CN106063700A - Quickly catching and formation method of less than the 10 microns capillary vessel in optical fundus - Google Patents
Quickly catching and formation method of less than the 10 microns capillary vessel in optical fundus Download PDFInfo
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- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
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- A61B3/14—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B3/14—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
- A61B3/15—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography with means for aligning, spacing or blocking spurious reflection ; with means for relaxing
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Abstract
The present invention relates to quickly seizure and the formation method of less than the 10 microns capillary vessel in optical fundus in glances aberration adaptively correcting optical image technology.Inner nuclear layer in retina is rich in less than 10 microns capillary vessel, but the position of inner nuclear layer varies with each individual.Add up capillary vessel inner nuclear layer public territory and the distance on relative visual cellular layer surface, common centre of area face of a large amount of human eye；Human eye is equivalent to lens, utilizes existing opthalmic optics's model emulation to draw the relational expression between human eye effective focal length and human eye axial length；Actual measurement human eye axial length, the relational expression substituted between human eye effective focal length and human eye axial length calculate human eye effective focal length；Optical parametric finally according to adaptive optical imaging light path, calculate the image planes position in inner nuclear layer common centre of area face, as shown in the figure, image camera is set herein, make tested patient eyes in one-time detection only by being shorter than the radiation of visible light of 18ms, the inner nuclear layer capillary vessel blur-free imaging that diameter 10 μm is upper and lower can be completed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to micro-imaging technique field, optical fundus, relate in glances aberration adaptively correcting optical image technology micro-
Quickly catching and the method for adaptive aberration correcting high-resolution imaging of thin vascular lamina, specifically a kind of without contrast agent
The method of adaptive optical imaging of less than 10 microns capillary vessel of diameter.
Background technology
Human eye is complicated to have autofocusing function and at any time may the optical system of conscious act.When human eye from
Bright light environments enters darkroom pupil can be expanded to 4mm～6mm by 1mm, even now without ametropic eye within a few minutes
Eyeball is also inevitably present optical aberration, uses mydriatic to make human eye produce optical aberration, therefore used by clinic too
Ophthalmoscope is difficult to see clearly the blood vessel of less than 20 microns.
From eighties of last century the nineties, people start to inquire into adaptive optical calibration arts answering in fundus imaging
With.Liquid crystal wavefront corrector has 10 ten thousand to million and drives pixel, and correction accuracy is high, reproducible, can carry out single spy
The open loop correction surveyed, reduces the luminous energy usage amount of incident human eye to greatest extent, and safe coefficient improves, is more conducive to apply on optical fundus
On adaptive optical imaging system.About the application in fundus imaging of the LCD self-adapting optical technology, public at Chinese patent
Disclosure on report, such as " optical system of diopter self-regulation liquid crystal adaptive aberration correcting retina imaging " (publication number
CN101766472A, patent No. ZL 200910266651.4), " liquid crystal adaptive aberration correcting retina that energy efficient utilizes
Imaging device " (publication number CN101797149A, patent No. ZL200910215480.2), " universal liquid crystal adaptive aberration school
Positive retina imaging system " (publication number CN101791212A, patent No. ZL200910266664.1) so that this technology has peace
Entirely, pervasive advantage.But patent application disclosed in these three, could not solve the self adaptive imaging depth of field and only have tens micron,
Less than 10 microns capillary vessel of diameter in inner plexiform layer of retina hardly enter the problem of imaging viewing field, and by sighting target in system
Induction and the response of human eye self-regulating function, visual field is always located in the vertical on optic cell layer, can't see and be positioned at view
Less than 10 microns capillary vessel of the diameter of film inner nuclear layer, this is the common problem of optical fundus adaptively correcting optical image technology, therefore
The most practical.
