CN106052731A - Novel fiber sensing head and sensor - Google Patents

Novel fiber sensing head and sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106052731A
CN106052731A CN201610677251.2A CN201610677251A CN106052731A CN 106052731 A CN106052731 A CN 106052731A CN 201610677251 A CN201610677251 A CN 201610677251A CN 106052731 A CN106052731 A CN 106052731A
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Prior art keywords
optical fiber
mode
sensor head
mode fiber
fiber
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CN201610677251.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
崖海娇
简碧园
刘永梅
梁奂晖
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Guangzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology
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Guangzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201610677251.2A priority Critical patent/CN106052731A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel fiber sensing head and a sensor. The fiber sensing head comprises an input single-mode optical fiber, a first multi-mode optical fiber, a central single-mode optical fiber, a second multi-mode optical fiber and an output single-mode optical fiber, wherein the input single-mode optical fiber, the first multi-mode optical fiber, the central single-mode optical fiber, the second multi-mode optical fiber and the output single-mode optical fiber are sequentially welded in an aligned manner. The fiber sensor comprises a broadband light source, the fiber sensing head, a spectrograph, and a processor. The fiber sensing head is advantageous in that only the single-mode and multi-mode fibers are used in the manufacture process of the fiber sensing head; the fiber sensing head employs simple welding operation, is simple in manufacture technology, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.

