase return atmospheric pressure time, gaseous fuel and/or Oxidizing gas is in explosive range.
To this end, under atmospheric pressure, need to control threshold pressure Ps less than in gaseous fuel dividing potential drop.At temperature 25 DEG C, control dense Degree LEL of gaseous fuel in described air.
According to example, under atmospheric pressure (101,325 handkerchief), temperature is 25 DEG C, and the LFL volumetric concentration of methane is 5%. Under atmospheric pressure, volumetric concentration be the dividing potential drop pressure of the methane of 5% be 5,066 handkerchief.That is, the methane at LEL is constituted The entirety of gas phase in thermal insulation layer 3, its air pressure is 5,066 handkerchief.Therefore, when in the first inerting pattern, as long as in thermal insulation layer 3 Gas phase air pressure P less than 5,066 handkerchief, the concentration of methane would not be dangerous.When returning to the atmospheric pressure of 101,325 handkerchiefs and reaching quick-fried During fried lower limit, it is necessary to the gaseous fuel in nitrogen is carried out complete, dilute timely.
Advantageously, Ps is pressed to be a safety range relative to above-mentioned air pressure threshold.Especially it shall be noted that in thermal insulation layer 3 Gas phase has a phenomenon of non-uniform mixing, and inject needed for enough noble gases time, in order to gas phase is returned to greatly Under air pressure.
Therefore, under atmospheric pressure, when the concentration of gaseous fuel is LEL, threshold pressure Ps is selected to be in gaseous fuel dividing potential drop 20% to 35% between, preferably the 30% of gaseous fuel dividing potential drop.Therefore, in the holding vessel of methane, threshold pressure Ps selects It is between 1013 handkerchiefs to 1773 handkerchiefs, preferably 1520 handkerchiefs.
According to example, under atmospheric pressure, when the concentration of gaseous fuel is LEL, the LFL of various gaseous fuels Ps is pressed, as shown in list below with the threshold of be in gaseous fuel dividing potential drop 30%:
It is noted that, for some gaseous fuels, threshold pressure Ps can not be defined as lower flammability limit, and is defined as making gas The least concentration of the oxidant of fuel combustion.When the least concentration of the air that can make gas fuel combustion fires less than relative to gas The gaseous fuel concentration of material LEL, it is especially desirable to note.It is to say, in order to ensure safety, need to control threshold pressure Ps. Under atmospheric pressure, controlling threshold and press Ps also below in admixture of gas hollow edema caused by disorder of QI pressure, admixture of gas includes relative to the denseest The finite concentration air of the oxygen of degree, the concentration of oxygen is equivalent to make the Cmin of the oxygen of gas fuel combustion.
It is also important to note that in one embodiment, inerting system also include one dense for detecting gaseous fuel in gas phase The gas analysis apparatus 15 of degree.Gas analysis apparatus 15 is placed in the exit of water plug 7.Gas analysis apparatus 15 includes especially from instrument The gaseous fuel detector selected in device group, instrument group is included catalytic filament detector, is surveyed by absorbing light and/or transmission The infrared detector of amount operation and electrochemical cell detector.Gas analysis apparatus 15 can in the first inertia pattern detected gas The leakage of fuel, it is also possible to compare the gas phase air pressure P in a thermal insulation layer 3 and threshold pressure Ps.But, in order to make gas analysis apparatus Work, from thermal insulation layer 3, the gas phase sample of extraction must use inerting gas dilution before analysis.It addition, the second inerting pattern Middle gas analysis apparatus 15 can also analyze the gas phase of thermal insulation layer 3 at set intervals.In the case, be according to the gas measured Fuel concentration, it is considered to controller 10 controls to inject the flow rate of noble gas in thermal insulation layer 3.
Should be noted that, although above-mentioned inerting method is not limited to one especially for the inerting of two grades of thermal insulation layers 3, the present invention Individual embodiment.Indeed according to other embodiments, inerting method can also be used in one-level thermal insulation layer 5, or only be used in One tank 1 of single thermal insulation layer, the most single thermal insulation layer is antiseepage film and the load-carrying members being used for contacting liquid gas fuel Middle extension.So, generally speaking, inerting method can apply to arbitrary thermal insulation layer between two antiseepage film, thermal insulation layer quilt Antiseepage film separates from atmospheric pressure.
It addition, in one embodiment, above-mentioned inerting method is used in two grades of thermal insulation layers 3 and one-level thermal insulation layer 5 independently In.