Retina is the translucent organizational structure of multilamellar, wherein the inner nuclear layer of tens of micrometers thick contain abundant diameter 10 μm with
Under capillary vessel, additionally there is territory, avascular area in macula lutea center, so capillary vessel is in distance 2 °～3 ° of macula lutea center scope
It is inside the most intensive abundant.Retina located lateral can be determined by the guiding of sighting target, and retina capillary vessel is vertical
To location difficulty.The major obstacle of the retina capillary vessel imaging of different human eyes is had by ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS: one is human eye
Capillary vessel imaging needs to use green-yellow light illumination could obtain enough image contrasts, but green-yellow light is visible ray, to people
Eye irritation is strong, if not using anesthetis to be easily generated pupil contraction, so the visible illumination time not can exceed that ten several milliseconds,
And be difficult to capture inner nuclear layer blood vessel in this time range；Two is that the human eye depth of field only has 30～40 μm, with inner nuclear layer thickness
Quite, and the relative position of different its inner nuclear layers of human eye have ± 10 μm move forward and backward, the therefore position of human eye capillary vessel layer
It is difficult to catch；Three is that the optical focal length of human eye has individual difference, and thinks that human eye effective focal length is constant 18mm before this, is therefore
Make have found the geometric position of capillary vessel layer, if the optical focal length of tested human eye can not accurately be known, also cannot be adaptive
Answer and optical system is accurately arranged to, as camera position, the most just to obtain capillary vessel image clearly.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problem that human eyes structure parameter is different, inner nuclear layer capillary vessel is quickly caught by proposition, self adaptation
The method of optical imagery, it is therefore an objective to can quickly capture the capillary vessel of diameter less than 10 microns during self adaptive imaging.
The basic thought of the present invention is: propose using optic cell layer surface as reference position；Add up the micro-of a large amount of human eye
Public territory that thin Ink vessel transfusing stratum nucleare overlaps mutually mutually and the distance of common centre of area face relative fiducial positions；Utilize existing human eye
Optical model [C.Leahy, C.Dainty.A non-stationary model for simulating the dynamics
of ocular aberrations,[J].Opt.Express,2010,18(20):21386-21396.】、【L.N.Thibos,
A.Bradley,X.Hong.A statistical model of the aberration structure of normal,
Well corrected eyes, [J] .Ophthal.Physiol.Opt., 2002,22 (5): 427-433] emulation draw human eye
Relational expression between effective focal length and human eye axial length；Actual measurement human eye axial length, is scaled the effective focal length of individual character human eye；Finally according to
Adaptive optical imaging light channel structure and the optical parametric of each device, calculate the image planes position in inner nuclear layer common centre of area face
Put；Before the adaptive optical imaging program of capillary vessel starts, image camera is placed in the inner nuclear layer public area calculated
On the image planes position of territory median plane, the capillary vessel of diameter about 10 microns is made to complete under the visible light exposure being shorter than 20ms certainly
Adaptive optics imaging.
For the method describing the present invention in detail, enter with the optical fundus capillary vessel adaptive optical imaging schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1
Row explanation.
Fig. 1 chain lines is optical axis, and 100 is ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS；The left side of ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS 100 is tested person
Eye 1, wherein 11 be the optic cell layer surface of the retina bottom, 12 in retina containing the kernel enriching capillary vessel
Layer median plane, the distance of optic cell layer surface 11 and inner nuclear layer median plane 12 is d；The right side of ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS 100 has
Imaging len 5 and the focus initial point as image camera 10 that image camera 10,111 is imaging len 5, also it is optic cell layer
The image planes on surface, 122 is the image planes of inner nuclear layer median plane；This optical fundus capillary vessel adaptive optical imaging system also configures that tool
There are fundus illumination light source and the sighting target of same yellow green single wavelength, also configure that one equipped with retina adaptive optical imaging control
The computer of processing procedure sequence；
After making the initial point labelling of image camera 10 at the focus 111 of imaging len 5, by image camera 10 along optical axis direction
Direction away from imaging len 5 moves at rich in the image planes 122 of the inner nuclear layer median plane of capillary vessel, and displacement is L；This
The control program of Shi Kaiqi retina adaptive optical imaging, through aberration detection and correction, can present in image camera 10
Inner nuclear layer capillary vessel image clearly.
