CN106062304A

CN106062304A - Side and bottom water layer thermal recovery method allowing electrically heating oil deposit in horizontal well

Info

Publication number: CN106062304A
Application number: CN201480001286.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于文英; 王义刚
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-12-12
Filing date: 2014-02-22
Publication date: 2016-10-26
Also published as: CA2933277C; CA2933277A1; CN103615215A; US20170002637A1; RU2016122953A; WO2015085674A1; RU2653203C2

Abstract

A side and bottom water layer thermal recovery method allowing electrically heating oil deposit in a horizontal well is diaclosed. A water layer is electrically heated by using a plurality of horizontal wells that are located at the upper part of a side and bottom water layer of oil deposit and are 20-30m away from the oil layer, so that the temperature of the whole oil deposit is uniformly increased to a state in which in-place oil can flow, so as to achieve centralized heat supply by means of thermal recovery, thereby improving the thermal recovery efficiency of a single well. Also disclosed is an electric heating structure for a horizontal well. The electric heating structure is provided with a sieve pipe. A plurality of ferromagnetic permanent magnets is deployed at the upper part of the inner side of the sieve pipe. Spring-shaped electric heating rods serially connected together are disposed in the middle. A heat separation board is disposed in the position of a horizontal diameter. A half lower sieve pipe is sealed and is hollow and jointly separate heat in combination with the heat separation board, and the down transfer of heat energy is reduced.

Description

Horizontal well electrical heating oil reservoir edge-bottom water layer thermal process

Technical field

Heavy oil reservoir with edge and bottom water that this method is developed suitable for petroleum industry using thermal process, high pour point oil reservoir, mainly for Reservoir Crude Oil viscosity is high or paraffin content is high, crude oil steam soak or steam drive that thermal recovery efficiency is low, stable production period is short, lapse rate is high and the low problem of recovery percent of reserves and the thermal process that proposes.

Background technology

The methods such as steam soak, steam drive, hot water flooding and combustion in situ are Simulation on whole pay zones oil reservoir effective technology means, but deepening continuously with exploitation, the problem of exposing more and more in production, particularly to mid-deep strata to special ultra deep oil reservoir（600 ~ 2300 meters of depth）For, the contradiction performance in production is more prominent： 1) steam soak, steam drive, heat loss is serious because of long-distance transportation by hot water flooding, and thermal effect is low, and production specific yield of well is high, yields poorly, and lapse rate is high, and the final recovery percent of reserves of oil reservoir is impacted；2）Combustion in situ method is although effective in part common heavy oil fault block pilot production, it disclosure satisfy that industrial production demand, but most of super―heavy oil oil reservoir is not applied to simultaneously, and this development scheme is irrational extraction of resources, no less than draiing the pond to get all the fish, sacrifice future gains to satisfy present needs, oil reservoir is once destroy, and following advanced thermal process is just the method having no way in fact there is no that may implement；3）Current electrical heating oil production method is confined to sucker rod and pit shaft mode of heating, and the purpose is to lift producing well oil gas jacking capacity, reduction Crude viscosity and wax deposition phenomenon；4）Horizontal well hydraulic fracturing electric oil shale in-situ thermal process, is generalized to heavy crude reservoir and implements that difficulty is big, cost is high, environmental pollution is serious；5) thermal process belongs to local heating oil reservoir method at present, and oil reservoir is heated uneven, and heating power efficiency time is short, and efficiency is low, and remaining oil oil saturation is high, is mainly enriched in heating power bypassed area and thermal effect low area.

Technical problem

Basis：

1. central heating In severe cold, a people wears cotton dress heating, and one family encloses fiery heating with house, and a building, and optimal heating mode is central heating, in this three, most economical, most effective, it is most convenient that central heating.In oil reservoir thermal process, the heating of the similar people of single well stimulation, combination, which is handled up, heats house-like heating, if whole oil reservoir can realize central heating as a unit, formation temperature obtains overall lifting, then individual well thermal recovery problem will be solved well；

" 2. immersion heater " is a kind of electric heater commonly used in living, can for boiling water, warm milk, make coffee, change tradition from this heat mode of container external heat container, put in simple to similar a resistance that need to be Jing Guo water-proofing treatment in container, time saving, water-saving can be accomplished, it is power saving, laborsaving, taken into account inexpensive, convenient and efficiently.For bottom and edge water, water is natural, makes it possible electrical heating water layer, this method economy, environmental protection, simple to operate while thermal effect is high, and heat energy will meet production requirement well；

