CN106053604A - Experiment device and method utilizing resonance principle to measure Young modulus of metal wire - Google Patents
Experiment device and method utilizing resonance principle to measure Young modulus of metal wire Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experiment device and method utilizing a resonance principle to measure the Young modulus of a metal wire, relates to a Young modulus measuring device and method, and aims to solve the problems that in the conventional university physical experiments, the experiment principle for measuring metal wire Young modulus is single and abstract, and the telescope is hard to adjust. The provided device comprises a crossbeam, which is arranged on the upper end of a support. An upper clamping head and a vibration generator are arranged on the middle of the crossbeam. Two ends of a metal wire are respectively connected to the vibration generator and a movable armature. The vibration generator is connected to a signal source. A measuring device is composed of a differential bridge composed of an inductance coil and an adjustable resistance, an alternating voltage source, an amplifying device, and an oscilloscope. According to the method, sinusoidal signals are converted into mechanical vibration by the vibration generator to force a metal wire spring oscillator to vibrate; the electric bridge composed of variable inductances is converted into electric signals, the signal frequency is adjusted, when the waveform amplitude is the largest, the inherent frequency of the metal wire spring oscillator can be obtained, and finally the inherent frequency is substituted into a formula to calculate the Young modulus of the metal wire. The provided method is suitable for measuring the Young modulus of a metal wire.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Experiment of College Physics device, be specifically related to one resonance principle and survey tinsel Young mould
The experimental provision of amount and method.
Background technology
Under external force, the change of shape that solid is occurred, referred to as deformation.It can be divided into elastic deformation and plastic deformation
Two classes.External force removes the complete restorable deformation of energy of rear object, referred to as elastic deformation.If the external force mistake being added on object
Greatly, so that after external force is removed, object can not restore to the original state completely, and leaves residual deformation, the most referred to as plastic deformation.In this reality
In testing, only study elastic deformation.To this end, the size of external force should be controlled, with ensure this external force remove after object resilient.
Simplest deformation is bar-like object (or tinsel) by the elongation after external force and shortening.If an a length of L of object, sectional area is S,
Along its length after force F, object elongation (or shortening) is Δ L.Ratio F/S is the active force in unit are, is referred to as stressing,
Which determine the deformation of object；Ratios delta L/L is the specific elongation of object, referred to as strain, and it represents the size of object deformation.Press
According to Hooke's law, the elastic limit internal stress at object is directly proportional to strain, proportionality coefficientIt is referred to as poplar
Family name's modulus.
Experiment shows, Young's modulus is unrelated with the size of external force F, length L of object and sectional area S, and is solely dependent upon rod
The material of (or tinsel).Young's modulus is to describe an important mechanics parameter of solid material elastic deformation ability, is selected
One of foundation of mechanical component material, is parameter conventional in engineering.No matter it is elastomeric material, such as various metal materials,
Or fragile material, such as glass, pottery etc., or other various new materials, such as fiberglass, carbon fibre composite etc., for
Ensure the use of normal safe, will measure their Young's modulus.For a long time, the Young's modulus measuring material is generally used
Static stretch method, is typically carried out on universal testing machine.This method load is big, and loading velocity is slow, there is relaxation process,
Measurement error can be increased, and be difficult to fragile material measure, measure also inconvenient under condition of different temperatures.80 years 20th century
In generation, there are people's laser-holographic interferometry and laser speckle photography method that the Young's modulus of the carbon composite of aerospace field is surveyed
Amount, carrys out the impact on Young's modulus of the research material defect with this, achieves good effect.The nineties in 20th century, kinetics poplar
Family name's modulus measuring method i.e. hang wire flexural resonance method recommends to perform as national technical standard.This method can be bigger
High/low temperature in the range of measure the Young's modulus of various material, and certainty of measurement is higher.Static method, except static stretch method, also has
Static twist method, the method for Static bending etc.；Dynamic method except lateral resonance, also longitudinal resonance, torsional resonance etc..It can in addition contain
Use wave speed measurement method, utilize continuous wave or impulse wave to measure Young's modulus.