Description

A kind of novel optical fiber sensor head and sensor
Technical field
The present invention relates to Fibre Optical Sensor manufacturing technology field, particularly relate to a kind of novel optical fiber sensor head and sensing Device.
Background technology
Along with the development of New Sci-and Tech-Revolution, how the mankind obtain information accurately and reliably in the information age, are current Matter of utmost importance to be solved during utilizing information, and sensor is the main path of acquisition information, therefore sensing technology It it is the important content of information age.
Optical fiber sensing technology, using light as carrier, realizes sensing as transmission medium to tested parameter using optical fiber.Optical fiber passes The electrical insulation capability of sensor is good, and anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, Noninvasive, high sensitivity, and easily realize measured signal is remote Distance detection;Also include corrosion-resistant, explosion-proof, light path deflection, it is simple to the plurality of advantages such as computer couples, be particularly suited for strong Environmental monitoring under electromagnetic interference, the adverse circumstances such as inflammable and explosive.Advantage just because of these uniquenesses has greatly promoted light The development of fine sensing technology, meets the needs of modern measure technology;The parameter that Fibre Optical Sensor can be measured is the most, including Temperature, refractive index, humidity, strain, displacement, curvature, acceleration, pH value etc..
In recent years, Fibre Optical Sensor based on intermode interference principle had worldwide obtained paying close attention to widely and grinding Studying carefully, have wide development space, all-fiber of various new is developed at line style interferometer, the most double peanut shaped optical fiber Interferometer, optical fiber draw tapered interferometer and fibre optic interferometer based on core diameter mismatch.But they all only considered account for leading The cladding mode of status is interfered with core mode, and have ignored the interference of other weak cladding mode excited and core mode, and they prices Expensive stability is relatively low and range of application is narrower.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel optical fiber sensor head, It is simple and compact for structure and highly sensitive.
The two of the purpose of the present invention are to provide a kind of novel Fibre Optical Sensor, its simple and compact for structure and sensitivity High.
An object of the present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
A kind of novel optical fiber sensor head, including successively to the input single-mode fiber of heart welding, the first multimode fibre, centre Single-mode fiber, the second multimode fibre and output single-mode fiber.
As preferably, described input single-mode fiber, middle single-mode fiber and output single-mode fiber are and remove coat Single-mode fiber.
As preferably, described first multimode fibre and the second multimode fibre are the multimode fibre removing coat.
As preferably, the core diameter of described input single-mode fiber, middle single-mode fiber and output single-mode fiber is 9um, cladding diameter is 125um.
As preferably, a length of 25um-35um of described middle single-mode fiber.
As preferably, the core diameter of described first multimode fibre and the second multimode fibre is 105um, and cladding diameter is equal For 125um.
As preferably, the length of described first multimode fibre and the second multimode fibre is 2um-4um.
The two of the purpose of the present invention realize by the following technical solutions:
A kind of novel Fibre Optical Sensor, including optical fiber sensor head, wideband light source, spectrogrph and processor;Wideband light source, Optical fiber sensor head, spectrogrph and processor are sequentially connected with.
Compared to existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention is: in the manufacturing process of optical fiber sensor head, only used list Mode fiber and multimode fibre, employing is also simple fusing operation, and processing technology is simple, is suitable for large-scale promotion application.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the module connection figure of the novel Fibre Optical Sensor of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the optical fiber sensor head of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the optical fiber sensor head of present invention transmission spectrum under different refractivity environment;
Fig. 4 is the Δ λ of the optical fiber sensor head of the present inventionA、ΔλBGraph of relation one with refractive index;
Fig. 5 is the optical fiber sensor head transmission spectrum at different temperatures of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the Δ λ of the optical fiber sensor head of the present inventionA、ΔλBGraph of relation two with refractive index;
Fig. 7 is that trough A Yu B of the optical fiber sensor head of the present invention changes over curve.
In figure: 10, input single-mode fiber;11, middle single-mode fiber;12, output single-mode fiber;21, the first multimode fibre; 22, the second multimode fibre.
Detailed description of the invention
Below, in conjunction with accompanying drawing and detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described further:
A kind of novel Fibre Optical Sensor, be applied to as it is shown in figure 1, include wideband light source, optical fiber sensor head, spectrogrph and Processor;Described wideband light source is the ASE wideband light source of C-band;Described processor can be but not limited to computer or signal Processor.
As in figure 2 it is shown, optical fiber sensor head includes two sections of multimode fibres and three section single-mould fibers, it is respectively as follows: the first multimode light Fine 21, second multimode fibre 22, input single-mode fiber 10, middle single-mode fiber 11 and output single-mode fiber 12;Input single-mode optics Fine 10, first multimode fibre 21, middle single-mode fiber the 11, second multimode fibre 22 and output single-mode fiber 12 are sequentially connected with.Institute State the first multimode fibre 21 and the second multimode fibre 22 is the multimode fibre removing coat;Described input single-mode fiber 10, Middle single-mode fiber 11 and output single-mode fiber 12 are the single-mode fiber removing coat.
Wideband light source and input single-mode fiber 10 connect, and output single-mode fiber 12, spectrogrph and processor are sequentially connected with.
Connection between single-mode fiber and multimode fibre is heart welding, particularly as follows: input single-mode fiber 10 and first Multimode fibre 21 to heart welding, the first multimode fibre 21 and middle single-mode fiber 11 to heart welding, middle single-mode fiber 11 and the Two multimode fibres 22 are to heart welding, and the second multimode fibre 22 and output single-mode fiber 12 are to heart welding.
All carrying out welding by FITEL S178 type optical fiber splicer between single-mode fiber and multimode fibre, welding pattern is selected Take the SM-MM welding pattern that heat sealing machine carries, discharge power during welding and be set to discharge time 142w and 3000ms。。
The core diameter of described first multimode fibre 21 is 105um, and cladding diameter is 125um, a length of 2um-4um.
The core diameter of described second multimode fibre 22 is 105um, and cladding diameter is 125um, a length of 2um-4um.
The core diameter of described input single-mode fiber 10 is 9um, and cladding diameter is 125um.
The core diameter of described output single-mode fiber 12 is 9um, and cladding diameter is 125um.
The core diameter of described middle single-mode fiber 11 is 9um, and cladding diameter is 125um, a length of 25um-35um.
This based on intermode interference principle the Fibre Optical Sensor that the present invention proposes, simple in construction, compact, and sensitivity High.Only having used single-mode fiber and multimode fibre in the manufacturing process of optical fiber sensor head, employing is also simple welding behaviour Making, processing technology is simple.Use different cladding modes and core mode in principle to interfere and realize the same of refractive index and temperature Time measure, can cross over the restriction of interference order, thus reduce the requirement to light source bandwidth, and then reduce system cost, be suitable for big Scale popularization and application.
