CN106058478A - High-low frequency compatible tunable broadband wave-absorbing composite meta-material - Google Patents
High-low frequency compatible tunable broadband wave-absorbing composite meta-material Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
- H01Q17/004—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems using non-directional dissipative particles, e.g. ferrite powders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-low frequency compatible tunable broadband wave-absorbing composite meta-material. The composite meta-material is formed by embedding a tunable circuit meta-material structure in a magnetic wave-absorbing material. According to the invention, the composite meta-material has the following beneficial effects: to overcome the problem of absorption of broadband high-performance microwaves in both high and low frequencies, the combination of a tunable meta-material and a traditional broadband magnetic wave-absorbing material is proposed to form a composite material, and a composite meta-material which has low frequency real-time tunable absorbing peak and high frequency broadband absorbing properties is acquired. In addition, different from the structure of a current tunable wave-absorbing meta-material, the composite metal-material herein is composed of a fine metal wire and a diode and integrates a regulation circuit and an absorbing unit. On one hand, the composite meta-material can lower the area occupancy of the meta-material as much as possible and on the other hand obviates the need for the embedding of extra regulation circuit in a magnetic material, so that the broadband absorbing property of the composite material is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electromagnetic wave absorbent material field and Meta Materials field, particularly to a kind of low-and high-frequency take into account can
Tuning broadband is inhaled ripple and is combined Meta Materials.
Background technology
Absorbing material is a kind of important military stealth material and civil protective material, cuts at the radar scattering reducing opportunity of combat
The aspects such as area and electromagnetic compatibility, electromagnetic shielding, electromagnetic countermeasure and security protection have a wide range of applications." thickness is thin, quality
Gently, bandwidth, intensity are big " developing goal of always absorbing material.Bigger owing to possessing based on ferromagnetic metal absorbent
Pcrmeability is widely used in the electro-magnetic wave absorption of ghz band, but due to the restriction of the Snoek limit, its absorption band is difficult to low
Frequency extension, especially below 6GHz, its absorbing property extreme difference, and drastically decline along with frequency reduces.
Ferrite Material can realize preferably absorption under the low frequency of below 1GHz, but owing to its saturated magnetization is strong
Spend relatively low, show in the frequency of more than 1GHz and be far inferior to the material that magnetic metal micropowder is absorbent.And along with microwave technology
Development and extensively application, electromagnetic environment is increasingly complex, needs to realize simultaneously in the face of the electromagnetic compatibility of wave band of large span.
Meanwhile, multiwave instrument the most constantly occurs.Such as, at civilian aspect, the two-band that 2.4GHz and 5GHz coexists
For wireless telecommunications；At military aspect, two waveband radar can follow the tracks of target at two wave bands of S and X simultaneously, at far and near two kinds of environment
The lower supervision that advanced person is provided and detection, it is thus possible to realize inhaling the Meta Materials of ripple in military confrontation at two wave bands of S and X simultaneously
There is importance.And tradition thin layer absorbing material cannot be taken into account the bigger multiple wave bands of span and absorb, therefore start emerging
Meta Materials field seeking solution.
Meta Materials is the artificial cellular construction of a kind of periodic arrangement with superpower designability, and its electromagnetic performance is main
Depend on that structure designs, and be not only the physical and chemical performance of composition material, therefore can realize under different frequency with flexible design
Absorption.
Meta Materials typically requires and utilizes resonance mechanism, and such as standing wave resonance, magnetic resonance etc. make the energy height of electromagnetic field
Assemble and be lost.The advantage that these characteristics of Meta Materials bring ultrathin to it, designability is strong.The most also make to cross over
The multiband of low-and high-frequency absorbs and is possibly realized: as long as design the resonating member of multiple different frequency simultaneously.