Although kinetics Young's modulus measuring method i.e. hang wire flexural resonance method has many good qualities, but due to theory
Formula is complicated, and principle is the most readily understood, and equipment is the most more complicated, and experiment difficulty is big, therefore conventional quiet in Experiment of College Physics at present
State Module by Stretching silk Young's modulus, measures Chroococcus minutus Δ L wiry according to optical lever amplification principle, in recent years
The most useful some other more advanced micro-displacement measurement method, such as current vortex sensor method, Michelson's interferometer method,
Optical fibre displacement sensor method etc. measures Chroococcus minutus Δ L wiry, thus calculates tinsel Young's modulus.The biggest
Learn the experimental project of Module by Stretching silk Young's modulus in Physical Experiment and be primarily present following deficiency:
One, generally surveys tinsel Young's modulus by static stretch method, and principle is more single.
Its two, according to optical lever amplification principle, the amplification system consisted of optical lever, telescope and scale measures metal
The Chroococcus minutus of silk, although method is ingenious, but principle is more abstract, the most readily understood, and telescopical regulation difficulty is bigger,
Points for attention are the most, and directly utilize telescope to carry out observing measurement by human eye, are very easy to fatigue, easily by data
Mistake, affect the accuracy of measurement result.
Its three, typically apply pulling force with counterweight to tinsel, calculate pulling force with the nominal mass of counterweight inaccurate, thus shadow
Ring the accuracy of experimental result.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of resonance principle and surveys tinsel Young's modulus
Experimental provision and method, experimental principle of the present invention is easily understood, and described experimental provision utilizes vibrator to be exported by sine signal source
Sinusoidal signal be converted to the mechanical vibration of same frequency, pass to what the iron block linked together and moving armature and tinsel were constituted
Wire spring oscillator, makes wire spring oscillator make longitudinal forced vibration, and this vibration is converted to week by the change of inductance value
The bridge output voltage of phase property change, observes the waveform of amplified bridge output voltage on analog oscilloscope, by adjusting
The frequency of joint sinusoidal signal, until the wave-shape amplitude maximum of bridge output voltage, now the frequency of sinusoidal signal is exactly altogether
Vibration frequency, the namely natural frequency of wire spring oscillator, experimental phenomena is directly perceived, observe with measure more convenient.
The present invention solves the experimental provision by resonance principle survey tinsel Young's modulus of its technical problem: is included in and props up
Arranging support on frame base, pedestal upper end arranges crossbeam, arranges upper grip and vibrator, tinsel one end and upper folder in the middle of crossbeam
Head and vibrator are connected, and the other end is connected with lower chuck, and lower chuck and a moving armature are fixed together, and moving armature is by even
Connection device and an iron block are connected.Vibrator is connected with sine signal source by interface, the sinusoidal signal electricity of sine signal source output
Pressure amplitude degree and frequency size can be continuously adjusted by knob, and can show on a display screen.Vibrator is by sine
The sinusoidal signal of signal source output is converted to the mechanical vibration of same frequency, passes to the iron block linked together and moving armature and gold
Belong to the wire spring oscillator that silk is constituted, make wire spring oscillator make longitudinal forced vibration.Two identical ferrum of specification
Core is separately positioned on two fixtures, and fixture is rack-mount, and fixture can move to change position along support, and two specifications are complete
Exactly the same inductance coil is rotating around on two iron cores.Two inductance coils and two adjustable resistances collectively form one differential
Electric bridge, is provided power supply, the sinusoidal signal voltage amplitude of adjustable alternating-current voltage source output and frequency by adjustable alternating-current voltage source to electric bridge
Rate size can be adjusted by knob, and can show on adjustable alternating-current voltage source display screen.The outfan of electric bridge
Concatenation operation amplifier one, as a backward voltage amplifier, voltage amplification factor can be by changing adjustable feedback resistance
And the size of adjustable input resistance is adjusted, the output voltage of electric bridge is amplified, then puts through the computing as output buffer
Big device two exports, and operational amplifier two is connected with analog oscilloscope by interface, and analog oscilloscope can be by the electric bridge after amplifying
The waveform of output voltage shows, observes and measures.
