CN106053268A - Experiment device and method for measuring metal wire Young modulus based on simple harmonic vibration - Google Patents

Experiment device and method for measuring metal wire Young modulus based on simple harmonic vibration Download PDF

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CN106053268A
CN106053268A CN201610323496.5A CN201610323496A CN106053268A CN 106053268 A CN106053268 A CN 106053268A CN 201610323496 A CN201610323496 A CN 201610323496A CN 106053268 A CN106053268 A CN 106053268A
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scale
tinsel
simple harmonic
platform
harmonic oscillation
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田凯
张金平
董雪峰
王二萍
张洋洋
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
    • G01N3/34—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by mechanical means, e.g. hammer blows
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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    • G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
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    • G09B23/08—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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    • G01N2203/0039—Hammer or pendulum
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    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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    • G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0098—Tests specified by its name, e.g. Charpy, Brinnel, Mullen
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0278—Thin specimens
    • G01N2203/028—One dimensional, e.g. filaments, wires, ropes or cables

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Abstract

The invention discloses an experiment device and method for measuring metal wire Young modulus based on simple harmonic vibration, relates to a Young modulus measuring device and method, and aims to solve the problems that in the conventional university physical experiments, the experiment principle for measuring metal wire Young modulus is single and abstract, and the telescope is hard to adjust. The experiment device comprises a crossbeam, which is arranged on the upper end of a support; a platform is arranged on the middle of the support; an upper clamping head and a force sensitive sensor are arranged on the middle of the crossbeam; two ends of a metal wire are respectively connected to the force sensitive sensor and a lower clamping head, and the lower clamping head is connected to an iron block. A scale is arranged on a scale base, a laser device and a photoelectrical sensor that is connected to an intelligent photoelectrical timer are arranged on the scale. According to the method, the period of simple harmonic vibration of optical spot that is formed on the scale and is generated by reflecting laser beams emitted by the laser device by a plane mirror of an optical lever is measured so as to obtain the period (T) of simple harmonic vibration of a metal wire spring vibrator, and the period (T) is substituted into a formula to calculate the metal wire Young modulus. The provided device and method are suitable for measuring metal wire Young modulus.

Description

A kind of experimental provision surveying tinsel Young's modulus based on simple harmonic oscillation and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to an Experiment of College Physics, be specifically related to a kind of survey tinsel Young mould based on simple harmonic oscillation The experimental provision of amount and method.
Background technology
Under external force, the change of shape that solid is occurred, referred to as deformation.It can be divided into elastic deformation and plastic deformation Two classes.External force removes the complete restorable deformation of energy of rear object, referred to as elastic deformation.If the external force mistake being added on object Greatly, so that after external force is removed, object can not restore to the original state completely, and leaves residual deformation, the most referred to as plastic deformation.In this reality In testing, only study elastic deformation.To this end, the size of external force should be controlled, with ensure this external force remove after object resilient. Simplest deformation is bar-like object (or tinsel) by the elongation after external force and shortening.If an a length of L of object, sectional area is S, Along its length after force F, object elongation (or shortening) is Δ L.Ratio F/S is the active force in unit are, is referred to as stressing, Which determine the deformation of object；Ratios delta L/L is the specific elongation of object, referred to as strain, and it represents the size of object deformation.Press According to Hooke's law, the elastic limit internal stress at object is directly proportional to strain, proportionality coefficientIt is referred to as Young Modulus.
Experiment shows, Young's modulus is unrelated with the size of external force F, length L of object and sectional area S, and is solely dependent upon rod The material of (or tinsel).Young's modulus is to describe an important mechanics parameter of solid material elastic deformation ability, is selected One of foundation of mechanical component material, is parameter conventional in engineering.No matter it is elastomeric material, such as various metal materials, Or fragile material, such as glass, pottery etc., or other various new materials, such as fiberglass, carbon fibre composite etc., for Ensure the use of normal safe, will measure their Young's modulus.For a long time, the Young's modulus measuring material is generally adopted Use static stretch method, typically carry out on universal testing machine.This method load is big, and loading velocity is slow, there is relaxation mistake Journey, can increase measurement error, and be difficult to fragile material measure, and measures also inconvenient under condition of different temperatures.20th century The eighties, there are people's laser-holographic interferometry and laser speckle photography method that the Young's modulus of the carbon composite of aerospace field is entered Row is measured, and carrys out the impact on Young's modulus of the research material defect with this, achieves good effect.The nineties in 20th century, power Learn Young's modulus measuring method i.e. hang wire flexural resonance method to recommend to perform as national technical standard.This method can be Measure the Young's modulus of various material in the range of bigger high/low temperature, and certainty of measurement is higher.Static method except static stretch method, Also have static twist method, the method for Static bending etc.；Dynamic method except lateral resonance, also longitudinal resonance, torsional resonance etc..Additionally also Wave speed measurement method can be used, utilize continuous wave or impulse wave to measure Young's modulus.