But absworption peak that resonant loss mechanism causes Meta Materials is the narrowest, which has limited its application.In order to solve this
Problem, has three kinds of modes: (1) is overlapped at thickness direction, such as Applied by multiple unit that resonant frequency is close at present
Physics Letters periodical (the 10th phase in 2012, page 103506) passes through " dielectric-metal sheet " is carried out multiple-layer stacked, if
The Meta Materials of meter achieves the wide band absorption of 7.8-14.7GHz, but inhaling ripple layer thickness is 5mm；(2) introduce real-time, tunable characteristic with
Realize the self adaptation of adsorption frequency, as New Journal of Physics periodical (the 4th phase in 2014, page 43049) passes through
The side of substrate arranges the superstructure embedding diode, and the opposite side of substrate arranges bias line, devises tunable metamaterial,
Frequency-tuning range is only 4.5-5.6GHz.If Chinese Physics B periodical (the 6th phase in 2014, page 542) is by two poles
Pipe connects adjacent sheet metal and constructs adjustable high impedance surface, devises tunable metamaterial, and frequency-tuning range is only
2.2-2.8GHz, such is adjustable Meta Materials is due to the existence of sheet metal, and the area ratio/occupancy ratio causing superstructure is bigger.(3) by low
The Meta Materials that frequency absorbs and the absorbing material at high band with broadband performance are combined, and carry in patent (201510464343.8)
Go out " a kind of embedded compound Meta Materials wave-absorber ", be combined with magnetic material by annular superstructure, devised low-and high-frequency and hold concurrently
Turn round and look at the Meta Materials absorbed, when thickness 2mm, it is achieved that high frequency 6.7-18GHz wideband absorbs, and absorbance reaches 80%, low frequency
1.4GHz single-frequency point absorbs, and absorbance reaches 95%, and low frequency absorbs and remains to be further improved.To sum up analyze and understand, mode (1) meeting
Cause the difficulty in bigger thickness and preparation；Mode (2) has a problem in that adjustable frequency range is narrower, is usually no more than
2GHz, is limited to the area ratio/occupancy ratio of superstructure simultaneously and needs the opposite side at substrate to design bias line so that it is be unfavorable
Carry out embedding in same magnetic material and be combined；Mode (3) has obvious thickness and superiority bandwidth, especially at high frequency, but low frequency
The narrow-band absorption peak of Meta Materials remain weakness.In a word, it is achieved the broadband absorbing material crossing over low-and high-frequency still suffers from sternness
Challenge.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to current absorbing material and be difficult in the case of thin layer realize crossing over the high-performance broadband microwave of low-and high-frequency
The problem absorbed, the especially broadband operating frequency problem of low frequency, proposing the tunable broad band that a kind of low-and high-frequency takes into account, to inhale ripple multiple
Close Meta Materials, tunable metamaterial is combined with Conventional wide band electromagnetic wave absorbing material the mode forming composite, keeps adjustable
Meta Materials comfortable low frequency each with electromagnetic wave absorbing material and the absorbent properties of high band, keep the tunable characteristic of Meta Materials, and carry
For regulation scheme convenient, can be practical.
The present invention solves the tunable ultra-thin width that above-mentioned technical problem be the technical scheme is that a kind of low-and high-frequency is taken into account
Band is inhaled ripple and is combined Meta Materials, it is characterised in that: described compound Meta Materials is embedded magnetic by tunable circuit metamaterial structure and inhales
Formed in wave material.
By such scheme, described tunable circuit Meta Materials is by the lower loss material frame structure matrix of hollow out
The diode of surface period arrangement connects formation parallel network via lametta, and is respectively connected to regulated power supply at network two ends
Both positive and negative polarity formed biasing circuit constitute.Concretely, described tunable circuit Meta Materials is by lametta and diode
Constituting, diode two ends connect lametta, and form periodic arrangement in this, as base unit；The composition at diode two ends surpasses
The lametta of material is respectively connected to the both positive and negative polarity of regulated power supply and forms biasing circuit；All diodes all form parallel relationship,
Their positive pole i.e. is connected with each other via lametta, and their negative pole is also connected with each other via lametta.
By such scheme, after described tunable circuit Meta Materials embeds electromagnetic wave absorbing material, lametta and diode
Part is the most exposed outside, is not covered by magnetic material.
By such scheme, described lametta is that thickness is less than 0.1mm, the width strip metal line less than 2mm.
By such scheme, the lower loss material frame structure of described hollow out, its hollow out rate is more than 70%.Its hollow out
The all electromagnetic wave absorbing materials of part, have the part not hollow out of lametta or diode.
By such scheme, described lower loss material includes epoxy glass-fiber-fabric substrate FR-4, high frequency plate or polyphenyl second
Alkene material.
By such scheme, described diode is varactor, and its capacitance is by applied bias electric field controls.
By such scheme, described electromagnetic wave absorbing material includes powder body and the dielectric polymer group of ferrum, cobalt, nickel and alloy thereof
The composite become.