Resonance principle of the present invention surveys the reality of the experimental provision survey tinsel Young's modulus of tinsel Young's modulus
Proved recipe method, the detailed process of the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, by observe bracket base level gauge, the bracket base leveling serew on adjusting pole base, make support
Base level；
Step 2, along support movable clamp, make moving armature be positioned in the middle of iron core one and iron core two, by adjustable alternating current
Potential source voltage-regulation knob and frequency adjusting knob are adjusted, the sinusoidal signal voltage amplitude exported by adjustable alternating-current voltage source
And frequency regulation is suitable, is put by the voltage of operational amplifier one by the size changing adjustable feedback resistance and adjustable input resistance
Big multiple regulation is suitable, and the waveform of the bridge output voltage after being amplified by analog oscilloscope is shown, is shown by simulation
Ripple device display screen observes the waveform of the bridge output voltage after amplifying, and further along support movable clamp, carefully adjusts iron core one
And the position of iron core two, making bridge output voltage is zero, and now moving armature is positioned at iron core one and the middle of iron core two；
Step 3, the sinusoidal signal voltage amplitude exported by sine signal source regulate properly, by regulation sinusoidal signal frequency
Rate coarse adjustment knob is gradually increased the frequency of the sinusoidal signal of sine signal source output, the sine that sine signal source is exported by vibrator
Signal is converted to the mechanical vibration of same frequency, passes to the tinsel that the iron block linked together and moving armature are constituted with tinsel
Spring oscillator, makes wire spring oscillator make longitudinal forced vibration, when the frequency of sinusoidal signal is away from wire spring oscillator
During natural frequency, moving armature is the most motionless or vibration is the faintest；When the frequency of sinusoidal signal moves closer to wire spring
During the natural frequency of oscillator, based on resonance principle, the Oscillation Amplitude of moving armature is gradually increased, and moving armature moves up and down seasonal epidemic pathogens
Gap is changed, therefore the change of the inductance value of inductance coil one and inductance coil two generating period therewith, and an increasing one subtracts, from
And make bridge output voltage the most periodically change；
Step 4, this periodically variable bridge output voltage are after operational amplifier one amplifies, then through slow as output
Rushing operational amplifier two output of device, waveform shows on analog oscilloscope, observes and put on analog oscilloscope display screen
The waveform of the bridge output voltage after great, by regulation sinusoidal signal frequency fine tuning knob, the most carefully regulates sinusoidal signal
The frequency size of the sinusoidal signal of source output, until the wave-shape amplitude maximum of bridge output voltage, now from sinusoidal signal
The frequency read on frequency display screen is exactly resonant frequency, namely natural frequency f of wire spring oscillator；
Step 5, measure quality m of wire spring oscillator lower end direct bearing object with balance, with meter ruler measure vibrator with
Length L wiry between lower chuck, measures diameter d wiry with micrometer, and calculates sectional area wiry
Step 6, by length L wiry, sectional area S, quality m of wire spring oscillator lower end direct bearing object, and
Natural frequency f of wire spring oscillator substitutes into formulaYoung's modulus Y wiry can be obtained.
Theoretical basis by the survey tinsel Young's modulus of resonance principle:
If an a length of L of tinsel, sectional area is S, and Young's modulus is Y, applies pulling force F, wire elongation along its length
Amount is the active force in unit are for Δ L, ratio F/S, is referred to as stressing, which determines deformation wiry；Ratios delta L/L is
Specific elongation wiry, referred to as strain, it represents the size of tinsel deformation.According to Hooke's law, in elasticity wiry
Limit internal stress is directly proportional to strain, proportionality coefficient i.e. Young's modulus Y, i.e.
(1) formula is become
According to (2) formula as, this tinsel can be regarded a coefficient of elasticitySpring, this wire spring is erected
Directly hanging, the object that a mass is m is fastened in lower end, then wire spring and this object constitute a wire spring oscillator, and giving should
System applies certain pulling force, then discharges, then in the vertical direction is done simple harmonic oscillation by object, and its cycle can be by spring oscillator
Period Formula is obtained, i.e.