Although kinetics Young's modulus measuring method i.e. hang wire flexural resonance method has many good qualities, but due to theory Formula is complicated, and principle is the most readily understood, and equipment is the most more complicated, and experiment difficulty is big, therefore in Experiment of College Physics at present frequently with Static stretch method surveys tinsel Young's modulus, measures Chroococcus minutus Δ L wiry according to optical lever amplification principle, in recent years Also there are the some other more advanced micro-displacement measurement method of employing, such as current vortex sensor method, Michelson interference Instrument method, optical fibre displacement sensor method etc. measure Chroococcus minutus Δ L wiry, thus calculate tinsel Young's modulus. At present in Experiment of College Physics, the experimental project of Module by Stretching silk Young's modulus is primarily present following deficiency:
One, generally uses static stretch method to survey tinsel Young's modulus, and principle is more single.
Its two, according to optical lever amplification principle, the amplification system consisted of optical lever, telescope and scale measures metal The Chroococcus minutus of silk, although method is ingenious, but principle is more abstract, the most readily understood, and telescopical regulation difficulty is bigger, Points for attention are the most, and directly utilize telescope to carry out observing measurement by human eye, are very easy to fatigue, easily by data Mistake, affect the accuracy of measurement result.
Its three, general use counterweight to apply pulling force to tinsel, calculate pulling force with the nominal mass of counterweight inaccurate, thus Affect the accuracy of experimental result.
Its four, the plane mirror of optical lever is typically made with glass, is easily damaged in experimentation.
Its five, scale illumination apparatus typically uses small-sized straight tube daylight lamp, brightness be difficult to regulation, be easily damaged, and due to Supply unit has electric capacity, after being finished, easily makes experimenter be shocked by electricity as discharged not in time.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of survey tinsel Young mould based on simple harmonic oscillation The experimental provision of amount and method, experimental principle of the present invention is easily understood, and described experimental provision uses laser instrument to replace telescope, real Testing phenomenon very directly perceived, regulation difficulty is smaller, observe with measure more convenient.The plane mirror transparent resin material of optical lever Replace glass to make, experimentation is not easy damage.Scale illumination apparatus use LED, conveniently adjusted brightness, life-span length and It is hardly damaged.
The present invention solves the experimental provision of the survey tinsel Young's modulus based on simple harmonic oscillation that its technical problem is used Being: be included on bracket base and arrange support, pedestal upper end arranges crossbeam, arranges platform in the middle of support, and platform can move along support Moving to change position, have a circular hole, arrange upper grip and force-sensing sensor in the middle of crossbeam in the middle of platform, tinsel one end is with upper Chuck and force-sensing sensor are connected, and the other end is connected through the circular hole in the middle of platform with lower chuck, and lower chuck upper end and platform exist In same level, lower chuck is connected with iron block by attachment means, arranges electromagnet apparatus below iron block.Force-sensing sensor leads to Crossing interface to be connected with Mersure Controler, force-sensing sensor is used for measuring pulling force size suffered by tinsel, and can pass through the quick sensing of power Device is measured display screen and is shown.Electromagnet apparatus is used for applying pulling force in iron block to tinsel by magneticaction, then releases Put, so that iron block does simple harmonic oscillation under tinsel effect, and can be regulated by electromagnet apparatus operating current adjusting knob Pulling force size.Optical lever is placed on platform, and the plane mirror transparent resin material of optical lever is made, and two front foots are at the translot of platform In, metapedes is placed on lower chuck.Arranging scale on scale base, scale arranges laser instrument, laser instrument can move along scale To change position, laser instrument is connected with laser controller by interface, can regulate laser by operating current adjusting knob The operating current of device.Arranging scale illumination apparatus inside scale, scale illumination apparatus uses LED, and conveniently adjusted brightness, the life-span is long And be hardly damaged, scale illumination apparatus is connected with scale illuminator controller, can regulate brightness by brightness regulation knob.At mark On chi, the underface near laser instrument arranges a photoelectric sensor, and photoelectric sensor can move to change position, photoelectricity along scale Sensor is connected with intelligent opto-electrical timer by interface, is opened by intelligent opto-electrical timer display screen, intelligent opto-electrical timer Stop button and intelligent opto-electrical timer function switching key, the wire spring oscillator that iron block and tinsel constitute can be measured and do The cycle of simple harmonic oscillation.