3. " food steamer steams stuffed bun " is the exemplary that the heating of life midsole water obtains fuel factor, as long as bottom water continuous heating, steams several drawers and all have no relations, the pressure, temperature in steamer take out and is released with steamed stuffed bun.Bottom and edge water bottom water is heated, temperature can gradually upward heat transfer to whole oil reservoir, and the reservoir pressure (reservoir and thermal expansion, solution gas release air pressure) that gradually accumulates, temperature rise, can effectively it be discharged with crude oil production, simultaneously, control heat time, temperature are controllable reservoir temperature, pressure rising degree, easy to operation.When bottom and edge water bulk temperature is between 80 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, the as flowable state of in-place oil can be achieved with crude oil thermal recovery；

4. hot and cold water gravitational differentiation phenomenon Ocean is irradiated by sunlight, and skin temperature is high, and is gradually reduced to bottom water temperature, except feeling the current, and hot and cold water is in gravitational differentiation phenomenon, is not in hot and cold water scroll-up/down phenomenon, heat loss is showed only as hot and cold water heat transfer.Therefore, at the nearly oil reservoir in stratum portion waterborne, electrical heating is continued, oil reservoir bulk temperature can be lifted effectively；

Feasibility study：

1. Bottom and edge water as a unified water-oil-gas system, reservoir communication is good, closed cap condition is good, in-place oil initial temperature high, crude oil it is flowable be Hydrocarbon Migration And Accumulation premise, and in-place oil thing phase change is reversible in certain temperature range.It is effective passage that oil gas, which can reach hole, and the mud stone of reservoir heat transfer relatively surrounding is fast, and heat can realize the effective insulation for constantly transmitting and obtaining mud stone around from bottom to top, thus can realize " central heating " of whole oil reservoir；

2. Oil reservoir can be divided into 10 types, massive carbonate water-bottom oil reservoir, layer structure massive carbonate water-bottom oil reservoir, block side bottom top water oil reservoir, stratiform edge-wa- ter reservoir, block pneumatic jack by oil and gas and water distribution feature（Bottom water）Oil-gas reservoir, block bottom water reservoir with gas cap, stratiform pneumatic jack side aqueous hydrocarbon Tibetan, stratiform gas-cap reservoir, pure oil reservoir, pure gas reservoir, in addition to pure oil reservoir, pure gas reservoir and stratiform gas-cap reservoir, most of oil-gas reservoir edge-bottom water development, there is sufficient stratum water resource, abundant material guarantee is provided for horizontal well electrical heating oil reservoir edge-bottom water layer；

3. Geothermal gradient is under the conditions of 2.5 ~ 4.5 DEG C/100m, mid-deep strata, special deep layer oil reservoir ground temperature are between 35 ~ 103.5 DEG C, even more high, electrical heating stratum coolant-temperature gage is to 80 ~ 150 DEG C of crude oil movable condition, the temperature difference is at 23.5 ~ 47.5 DEG C, and stratum water is deeper, and required electric energy is fewer, electric heater capacity is higher, and water temperature lifting is faster.On the other hand, it can simultaneously be heated with multiple electric heaters, can quickly improve formation temperature；

4. Overall heated for bounded reservoir, temperature and pressure rise under the similar pressure cooker of feature, high pressure conditions inside oil reservoir, and stratum water boiling temperature is higher than 100, the relation of aqueous fusion boiling point and pressure（Table 1）Under the conditions of display, 3~20MPa of strata pressure, water boiling temperature is at 132.9~211.4 DEG C, and pressure is higher, and boiling point is higher, under its boiling temperature, can meet oil reservoir and be warming up to crude oil flow state.Therefore, persistently heated at high temperature under high pressure to stratum water, as long as carrying out temperature and pressure monitoring, coordinate producing well pressure release, cooling feature, the temperature and pressure ascensional range of control formation water is feasible；

5. The electric-heating technology relative maturity such as current pipeline skin effect current tracing system, pit shaft or sucker rod, temperature-controllable, material high temperature resistant, disclosure satisfy that long distance delivery electric energy, to heating oil well, and wire heat dissipation problem can be well solved and utilize；

6. " immersion heater " is submerged in a liquid, and heat is come out quickly by liquid, so liquid is heated quickly, nor can burn out heating wire, safe and environment-friendly, economical, effective.