For the acquiring method of displacement L of explanation image camera 10, Fig. 1 need to be expanded into detailed construction schematic diagram, as
Shown in Fig. 2, its chain lines is optical axis, and 1 is human eye, and 2 is the first lens, and 3 is the second lens, and 4 is the 3rd lens, and 5 is imaging
Lens, 6 is liquid crystal wavefront corrector, and 7 is folding axle reflecting mirror, and 8 is wave front detector, and 9 is polarization splitting prism, and 10 is former for being positioned at
The image camera of point；
When the light beam of single wavelength is incided the retina of human eye 1 by fundus illumination light source, due to the autofocusing of human eye
Biological function makes pleasing to the eye light beam focus on optic cell layer, and the optical imagery light path of formation image conjugate has part simultaneously
Light is reflected by the optic cell layer surface that reflectance is the highest, reflects in the quasi-parallel light beam of human eye 1 with human eye aberration,
Light beam becomes the collimated light beam mated with liquid crystal wavefront corrector 6 bore, through liquid crystal through the first lens 2 and the second lens 3
The reflection of wave-front corrector 6, become and wave front detector 8 bore through the second lens 3, folding axle reflecting mirror 7 and the 3rd lens 4 again
The collimated light beam joined, then it is divided into S-polarization light beam and the P polarization light beam of transmission of reflection through a polarization splitting prism 9, wherein
S-polarization light beam enters wave front detector 8, wave front detector 8 aberration information of human eye 1 detected, then control liquid crystal ripple
Front corrector 6 carries out wavefront correction to P polarization light beam, eliminates the P polarization light beam after aberration through polarization splitting prism 9, again warp
Cross imaging len 5 and focus on image camera 10, image camera 10 presents aberrationless high-resolution optic cell image；
Away from the direction of imaging len 5, image camera 10 is moved L distance along optical axis direction from initial point, and L meets following relation
Image camera 10 can present during formula inner nuclear layer capillary vessel image clearly:
L=(f1f4/f3)2d/Feye 2 (1)
Wherein f1、f3And f4Being respectively the first lens the 2, the 3rd lens 4 and focal length of imaging len 5, Feye is having of human eye
Effect focal length.Find out from (1) formula, first find optic cell layer to distance d of capillary vessel layer, then find and obtain different human eye
Effective focal length, finally just can calculate distance L that image camera 10 moves.
The thickness that inner nuclear layer is about 30 microns.In order to find the overlapping public territory of most people inner nuclear layer, according to being
Row document [example: A.L.Loduca, C.Zhang, R.Zelkha, et al.Thickness mapping of retinal
layers by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography[J].Am.J.Ophthalmol.,
2010,150 (6): 849-855] OCT reported measures the mass data of human eye retina's each layer tissue thickness, counts kernel
Layer common centre of area identity distance from optic cell layer surface 138 μm, public territory thickness 16 μm, can be write as d=138 μm ±
8μm。
Do not have means to measure for human eye effective focal length Feye, and the axial length of human eye can be at clinical measurement.The present invention utilizes
Foregoing existing opthalmic optics's model tries to achieve the relation such as (2) formula of human eye axial length l and effective focal length Feye, the unit of the two
It is millimeter.
Feye=0.7136l+0.1483 (2)
So, as long as clinic measures axial length l of human eye, human eye effective focal length Feye can be calculated by (2) formula, then by Feye
Numerical value substitute into (1) formula, make the d=138 μm in (1) formula, image camera 10 can be obtained from initial point to rich in capillary vessel
Displacement L in inner nuclear layer common centre of area image surface face.