Tinsel Young's modulus surveyed by the experimental provision surveying tinsel Young's modulus based on simple harmonic oscillation of the present invention Experimental technique, the detailed process of the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, adjusting pole base and scale base, make distance therebetween be more than 1 meter, by sighting-level, Adjusting base leveling serew, make bracket base and platform be up to the standard, lower chuck is not collided with platform, makes scale reach vertical shape State, the brightness of regulation scale illumination apparatus, make scale brightness suitable；
Step 2, optical lever being placed on platform, two front foots are in the translot of platform, and metapedes is placed on lower chuck, but not Will collide with tinsel, the plane mirror making optical lever is vertical with platform；
Step 3, the operating current of laser instrument is regulated suitable, move left and right scale base, or make laser instrument along scale Lower mobile change position, make laser beam energy horizontal exit that laser instrument sends and impinge perpendicularly on the plane mirror of optical lever, I.e. reflection luminous energy is along backtracking perforation hole；
Step 4, make electromagnet apparatus work, apply pulling force in iron block to tinsel by magneticaction, by regulation electricity Magnet arrangement operating current, makes pulling force size to fit, then makes electromagnet apparatus quit work, so that iron block and tinsel structure The wire spring oscillator become starts to do simple harmonic oscillation, and under iron block drives, lower chuck, the metapedes of optical lever and plane mirror are together Do simple harmonic oscillation, the hot spot also that the laser beam that therefore laser instrument sends is formed after the plane mirror of optical lever reflects on scale Rise on scale, do simple harmonic oscillation up and down；
Step 5, photoelectric sensor is made to move change position along scale so that it is to be positioned at the underface of laser instrument, and at light Speckle does on the path of simple harmonic oscillation, utilizes intelligent opto-electrical timer measuring hot spot to do on scale the cycle of simple harmonic oscillation, specifically Process is, makes intelligent opto-electrical timer start working by intelligent opto-electrical timer start and stop button, through after a while, then passes through Intelligent opto-electrical timer start and stop button makes intelligent opto-electrical timer quit work, and is pressed by the switching of intelligent opto-electrical timer function Key, can show on intelligent opto-electrical timer display screen that hot spot, through the number of times of photoelectric sensor and corresponding time, enters respectively And hot spot can be calculated on scale, do the cycle T of simple harmonic oscillation, i.e. wire spring oscillator does the cycle of simple harmonic oscillation T；
Step 6, make iron block stop vibration, treat stable after, measure pulling force suffered by tinsel by force-sensing sensor big Little, and shown by force-sensing sensor measurement display screen, it is simply that suffered by the object of wire spring oscillator lower end direct bearing Gravity, and then its quality m can be obtained；
Step 7, measure length L wiry between force-sensing sensor and lower chuck with meter ruler, measure tinsel with micrometer Diameter d, and calculate its sectional area
Step 8, by length L wiry, sectional area S, quality m of wire spring oscillator lower end direct bearing object, and Wire spring oscillator does the cycle T of simple harmonic oscillation and substitutes into formulaYoung's modulus Y wiry can be obtained.
The theoretical basis surveying tinsel Young's modulus based on simple harmonic oscillation:
If an a length of L of tinsel, sectional area is S, and Young's modulus is Y, applies pulling force F, wire elongation along its length Amount is the active force in unit are for Δ L, ratio F/S, is referred to as stressing, which determines deformation wiry；Ratios delta L/L is Specific elongation wiry, referred to as strain, it represents the size of tinsel deformation.According to Hooke's law, in elasticity wiry Limit internal stress is directly proportional to strain, proportionality coefficient i.e. Young's modulus Y, i.e.
