CN106045754A - Fermented-organic-matter-rich soil conditioner and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fermented-organic-matter-rich soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof. The soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: waste dried wood, a 6-10% dilute sulfuric acid solution, a 3-5 mmol/g sodium sulfite solution, peat soil, phosphorite, a 20-25 wt% amino acid solution, EDTA chelated manganese, potash feldspar, dried cattle manure, wheat straws, fruit/vegetable garbage, effective microorganisms, camphor tree leaves, soybean shells and a proper amount of water. Most of active components for plant growth obtained by liquid fermentation are used for conditioning the soil of the crop planting site, thereby reducing the consumption of the fertilizer on the planting site, preventing water loss and soil erosion, improving the natural environment, and implementing succession cropping on the crops. The calcined rock powder can be cracked more easily to form free ions in the soil, and the free ions can be absorbed by the crops, thereby avoiding the direct application of the pure chemical fertilizer, which is not beneficial to the environment protection. The way of slowly degrading and releasing nutrients can avoid the phenomenon of severe soil salinization caused by frequent fertilizer application.

Description

A kind of soil conditioner organic rich in fermentation and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the Technology field of plantation, be specifically related to a kind of soil conditioner organic rich in fermentation And preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Lignin is the macromolecular compound by the link of polytype key, key of different nature, different merits Can be connected on construction unit cause the difference of the chemical property of lignin structure unit by base, therefore, each in lignin macromole The chemical reactivity at position is inhomogenous.

The ins and outs that lignin has are that the C5 on the phenyl ring in structure does not has substituent group, i.e. likely react on phenyl ring The free room (ortho para of phenolic hydroxyl group) of crosslinking, can further crosslinking curing, thus time lignin there is glued spy Property, its structure make lignin have stronger sequestering and colloidal property, no containing a certain amount of phenolic hydroxyl group and carboxyl etc. Only such, substantial amounts of phenolic hydroxyl group, carboxyl and carbonyl, relatively low dissolubility, and the existence of different oxygen-containing group makes wooden Element has adsorptivity, is especially suitable for doing adsorbent and uses.

Lignosulfonates produce in sulfurous method or modified sulphite pulping process, the conduct of lignin own Flocculant effect is not ideal enough, and current lignin flocculant mainly includes cationic, anionic and amphoteric flocculant etc. Three classes, and sulfonic group modified on xylonic acid can be with Liquidity limit and heavy metal ion.

One of reason of soil compaction is exactly long-term chemical fertilizer application, and farm manure deficiency causes the organic decline of soil, Humus can not be supplemented timely, causes hardening and chapping of soil, chemical fertilizer apply so that soil alkalescence enhancing, micro- Biology is killed, and causes the activity reduction of microorganism, and easily and negative root ion forms slightly solubility for the calcium in soil, magnesium plasma Inorganic salt, destroys soil granular mechanism, and the potassium ion displacement performance in potash fertilizer is strong, has replaced the polyvalent cation in soil, And itself not there is key bridge effect, and destroy the crumb structure of soil, reducing use chemical fertilizer is also to reduce soil compaction, changes One big method of kind environment.

Summary of the invention

According to the relevant knowledge in background technology, the invention reside in and industrial waste wood is used, through processing Afterwards, for the protection of soil, have keep soil from packing together, Liquidity limit and the effect of heavy metal ion, simultaneously from figure The micelle characteristic become is conducive to the rooting development of crop:

A kind of soil conditioner organic rich in fermentation, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion: discarded dry wood Material 30 ~ 40,6 ~ 10% dilution heat of sulfuric acid 25 ~ 30,3 ~ 5mmol/g sodium sulfite solution 100 ~ 120, peat soil 20 ~ 30, rock phosphate in powder 6 ~ 10,20 ~ 25wt% Freamine Ⅲ 30 ~ 45, EDTA Chelated Manganese 8 ~ 12, potassium feldspar 12 ~ 16, dry cattle manure 25 ~ 30, wheat straw waste 20 ~ 28, fruit and vegerable rubbish 15 ~ 20, EM microbial inoculum 2 ~ 3, Folium cinnamomi camphorae 10 ~ 16, soybean peel 14 ~ 20 and appropriate water；