The present invention is from the design of Meta Materials, by Meta Materials and property regulation circuit thereof are carried out integrated design,
So that the regulation and control of Meta Materials absorbing property, in the design of Meta Materials and regulation circuit, use fine rule structure, to keep simultaneously
Adjustable Meta Materials performance is unaffected, and reduces magnetic material in the impact of the absorbing property of high frequency as far as possible, designs low-and high-frequency
The tunable broad band taken into account is inhaled ripple and is combined Meta Materials.Therefore inventive point has:
(1) design of Meta Materials and regulation circuit uses fine rule structure, farthest reduce the covering of Meta Materials
Rate, thus remain the high frequency absorption performance of magnetic material；
(2) Meta Materials and property regulation circuit thereof carry out integrated design, effectively prevent conditioned circuit and are routed in combination
During the harmful effect that absorbent properties and bandwidth may be produced.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: for the high-performance broadband microwave absorption problem of leap low-and high-frequency, proposition is by adjustable
Humorous Meta Materials is combined formation composite with Conventional wide band electromagnetic wave absorbing material, it is thus achieved that one has low frequency real-time, tunable concurrently and absorbs
Peak and high-frequency wideband inhale the compound Meta Materials of ripple.Further, being different from the structure of existing adjustable absorbing meta-material, the present invention proposes
The absorbing meta-material that a kind of form based on lametta and diode, regulation circuit and absorptive unit are integrated, on the one hand
Can reduce as far as possible Meta Materials area ratio/occupancy ratio, on the other hand avoid the need imbedding Additional regulatory circuit in magnetic material
Want, it is thus possible to ensure the wide band absorption performance of composite.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the tunable broad band that the low-and high-frequency of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is taken into account is inhaled ripple and is combined the top view of Meta Materials；
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 sectional view at section A-A；
Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 sectional view at section B-B；
Fig. 4 is that the tunable broad band that the low-and high-frequency of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is taken into account is inhaled ripple and is combined the circuit structure of Meta Materials and shows
It is intended to；
The tunable broad band that the low-and high-frequency of Fig. 5 respectively embodiment of the present invention 1 is taken into account is inhaled ripple and is combined involved by Meta Materials
Capacitance under varactor Electric Field Biased outside and resistance value；
Fig. 6 is that the tunable broad band that the low-and high-frequency of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is taken into account is inhaled ripple and is combined the magnetic involved by Meta Materials
The monolayer absorbing property of material；
Fig. 7 is that the tunable broad band that the low-and high-frequency of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is taken into account is inhaled ripple and is combined Meta Materials in different biased electrical
Matching absorbent properties figure after the match；
Fig. 8 is that the tunable broad band that the low-and high-frequency of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is taken into account is inhaled ripple and is combined the preparation stream in kind of Meta Materials
Cheng Tu；
Fig. 9 is that the tunable broad band that the low-and high-frequency of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is taken into account is inhaled ripple and is combined the object performance of Meta Materials and surveys
Attempt；
Figure 10 is that the tunable broad band that the low-and high-frequency of embodiment 2 is taken into account is inhaled ripple and is combined the magnetic material involved by Meta Materials
Monolayer absorbing property；
Figure 11 is that the tunable broad band that the low-and high-frequency of embodiment 2 is taken into account is inhaled ripple and is combined Meta Materials under different bias fields
Matching absorbent properties figure.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention proposes the tunable broad band that a kind of low-and high-frequency takes into account and inhales ripple and be combined Meta Materials, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and tool
The present invention is described further for body embodiment.
The tunable super-thin broadband wave-absorbing that a kind of low-and high-frequency is taken into account is combined Meta Materials, it is characterised in that: described is compound super
Material is embedded formed in electromagnetic wave absorbing material by tunable circuit metamaterial structure.
By such scheme, described tunable circuit Meta Materials is by the lower loss material frame structure matrix of hollow out
The diode of surface period arrangement connects formation parallel network via lametta, and is respectively connected to regulated power supply at network two ends
Both positive and negative polarity formed biasing circuit constitute.
By such scheme, after described tunable circuit Meta Materials embeds electromagnetic wave absorbing material, lametta and diode
Part is the most exposed outside, is not covered by magnetic material.
By such scheme, described lametta is that thickness is less than 0.1mm, the width strip metal line less than 2mm.
By such scheme, the lower loss material frame structure of described hollow out, its hollow out rate is more than 70%.Its hollow out
The all electromagnetic wave absorbing materials of part, have the part not hollow out of lametta or diode.
By such scheme, described lower loss material includes epoxy glass-fiber-fabric substrate FR-4, high frequency plate or polyphenyl second
Alkene material.
By such scheme, described diode is varactor, and its capacitance is by applied bias electric field controls.
By such scheme, described electromagnetic wave absorbing material includes powder body and the dielectric polymer group of ferrum, cobalt, nickel and alloy thereof
The composite become.
Embodiment 1
By tunable circuit Meta Materials and property regulation circuit thereof are carried out integrated design, in order to Meta Materials inhales ripple
The regulation and control of performance, use lametta structure, to keep tunable in the design of tunable metamaterial and regulation circuit simultaneously
Circuit Meta Materials performance is unaffected, and reduces magnetic material in the impact of the absorbing property of high frequency as far as possible.