F S = Y · Δ L L - - - ( 1 )
(1) formula is become
F = Y S L · Δ L - - - ( 2 )
According to (2) formula as, this tinsel can be regarded a coefficient of elasticitySpring.This wire spring is erected Directly hanging, the object that a mass is m is fastened in lower end, then wire spring and this object constitute a wire spring oscillator, and giving should System applies certain pulling force, then discharges, then in the vertical direction is done simple harmonic oscillation by object, and its cycle can be by spring oscillator Period Formula is obtained, i.e.
T = 2 π m k - - - ( 3 )
By the coefficient of elasticity of wire spring(3) formula of substitution, can do simple harmonic oscillation by this wire spring oscillator Time cycle be
T = 2 π L m Y S - - - ( 4 )
According to (4) formula, Young's modulus Y wiry can be obtained, i.e.
Y = 4 π 2 L m T 2 S - - - ( 5 )
According to (5) formula, as long as measuring length L wiry, sectional area S, the object that wire spring oscillator lower end is fastened Quality m, and cycle T when wire spring oscillator does simple harmonic oscillation, it is possible to substitute into formula and obtain Young wiry Modulus Y.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
One, the present invention proposes a kind of method of new survey tinsel Young's modulus based on simple harmonic oscillation, the method with It is different that the static stretch method surveying tinsel Young's modulus generally used in Physical Experiments also exists essence, and the party The experimental principle of method institute foundation is the simplest, it is simply that common mass-spring model, just has been directed to relevant in high school physics class Formula, also has detailed analysis, is easily understood in course of University Physics.If therefore this invention being incorporated into Physical Experiments In, it is remarkably contributing to abundant Experiment of College Physics content, the thinking of open student, the initiative spirit of training student, strengthens student Use knowledge problem-solving ability flexibly.
Its two, the present invention propose based on simple harmonic oscillation survey tinsel Young's modulus experimental provision the most uncomplicated, Improve a little on the basis of existing experimental provision, be easier to realize.
Its three, the experimental provision that the present invention proposes uses laser instrument to replace telescope, and easily dimmable, experimental phenomena is directly perceived, Observe more convenient with measurement.
Its four, in the experimental provision that the present invention proposes, the plane mirror transparent resin material of optical lever is made, experimentation In be not easy damage.
Its five, the present invention propose experimental provision in scale illumination apparatus use LED, conveniently adjusted brightness, the life-span is long And be hardly damaged.
Its six, the experimental provision that the present invention proposes uses electromagnet apparatus to make the wire spring that iron block and tinsel are constituted Oscillator does simple harmonic oscillation, easy to operate.
Its seven, the experimental provision that the present invention proposes measures pulling force size suffered by tinsel by force-sensing sensor, and leads to Cross force-sensing sensor measurement display screen to show, can conveniently monitor pulling force suffered by tinsel, it is to avoid exceed elastic limit；Pass through Survey the gravity suffered by object of wire spring oscillator lower end direct bearing, and then obtain its quality m, accurately facilitate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention is further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Accompanying drawing is the structural representation of the present invention.
1. crossbeam in figure, 2. upper grip, 3. force-sensing sensor, 4. force-sensing sensor Mersure Controler, 5. force-sensing sensor Measure display screen, 6. zeroing knob, 7. measure and start button, 8. scale, 9. scale illumination apparatus, 10. scale illuminator controller, 11. brightness regulation knobs, 12. scale illuminator switch buttons, 13. laser instrument, 14. laser controllers, 15. laser works Current adjusting knob, 16. platforms, 17. supports, 18. optical levers, 19. lower chucks, 20. iron blocks, 21. bracket bases, 22. supports Base level gauge, 23. bracket base leveling serews, 24. scale bases, 25. scale base level gauges, 26. scale base leveling Screw, 27. tinsels, 28. photoelectric sensors, 29. intelligent opto-electrical timers, 30. intelligent opto-electrical timer display screens, 31. intelligence Energy phototimer start and stop button, 32. intelligent opto-electrical timer function switching keys, 33. electromagnet apparatus, 34. electric magnet dresses Put operating current adjusting knob, 35. electromagnet apparatus switch keys, 36. attachment means.