The preparation method of a kind of soil conditioner organic rich in fermentation, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) by discarded seasoned wood through pulverizing, selecting crude drugs with winnower goes out the granule of grain of rice size, by wooden of 6 ~ 10% dilution heat of sulfuric acid moistening The surface of grain, naturally blots rear secondary moistening, continuously wetting 3 ~ 5 times, naturally dries under room temperature；

(2) (1) gained wood substance grain deionized water soaked filtration 2 ~ 3 times and be vacuum dried, joining 3 ~ 5mmol/g sulfurous In acid sodium solution, processing 1.5 ~ 2.0h under the conditions of microwave 600 ~ 800W, process is incubated, and finally washing after drying obtain modified Wood substance grain；

(3) the dry cattle manure of mixing, wheat straw waste and other following residual components being not directed to, after high temperature sterilize, ball milling becomes homogenate, converts Water is to material-water ratio 1:5 ~ 6, and inoculation EM microbial inoculum carries out liquid fermentation, is centrifuged to obtain supernatant after completing；

(4) mixing rock phosphate in powder and potassium feldspar, high temperature 800 ~ 1200 DEG C calcining 5 ~ 10min, pulverized the powder of 80 ~ 100 mesh sieves, and added Entering the supernatant described in modified particles agent (3) described in (2), the 2 ~ 3h that vibrates under the conditions of 60 ~ 75 DEG C after mixing adsorbs, complete Naturally dry after one-tenth.

Timber is made up of cellulose and lignin two parts mostly, and invention thinking is to utilize acid-precipitation method to obtain alkali lignin to become Point, before this industrial waste wood was pulverized and cut, and obtained granular timber, be then dried, then soak At certain density dilution heat of sulfuric acid, (sulfuric acid solution can hydrolyze the cellulose in timber to stain, makes polysaccharose substance, sugar Class is dissolved with current, comes off from timber, and the existence that lignin portion is relatively stable, form distinct framing structure, fiber The part that element dissolves leaves hole, increases specific surface area and exposes lignin portion, and the amount of appropriate control acid adding can be suitable Retain a certain amount of cellulose, the beneficially stability of particle space structure), use and be dried Hydrolyze method, treat that dilute sulfuric acid moistening is done When wood substance grain about 70 ~ 80%, pull out and be dried, both can guarantee that acid solution permeates uniformly, simultaneously the change of controlled quentity controlled variable, On the one hand cellulose consumes too much, causes wood substance grain loosely organized, also at gelled acid solution when wood substance grain is dried when, After concentration reaches to a certain degree, cellulose limit starts profit and rises, cell wall rupture, cellulose dissolution, percent hydrolysis be up to 90% with On.

The wood particle obtained now becomes the granule of a kind of porous, mostly exposes lignin component in aperture simultaneously, At this moment add to certain density sodium sulfite solution, react under certain temperature conditions, can be by pore interior Lignin portion carries out sulfonation, becomes xylonic acid sulfonate component, and the microwave of invention employing 600 ~ 800W is as condition, microwave one Aspect can promote temperature and meet reaction condition, and microwave vibrations simultaneously can promote that solution penetrates into hole, reduces liquid table The impact of surface tension.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention obtains the active component of plant growing by liquid fermentation, contributes to greatly The improvement of proportion of crop planting ground soil, it is possible to reduce the usage amount of planting site fertilizer, prevents erosion simultaneously, improves nature ring Border, it is achieved the continuous cropping of crops, calcined after stone powder be more prone to cracking, soil forms free ion, for crop Absorb, it is to avoid directly all putting of pure chemistry fertilizer, be unfavorable for the protection of environment, this slow degraded release nutriment, can avoid Frequently fertilising, causes the phenomenon that the salinization of soil is serious.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1:

A kind of soil conditioner organic rich in fermentation, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion (Kg): discarded Seasoned wood 35,6 ~ 10% dilution heat of sulfuric acid 27,3 ~ 5mmol/g sodium sulfite solution 110, peat soil 20 ~ 30, rock phosphate in powder 8,20 ~ 25wt% Freamine Ⅲ 40, EDTA Chelated Manganese 10, potassium feldspar 15, dry cattle manure 27, wheat straw waste 25, fruit and vegerable rubbish 15, EM microbial inoculum 3, Folium cinnamomi camphorae 12, soybean peel 16 and appropriate water；