The natural frequency of wire spring oscillator is can be obtained fom the above equation
By the coefficient of elasticity of wire spring(4) formula of substitution, can obtain
According to (5) formula, Young's modulus Y wiry can be obtained, i.e.
Applied vibration source acts on wire spring oscillator, makes wire spring oscillator make longitudinal forced vibration.When additional
When the frequency of vibration source is not equal to the natural frequency of wire spring oscillator, wire spring oscillator vibrates hardly or vibrates width
Spend the least；When the frequency in applied vibration source is equal to the natural frequency of wire spring oscillator, based on resonance principle, tinsel bullet
The Oscillation Amplitude of spring oscillator will increase suddenly.Measure the intrinsic frequency of frequency f in now applied vibration source, i.e. wire spring oscillator
Rate f.Measure length L wiry, sectional area S, quality m of the object of wire spring oscillator lower end direct bearing, it is possible to according to
Formula (6), obtains Young's modulus Y wiry.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
One, the present invention proposes a kind of method of new survey tinsel Young's modulus based on resonance principle, the method with
It is different that the static stretch method surveying tinsel Young's modulus generally used in Physical Experiments also exists essence, and the party
The experimental principle of method institute foundation is the simplest, it is simply that common mass-spring model and resonance principle, in high school physics class the most
Relate to correlation formula, course of University Physics also has detailed analysis, is easily understood.If therefore this invention being incorporated into university
In Physical Experiment Course, it is remarkably contributing to abundant Experiment of College Physics content, the thinking of open student, the innovation essence of training student
God, strengthens student and uses knowledge problem-solving ability flexibly.
Its two, the present invention propose with resonance principle survey tinsel Young's modulus experimental provision the most uncomplicated, existing
Improve a little on the basis of experimental provision, be easier to realize.
Its three, the experimental provision that the present invention proposes utilizes vibrator the sinusoidal signal that sine signal source export to be converted to together
The mechanical vibration of frequency, pass to the wire spring oscillator that the iron block linked together and moving armature are constituted with tinsel, make
Wire spring oscillator makees longitudinal forced vibration, and this vibration is converted to periodically variable electric bridge by the change of inductance value and exports
Voltage, observes the waveform of amplified bridge output voltage on analog oscilloscope, by regulating the frequency of sinusoidal signal, directly
To the wave-shape amplitude maximum of bridge output voltage, now the frequency of sinusoidal signal is exactly resonant frequency, namely tinsel
The natural frequency of spring oscillator, experimental phenomena is directly perceived, observe with measure more convenient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention is further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation one of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation two of the present invention.
1. crossbeam in figure, 2. upper grip, 3. vibrator, 4. support, 5. bracket base leveling serew, 6. bracket base level
Instrument, 7. bracket base, 8. sine signal source, 9. sinusoidal signal frequency display screen, 10. sinusoidal signal frequency coarse adjustment knob, 11. just
String signal frequency fine tuning knob, 12. sinusoidal signal voltage amplitude display screens, 13. sinusoidal signal voltage amplitude adjusting knobs, 14.
Interface between vibrator and sine signal source, 15. tinsels, 16. lower chucks, 17. moving armatures, 18. iron blocks, 19. inductance
Coil one, 20. inductance coils two, 21. iron cores one, 22. iron cores two, 23. attachment means, 24. fixtures one, 25. fixtures two, 26.
Adjustable resistance one, 27. adjustable resistances two, 28. adjustable alternating-current voltage sources, 29. adjustable alternating-current voltage source display screens, 30. adjustable friendships
Stream voltage source voltage-regulation knob, 31. adjustable alternating voltage source frequency adjusting knobs, 32. adjustable alternating-current voltage source function switchings
Button, 33. adjustable feedback resistance, 34. operational amplifiers one, 35. adjustable input resistances, 36. operational amplifiers two, 37. simulations
Oscillograph, 38. analog oscilloscope display screens, 39. analog oscilloscope switch keys.