Before the adaptive optical imaging program of capillary vessel starts, the L-value calculated according to measured's axis oculi length, will become
As camera 10 moves L distance, is inner nuclear layer common centre of area face along optical axis direction away from the direction of imaging len 5 from initial point
On image planes position；Then introducing sighting target light beam, sighting target is placed on the position of distance human eye 1m light path, and it is 2mm～3mm diameter
Collimated light beam, make the optical axis of the sighting target light beam optical axis coincidence with the first lens 2 before human eye import human eye, by regulation sighting target
Position change eyeball corner, so that the light beam of pleasing to the eye fundus illumination light source can focus to position, 2 °～3 ° of distance little Ao center
Put place, the inner nuclear layer position with capillary vessel can be arrived；Human eye is stared at depending on sighting target the simple pattern that can see sighting target；Vertical
I.e. open retina adaptive optical imaging and control program, the capillary vessel of diameter about 10 microns just can be made to be shorter than 20ms's
Adaptive optical imaging is completed under visible light exposure.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The optical fundus capillary vessel adaptive optical imaging schematic diagram of Fig. 1 present invention, its chain lines is optical axis, and 100 is certainly
Adaptive optics system；The left side of ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS 100 is tested human eye 1, and wherein 11 is that the vision of the retina bottom is thin
Born of the same parents' layer surface, 12 it is the inner nuclear layer median plane containing abundant capillary vessel in retina, optic cell layer surface 11 and kernel
The distance of layer median plane 12 is d；The right side of ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS 100 has imaging len 5 and image camera 10,111 to be imaging
The focus of lens 5 as image camera 10 initial point, be also the image planes on optic cell layer surface, 122 is inner nuclear layer median plane
Image planes, image camera 10 moves to the movement at rich in the image planes 122 of the inner nuclear layer median plane of capillary vessel from initial point along optical axis
Distance is L.
The detailed construction expanded view of the optical fundus capillary vessel adaptive optical imaging schematic diagram of Fig. 2 present invention, wherein 1 is people
Eye, 2 is the first lens, and 3 is the second lens, and 4 is the 3rd lens, and 5 is imaging len, and 6 is liquid crystal wavefront corrector, and 7 is folding axle
Reflecting mirror, 8 is wave front detector, and 9 is polarization splitting prism, and 10 is the image camera being positioned in imaging len 5 focus.Work as optical fundus
When the light beam of single wavelength is incided human eye 1 by lighting source, reflect in the quasi-parallel light beam of human eye 1 with human eye aberration,
Light beam becomes the collimated light beam mated with liquid crystal wavefront corrector 6 bore, through liquid crystal through the first lens 2 and the second lens 3
The reflection of wave-front corrector 6, become and wave front detector 8 bore through the second lens 3, folding axle reflecting mirror 7 and the 3rd lens 4 again
The collimated light beam joined, then it is divided into S-polarization light beam and the P polarization light beam of transmission of reflection through a polarization splitting prism 9, wherein
S-polarization light beam enters wave front detector 8, wave front detector 8 aberration information of human eye 1 detected, then control liquid crystal ripple
Front corrector 6 carries out wavefront correction to P polarization light beam, eliminates the P polarization light beam after aberration through polarization splitting prism 9, again warp
Cross imaging len 5 and focus on image camera 10, image camera 10 presents aberrationless high-resolution optic cell image.
Fig. 3 is the inner nuclear layer capillary vessel image of experimenter's CCL left eye.Wherein (a) is to have according to the human eye of traditional understanding
Effect focal length 18mm calculate displacement L of image camera 10 be 53.13mm, the inner nuclear layer capillary vessel imaging that obtained, 13
Being the capillary vessel imaging effect of diameter 8 μm under the conditions of " (a) ", (b) is that the left eye calculated according to experimenter CCL actual measurement is the most burnt
Away from the inner nuclear layer capillary vessel imaging that to calculate displacement L of image camera 10 be 45.34mm, is obtained, 14 is " (b) " bar
The capillary vessel imaging effect of diameter 8 μm under part；Find out 14 to 13 the sharpest keen much.In figure, 15 is ratio length 50 μm, its
Middle lattice is 10 μm.