Therefore, insulation system includes:
-one pumping system, pumping system can maintain the gas phase in one-level thermal insulation layer 5 in a setting of air pressure P1 ' Point is up and down；
-it being used for injecting the equipment of noble gas, equipment can rinse one-level thermal insulation layer 5 with noble gas；
-one pressure transducer, pressure transducer can transmit a signal for gas phase air pressure in one-level thermal insulation layer 5.
As it has been described above, the gas phase air pressure in thermal insulation layer 5 and a threshold pressure Ps ' are compared by controller 10, pressure Ps ' is big for threshold In the set point of air pressure P1 ', and when the gas phase air pressure in one-level thermal insulation layer 5 exceedes threshold pressure Ps ', automatically from the first inerting mould Formula is switched to the second inerting pattern of one-level thermal insulation layer 5.
It is noted that threshold pressure Ps is variable according to an embodiment.
It practice, when the air pressure in one-level thermal insulation layer 5 presses Ps ' less than threshold, true one-level to protect antiseepage film 6 and two grades of antiseepage film The barrier properties of 4.Therefore, in this case, in two grades of thermal insulation layers 3, the rising of air pressure is because the barrier properties of load-carrying members 2 Lose and cause, and can only be air through the gas of two grades of thermal insulation layers 3.Therefore, lazy when implement one-level thermal insulation layer 5 first During change pattern, first value is only that the Cmin according to oxidant defines, and the Cmin of oxidant makes gaseous fuel Combustibility can be assigned to threshold pressure Ps.But, when controller 10 1 detects that the gas phase air pressure of one-level thermal insulation layer 5 exceedes threshold pressure Ps ', it is necessary to distribute second value and also should be defined according to the lower flammability limit of above-mentioned gas fuel to threshold pressure Ps, Ps value.
Equally, it is also desirable to set threshold pressure Ps ', the second inerting pattern of one-level thermal insulation layer 5 can be triggered higher than threshold pressure Ps '. According to the inerting pattern at two grades of thermal insulation layers 3, threshold pressure Ps ' is variable.
As it is shown on figure 3, Fig. 3 is the sectional view of a methane oil tanker 70, it is shown that be arranged on the double hull 72 of tank Prism shape obtains antiseepage insulated tank 71.A kind of known mode, is positioned at the loading on oil tanker deck or unloading pipe 73 can pass through Suitable connection means connect sea-freight or port and pier, and carrying pipe 73 can be by natural gas conveying or output tank 71.
Fig. 3 is the example of Entry Points for Ocean Shipping/Ocean Cargo, loads and discharge point 75 including one, a submarine pipeline 76 and land set Standby 77.Load and discharge point 75 is a fixing offshore set-up, support transfer arm 74 including a transfer arm 74 and one Tower 78.Transfer arm 74 supports and may be coupled to load and the flexible insulated hose 79 of unloading pipe 73.Steerable transfer arm 74 is with each The methane oil tanker planting specification is compatible.One connecting tube (displaying) extends in tower 78.Load and discharge point 75 is at methane oil tanker Load between 70 and land-based installation 77 and unload.Land-based installation 77 includes liquefied gas holding vessel 80 and connecting tube 81, connecting tube 81 Connected by submarine pipeline 76 with discharge point 75 with loading.Submarine pipeline 76 can load and discharge point 75 and land-based installation 77 it Between transport liquefied gases over long distances, distance can be 5 kms, and this makes loading and in uninstall process, methane oil tanker 70 can be from Seashore has certain distance.
In order to produce the air pressure needed for transportation of liquefied gas, need the boat-carrying pump using on oil tanker 70 and/or be contained in land setting The pump of standby 77 and/or be contained in loads and the pump of discharge point 75.
Although the present invention is described the most in many embodiment, it is apparent that be not only limited to this.Also include being similar to Device in the range of the technology of the present invention and technology and relevant combination.
It is not excluded for using " including " or " comprising " and the element of its conjugate form and step, except mentioning in the claims 's.It is not excluded for using element and the step of indefinite article "a" or "an", unless mentioned multiple element and multiple step.
In the claims, any one reference marker in bracket should not be construed as the limit of a claim System.

Claims (18)

1. a method for the heat insulation tank skin of inerting antiseepage (1), is used for preserving liquid gas fuel, it is characterised in that tank skin has one Individual multiple structure, including two impervious barriers (2,4), a thermal insulation layer (3) between two impervious barriers (2,4), described heat insulation Layer (3) includes solid insulation material and a gas phase, and described method is that procedure below is prepared:
-implement one first inerting pattern, one of them controller starts a pump installation, is used for making the gas of described thermal insulation layer (3) Maintaining under the set point of negative relative barometric pressure P1 mutually, negative relative barometric pressure is less than a threshold pressure Ps；Described threshold pressure Ps is less than One flammability limits air pressure Pi of gaseous fuel；
-in the first inerting pattern, detect whether the gas phase air pressure in described thermal insulation layer (3) exceedes described threshold pressure Ps；
-when the gas phase air pressure detected in described thermal insulation layer (3) exceedes described threshold pressure Ps, switch the first inerting pattern to second Inerting pattern, the second inerting pattern uses a kind of noble gas to rinse described thermal insulation layer (3).