Detailed description of the invention
In figure, arranging support 4 on bracket base 7, support 4 upper end arranges crossbeam 1, arrange in the middle of crossbeam 1 upper grip 2 and
Vibrator 3, tinsel 15 one end is connected with upper grip 2 and vibrator 3, and the other end is connected with lower chuck 16, lower chuck 16 and
Moving armature 17 is fixed together, and moving armature 17 is connected with an iron block 18 by attachment means 23.Vibrator 3 passes through vibrator
Being connected with sine signal source 8 with the interface 14 between sine signal source, the sinusoidal signal voltage amplitude of sine signal source 8 output can
To be continuously adjusted by sinusoidal signal voltage amplitude adjusting knob 13, and can be on sinusoidal signal voltage amplitude display screen 12
Show；Sinusoidal signal frequency size can pass through sinusoidal signal frequency coarse adjustment knob 10 and sinusoidal signal frequency fine tuning knob
11 continuously adjust, and can show on sinusoidal signal frequency display screen 9.Sine signal source 8 is exported by vibrator 3
Sinusoidal signal is converted to the mechanical vibration of same frequency, passes to the iron block 18 linked together and moving armature 17 and tinsel 15 structure
The wire spring oscillator become, makes wire spring oscillator make longitudinal forced vibration.Two specification i.e. ferrum of identical iron core
Core 1 and iron core 2 22 are separately positioned on two fixtures i.e. fixture 1 and fixture 2 25, fixture 1 and fixture 2 25 peace
Being contained on support 4, fixture 1 and fixture 2 25 can move to change position along support 4, two identical inductance of specification
Coil i.e. inductance coil 1 and inductance coil 2 20 are rotating around on iron core 1 and iron core 2 22.Two i.e. electricity of inductance coil
Sense coil 1, inductance coil 2 20 and two the i.e. adjustable resistances 1 of adjustable resistance, adjustable resistances 2 27 collectively form one
Differential bridge.Power supply, the sinusoidal signal voltage of adjustable alternating-current voltage source 28 output is provided to electric bridge by adjustable alternating-current voltage source 28
Amplitude and frequency size can be adjusted by adjustable alternating-current voltage source voltage-regulation knob 30 and adjustable alternating voltage source frequency respectively
Joint knob 31 is adjusted, and can show on adjustable alternating-current voltage source display screen 29.The outfan concatenation operation of electric bridge
Amplifier 1, operational amplifier 1 is as a backward voltage amplifier, and voltage amplification factor can be adjustable by changing
The size of feedback resistance 33 and adjustable input resistance 35 is adjusted, and is amplified by the output voltage of electric bridge, then through slow as output
Rushing operational amplifier 2 36 output of device, operational amplifier 2 36 is connected with analog oscilloscope 37 by interface, analog oscilloscope
The waveform of the bridge output voltage after amplifying can be shown by 37, observes and measures.
Specific experiment operating procedure is:
(1) by observing bracket base level gauge 6, the bracket base leveling serew 5 on adjusting pole base 7, support is made
Base 7 level.
(2) along support 4 movable clamp 1 and fixture 2 25, moving armature 17 is made to be positioned in iron core 1 and iron core 2 22
Between, by adjustable alternating-current voltage source function switching key 32, adjustable alternating-current voltage source display screen 29 shows adjustable friendship respectively
The sinusoidal signal voltage amplitude of stream voltage source 28 output and frequency size, by adjustable alternating-current voltage source voltage-regulation knob 30 and
Adjustable alternating voltage source frequency adjusting knob 31 is adjusted, the sinusoidal signal voltage amplitude exported by adjustable alternating-current voltage source 28
And frequency regulation is suitable.By changing the size of adjustable feedback resistance 33 and adjustable input resistance 35 by operational amplifier 1
Voltage amplification factor regulation is suitable, and the waveform of the bridge output voltage after being amplified by analog oscilloscope 37 is shown.Logical
Cross analog oscilloscope display screen 38 and observe the waveform of the bridge output voltage after amplifying, carefully adjust fixture along support 4 further
One 24 and the position of fixture 2 25, making bridge output voltage is zero, and now moving armature 17 is positioned at iron core 1 and iron core 2 22
Middle.
