CN106052731A - Novel fiber sensing head and sensor - Google Patents
Novel fiber sensing head and sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106052731A CN106052731A CN201610677251.2A CN201610677251A CN106052731A CN 106052731 A CN106052731 A CN 106052731A CN 201610677251 A CN201610677251 A CN 201610677251A CN 106052731 A CN106052731 A CN 106052731A
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001282153 Scopelogadus mizolepis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel fiber sensing head and a sensor. The fiber sensing head comprises an input single-mode optical fiber, a first multi-mode optical fiber, a central single-mode optical fiber, a second multi-mode optical fiber and an output single-mode optical fiber, wherein the input single-mode optical fiber, the first multi-mode optical fiber, the central single-mode optical fiber, the second multi-mode optical fiber and the output single-mode optical fiber are sequentially welded in an aligned manner. The fiber sensor comprises a broadband light source, the fiber sensing head, a spectrograph, and a processor. The fiber sensing head is advantageous in that only the single-mode and multi-mode fibers are used in the manufacture process of the fiber sensing head; the fiber sensing head employs simple welding operation, is simple in manufacture technology, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Fibre Optical Sensor manufacturing technology field, particularly relate to a kind of novel optical fiber sensor head and sensing
Device.
Background technology
Along with the development of New Sci-and Tech-Revolution, how the mankind obtain information accurately and reliably in the information age, are current
Matter of utmost importance to be solved during utilizing information, and sensor is the main path of acquisition information, therefore sensing technology
It it is the important content of information age.
Optical fiber sensing technology, using light as carrier, realizes sensing as transmission medium to tested parameter using optical fiber.Optical fiber passes
The electrical insulation capability of sensor is good, and anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, Noninvasive, high sensitivity, and easily realize measured signal is remote
Distance detection;Also include corrosion-resistant, explosion-proof, light path deflection, it is simple to the plurality of advantages such as computer couples, be particularly suited for strong
Environmental monitoring under electromagnetic interference, the adverse circumstances such as inflammable and explosive.Advantage just because of these uniquenesses has greatly promoted light
The development of fine sensing technology, meets the needs of modern measure technology;The parameter that Fibre Optical Sensor can be measured is the most, including
Temperature, refractive index, humidity, strain, displacement, curvature, acceleration, pH value etc..
In recent years, Fibre Optical Sensor based on intermode interference principle had worldwide obtained paying close attention to widely and grinding
Studying carefully, have wide development space, all-fiber of various new is developed at line style interferometer, the most double peanut shaped optical fiber
Interferometer, optical fiber draw tapered interferometer and fibre optic interferometer based on core diameter mismatch.But they all only considered account for leading
The cladding mode of status is interfered with core mode, and have ignored the interference of other weak cladding mode excited and core mode, and they prices
Expensive stability is relatively low and range of application is narrower.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel optical fiber sensor head,
It is simple and compact for structure and highly sensitive.
The two of the purpose of the present invention are to provide a kind of novel Fibre Optical Sensor, its simple and compact for structure and sensitivity
High.
An object of the present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
A kind of novel optical fiber sensor head, including successively to the input single-mode fiber of heart welding, the first multimode fibre, centre
Single-mode fiber, the second multimode fibre and output single-mode fiber.
As preferably, described input single-mode fiber, middle single-mode fiber and output single-mode fiber are and remove coat
Single-mode fiber.
As preferably, described first multimode fibre and the second multimode fibre are the multimode fibre removing coat.
As preferably, the core diameter of described input single-mode fiber, middle single-mode fiber and output single-mode fiber is
9um, cladding diameter is 125um.
As preferably, a length of 25um-35um of described middle single-mode fiber.
As preferably, the core diameter of described first multimode fibre and the second multimode fibre is 105um, and cladding diameter is equal
For 125um.
As preferably, the length of described first multimode fibre and the second multimode fibre is 2um-4um.
The two of the purpose of the present invention realize by the following technical solutions:
A kind of novel Fibre Optical Sensor, including optical fiber sensor head, wideband light source, spectrogrph and processor;Wideband light source,
Optical fiber sensor head, spectrogrph and processor are sequentially connected with.