The method of a heat insulation tank skin of inerting antiseepage the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described threshold pressure Ps is less than institute State the dividing potential drop of gaseous fuel, under atmospheric pressure during temperature 25 DEG C, containing certain density described gaseous fuel in admixture of gas, The concentration of gaseous fuel be equivalent to described in the LEL of gaseous fuel in atmosphere.
The method of a heat insulation tank skin of inerting antiseepage the most as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that threshold pressure Ps is at described gas Between 20% to the 35% of the dividing potential drop of fuel, under atmospheric pressure during temperature 25 DEG C, in admixture of gas containing certain density can Combustion gas body, the concentration of fuel gas is equivalent to the LEL of the described fuel gas in air.
The method of a heat insulation tank skin of inerting antiseepage the most as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that threshold pressure Ps is described gas The 30% of the dividing potential drop of fuel, under atmospheric pressure during temperature 25 DEG C, containing certain density fuel gas in admixture of gas, flammable The concentration of gas is equivalent to the LEL of the described fuel gas in air.
5. the method for a heat insulation tank skin of inerting antiseepage as described in claim 1 to 4 any, it is characterised in that institute State the threshold pressure Ps dividing potential drop less than air, under atmospheric pressure, containing certain density air in admixture of gas, the concentration phase of air When in the minimum oxygen concentration that can make gas fuel combustion.
6. the method for a heat insulation tank skin of inerting antiseepage as described in claim 1 to 5 any, it is characterised in that In second inerting pattern, under atmospheric pressure, described thermal insulation layer (3) is rinsed by a kind of noble gas.
7. the method for a heat insulation tank skin of inerting antiseepage as described in claim 1 to 6 any, it is characterised in that institute Stating gaseous fuel to select from gas group, gas group comprises alkane, ethane, butane, propane, ethylene and their mixture.
8. the method for a heat insulation tank skin of inerting antiseepage as described in claim 1 to 7 any, it is characterised in that institute Stating noble gas to select from gas group, gas group comprises dinitrogen, helium, argon and their mixture.
9. the method for a heat insulation tank skin of inerting antiseepage as described in claim 1 to 8 any, it is characterised in that its In an antiseepage film include a load-carrying members (2), other antiseepage film include one two grades metal films (4), and thermal insulation layer is One two grades thermal insulation layers (3), multiple structure includes an one-level metal film (6) extraly, is stored in described tank (1) for contact In gaseous fuel, an and one-level thermal insulation layer (5), be in described one-level metal film (6) and described two grades of metal films (4) it Between, described one-level thermal insulation layer (5) includes solid insulation material and a gas phase, and method is also prepared for procedure below in addition :-real Executing one first inertia pattern of described one-level thermal insulation layer (5), one of them controls device one pump installation of startup and makes described one The gas phase of level thermal insulation layer (5) is under a set point of negative relative barometric pressure P1', and negative relative barometric pressure P1' is less than a threshold pressure Ps', described threshold pressure Ps' is less than the flammability limits air pressure Pi of fuel gas；
-in the first inertia pattern of one-level thermal insulation layer (5), detect whether the gas phase air pressure described one-level thermal insulation layer (5) surpasses Cross described threshold pressure Ps'；
-when gas phase air pressure one-level thermal insulation layer (5) being detected exceed threshold pressure Ps', switch the first inertia pattern to described one-level every Second inertia pattern of thermosphere (5), the second inerting pattern will use noble gas to rinse described one-level thermal insulation layer (5)；
The method of a heat insulation tank skin of inerting antiseepage the most as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that described threshold pressure Ps is can Become, and when the first inertia pattern of described one-level thermal insulation layer (5) is carried out, one first value is assigned to threshold pressure Ps, works as inspection The gas phase air pressure measuring described one-level thermal insulation layer (5) exceedes threshold pressure Ps', and one second value is assigned to threshold pressure Ps.