(3) by sinusoidal signal voltage amplitude adjusting knob 13 and sinusoidal signal voltage amplitude display screen 12, sine is believed
The sinusoidal signal voltage amplitude regulation of number source 8 output is suitable.Just it is gradually increased by regulation sinusoidal signal frequency coarse adjustment knob 10
The frequency of the sinusoidal signal of string signal source 8 output, the sinusoidal signal that sine signal source 8 exports is converted to same frequency by vibrator 3
Mechanical vibration, pass to the wire spring oscillator that the iron block 18 linked together and moving armature 17 are constituted with tinsel 15,
Wire spring oscillator is made to make longitudinal forced vibration.When the frequency of sinusoidal signal is away from the natural frequency of wire spring oscillator
Time, moving armature 17 is the most motionless or vibration is the faintest；When the frequency of sinusoidal signal moves closer to wire spring oscillator
During natural frequency, based on resonance principle, the Oscillation Amplitude of moving armature 17 is gradually increased, air gap when moving armature 17 moves up and down
It is changed, therefore the change of the inductance value of inductance coil 1 and inductance coil 2 20 generating period therewith, and an increasing one subtracts,
So that bridge output voltage the most periodically changes.
(4) this periodically variable bridge output voltage is after operational amplifier 1 amplifies, then through as output buffering
Operational amplifier 2 36 output of device, waveform shows on analog oscilloscope 37, sees on analog oscilloscope display screen 38
Examining the waveform of the bridge output voltage after amplification, by regulation sinusoidal signal frequency fine tuning knob 11, the most carefully regulation is just
The frequency size of the sinusoidal signal of string signal source 8 output, until the wave-shape amplitude maximum of bridge output voltage, now from just
The frequency read on string signal frequency display screen 9 is exactly resonant frequency, namely natural frequency f of wire spring oscillator.
(5) measure quality m of wire spring oscillator lower end direct bearing object with balance, with meter ruler measure vibrator 3 with under
Length L of 16 tinsels 15 of chuck, measures the diameter d of tinsel 15, and calculates sectional area wiry for point chi
(6) by length L of tinsel 15, sectional area S, quality m of wire spring oscillator lower end direct bearing object and gold
Natural frequency f belonging to silk spring oscillator substitutes into formulaYoung's modulus Y wiry can be obtained.
Above the present invention is set forth, but the most conditional intention of embodiment that the present invention is introduced, not
Deviating from the range of present subject matter, the present invention can have multiple changing and modifications.
Claims (2)
1. the experimental provision surveying tinsel Young's modulus with resonance principle, it is characterised in that it is included on bracket base
Arranging support, pedestal upper end arranges crossbeam, arranges upper grip and vibrator, tinsel one end and upper grip and exciting in the middle of crossbeam
Device be connected, the other end is connected with lower chuck, and lower chuck and a moving armature are fixed together, moving armature pass through attachment means and
One iron block is connected；Vibrator is connected with sine signal source by interface, sinusoidal signal voltage amplitude that sine signal source exports and
Frequency size can be continuously adjusted by knob, and can show on a display screen, and vibrator is defeated by sine signal source
The sinusoidal signal gone out is converted to the mechanical vibration of same frequency, passes to the iron block linked together and moving armature and constitutes with tinsel
Wire spring oscillator, make wire spring oscillator make longitudinal forced vibration；Two identical iron cores of specification set respectively
Putting on two fixtures, fixture is rack-mount, and fixture can move to change position along support, and two specifications are identical
Inductance coil is rotating around on two iron cores；
Two inductance coils and two adjustable resistances collectively form a differential bridge, adjustable alternating-current voltage source provide to electric bridge
Power supply, sinusoidal signal voltage amplitude and the frequency size of the output of adjustable alternating-current voltage source can be adjusted by knob, and can
Adjustable alternating-current voltage source display screen shows；The outfan concatenation operation amplifier one of electric bridge, as a reverse electricity
Pressure amplifier, voltage amplification factor can be adjusted by the size changing adjustable feedback resistance and adjustable input resistance, will
The output voltage of electric bridge amplifies, then exports through the operational amplifier two as output buffer, and operational amplifier two passes through interface
Being connected with analog oscilloscope, the waveform of the bridge output voltage after amplifying can be shown by analog oscilloscope, observes
With measurement.