Compared to existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention is: in the manufacturing process of optical fiber sensor head, only used list
Mode fiber and multimode fibre, employing is also simple fusing operation, and processing technology is simple, is suitable for large-scale promotion application.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the module connection figure of the novel Fibre Optical Sensor of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the optical fiber sensor head of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the optical fiber sensor head of present invention transmission spectrum under different refractivity environment;
Fig. 4 is the Δ λ of the optical fiber sensor head of the present inventionA、ΔλBGraph of relation one with refractive index;
Fig. 5 is the optical fiber sensor head transmission spectrum at different temperatures of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the Δ λ of the optical fiber sensor head of the present inventionA、ΔλBGraph of relation two with refractive index;
Fig. 7 is that trough A Yu B of the optical fiber sensor head of the present invention changes over curve.
In figure: 10, input single-mode fiber;11, middle single-mode fiber;12, output single-mode fiber;21, the first multimode fibre;
22, the second multimode fibre.
Detailed description of the invention
Below, in conjunction with accompanying drawing and detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described further:
A kind of novel Fibre Optical Sensor, be applied to as it is shown in figure 1, include wideband light source, optical fiber sensor head, spectrogrph and
Processor;Described wideband light source is the ASE wideband light source of C-band;Described processor can be but not limited to computer or signal
Processor.
As in figure 2 it is shown, optical fiber sensor head includes two sections of multimode fibres and three section single-mould fibers, it is respectively as follows: the first multimode light
Fine 21, second multimode fibre 22, input single-mode fiber 10, middle single-mode fiber 11 and output single-mode fiber 12;Input single-mode optics
Fine 10, first multimode fibre 21, middle single-mode fiber the 11, second multimode fibre 22 and output single-mode fiber 12 are sequentially connected with.Institute
State the first multimode fibre 21 and the second multimode fibre 22 is the multimode fibre removing coat;Described input single-mode fiber 10,
Middle single-mode fiber 11 and output single-mode fiber 12 are the single-mode fiber removing coat.
Wideband light source and input single-mode fiber 10 connect, and output single-mode fiber 12, spectrogrph and processor are sequentially connected with.
Connection between single-mode fiber and multimode fibre is heart welding, particularly as follows: input single-mode fiber 10 and first
Multimode fibre 21 to heart welding, the first multimode fibre 21 and middle single-mode fiber 11 to heart welding, middle single-mode fiber 11 and the
Two multimode fibres 22 are to heart welding, and the second multimode fibre 22 and output single-mode fiber 12 are to heart welding.
All carrying out welding by FITEL S178 type optical fiber splicer between single-mode fiber and multimode fibre, welding pattern is selected
Take the SM-MM welding pattern that heat sealing machine carries, discharge power during welding and be set to discharge time 142w and
3000ms。。
The core diameter of described first multimode fibre 21 is 105um, and cladding diameter is 125um, a length of 2um-4um.
The core diameter of described second multimode fibre 22 is 105um, and cladding diameter is 125um, a length of 2um-4um.
The core diameter of described input single-mode fiber 10 is 9um, and cladding diameter is 125um.
The core diameter of described output single-mode fiber 12 is 9um, and cladding diameter is 125um.
The core diameter of described middle single-mode fiber 11 is 9um, and cladding diameter is 125um, a length of 25um-35um.
This based on intermode interference principle the Fibre Optical Sensor that the present invention proposes, simple in construction, compact, and sensitivity
High.Only having used single-mode fiber and multimode fibre in the manufacturing process of optical fiber sensor head, employing is also simple welding behaviour
Making, processing technology is simple.Use different cladding modes and core mode in principle to interfere and realize the same of refractive index and temperature
Time measure, can cross over the restriction of interference order, thus reduce the requirement to light source bandwidth, and then reduce system cost, be suitable for big
Scale popularization and application.
The optical fiber sensor head of the present invention is put into the refractive index measuring optical fiber sensor head in the NaCl solution of variable concentrations, light
Fine sensing head is immersed in the NaCl solution that temperature remains 25 DEG C all the time.It is first 3% to start to measure from concentration, often measures and once tie
Optical fiber sensor head is cleaned up by bundle distilled water, then the solution changing variable concentrations measures.Measure each time, NaCl solution
Concentration all ratio front one-shot measurement raise 3%, until the concentration of NaCl solution reaches 21%.Then optical fiber sensor head is distilled
Water immerses in the NaCl solution that concentration is 9% after cleaning, and uses water bath Method to heat, and temperature is from 25 DEG C to 85 DEG C every
Record a transmission spectrum every 5 DEG C, test the temperature-responsive of optical fiber sensor head with this;As it is shown on figure 3, be above-mentioned measurement process
Obtain the transmission spectrum of optical fiber sensor head under different refractivity environment.
