CN106045748A - High-activity soil-microbe sustained-release fertilizer and preparation method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-activity soil-microbe sustained-release fertilizer and a preparation method therefor. The sustained-release fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: rice hulls, a 20wt% NaOH solution, a soil beneficial microbial agent, earthworm casts, straw powder, a malt extract, agar, bone meal, polypeptidase, monoammonium phosphate, rare-earth elements, potassium nitrate and a proper volume of water. According to the high-activity soil-microbe sustained-release fertilizer and the preparation method therefor, the rice hulls are sufficiently utilized, and rice hull charred rice hull ash, i.e., an effective ingredient is utilized mainly; a granular charred rice hull charred product can have certain adsorption capacity by different processes, soil beneficial microbes are added into the rice hull charred product, stirred adsorption is carried out, then, the straw powder, the malt extract and the like are added as nutrients, and the charred granules can adsorb bacteria and provide bacterium adherent points, so that the microbes are not prone to environmental impacts such as rain wash and are higher in life vitality; soluble silicate obtained through supplying heat to a caustic soda solution is beneficial to crop germination; and a rooting agent promotes the growth of young seedlings.

Description

A kind of high activity soil microorganism slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the Technology field of fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of high activity soil microorganism slow release fertilizer and Its preparation method.

Background technology

Along with expanding economy, chemical fertilizer is increasing in usage amount agriculturally.And crops are low to the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer, Utilization rate fertile for N is 30 ~ 35%, and utilization rate fertile for P is 10 ~ 20%, the most inevitably causes the environmental pollution of chemical fertilizer, separately Outward, use the Soil structure destruction of chemical fertilizer institute band class and soil fertility to decline, and the problem of body eutrophication is irreversible 's.

Element silicon is one of important element necessary to crop growth, and people are more and more heavier to the research of element silicon Depending on, research introduce confirm: element silicon have enhancing crop plant stem stalk sturdy, resistant to lodging, improve disease resistance, anti-soil soil battalion Physiological stress, the increase yield etc. of nourishing one's nature characteristic.And rice husk absorbs a large amount of silicon in the growth and development process of Oryza sativa L. from soil, Its dioxide-containing silica is up to more than 20% more than, and in China, rice husk is a kind of very abundant plant material, and industry uses phosphorus Acid system, alkali method are prepared activated carbon, sodium silicate and are all achieved certain success.

The most existing a lot of scholars made in-depth study with regard to the problem of rice hull ash, burned the difference of degree according to rice husk, Rice husk ash composition is also not quite similar.Rice husk is after burning completely, and carbon therein discharges with the form of carbon dioxide Coming, silicon therein is changed into silicon dioxide, so the carbon produced is not completely transformed into carbon dioxide, therefore in black Granular, from the point of view of the present Research of comprehensive rice hull ash, the high silicon content that point of penetration is rice hull ash of these researchs and bigger serface. Utilize rice hull ash to react with Caustic soda and produce sodium silicate, react production of silica white with ammonium sulfate, boil rear synthesizing silicon carbide with acid, carry Take silicon dioxide therein and to utilize rice hull ash to produce the research such as concrete high activity admixture be height based on rice hull ash This characteristic of silicone content.

Summary of the invention

In order to improve the germination percentage of crop seed, promoting growth and the growth of root system of crop seedling, fertilizer of the present invention is made One for using before crop-planting contains silicates fertilizer and possesses all above feature, realizes particular by following methods :

A kind of high activity soil microorganism slow release fertilizer, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion: rice husk 40 ~ 50, 20wt%NaOH solution 120 ~ 150, soil beneficial microbe microbial inoculum 4 ~ 6, Lumbricus soil 30 ~ 45, powder of straw 10 ~ 14, Fructus Hordei Germinatus saccharin 3 ~ 5, agar powder 0.5 ~ 1, bone meal 10 ~ 14, polypeptidase 2 ~ 3, MAP 10 ~ 16, rare earth element 3 ~ 5, potassium nitrate 8 ~ 14 are with appropriate Water；