Fig. 4 is the inner nuclear layer capillary vessel image of experimenter's LCR right eye.Wherein (a) is to have according to the human eye of traditional understanding
Effect focal length 18mm calculate displacement L of image camera 10 be 53.13mm, the inner nuclear layer capillary vessel imaging that obtained, 16
Being the capillary vessel imaging effect of diameter 9 μm under the conditions of " (a) ", (b) is that the right eye calculated according to experimenter LCR actual measurement is the most burnt
Away from the inner nuclear layer capillary vessel imaging that to calculate displacement L of image camera 10 be 59.86mm, is obtained, 17 is " (b) " bar
The capillary vessel imaging effect of diameter 9 μm under part；Find out 17 to 16 the sharpest keen much.In figure, 18 is ratio length 50 μm, its
Middle lattice is 10 μm.
Fig. 5 is to move image camera 10 according to the L measuring and calculating value of 6 experimenters respectively, the clear inner nuclear layer blood obtained successively
Pipe image.Wherein (a) figure is the result of experimenter GQL, and 19 is 5 μ m diameter blood vessels；B () figure is the result of experimenter GQR, 20 are
6 μ m diameter blood vessels；C () figure is the result of experimenter CCL, 21 is 8 μ m diameter blood vessels；D () figure is the result of experimenter SFR, 22
It is 7 μ m diameter blood vessels；E () figure is the result of experimenter LYR, 23 is 6 μ m diameter blood vessels；F () figure is the result of experimenter LCR,
24 is 9 μ m diameter blood vessels.In figure, 25 is ratio length 50 μm, and wherein lattice is 10 μm.
Detailed description of the invention
1. use optical fundus based on liquid crystal wavefront corrector adaptive optical imaging system as shown in Figure 1, configure optical fundus
Lighting source, sighting target and a computer, the characterisitic parameter of each device is as follows:
(1) fundus illumination light source: for simplifying confirmatory experiment, selects wavelength 808nm monochromater as the fine blood of inner nuclear layer
The imaging illumination light source of pipe, because capillary vessel can also imaging, simply yellowish green relative to visible light wave range under 808nm wavelength
For light source, image contrast is low, is possible as technical identification, therefore substitutes green-yellow light by wavelength 808nm monochromater
Source；Being all visible ray due to sighting target, in the present embodiment, the wavelength of sighting target is 500nm, imaging source, the wavelength of aberration probe source
With the wavelength difference of sighting target away from bigger, it is necessary to consider the aberration of human eye, and sighting target has the human eye autofocusing firsting impressions are strongest, and makes
The green beam of 500nm just focuses on optic cell layer, and the collimated light beam of wavelength 808nm or 785nm is pleasing to the eye with this understanding
After will become divergent beams, therefore design wavelength 808nm and 785nm lighting source outgoing converging beam, be placed in distance human eye 150mm
The position of light path, outlet diameter is respectively 8.7mm, 1.2mm, arrive the beam diameter at human eye pupil be respectively 6mm and
0.8mm, luminous power are respectively 150 μ w and 50 μ w, and the illumination regional diameter on optical fundus is 350 μm and 50 μm；Probe source with become
As the pleasing to the eye energy of light source is much smaller than international safety standard [American National Standard for the Safe
Use of Lasers,ANSI Z136.1-2007,Laser Institute of America,Orlando,Fla.,
Chapt.8, P62-66.] in maximum permitted exposure energy 1/50.