Detailed description of the invention
In figure, arranging support 17 on bracket base 21, support 17 upper end arranges and arranges platform in the middle of crossbeam 1, support 17 16, platform 16 can move to change position along support 17, has in the middle of platform 16 in the middle of a circular hole, crossbeam 1 arrange upper grip 2 and Force-sensing sensor 3, tinsel 27 one end is connected with upper grip 2 and force-sensing sensor 3, and the other end is through the circular hole in the middle of platform 16 Being connected with lower chuck 19, lower chuck 19 upper end and platform 16 are in same level, and lower chuck 19 is by attachment means 36 and ferrum Block 20 is connected, and arranges electromagnet apparatus 33 below iron block 20.Force-sensing sensor 3 is by interface and force-sensing sensor Mersure Controler 4 are connected, and force-sensing sensor 3 is used for measuring pulling force size suffered by tinsel 27, and it is aobvious to measure display screen 5 by force-sensing sensor Illustrate.Electromagnet apparatus 33 is used for applying pulling force in iron block 20 to tinsel 27 by magneticaction, then discharges, so that Iron block 20 does simple harmonic oscillation under tinsel 27 acts on, and can regulate pulling force by electromagnet apparatus operating current adjusting knob 34 Size.Optical lever 18 is placed on platform 16, and the plane mirror transparent resin material of optical lever 18 is made, and two front foots are at platform 16 In translot, metapedes is placed on lower chuck 19.Scale base 24 arranges scale 8, scale 8 arranges laser instrument 13, laser instrument 13 can move to change position along scale 8, and laser instrument 13 is connected with laser controller 14 by interface, passes through laser works Current adjusting knob 15 can regulate the operating current of laser instrument.Scale 8 is internal arranges scale illumination apparatus 9, and scale illumination apparatus 9 is adopted By LED, conveniently adjusted brightness, life-span length and being hardly damaged, scale illumination apparatus 9 is connected with scale illuminator controller 10, Brightness can be regulated by brightness regulation knob 11.On scale 8, the underface near laser instrument 13 arranges a photoelectric sensor 28, photoelectric sensor 28 can move to change position along scale 8, and photoelectric sensor 28 is by interface and intelligent opto-electrical timer 29 It is connected, by intelligent opto-electrical timer display screen 30, intelligent opto-electrical timer start and stop button 31 and intelligent opto-electrical timer function Switching key 32, can measure iron block 20 and do the cycle of simple harmonic oscillation under tinsel 27 acts on.
Specific experiment operating procedure is:
(1) adjusting pole base 21 and scale base 24, makes distance therebetween more than 1 meter.By observing bracket bottom Seat level gauge 22, the bracket base leveling serew 23 on adjusting pole base 21, make bracket base 21 and platform 16 be up to the standard, Lower chuck 19 is not collided with platform 16.By observing scale base level gauge 25, adjust the scale base on scale base 24 and adjust Flat screw 26, makes scale 8 reach vertical state.By brightness regulation knob 11 regulation scale on scale illuminator controller 10 The brightness of illumination apparatus 9, makes scale 8 brightness suitable.
(2) optical lever 18 being placed on platform 16, two front foots are in the translot of platform 16, and metapedes is placed on lower chuck 19, But not colliding with tinsel 27, the plane mirror making optical lever 18 is vertical with platform 16.
(3) regulate the operating current of laser instrument 13 properly by laser works current adjusting knob 15, move left and right mark Chi base 24, or make laser instrument 13 move up and down change position along scale 8, make the laser beam energy horizontal exit that laser instrument 13 sends And impinge perpendicularly on the plane mirror of optical lever 18, i.e. reflection luminous energy is along backtracking perforation hole.
(4) make electromagnet apparatus 33 work by electromagnet apparatus switch key 35, given in iron block 20 by magneticaction Tinsel 27 applies pulling force, and observes pulling force size suffered by tinsel 27, by regulation by force-sensing sensor measurement display screen 5 The operating current of electromagnet apparatus operating current adjusting knob 34 regulating magnet device 33, makes pulling force size to fit, then leads to Crossing electromagnet apparatus switch key 35 makes electromagnet apparatus 33 quit work, so that the metal that iron block 20 and tinsel 27 are constituted Silk spring oscillator starts to do simple harmonic oscillation.Under iron block 20 drives, lower chuck 19, the metapedes of optical lever 18 and plane mirror do together Simple harmonic oscillation, the hot spot that the laser beam that therefore laser instrument 13 sends is formed after the plane mirror of optical lever 18 reflects on scale 8 Simple harmonic oscillation is done the most together up and down on scale 8.