The preparation method of a kind of high activity soil microorganism slow release fertilizer, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) rice husk is first pulverized, be ground into the granule of 10 ~ 20 mesh sieves, put in Muffle furnace, under airtight condition, be heated to temperature Spend 600 ~ 800 DEG C, continue carbonization 6 ~ 8h and obtain carbonizing production；

(2) by the carbonizing production mixing 20wt%NaOH solution described in (1), put in reactor, be heated to 100 ~ 120 DEG C, insulation Reaction 4 ~ 5h, must be rich in the carbonizing production solution of silicate；

(3) soil beneficial microbe microbial inoculum is added in the carbonizing production solution described in (2), be warming up to 30 ~ 40 DEG C, stirring 30 ~ 40min carries out adsorption process, is subsequently adding powder of straw, agar powder, Fructus Hordei Germinatus saccharin and polypeptidase, the paste of insulated and stirred to thickness Material；

(4) mixed phosphate one ammonium, rare earth element, potassium nitrate, adds the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its weight portions, and stirring, to dissolving, then mixes Other residual components, joins in the thickener described in (3), and drum hot blast controls water content 40 ~ 45%, by granulating disc pelletize ?.

Rice hull ash is utilized by the present invention by emphasis, it is critical only that employing alkali-soluble acid analysis technology is by the amorphous in rice hull ash State silicon is converted into the silicate of easy solvent, and then test variable concentrations silicon pretreatment is to seed vitality, Root Absorption ability and children The impact of leaflet tablet chlorophyll content, the silicate solubility that test is optimum.

Rice husk is after pyrolysis or burning, and contained silicon is with SiO₂Presented in rice hull ash, through spectrum analysis, contain Silicon 28%, is converted into SiO₂Content is 60%, and phosphorus content is 39%, the SiO in rice husk₂Energy and soda bath under the conditions of temperature-pressure Reaction generation silicate product:

SiO₂+2NaOH→Na₃SiO ₂+H₂O

Activated carbon is the pore structure with prosperity, has the charcoal of the biggest specific surface area and absorbability, rice hull ash i.e. rice Shell product after carbonization, phosphorus content improves to more than 90%, and carbonaceous is loose porous, is the excellent material manufacturing activated carbon. The present invention, before this by rice husk drying and crushing, obtains the rice husk granule of certain particle diameter, and then the overall Muffle furnace putting into high temperature, adjusts Whole temperature carries out carbonization, must have the activated carbon structure material of certain absorbability, and then adding mass fraction is 20% NaOH solution, under certain temperature conditions, the reaction regular hour obtains the rice hull ash product containing certain silicate content, Meanwhile, rice hull ash also has a lot of granular active carbon granules, there is certain adsorption of modification effect, adding as fertilizer Charging, gives the probability that fertilizer variation is wireless.

Owing to the high temperature carbonization of Muffle furnace prepares the process of activated carbon granule, carry out under conditions of airtight starvation, Certain SiO is consumed again with the course of reaction of soda bath subsequently₂, consuming SiO₂During stay on granule again Lower hole, adds specific surface area and the space structure of granule, advantageously in adsorption process, is proved by test repeatedly: NaOH solution and rice hull ash material ratio are 3:1, and response time about 4h, when reaction temperature is 100 DEG C, obtains the optimum of silicate Dissolution rate reaches 90.47%.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: rice husk is fully utilized by the present invention, mainly utilize is the rice husk of charred rice husk Ash effective ingredient, by the difference of process so that the charred rice husk product of granular charring possesses certain absorbability, adds Soil beneficial microbe bacterium is stirred absorption, adds powder of straw, Fructus Hordei Germinatus saccharin etc. as nutrient substance, and carbonization granule is permissible Absorption antibacterial, it is provided that bacteria adherence point, is difficult to protected from environmental by rain drop erosion etc., and vitality is higher, with soda bath Heat supply obtains the silicate of solubility, beneficially crop germination root-growing agent and promotes the growth of seedling.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1:

A kind of high activity soil microorganism slow release fertilizer, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion (Kg): rice husk 40,20wt%NaOH solution 135, soil beneficial microbe microbial inoculum 4, Lumbricus soil 30, powder of straw 10, Fructus Hordei Germinatus saccharin 3, agar powder 0.5, bone meal 10, polypeptidase 3, MAP 16, rare earth element 3, potassium nitrate 14 and appropriate water；

The preparation method of a kind of high activity soil microorganism slow release fertilizer, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) rice husk is first pulverized, be ground into the granule of 10 ~ 20 mesh sieves, put in Muffle furnace, under airtight condition, be heated to temperature Spend 600 ~ 800 DEG C, continue carbonization 6 ~ 8h and obtain carbonizing production；

(2) by the carbonizing production mixing 20wt%NaOH solution described in (1), put in reactor, be heated to 100 ~ 120 DEG C, insulation Reaction 4 ~ 5h, must be rich in the carbonizing production solution of silicate；

(3) soil beneficial microbe microbial inoculum is added in the carbonizing production solution described in (2), be warming up to 30 ~ 40 DEG C, stirring 30 ~ 40min carries out adsorption process, is subsequently adding powder of straw, agar powder, Fructus Hordei Germinatus saccharin and polypeptidase, the paste of insulated and stirred to thickness Material；

(4) mixed phosphate one ammonium, rare earth element, potassium nitrate, adds the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its weight portions, and stirring, to dissolving, then mixes Other residual components, joins in the thickener described in (3), and drum hot blast controls water content 40 ~ 45%, by granulating disc pelletize ?.

Use a kind of high activity soil microorganism slow release fertilizer planting experiment for Semen sojae atricolor of the present invention, the present invention is fertile Material and land for growing field crops subsoil 1:3 ratio are mixed for doing furrow, and 5 mu of Semen sojae atricolor lands for growing field crops of matched group are left intact, later stage water and fertilizer management All keeping consistent, result proves: the growth of soybean germination rate, speed of germination and the seedling of experimental group will be better than matched group, after The labor management of phase and each side are paid wages also relative reduction, are greatly saved cost.

Claims (2)

1. a high activity soil microorganism slow release fertilizer, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion: rice husk 40 ~ 50,20wt%NaOH solution 120 ~ 150, soil beneficial microbe microbial inoculum 4 ~ 6, Lumbricus soil 30 ~ 45, powder of straw 10 ~ 14, maltose Essence 3 ~ 5, agar powder 0.5 ~ 1, bone meal 10 ~ 14, polypeptidase 2 ~ 3, MAP 10 ~ 16, rare earth element 3 ~ 5, potassium nitrate 8 ~ 14 He Appropriate water.

The preparation method of a kind of high activity soil microorganism slow release fertilizer, it is characterised in that include Following step:

(1) rice husk is first pulverized, be ground into the granule of 10 ~ 20 mesh sieves, put in Muffle furnace, under airtight condition, be heated to temperature Spend 600 ~ 800 DEG C, continue carbonization 6 ~ 8h and obtain carbonizing production；

(2) by the carbonizing production mixing 20wt%NaOH solution described in (1), put in reactor, be heated to 100 ~ 120 DEG C, insulation Reaction 4 ~ 5h, must be rich in the carbonizing production solution of silicate；

(3) soil beneficial microbe microbial inoculum is added in the carbonizing production solution described in (2), be warming up to 30 ~ 40 DEG C, stirring 30 ~ 40min carries out adsorption process, is subsequently adding powder of straw, agar powder, Fructus Hordei Germinatus saccharin and polypeptidase, the paste of insulated and stirred to thickness Material；

(4) mixed phosphate one ammonium, rare earth element, potassium nitrate, adds the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its weight portions, and stirring, to dissolving, then mixes Other residual components, joins in the thickener described in (3), and drum hot blast controls water content 40 ~ 45%, by granulating disc pelletize ?.