7. Electrical heating magnet descalling technique can effectively solve the incrustation scale phenomenon produced during electrical heating.The generation of incrustation scale, comes from that water quality is harder, and magnet can soften water, environmentally friendly, economical, convenient and safe.Iron supports body magnet, and primary raw material includes BaFe12019 and SrFe12019, is fabricated by by ceramic process method, is applicable with preferable temperature tolerance, cheap, performance, is extensive permanent magnet；

Technical solution

1）On bottom and edge water water layer top away from horizontal well drilling at 20 ~ 30m of oil reservoir, horizontal well electric heater is placed, water layer is electrically heated；

2) Thermal insulation board is placed at two parts above and below horizontal well electric heater structure such as Fig. 1, horizontal well sieve tube point, top half, the built-in multiple spring-like electric heaters that are cascaded of pipe, screen casing horizontal diameter, the latter half screen casing hollow sealing plays heat-blocking action；

3）The suspension of screen casing upper inner fixes several iron and supports body magnet bars, scale-deposit-preventing generation；

Beneficial effect

Can safe and environment-friendly, economy, Efficient Development mid-deep strata --- ultra deep heavy crude reservoir and high pour point oil reservoir, improve such effect of reservoir development, improve oil reservoir ultimate recovery.

Brief description of the drawings

1. cutting seam sieve tube；

2. iron supports body permanent magnetic iron staff；

3. spring-like screw type electric heater；

4. thermal insulation board；

5. screen casing sealing plate, interior hollow, prevents electrical heat energy from transmitting downwards together with thermal insulation board.

The preferred forms of the present invention

1）On bottom and edge water water layer top away from horizontal well drilling at 20 ~ 30m of oil reservoir, can so save enough heat energy makes reservoir temperature rise overally, and delays stratum water to seethe with excitement too early, pressure crosses substantially formation fracture；

2）Horizontal well quantity, length and trend are according to water body and the decision of oil reservoir volume size, gravel pack barefoot completion；

3）If horizontal well carries out sidetracking using oil well, conductor part is that can be used as pit shaft or sucker rod electric heater, and the purpose of radiating and heating is reached with this；If individually horizontal well drilling, wire need to collection skin heating device, preferential exotic material with prevent pit shaft inside conductor overheat.

Embodiments of the present invention

On oil reservoir edge-bottom water layer top by boring many saliva horizontal wells at oil reservoir, in horizontal well built-in electric heater, whole reservoir temperature is got a promotion the heating of oil reservoir edge-bottom water, efficiently recovered the oil using reducing crude oil viscosity/crude oil analysis wax effect under heat transfer effect, water-soluble spilling vapour drive effect of venting one's spleen, stratum water and oil reservoir thermal expansion stresses and hot conditions.

Industrial applicibility

Bottom and edge water, particularly mid-deep strata --- ultra deep edge-bottom water difficulty adopts heavy crude reservoir, high pour point oil reservoir for applicable Simulation on whole pay zones viscous crude and high solidifying oil

The free content of sequence table

Claims

[correcting 14.03.2014 according to detailed rules and regulations 26]
The characteristics of horizontal well electrical heating oil reservoir edge-bottom water layer thermal process is to bore several mouthfuls of horizontal well pair water layers at 20 ~ 30m of oil reservoir on oil reservoir edge-bottom water layer top to be electrically heated, reach that whole reservoir temperature equilibrium rises to the flowable state of in-place oil with this, realize thermal recovery central heating, improve the purpose of individual well thermal recovery efficiency, different from current oil recovery pit shaft and beam hanger electrical heating method, the purpose of the latter is only viscosity of thickened oil or high solidifying oily wax deposition degree in reduction pit shaft, lifts pumpingh well jacking capacity；
The characteristics of [correcting 14.03.2014 according to detailed rules and regulations 26] horizontal well electric heating device is designed is that screen casing inside upper part puts the foster body permanent magnet of several iron, place the spring-like electrically heated rod being cascaded in centre, place thermal insulation board in horizontal diameter position, the sealing of lower half screen casing is hollow, heat-blocking action is played jointly with thermal insulation board, is reduced heat energy and is transmitted downwards.