(5) photoelectric sensor 28 is made to move change position along scale 8 so that it is to be positioned at the underface of laser instrument 13, and Hot spot does on the path of simple harmonic oscillation.Utilize intelligent opto-electrical timer 29 to measure hot spot on scale 8, do the cycle of simple harmonic oscillation, Detailed process is: make intelligent opto-electrical timer 29 start working by intelligent opto-electrical timer start and stop button 31, through one section time Between, then make intelligent opto-electrical timer 29 quit work, by intelligent opto-electrical timing by intelligent opto-electrical timer start and stop button 31 Device function switching key 32, can show respectively on intelligent opto-electrical timer display screen 30 hot spot through photoelectric sensor 28 time Number and corresponding time, and then hot spot can be calculated on scale 8, do the cycle T of simple harmonic oscillation, i.e. wire spring shakes Son does the cycle T of simple harmonic oscillation.
(6) make iron block 20 stop vibration, after waiting to stablize, measure pulling force suffered by tinsel 27 by force-sensing sensor 3 big Little, and shown by force-sensing sensor measurement display screen 5, it is simply that suffered by the object of wire spring oscillator lower end direct bearing Gravity, and then its quality m can be obtained.
(7) measure length L of tinsel 27 between force-sensing sensor 3 and lower chuck 19 with meter ruler, measure metal with micrometer The diameter d of silk 27, and calculate its sectional area
(8) by length L of tinsel 27, sectional area S, quality m of wire spring oscillator lower end direct bearing object, Yi Jijin Belong to silk spring oscillator and do the cycle T substitution formula of simple harmonic oscillationYoung's modulus Y wiry can be obtained.
Above the present invention is set forth, but the most conditional intention of embodiment that the present invention is introduced, not Deviating from the range of present subject matter, the present invention can have multiple changing and modifications.

Claims (4)

1. the experimental provision surveying tinsel Young's modulus based on simple harmonic oscillation, it is characterised in that it is included in bracket bottom Arranging support on Zuo, pedestal upper end arranges crossbeam, arranges platform in the middle of support, and platform can move to change position along support, flat Have a circular hole in the middle of platform, upper grip and force-sensing sensor, tinsel one end and upper grip and power quick sensing are set in the middle of crossbeam Device is connected, and the other end is connected through the circular hole in the middle of platform with lower chuck, lower chuck upper end and platform in same level, under Chuck is connected with iron block by attachment means, arranges electromagnet apparatus below iron block；Force-sensing sensor is controlled with measuring by interface Device processed is connected, and force-sensing sensor is used for measuring pulling force size suffered by tinsel, and can measure display screen display by force-sensing sensor Illustrate；Electromagnet apparatus is used for applying pulling force in iron block to tinsel by magneticaction, then discharges, so that iron block exists Do simple harmonic oscillation under tinsel effect, and pulling force size can be regulated by electromagnet apparatus operating current adjusting knob；Optical lever Being placed on platform, two front foots are in the translot of platform, and metapedes is placed on lower chuck；
Arranging scale on scale base, scale arranges laser instrument, laser instrument can move to change position, laser instrument along scale It is connected with laser controller by interface, the operating current of laser instrument can be regulated by operating current adjusting knob；Scale Inside arranges scale illumination apparatus, and scale illumination apparatus is connected with scale illuminator controller, can be regulated by brightness regulation knob Brightness；On scale, the underface near laser instrument arranges a photoelectric sensor, and photoelectric sensor can move to change along scale Position, photoelectric sensor is connected with intelligent opto-electrical timer, by intelligent opto-electrical timer display screen, intelligent opto-electrical by interface Timer start and stop button and intelligent opto-electrical timer function switching key, can measure the tinsel bullet that iron block is constituted with tinsel Spring oscillator does the cycle of simple harmonic oscillation.
The experimental provision surveying tinsel Young's modulus based on simple harmonic oscillation the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that The plane mirror transparent resin material of optical lever is made.