(2) sighting target: utilize green LED lamp that wavelength is 500nm and lens combination to form the directional light of a diameter of 3mm diameter
Bundle, as sighting target, is placed on the position of distance human eye 1m light path, sighting target light beam before human eye with the optical axis weight of the first lens 2
Close and import optical fundus, change eyeball corner by the position of regulation sighting target LED, make pleasing to the eye probe source light beam and imaging
Source beam can focus to position, 3 ° of distance little Ao center, guides detection light beam and imaging beam can arrive and have capillary vessel
Inner nuclear layer position；The brightness of sighting target light is that human eye comfortable can stare at the brightness regarded.
(3) first lens the 2, second lens the 3, the 3rd lens 4, the focal length of imaging len 5 are respectively f1=200mm, f2=
200mm、f3=85mm, f4=150mm, is 560nm～810nm wave band achromat；
The pixel count 256 × 256 of liquid crystal wavefront corrector 6, response time 3ms；
Folding axle reflecting mirror 7 is general closed planar reflecting mirror；
Wave front detector 8 is Hartman wavefront detector, and wherein microlens array is 20 × 20, and back camera is the U.S.
The EMCCD of Andor company, model ixon, use frame frequency 333Hz；
Polarization splitting prism 9 is the product of Daheng's New Century Company, model GCC-402112；
Image camera 10 is the product of Andor company of the U.S., sCMOS serial model No. Zyla, uses frame frequency 56Hz, is placed on
To move in the image planes of image camera 10 to inner nuclear layer capillary vessel on one-dimensional automatically controlled displacement platform；
One-dimensional automatically controlled displacement platform is the product of PI Corp., range 200mm, precision 2 μm；
(4) equipped with control program and the control journey of one-dimensional automatically controlled displacement platform of retina adaptive optical imaging in computer
Sequence, it is connected with liquid crystal wavefront corrector 6, Hartman wavefront detector 8, image camera 10 and one-dimensional automatically controlled displacement platform,
The displacement of one-dimensional automatically controlled displacement platform, Hartmann's wavefront is in succession controlled during the adaptive optical imaging of inner nuclear layer capillary vessel
The time of exposure of detector 8 and time of exposure, the process of detectable signal, the aberration correction of liquid crystal wavefront corrector 6, image camera
The time of exposure of 10 and time of exposure.
2. utilize the B-SCAN-CINESCAN axis measurement instrument of Qantel Medical company of France to 12 age models
Enclosing is that 17 human eye axis oculi of 26 years old～42 years old experimenter measure, and the myopic degree of experimenter is from-8D～0D, axiallength
Scope 24mm～28mm.
3. it is to compare the present invention to be constantly equal to traditional human eye effective focal length with human eye axial length calculating human eye effective focal length
The two kinds of methods of the 18mm imaging effect to inner nuclear layer capillary vessel, is done as follows:
(1) measuring the left eye of experimenter CCL and the right eye axial length of LCR, respectively 27.08mm, 23.54mm, by this axis oculi
Long measurement data substitution (2) formula calculates the effective focal length of the two eye and is respectively 19.47mm, 16.94mm；By effective focal length
Value 19.47mm, 16.94mm substitute into (1) formula respectively, and make d=138 μm, f1=200mm, f3=85mm, f4=150mm, calculates
Displacement L going out image camera 10 is respectively 45.34mm, 59.86mm；Again by human eye effective focal length value 18mm of traditional understanding
(1) formula of substitution, displacement L calculating image camera 10 is 53.13mm；
(2) make experimenter CCL wear the 700 degree of glasses for the myopia of oneself, pupil of left eye is directed at the light path shown in Fig. 1, become
As camera 10 is positioned at the focal point of imaging len 5；Introduce sighting target light beam, stare at depending on sighting target simple pattern that sighting target can be seen,