Resonance principle the most according to claim 1 is surveyed the experimental provision of tinsel Young's modulus and is surveyed tinsel Young's modulus
Experimental technique, it is characterised in that the detailed process of the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, by observe bracket base level gauge, the bracket base leveling serew on adjusting pole base, make bracket base
Level；
Step 2, along support movable clamp, make moving armature be positioned in the middle of iron core one and iron core two, by adjustable alternating-current voltage source
Voltage-regulation knob and frequency adjusting knob are adjusted, the sinusoidal signal voltage amplitude exported by adjustable alternating-current voltage source and frequency
Rate regulation is suitable, by changing the size of adjustable feedback resistance and adjustable input resistance by the voltage amplification of operational amplifier one times
Number regulation is suitable, and the waveform of the bridge output voltage after being amplified by analog oscilloscope is shown, passes through analog oscilloscope
Display screen observes the waveform of the bridge output voltage after amplifying, and further along support movable clamp, carefully adjusts iron core one and ferrum
The position of core two, making bridge output voltage is zero, and now moving armature is positioned at iron core one and the middle of iron core two；
Step 3, the sinusoidal signal voltage amplitude regulation exported by sine signal source are properly, thick by regulation sinusoidal signal frequency
Knob is adjusted to be gradually increased the frequency of the sinusoidal signal that sine signal source exports, the sinusoidal signal that sine signal source is exported by vibrator
Be converted to the mechanical vibration of same frequency, pass to the wire spring that the iron block linked together and moving armature are constituted with tinsel
Oscillator, makes wire spring oscillator make longitudinal forced vibration, when intrinsic away from wire spring oscillator of the frequency of sinusoidal signal
During frequency, moving armature is the most motionless or vibration is the faintest；When the frequency of sinusoidal signal moves closer to wire spring oscillator
Natural frequency time, based on resonance principle, the Oscillation Amplitude of moving armature is gradually increased, air gap quilt when moving armature moves up and down
Change, the therefore change of the inductance value of inductance coil one and inductance coil two generating period therewith, and an increasing one subtracts, so that
Bridge output voltage the most periodically changes；
Step 4, this periodically variable bridge output voltage are after operational amplifier one amplifies, then through as output buffer
Operational amplifier two export, waveform shows on analog oscilloscope, on analog oscilloscope display screen observe amplify after
The waveform of bridge output voltage, by regulation sinusoidal signal frequency fine tuning knob, the most carefully regulation sine signal source is defeated
The frequency size of the sinusoidal signal gone out, until the wave-shape amplitude maximum of bridge output voltage, now from sinusoidal signal frequency
The frequency read on display screen is exactly resonant frequency, namely natural frequency f of wire spring oscillator；
Step 5, measure quality m of wire spring oscillator lower end direct bearing object with balance, measure vibrator and lower folder with meter ruler
Length L wiry between Tou, measures diameter d wiry with micrometer, and calculates sectional area wiry
Step 6, by length L wiry, sectional area S, quality m of wire spring oscillator lower end direct bearing object, and metal
Natural frequency f of silk spring oscillator substitutes into formulaYoung's modulus Y wiry can be obtained.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610316279.3A CN106053604A (en) | 2016-05-07 | 2016-05-07 | Experiment device and method utilizing resonance principle to measure Young modulus of metal wire |
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| CN114322728A (en) * | 2021-12-26 | 2022-04-12 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | High-bandwidth differential inductance displacement sensor |
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