11. 1 systems being used for preserving the heat insulation tank skin of the inerting antiseepage (1) of liquid gas fuel, it is characterised in that tank skin has One multiple structure, multiple structure includes two impervious barriers (2,4) and that one is placed between two impervious barriers (2,4) is heat insulation Layer (3), described thermal insulation layer (3) includes solid insulation material and a gas phase, and this Inert systems includes:
-one mounted being used for of pump installation (7) makes the gas phase of described thermal insulation layer (3) under negative relative barometric pressure P1, bears Relative barometric pressure P1 is less than a threshold pressure Ps, and described threshold pressure Ps is less than the flammability limits pressure Pi of a fuel gas；
-one pressure transducer (9), using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide the signal of the gas phase air pressure in described thermal insulation layer (3)；
-inert gas injection equipment (11), on the one hand, be connected to a noble gas and store container (12) and/or be connected to One inert gas generator；On the other hand, inert gas injection equipment is connected to a transfer tube (14), is used for inertia Gas is transported in described thermal insulation layer (3)；And
-one controller (10) can be used for:
-detect whether the gas phase of described thermal insulation layer (3) exceedes described threshold pressure Ps；And can
-when the gas phase air pressure described thermal insulation layer (3) being detected exceedes described threshold pressure Ps, produce a signal to open indifferent gas Body injection device (11).
12. systems being used for preserving the heat insulation tank skin of inerting antiseepage of liquid gas fuel as claimed in claim 11, its Being characterised by, described inert gas injection equipment (11) is connected with a dinitrogen generator.
13. as described in claim 11 or 12 one the heat insulation tank skin of inerting antiseepage being used for preserving liquid gas fuel be System, it is characterised in that include a gas analysis apparatus (15), described gas analysis apparatus is used for detecting gaseous fuel in gas phase Concentration.
14. 1 antiseepage insulated tank (1), are used for preserving a kind of gaseous fuel, and described antiseepage insulated tank includes that has a multilamellar The tank skin of structure, multiple structure includes two impervious barriers (2,4) and a thermal insulation layer being placed between two impervious barriers (2,4) (3), described thermal insulation layer (3) includes solid insulation material and a gas phase, and such as an institute any in claim 11 to 13 One stated is for preserving the system of the heat insulation tank skin of inerting antiseepage of liquid gas fuel.
15. antiseepage insulated tank (1) as claimed in claim 14, it is characterised in that one of them impervious barrier includes a load-bearing Structure (2), another impervious barrier includes one two grades metal levels (4), and multiple structure includes an one-level metal level extraly (6), described one-level metal level is used for contacting the gaseous fuel being stored in tank (1), and a thermal insulation layer (5), is placed in described the Between one metal film (6) and described second metal film (4).
16. 1 oil tankers, including storage as described in claims 14 or 15 liquefied gas.
A kind of 17. methods loaded and unload oil tanker (70) as claimed in claim 16, it is characterised in that liquid passes through Dielectric transmission pipe (73,79,76,81) one float or between land storage facilities (77) and the tank (71) of described oil tanker Carry out transmission back.
18. 1 liquid transport systems, comprise an oil tanker (70) as claimed in claim 16, dielectric transmission pipe (73,79, 76,81), it is installed such, in order to the tank (71) that connection is arranged on oil tanker shell floats to one or land storage sets Standby (77), and a pump so that liquid is transferred to the tank of oil tanker by dielectric transmission pipe from that float or land storage facilities, Or it is transferred to that float or land storage facilities from the tank of oil tanker.
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FR1451416 2014-02-21
FR1451416A FR3017924B1 (en) 2014-02-21 2014-02-21 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR INERTING A WALL OF A STORAGE TANK OF A LIQUEFIED FUEL GAS
PCT/EP2015/053234 WO2015124536A2 (en) 2014-02-21 2015-02-16 Method and system for inerting a wall of a liquefied fuel gas-storage tank

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CN114981160A (en) * 2020-02-28 2022-08-30 三菱造船株式会社 Fuel tank and ship
CN114981160B (en) * 2020-02-28 2024-05-03 三菱造船株式会社 Fuel tank and ship
CN116378616A (en) * 2023-06-05 2023-07-04 北京永瑞达科技有限公司 Device suitable for three-dimensional in-situ combustion test, manufacturing method and application of device
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RU2016131896A3 (en) 2018-06-09
PH12016501564A1 (en) 2016-09-14
AU2015220997B2 (en) 2017-11-30
CN106068418B (en) 2018-08-03
KR20160123323A (en) 2016-10-25
JP6537518B2 (en) 2019-07-03
KR102302435B1 (en) 2021-09-15
WO2015124536A2 (en) 2015-08-27
RU2673837C2 (en) 2018-11-30
AU2015220997A1 (en) 2016-09-08
SG11201606636VA (en) 2016-09-29
WO2015124536A3 (en) 2015-11-05
FR3017924B1 (en) 2016-08-26
JP2017511866A (en) 2017-04-27
MY184853A (en) 2021-04-27

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