The optical fiber sensor head of the present invention is put into the refractive index measuring optical fiber sensor head in the NaCl solution of variable concentrations, light Fine sensing head is immersed in the NaCl solution that temperature remains 25 DEG C all the time.It is first 3% to start to measure from concentration, often measures and once tie Optical fiber sensor head is cleaned up by bundle distilled water, then the solution changing variable concentrations measures.Measure each time, NaCl solution Concentration all ratio front one-shot measurement raise 3%, until the concentration of NaCl solution reaches 21%.Then optical fiber sensor head is distilled Water immerses in the NaCl solution that concentration is 9% after cleaning, and uses water bath Method to heat, and temperature is from 25 DEG C to 85 DEG C every Record a transmission spectrum every 5 DEG C, test the temperature-responsive of optical fiber sensor head with this;As it is shown on figure 3, be above-mentioned measurement process Obtain the transmission spectrum of optical fiber sensor head under different refractivity environment.
From figure 3, it can be seen that along with the raised feature wavelength of extraneous refractive index moves to short wavelength direction, main cause is Along with the effective refractive index increasing cladding mode of extraneous refractive index increases and the effective refractive index of core mode is constant, cause core mode Poor with the effective refractive index of cladding mode diminish.Increasing with extraneous refractive index, the contrast of interference fringe is being gradually reduced simultaneously, this Being because cladding mode in the solution presented in evanescent wave, when solution refractive index increases, the loss of cladding mode also can increase Greatly.The trough A (1525.17nm) and trough B (1538.67nm) of labelling in Fig. 3 are carried out wavelength shift measurement obtained not With the Δ λ under refractive index environmentAWith Δ λB, as shown in table 1;
Table 1
Refractive index ΔλA(nm) ΔλB(nm)
1.3105 0 0
1.3208 -0.25 -0.09
1.3259 -0.4 0.14
1.3311 -0.59 -0.21
1.3362 -0.8 -0.25
1.3414 -1.13 -0.36
1.3465 -1.31 -0.42
1.3517 -1.47 -0.5
As shown in Figure 4, for the Δ λ in the table 1 of matchingA、ΔλBGraph of relation with refractive index.
Matched curve shows that the wavelength variable quantity of trough A and trough B and ambient refractive index present good linear relationship, intends Syzygy number is R2=0.98, and to obtain sensitivity when carrying out refractometry with trough A and trough B be KA,RI=- 37.9322nm/RIU and KB,RI=-12.3527nm/RIU.
Main causes different with trough B refractive index sensitivity for trough A is that they are done with core mode by different cladding modes Relate to formation.Under normal circumstances, different cladding modes has different mode distributions, and high-order cladding mode lower-order cladding mode has more Big mode field diameter and being affected more susceptible to external environment variations in refractive index, the most also has higher refractive index sensitive Degree.
Fig. 5 is to have obtained the transmission spectrum of optical fiber sensor head under different temperatures environment during above-mentioned measurement, as seen from the figure with The rising of ambient temperature, trough A and B all moves to long wavelength direction, this is because along with the rising of ambient temperature, core mode Change poor with cladding mode effective refractive index is big.In addition, the contrast of trough A and B presents different when variation of ambient temperature Variation tendency, along with the contrast of the rising trough A of temperature, to become larger the contrast of trough B the most almost unchanged, this be by Mode coupling index variation causes.The trough A and trough B of labelling in Fig. 5 are carried out wavelength shift measurement and obtains not equality of temperature Δ λ under degree environmentAWith Δ λB, as shown in table 2;
Table 2
Temperature (DEG C) ΔλA(nm) ΔλB(nm)
85 0 0
80 -0.15 -0.23
75 -0.35 -0.48
70 -0.58 -0.81
65 -0.73 -1.06
60 -0.92 -1.3
55 -1.41 -1.59
50 -1.34 -1.86
45 -1.62 -2.16
40 -1.84 -2.48
35 -2.1 -2.65
30 -2.34 -2.91
25 -2.61 -3.2
As shown in Figure 6, for the Δ λ in the table 2 of matchingA、ΔλBGraph of relation with refractive index.
Matched curve shows that the wavelength shift of trough A and trough B and ambient temperature present good linear relationship, matching Coefficient is all up to R2=0.99, and to obtain sensitivity when carrying out temperature survey with trough A and trough B be KA,T= 0.0437nm/ DEG C and KB,T=0.0542nm/ DEG C.Due to the existence of thermo-optic effect, the refractive index of NaCl solution can be along with temperature Changing and change, the temperature control therefore recorded actually individually is changed the NaCl solution caused with variations in temperature by temperature The coefficient result of variations in refractive index;In view of thermo-optic effect, the calculating formula of temperature control is as follows:
K m , T = K ~ m , T + K m , R I · R R I , T , ( m = A , B ) ;
WhereinFor pure temperature control, RRI,TFor the thermo-optical coeffecient of NaCl, RRI,T=-1.6065 × 10-4-1。 Then the pure temperature control that can calculate trough A and trough B is 0.0376nm/ DEG C and 0.0522nm/ DEG C.So far, according to Refractometry experiment and temperature survey experiment, recorded refractive index sensitivity and the temperature control of trough A and B.Then may be used With by the wavelength shift Δ λ of trough A and BA、ΔλBThe square being written as with the relation of refractive index variable quantity and temperature variation Formation formula:
The most only need to record the wavelength shift Δ λ of trough A and BA、ΔλB, it is possible to above-mentioned matrix calculus go out refractive index and The variable quantity of temperature, thus measure while realizing temperature and refractive index.
In order to further illustrate the feasibility of the present invention, this optical fiber sensor head is done stability test;At room temperature will This optical fiber sensor head is placed in the NaCl solution that concentration is 12% holding one hour, records one group of data every two minutes, surveys The value relation over time of trough A and B of amount, as shown in Figure 7.The standard deviation that can be calculated trough A and B is respectively 0.05nm and 0.01nm, this little deviation is mainly caused by light source and the factor such as the instability of detector and variations in temperature 's;Thus can illustrate that this optical fiber sensor head has excellent stability.
Sensor of the invention has such advantages as and technique effect:
1) temperature and refractive index can be measured the most simultaneously, eliminate inaccuracy and sensor-based system that one-parameter is measured Measurement error that in internal light path branch, different losses cause, reduce the impact that measurement is brought by external environment change, improve Certainty of measurement.
2) sensor of the invention has measurement solution concentration and temperature range is big, the advantage that resolution is high.
3) sensor of the invention can reduce the requirement to light source bandwidth, and then reduces system cost.
4) sensor of the invention simple in construction, easy to operate, is suitable for large-scale promotion application.
5) industrial processes that sensor of the invention can be used for refractive index and temperature changes are supervised in real time Control.
6) sensor of the invention is in addition to for general liquid detecting, it may also be used for trace, dangerous liquid detect.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that can technical scheme as described above and design, make other various Corresponding change and deformation, and all these change and deformation all should belong to the protection domain of the claims in the present invention Within.