The preparation method of a kind of soil conditioner organic rich in fermentation, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) by discarded seasoned wood through pulverizing, selecting crude drugs with winnower goes out the granule of grain of rice size, by wooden of 6 ~ 10% dilution heat of sulfuric acid moistening The surface of grain, naturally blots rear secondary moistening, continuously wetting 3 ~ 5 times, naturally dries under room temperature；

(2) (1) gained wood substance grain deionized water soaked filtration 2 ~ 3 times and be vacuum dried, joining 3 ~ 5mmol/g sulfurous In acid sodium solution, processing 1.5 ~ 2.0h under the conditions of microwave 600 ~ 800W, process is incubated, and finally washing after drying obtain modified Wood substance grain；

(3) the dry cattle manure of mixing, wheat straw waste and other following residual components being not directed to, after high temperature sterilize, ball milling becomes homogenate, converts Water is to material-water ratio 1:5 ~ 6, and inoculation EM microbial inoculum carries out liquid fermentation, is centrifuged to obtain supernatant after completing；

(4) mixing rock phosphate in powder and potassium feldspar, high temperature 800 ~ 1200 DEG C calcining 5 ~ 10min, pulverized the powder of 80 ~ 100 mesh sieves, and added Entering the supernatant described in modified particles agent (3) described in (2), the 2 ~ 3h that vibrates under the conditions of 60 ~ 75 DEG C after mixing adsorbs, complete Naturally dry after one-tenth.

Select the test block of a piece of soybean planting, 5 mu of Soybean Fields use before planting the soil conditioner 200 of the present invention ~ 300Kg, mixes with the subsoil dug, and the Soybean Field of matched group uses the anti-of conventional soil conditioner, final-period management and pest and disease damage Controlling the most identical, result proves, soil conditioner of the present invention is more preferable for the adsorptivity of fertilizer, improves soil property, dredging of soil Looseness is more preferable, organic abundant, reduces inorganic fertilizer usage amount, improves income nearly 15%.

Claims (2)

1. the soil conditioner rich in fermentation organic matter, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion: discarded dry Timber 30 ~ 40,6 ~ 10% dilution heat of sulfuric acid 25 ~ 30,3 ~ 5mmol/g sodium sulfite solution 100 ~ 120, peat soil 20 ~ 30, phosphorus ore Stone 6 ~ 10,20 ~ 25wt% Freamine Ⅲ 30 ~ 45, EDTA Chelated Manganese 8 ~ 12, potassium feldspar 12 ~ 16, dry cattle manure 25 ~ 30, wheat straw straw Stalk 20 ~ 28, fruit and vegerable rubbish 15 ~ 20, EM microbial inoculum 2 ~ 3, Folium cinnamomi camphorae 10 ~ 16, soybean peel 14 ~ 20 and appropriate water.

The preparation method of a kind of soil conditioner organic rich in fermentation, it is characterised in that bag Include following step:

(1) by discarded seasoned wood through pulverizing, selecting crude drugs with winnower goes out the granule of grain of rice size, by wooden of 6 ~ 10% dilution heat of sulfuric acid moistening The surface of grain, naturally blots rear secondary moistening, continuously wetting 3 ~ 5 times, naturally dries under room temperature；

(2) (1) gained wood substance grain deionized water soaked filtration 2 ~ 3 times and be vacuum dried, joining 3 ~ 5mmol/g sulfurous In acid sodium solution, processing 1.5 ~ 2.0h under the conditions of microwave 600 ~ 800W, process is incubated, and finally washing after drying obtain modified Wood substance grain；

(3) the dry cattle manure of mixing, wheat straw waste and other following residual components being not directed to, after high temperature sterilize, ball milling becomes homogenate, converts Water is to material-water ratio 1:5 ~ 6, and inoculation EM microbial inoculum carries out liquid fermentation, is centrifuged to obtain supernatant after completing；

(4) mixing rock phosphate in powder and potassium feldspar, high temperature 800 ~ 1200 DEG C calcining 5 ~ 10min, pulverized the powder of 80 ~ 100 mesh sieves, and added Entering the supernatant described in modified particles agent (3) described in (2), the 2 ~ 3h that vibrates under the conditions of 60 ~ 75 DEG C after mixing adsorbs, complete Naturally dry after one-tenth.