From figure 3, it can be seen that along with the raised feature wavelength of extraneous refractive index moves to short wavelength direction, main cause is
Along with the effective refractive index increasing cladding mode of extraneous refractive index increases and the effective refractive index of core mode is constant, cause core mode
Poor with the effective refractive index of cladding mode diminish.Increasing with extraneous refractive index, the contrast of interference fringe is being gradually reduced simultaneously, this
Being because cladding mode in the solution presented in evanescent wave, when solution refractive index increases, the loss of cladding mode also can increase
Greatly.The trough A (1525.17nm) and trough B (1538.67nm) of labelling in Fig. 3 are carried out wavelength shift measurement obtained not
With the Δ λ under refractive index environmentAWith Δ λB, as shown in table 1;
Table 1
Refractive index | ΔλA(nm) | ΔλB(nm) |
1.3105 | 0 | 0 |
1.3208 | -0.25 | -0.09 |
1.3259 | -0.4 | 0.14 |
1.3311 | -0.59 | -0.21 |
1.3362 | -0.8 | -0.25 |
1.3414 | -1.13 | -0.36 |
1.3465 | -1.31 | -0.42 |
1.3517 | -1.47 | -0.5 |
As shown in Figure 4, for the Δ λ in the table 1 of matchingA、ΔλBGraph of relation with refractive index.
Matched curve shows that the wavelength variable quantity of trough A and trough B and ambient refractive index present good linear relationship, intends
Syzygy number is R2=0.98, and to obtain sensitivity when carrying out refractometry with trough A and trough B be KA,RI=-
37.9322nm/RIU and KB,RI=-12.3527nm/RIU.
Main causes different with trough B refractive index sensitivity for trough A is that they are done with core mode by different cladding modes
Relate to formation.Under normal circumstances, different cladding modes has different mode distributions, and high-order cladding mode lower-order cladding mode has more
Big mode field diameter and being affected more susceptible to external environment variations in refractive index, the most also has higher refractive index sensitive
Degree.
Fig. 5 is to have obtained the transmission spectrum of optical fiber sensor head under different temperatures environment during above-mentioned measurement, as seen from the figure with
The rising of ambient temperature, trough A and B all moves to long wavelength direction, this is because along with the rising of ambient temperature, core mode
Change poor with cladding mode effective refractive index is big.In addition, the contrast of trough A and B presents different when variation of ambient temperature
Variation tendency, along with the contrast of the rising trough A of temperature, to become larger the contrast of trough B the most almost unchanged, this be by
Mode coupling index variation causes.The trough A and trough B of labelling in Fig. 5 are carried out wavelength shift measurement and obtains not equality of temperature
Δ λ under degree environmentAWith Δ λB, as shown in table 2;
Table 2
Temperature (DEG C) | ΔλA(nm) | ΔλB(nm) |
85 | 0 | 0 |
80 | -0.15 | -0.23 |
75 | -0.35 | -0.48 |
70 | -0.58 | -0.81 |
65 | -0.73 | -1.06 |
60 | -0.92 | -1.3 |
55 | -1.41 | -1.59 |
50 | -1.34 | -1.86 |
45 | -1.62 | -2.16 |
40 | -1.84 | -2.48 |
35 | -2.1 | -2.65 |
30 | -2.34 | -2.91 |
25 | -2.61 | -3.2 |
As shown in Figure 6, for the Δ λ in the table 2 of matchingA、ΔλBGraph of relation with refractive index.
Matched curve shows that the wavelength shift of trough A and trough B and ambient temperature present good linear relationship, matching
Coefficient is all up to R2=0.99, and to obtain sensitivity when carrying out temperature survey with trough A and trough B be KA,T=
0.0437nm/ DEG C and KB,T=0.0542nm/ DEG C.Due to the existence of thermo-optic effect, the refractive index of NaCl solution can be along with temperature
Changing and change, the temperature control therefore recorded actually individually is changed the NaCl solution caused with variations in temperature by temperature
The coefficient result of variations in refractive index;In view of thermo-optic effect, the calculating formula of temperature control is as follows:
WhereinFor pure temperature control, RRI,TFor the thermo-optical coeffecient of NaCl, RRI,T=-1.6065 × 10-4℃-1。
Then the pure temperature control that can calculate trough A and trough B is 0.0376nm/ DEG C and 0.0522nm/ DEG C.So far, according to
Refractometry experiment and temperature survey experiment, recorded refractive index sensitivity and the temperature control of trough A and B.Then may be used
With by the wavelength shift Δ λ of trough A and BA、ΔλBThe square being written as with the relation of refractive index variable quantity and temperature variation
Formation formula:
The most only need to record the wavelength shift Δ λ of trough A and BA、ΔλB, it is possible to above-mentioned matrix calculus go out refractive index and
The variable quantity of temperature, thus measure while realizing temperature and refractive index.