Claims (8)

1. a novel optical fiber sensor head, it is characterised in that include input single-mode fiber, the first multimode successively to heart welding Optical fiber, middle single-mode fiber, the second multimode fibre and output single-mode fiber.
2. optical fiber sensor head as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described input single-mode fiber, middle single-mode fiber and Output single-mode fiber is the single-mode fiber removing coat.
3. optical fiber sensor head as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described input single-mode fiber, middle single-mode fiber Being 9um with the core diameter of output single-mode fiber, cladding diameter is 125um.
4. optical fiber sensor head as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that a length of 25um-of described middle single-mode fiber 35um。
5. optical fiber sensor head as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the first multimode fibre and the second multimode fibre are Multimode fibre except coat.
6. the optical fiber sensor head as described in claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that the first multimode fibre and the second multimode fibre Core diameter is 105um, and cladding diameter is 125um.
7. optical fiber sensor head as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described first multimode fibre and the second multimode fibre Length is 2um-4um.
8. a novel Fibre Optical Sensor, it is characterised in that include the optical fiber sensor head described in claim 1, wideband light source, Spectrogrph and processor;Wideband light source, optical fiber sensor head, spectrogrph and processor are sequentially connected with.
CN201610677251.2A 2016-08-16 2016-08-16 Novel fiber sensing head and sensor Pending CN106052731A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111829756A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-10-27 维度(东莞)光电科技有限公司 Polarity check out test set fiber connector

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CN102393220A (en) * 2011-10-18 2012-03-28 哈尔滨工程大学 SMS (single mode-multimode-single mode) optical fiber structural duplexing sensor
CN102928002A (en) * 2012-10-25 2013-02-13 天津理工大学 Multi-parameter optical fiber sensor based on optical fiber intermodal interference and polarization maintaining optical fiber grating
CN203083927U (en) * 2013-01-25 2013-07-24 中国计量学院 Optical fiber refraction index sensor based on single mode, fine core, multi-mode and single mode structure
CN103344263A (en) * 2013-06-21 2013-10-09 华中科技大学 Interferometric fiber-optical sensor based on core shift structure and manufacturing method thereof
CN103528609A (en) * 2013-11-06 2014-01-22 天津理工大学 Combined interference type multi-parameter optical fiber sensor
WO2015163963A2 (en) * 2014-02-10 2015-10-29 University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. Multicore optical fiber apparatus, methods, and applications

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102393220A (en) * 2011-10-18 2012-03-28 哈尔滨工程大学 SMS (single mode-multimode-single mode) optical fiber structural duplexing sensor
CN102928002A (en) * 2012-10-25 2013-02-13 天津理工大学 Multi-parameter optical fiber sensor based on optical fiber intermodal interference and polarization maintaining optical fiber grating
CN203083927U (en) * 2013-01-25 2013-07-24 中国计量学院 Optical fiber refraction index sensor based on single mode, fine core, multi-mode and single mode structure
CN103344263A (en) * 2013-06-21 2013-10-09 华中科技大学 Interferometric fiber-optical sensor based on core shift structure and manufacturing method thereof
CN103528609A (en) * 2013-11-06 2014-01-22 天津理工大学 Combined interference type multi-parameter optical fiber sensor
WO2015163963A2 (en) * 2014-02-10 2015-10-29 University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. Multicore optical fiber apparatus, methods, and applications

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111829756A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-10-27 维度(东莞)光电科技有限公司 Polarity check out test set fiber connector

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Application publication date: 20161026