The experimental provision surveying tinsel Young's modulus based on simple harmonic oscillation the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Scale illumination apparatus uses LED.
Tinsel Young surveyed by the experimental provision surveying tinsel Young's modulus based on simple harmonic oscillation the most according to claim 1 The experimental technique of modulus, it is characterised in that the detailed process of the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, adjusting pole base and scale base, make distance therebetween more than 1 meter, by sighting-level, adjust Base leveling serew, makes bracket base and platform be up to the standard, and lower chuck is not collided with platform, makes scale reach vertical state, The brightness of regulation scale illumination apparatus, makes scale brightness suitable；
Step 2, optical lever being placed on platform, two front foots are in the translot of platform, and metapedes is placed on lower chuck, but not with Tinsel is collided, and the plane mirror making optical lever is vertical with platform；
Step 3, the operating current of laser instrument is regulated suitable, move left and right scale base, or make laser instrument move down along scale Dynamic change position, make laser beam energy horizontal exit that laser instrument sends and impinge perpendicularly on the plane mirror of optical lever, the most instead Penetrate luminous energy along backtracking perforation hole；
Step 4, make electromagnet apparatus work, apply pulling force in iron block to tinsel by magneticaction, pass through regulating magnet Device operating current, makes pulling force size to fit, then makes electromagnet apparatus quit work, so that what iron block and tinsel were constituted Wire spring oscillator starts to do simple harmonic oscillation, and under iron block drives, lower chuck, the metapedes of optical lever and plane mirror do letter together Harmonic motion, the hot spot that the laser beam that therefore laser instrument sends is formed after the plane mirror of optical lever reflects on scale exists the most together Simple harmonic oscillation is done up and down on scale；
Step 5, make photoelectric sensor along scale move change position so that it is be positioned at the underface of laser instrument, and do at hot spot On the path of simple harmonic oscillation, intelligent opto-electrical timer measuring hot spot is utilized to do the cycle of simple harmonic oscillation, detailed process on scale It is to make intelligent opto-electrical timer start working by intelligent opto-electrical timer start and stop button, through after a while, then by intelligence Phototimer start and stop button makes intelligent opto-electrical timer quit work, by intelligent opto-electrical timer function switching key, and can Intelligent opto-electrical timer display screen showing, hot spot through the number of times of photoelectric sensor and corresponding time and then permissible respectively It is calculated hot spot on scale, to do the cycle T of simple harmonic oscillation, i.e. wire spring oscillator do the cycle T of simple harmonic oscillation；
Step 6, make iron block stop vibration, treat stable after, measure pulling force size suffered by tinsel by force-sensing sensor, and Measure display screen by force-sensing sensor to show, it is simply that the weight suffered by object of wire spring oscillator lower end direct bearing Power, and then its quality m can be obtained；
Step 7, measure length L wiry between force-sensing sensor and lower chuck with meter ruler, with micrometer measure wiry directly Footpath d, and calculate its sectional area
Step 8, by length L wiry, sectional area S, quality m of wire spring oscillator lower end direct bearing object, and metal Silk spring oscillator does the cycle T of simple harmonic oscillation and substitutes into formulaYoung's modulus Y wiry can be obtained.
CN201610323496.5A 2016-05-10 2016-05-10 Experiment device and method for measuring metal wire Young modulus based on simple harmonic vibration Pending CN106053268A (en)

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CN111238937A (en) * 2020-02-27 2020-06-05 上海含骏自动化设备有限公司 Metal wire fatigue test device
CN111693378A (en) * 2020-07-31 2020-09-22 西京学院 Device for measuring Young modulus of metal wire
CN113514346A (en) * 2021-07-15 2021-10-19 湖南大学 Device and method for measuring shear modulus of material

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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109238906A (en) * 2018-09-16 2019-01-18 金华职业技术学院 A kind of adsorbent test device
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CN111238937A (en) * 2020-02-27 2020-06-05 上海含骏自动化设备有限公司 Metal wire fatigue test device
CN111693378A (en) * 2020-07-31 2020-09-22 西京学院 Device for measuring Young modulus of metal wire
CN113514346A (en) * 2021-07-15 2021-10-19 湖南大学 Device and method for measuring shear modulus of material

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Application publication date: 20161026