In order to further illustrate the feasibility of the present invention, this optical fiber sensor head is done stability test;At room temperature will
This optical fiber sensor head is placed in the NaCl solution that concentration is 12% holding one hour, records one group of data every two minutes, surveys
The value relation over time of trough A and B of amount, as shown in Figure 7.The standard deviation that can be calculated trough A and B is respectively
0.05nm and 0.01nm, this little deviation is mainly caused by light source and the factor such as the instability of detector and variations in temperature
's;Thus can illustrate that this optical fiber sensor head has excellent stability.
Sensor of the invention has such advantages as and technique effect:
1) temperature and refractive index can be measured the most simultaneously, eliminate inaccuracy and sensor-based system that one-parameter is measured
Measurement error that in internal light path branch, different losses cause, reduce the impact that measurement is brought by external environment change, improve
Certainty of measurement.
2) sensor of the invention has measurement solution concentration and temperature range is big, the advantage that resolution is high.
3) sensor of the invention can reduce the requirement to light source bandwidth, and then reduces system cost.
4) sensor of the invention simple in construction, easy to operate, is suitable for large-scale promotion application.
5) industrial processes that sensor of the invention can be used for refractive index and temperature changes are supervised in real time
Control.
6) sensor of the invention is in addition to for general liquid detecting, it may also be used for trace, dangerous liquid detect.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that can technical scheme as described above and design, make other various
Corresponding change and deformation, and all these change and deformation all should belong to the protection domain of the claims in the present invention
Within.
Claims (8)
1. a novel optical fiber sensor head, it is characterised in that include input single-mode fiber, the first multimode successively to heart welding
Optical fiber, middle single-mode fiber, the second multimode fibre and output single-mode fiber.
2. optical fiber sensor head as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described input single-mode fiber, middle single-mode fiber and
Output single-mode fiber is the single-mode fiber removing coat.
3. optical fiber sensor head as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described input single-mode fiber, middle single-mode fiber
Being 9um with the core diameter of output single-mode fiber, cladding diameter is 125um.
4. optical fiber sensor head as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that a length of 25um-of described middle single-mode fiber
35um。
5. optical fiber sensor head as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the first multimode fibre and the second multimode fibre are
Multimode fibre except coat.
6. the optical fiber sensor head as described in claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that the first multimode fibre and the second multimode fibre
Core diameter is 105um, and cladding diameter is 125um.
7. optical fiber sensor head as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described first multimode fibre and the second multimode fibre
Length is 2um-4um.
8. a novel Fibre Optical Sensor, it is characterised in that include the optical fiber sensor head described in claim 1, wideband light source,
Spectrogrph and processor;Wideband light source, optical fiber sensor head, spectrogrph and processor are sequentially connected with.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111829756A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-27 | 维度(东莞)光电科技有限公司 | Polarity check out test set fiber connector |
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CN102393220A (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2012-03-28 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | SMS (single mode-multimode-single mode) optical fiber structural duplexing sensor |
CN102928002A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-02-13 | 天津理工大学 | Multi-parameter optical fiber sensor based on optical fiber intermodal interference and polarization maintaining optical fiber grating |
CN203083927U (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-07-24 | 中国计量学院 | Optical fiber refraction index sensor based on single mode, fine core, multi-mode and single mode structure |
CN103344263A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-10-09 | 华中科技大学 | Interferometric fiber-optical sensor based on core shift structure and manufacturing method thereof |
CN103528609A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-01-22 | 天津理工大学 | Combined interference type multi-parameter optical fiber sensor |
WO2015163963A2 (en) * | 2014-02-10 | 2015-10-29 | University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Multicore optical fiber apparatus, methods, and applications |
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- 2016-08-16 CN CN201610677251.2A patent/CN106052731A/en active Pending
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102393220A (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2012-03-28 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | SMS (single mode-multimode-single mode) optical fiber structural duplexing sensor |
CN102928002A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-02-13 | 天津理工大学 | Multi-parameter optical fiber sensor based on optical fiber intermodal interference and polarization maintaining optical fiber grating |
CN203083927U (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-07-24 | 中国计量学院 | Optical fiber refraction index sensor based on single mode, fine core, multi-mode and single mode structure |
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