The tunable broad band that design low-and high-frequency is taken into account on metal backing is inhaled ripple and is combined Meta Materials, the top view of cellular construction
As shown in Figure 1.1 is electromagnetic wave absorbing material, and 2 is epoxy glass-fiber-fabric substrate FR-4, and 3 is tunable circuit metamaterial structure, and 4 for becoming
Holding diode, wherein the unit cycle is P=13mm, metal live width w=0.3mm, the width d=of epoxy glass-fiber-fabric substrate FR-4
0.7mm.Fig. 2 is compound Meta Materials sectional view at A-A, and 5 is metal wire, and 2 is epoxy glass-fiber-fabric substrate FR-4, highly h=
1.5mm, the spacing between diode pad is g=1.4mm.Fig. 3 is compound Meta Materials sectional view at B-B, and 1 inhales for magnetic
Wave material, 2 is epoxy glass-fiber-fabric substrate FR-4, and its dielectric parameter is εr=4.4 (1-0.025i), 5 is metal wire.Fig. 4 is electricity
Line structure schematic diagram, 4 is varactor, and 5 is metal wire, it can be seen that all of diodes in parallel connects, diode upper
End for negative pole and is connected with metal wire, and lower end is positive pole and is connected with metal wire, the metal wire of diode upper end and regulated power supply
Negative pole be connected, the metal wire of diode lower end is connected with the positive pole of regulated power supply, and lametta and diode section are the most naked
It is exposed at outside electromagnetic wave absorbing material.
Varactor model employed in compound Meta Materials is SMV2019-079LF, outside under Electric Field Biased
The data result of capacitance and resistance value is as shown in Figure 5.Can be seen that the increase with extra electric field, electric capacity is attenuation characteristic, becomes
Change scope is 2.31-0.21pF, and resistive linearity reduces, excursion 4.51-2.16 Ω.The single-layer absorption of electromagnetic wave absorbing material
Can be as shown in Figure 6, it can be seen that absorbent properties main contributions is in the high band of 8-18GHz, the low frequency absorbent properties of below 8GHz
Poor.
According to the structural parameters in above-mentioned embodiment, we use electromagnetic simulation software to simulate compound Meta Materials respectively
Absorbent properties figure under different bias fields, direction of an electric field is parallel to the metal wire direction at varactor place.Simulation knot
Fruit is as shown in Figure 7, it can be seen that there is wideband absorption characteristic in 8-18GHz frequency range, absorbance reaches 80%, and by additional
The impact of bias field is less；Meanwhile, in low frequency, having single-frequency absorption characteristic, absorbance reaches 85%, and with applied bias
The increase of electric field, absworption peak, to high-frequency mobile, verifies the feasibility of design below by material object preparation.
The preparation technology flow process of compound Meta Materials as shown in Figure 8, is specifically divided into three steps.
The first step: on epoxy glass-fiber-fabric substrate FR-4, uses circuit board printing technology to prepare wiring board, simultaneously at needs
Lametta aperture pitch 1.4mm is reserved in the place of installation varactor and upper tin cream carries out pad, presses with engraving machine afterwards
The circuit Meta Materials framework of hollow out is prepared according to the size in Fig. 1-Fig. 3.Afterwards, weld varactor at opening part, welded
Journey notes the both positive and negative polarity of diode, and checks circuit with universal meter, it is ensured that all of varactor forms parallel relationship.
Second step: with the iron powder of particle diameter 35 microns as absorbent, being dispersed in epoxy resin-base, Ratio of filler bitumen is 2.6,
The volume fraction of absorbent iron powder is 28.6%, uses spraying coating process to prepare magnetic microwave absorbing coating, and being sprayed into thickness is 1.5mm,
It is placed in air dry oven, curing molding at 60 DEG C.According to the design requirement of electromagnetic wave absorbing material, undercuting width with engraving machine is
The groove of 1.4mm, obtains patterned magnetic material and inhales ripple layer.
3rd step: the tuning circuit Meta Materials prepared in the first step is embedded the patterned magnetic material prepared in second step
Material is inhaled in ripple layer, obtains tunable broad band suction ripple and is combined Meta Materials.
The reflection of Agilent PNA-N5230A vector network analyzer test compound Meta Materials is used in microwave dark room
Rate, is connected to the positive and negative lead wires on compound Meta Materials on regulated power supply, export 0 respectively, 4, the voltage of 11V.Test result
Absorbing as it is shown in figure 9, measured performance exists wideband at 8.4GHz-18GHz, absorbance reaches 80%, and protects under different voltages
Keep steady fixed.There is an absorbance at low frequency and reach the absworption peak of about 80%, absworption peak frequency is increased to from 0 at voltage simultaneously
During 11V, from low frequency to high-frequency mobile.And comparison diagram 7 and Fig. 9 is it appeared that matching is the most identical with the result of actual test, from
And demonstrate the feasibility of design.