Make optic cell image planes just in the position of image camera 10；According to L measuring and calculating value 45.34mm of experimenter CCL, along optical axis direction
After moving 45.34mm distance away from the direction image camera 10 of imaging len 5, start retina adaptive optical imaging immediately
Control program: making wave front detector 8 measure aberration with wavelength 785nm monochromater exposure 3ms, computer disposal detection information prolongs
Time 5ms, liquid crystal wavefront corrector 6 provides corresponding aberration compensation time delay 10ms immediately, opens wavelength 808nm imaging illumination light source
Exposure 18ms, omnidistance time-consuming 36ms altogether, present the 8 μ m diameter blood-vessel images of experimenter CCL, such as Fig. 3 (b) in image camera 10
Shown in；Then according to the L-value that human eye effective focal length value 18mm of traditional understanding calculates is 53.13mm, calculate than with axis oculi is long
The long 7.8mm of L-value, after moving 53.13mm distance along optical axis direction away from the direction image camera 10 of imaging len 5, again make quilt
Survey person CCL stares at regarding sighting target, repeats above-mentioned imaging process, obtains the same 8 μ m diameter blood-vessel images of experimenter CCL, such as Fig. 3 (a)
Shown in；Contrast the imaging effect of two figure capillary vessel, it will be seen that the capillary vessel image of the present invention is apparent；
(3) make experimenter LCR wear the 200 degree of glasses for the myopia of oneself, pupil of right eye is directed at the light path shown in Fig. 1, presses
According to L measuring and calculating value 59.86mm of experimenter LCR, move 59.86mm along optical axis direction away from the direction image camera 10 of imaging len 5
After Ju Li, make measured LCR stare at regarding sighting target, and the simple pattern of sighting target can be seen, start retina adaptive optics immediately
The program of imaging system, completes the adaptive optical imaging process as described in " (2) " step, presents and be subject in image camera 10
The 9 μ m diameter blood-vessel images of examination person LCR, as shown in Fig. 4 (b)；Then according to the human eye effective focal length value 18mm meter of traditional understanding
The L-value 53.13mm calculated, after moving 53.13mm distance along optical axis direction away from the direction image camera 10 of imaging len 5, again
Make measured LCR stare at regarding sighting target, repeat above-mentioned imaging process, obtain the same 9 μ m diameter blood-vessel images of experimenter CCL, such as Fig. 4
Shown in (a)；Contrast the imaging effect of two figure capillary vessel, find out that the capillary vessel image of the present invention is apparent too.
4. for being further characterized by the inventive method, then provide the result of other 6 testees:
Move image camera 10 according to the L measuring and calculating value of each experimenter respectively, be sequentially completed in " 3 " institute in " (2) " step
The adaptive optical imaging process stated, it is thus achieved that the inner nuclear layer blood-vessel image of above-mentioned 6 experimenters, as it is shown in figure 5, wherein (a) figure
In be the 5 μ m diameter blood vessels of experimenter GQL, (b) figure to be the 6 μ m diameter blood vessels of experimenter GQR, (c) figure be experimenter CCL
8 μ m diameter blood vessels, (d) figure is the 7 μ m diameter blood vessels of experimenter SFR, (e) figure are the 6 μ m diameter blood of experimenter LYR
Pipe, (f) figure are the 9 μ m diameter blood vessels of experimenter LCR.
The accuracy rate that above-described embodiment result explanation present invention catches inner nuclear layer blood vessel is the highest.If by 808nm wavelength
Imaging source replaces with the green-yellow light of 570nm wavelength, and image contrast can improve 5 times, makes the human eye 10 following capillary vessel of μm
Imaging inspection means can be practical.