Embodiment 2
Using high frequency plate as lower loss material, metal backing designs the tunable broad band suction ripple that low-and high-frequency is taken into account
Compound Meta Materials, the top view of cellular construction is as shown in Figure 1.1 is electromagnetic wave absorbing material, and 2 is high frequency plate, and 3 is tunable circuit
Metamaterial structure, 4 is varactor, and wherein the unit cycle is P=10mm, and the spacing between diode pad is g=
1.4mm, metal live width w=0.1mm, substrate high frequency plate width d=0.35mm.The single-layer absorption performance of electromagnetic wave absorbing material such as figure
Shown in 10, its Ratio of filler bitumen is 2.78, and the volume fraction of absorbent iron powder is 30%, and the dielectric parameter of high frequency plate is εr=3.35
(1-0.0027i), the varactor model employed in compound Meta Materials is SMV2022-004LF, and remaining structure is with implementing
Example 1,.
Electromagnetic simulation software is used to simulate compound Meta Materials absorbent properties figure under different bias voltages, electric field respectively
It is parallel to the metal wire direction at diode place.Analog result is as shown in figure 11, it can be seen that, it can be seen that at 8-18GHz frequency
There is wideband absorption characteristic in Duan, absorbance reaches 80%, and is affected less by applied bias electric field；Meanwhile, in low frequency,
Having single-frequency absorption characteristic, absorbance reaches 85%, and with the increase of applied bias electric field, absworption peak is to high-frequency mobile.
According to above case study on implementation, those skilled in the relevant art are prone under conditions of without departing from essence of the present invention, logical
Cross diode model, the layout of lametta and preparation flow used by conversion and realize same or like structure and performance,
These are all in the range of the applied patent protection of the present invention.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention, be to aid in the implementation of the reader understanding present invention, and unprovoked
This limits the scope of the claims of the present invention.Every utilize that description of the invention and accompanying drawing content made various real without departing from the present invention
Other various concrete deformation and combination of matter, or directly or indirectly it is used in other relevant technical fields, it is included in this
In bright scope of patent protection.
Claims (8)
1. the tunable super-thin broadband wave-absorbing that a low-and high-frequency is taken into account is combined Meta Materials, it is characterised in that: described compound super material
Material is embedded formed in electromagnetic wave absorbing material by tunable circuit metamaterial structure.
The tunable super-thin broadband wave-absorbing that low-and high-frequency the most according to claim 1 is taken into account is combined Meta Materials, it is characterised in that:
Described tunable circuit Meta Materials is the lower loss material frame structure matrix by hollow out and surface period arrangement thereof
Diode via lametta connect formed parallel network, and be respectively connected at network two ends regulated power supply both positive and negative polarity formed
Biasing circuit is constituted.
The tunable super-thin broadband wave-absorbing that low-and high-frequency the most according to claim 2 is taken into account is combined Meta Materials, it is characterised in that:
After described tunable circuit Meta Materials embeds electromagnetic wave absorbing material, lametta and diode section are the most exposed outside.
The tunable super-thin broadband wave-absorbing that low-and high-frequency the most according to claim 2 is taken into account is combined Meta Materials, it is characterised in that:
Described lametta is that thickness is less than 0.1mm, the width strip metal line less than 2mm.
The tunable super-thin broadband wave-absorbing that low-and high-frequency the most according to claim 2 is taken into account is combined Meta Materials, it is characterised in that:
The lower loss material frame structure of described hollow out, its hollow out rate is more than 70%.
The tunable super-thin broadband wave-absorbing that low-and high-frequency the most according to claim 2 is taken into account is combined Meta Materials, it is characterised in that:
Described lower loss material includes epoxy glass-fiber-fabric substrate FR-4, high frequency plate or polystyrene material.
The tunable super-thin broadband wave-absorbing that low-and high-frequency the most according to claim 2 is taken into account is combined Meta Materials, it is characterised in that:
Described diode is varactor, and its capacitance is by applied bias electric field controls.
The tunable super-thin broadband wave-absorbing that low-and high-frequency the most according to claim 1 is taken into account is combined Meta Materials, it is characterised in that:
Described electromagnetic wave absorbing material includes the powder body of ferrum, cobalt, nickel and alloy thereof and the composite of dielectric polymer composition.
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