Claims (4)
1. quickly seizure and a formation method for less than the 10 microns capillary vessel in optical fundus, is characterized in that:
Optical fundus capillary vessel adaptive optical imaging system is by the first lens (2), the second lens (3), the 3rd lens (4), imaging
Lens (5), liquid crystal wavefront corrector (6), folding axle reflecting mirror (7), Hartman wavefront detector (8), polarization splitting prism (9),
Image camera (10) forms, and image camera (10) is initially located at the focal point of imaging len (5)；
This optical fundus capillary vessel adaptive optical imaging system also configures that the fundus illumination with same yellow green single wavelength
Light source and sighting target, also configure that a computer controlling program equipped with retina adaptive optical imaging；
Using optic cell layer surface as reference position, the image planes on optic cell layer surface are positioned at the focal point of imaging len (5)；
Using the capillary vessel of inner nuclear layer as the object to be imaged, add up the most overlapping public affairs of the capillary vessel inner nuclear layer of a large amount of human eye
Region and distance d of common centre of area face relative fiducial positions, d=138 μm altogether；
Human eye is equivalent to lens, utilizes existing opthalmic optics's model emulation to draw human eye effective focal length Feye and human eye axial length l
Between relational expression:
Feye=0.7136l+0.1483 (i)
Wherein the unit of Feye and l is millimeter；
Actual measurement human eye axial length l, (i) formula of substitution calculates human eye effective focal length Feye varied with each individual；
Finally the focal length of each lens in human eye parameter Feye, d and optical fundus capillary vessel adaptive optical imaging system is substituted into
(ii) formula, calculates image planes distance L to imaging len (5) focal point in inner nuclear layer common centre of area face:
L=(f1f4/f3)2d/Feye 2 (ii)
Wherein f1、f3And f4It is respectively the first lens (2), the 3rd lens (4) and the focal length of imaging len (5)；
Image camera (10) is moved L distance from imaging len (5) focal point to away from imaging len (5) direction, makes imaging phase
Machine (10) is positioned at the image planes in inner nuclear layer common centre of area face；
Then introducing sighting target light beam, sighting target is placed on the position of distance human eye 1m light path, and it is the parallel of 2mm～3mm diameter
Light beam, makes the optical axis of the sighting target light beam optical axis coincidence with the first lens 2 before human eye import human eye, by regulating the position of sighting target
Change eyeball corner, so that pleasing to the eye probe source light beam and imaging source light beam can focus to 2 °～3 ° of distance little Ao center
Position, i.e. can arrive the inner nuclear layer position with capillary vessel；Human eye is stared at depending on sighting target the simple graph that can see sighting target
Case；Open retina adaptive optical imaging immediately and control program, the capillary vessel of diameter about 10 microns just can be made to be shorter than
Adaptive optical imaging is completed under the visible light exposure of 20ms.
Quickly catching and formation method of less than the 10 microns capillary vessel in a kind of optical fundus the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levy be the wavelength of described sighting target be 500nm, imaging source, the wavelength of aberration probe source are respectively 808nm, 785nm, need by
The outgoing beam of imaging source and aberration probe source is designed as converging beam, is placed in the position of distance human eye 150mm light path
Place, imports human eye by light beam, and imaging source, the beam outlet diameter of aberration probe source are respectively 8.7mm and 1.2mm, arrival
Diameter at human eye pupil is respectively 6mm and 0.8mm, illumination regional diameter on optical fundus is respectively 350 μm and 50 μm.
Quickly catching and formation method of less than the 10 microns capillary vessel in a kind of optical fundus the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levying is that image camera (10) is placed on one-dimensional automatically controlled displacement platform, micro-to the inner nuclear layer of different human eyes to move image camera (10)
In the image planes of thin blood vessel；The range 200mm of one-dimensional automatically controlled displacement platform, precision 2 μm.
Quickly catching and formation method of less than the 10 microns capillary vessel in a kind of optical fundus the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levy be the response time of liquid crystal wavefront corrector (6) be 3ms；Wave front detector (8) is Hartman wavefront detector, frame frequency
333Hz；The frame frequency 56Hz of image camera (10)；Wavelength 785nm aberration probe source and wavelength 808nm imaging source are at people's eye pupil
Luminous power at hole is respectively 50 μ w and 150 μ w, starts the control program of retina adaptive optical imaging, detects light from aberration
Source exposure starts to present the inner nuclear layer capillary vessel image of experimenter in imaging source end exposure, image camera (10)
Only, omnidistance time-consuming 36ms altogether.
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