CN106042390A - Multi-source large-scale face exposure 3D printing method - Google Patents
Multi-source large-scale face exposure 3D printing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106042390A CN106042390A CN201610603242.9A CN201610603242A CN106042390A CN 106042390 A CN106042390 A CN 106042390A CN 201610603242 A CN201610603242 A CN 201610603242A CN 106042390 A CN106042390 A CN 106042390A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent control and image processing, in particular to a multi-source large-scale face exposure 3D printing method. Increasing the printing area of a face exposure 3D printer is the purpose of the method, and the method comprises the following steps that searching of a maximum slice is conducted, wherein all slices in a model are traversed, and the slice with the maximum exposure area is sought; reference point obtaining is conducted, wherein the outline of the slice with the maximum exposure area is obtained, and the upper left corner point and the lower right corner point of the exposure area are determined to serve as two reference points according to the outline; an external rectangle is made in the exposure area of an original slice according to the reference points and cut, the total area needing to be exposed is obtained, the cut area is isometrically amplified with the width and height of the area needing to be exposed as the maximum limit, and the amplified image is fused with a black background with the total exposure size; and the slice is cut and processed according to the number and placing positions of projectors, and then the slice is stored. According to the multi-source large-scale face exposure 3D printing method, the exposure size can be increased, and meanwhile transportability and printability are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to intelligentized control method and image processing techniques, be specifically related at picture that projector is launched
Reason, by using multiple projectors and processing section according to its number and placement location, thus realizes chi big to multi-source
Degree face exposure 3D Method of printing research and realization.
Background technology
20th century the mid-80 is born in by 3D printer, American scientist invent the earliest.3D printer refers to
Utilizing 3D printing technique to produce a kind of equipment of true three-dimension object, its ultimate principle is to utilize special consumptive material (glue, tree
Fat or powder etc.) according to by the pre-designed three-dimensional stereo model of computer, by the deposition of adhesive, every layer of powder is cohered
Molding, finally prints 3D entity.Rapid Prototyping technique is fast with its process velocity, low cost, is widely used in product development rank
The modelling of section.3D printing is the one of Rapid Prototyping technique, and first article are converted into 3D data, then use powder by it
Shape metal or plastics etc. can jointing material, successively cut printing.Making mold, industrial design are used for building model, now just develop
Become product manufacturing, formed " direct digitization manufacture ".Form multiple different fast shaping technology, such as Stereo Lithography at present
(SLA), lamination entity manufactures (LOM), fusion sediment moulding (FDM), Selective laser sintering (SLS), 3 D-printing (3DP), face
Exposure prints (DLP) etc..But for now, FDM precision is poor, need constantly melt material silk and wait that material is solid
Changing, overall shaping speed is slower.SLA is limited to galvanometer optical characteristics, the molding breadth of general mirror-vibrating less than 300mm ×
300mm.Exceeding these breadth needs by dynamic focusing system, at this moment cost can obtain and be greatly improved.The principle of galvanometer system
Determining: breadth is the biggest, and focal length is the longest, and hot spot is the biggest, laser energy loss is the most.DLP technology is similar to projector,
The components and parts of core are dmd chips, and advantage maximum for DLP is successively to expose, and speed is quickly in theory, but the biggest
Breadth, to meet the high power density of solidification light simultaneously, would have to increase substantially light intensity, but DMD cannot bear the highest
Light intensity, after light intensity increases simultaneously, system radiating problem is serious.So, the 3D being currently based on DLP technology prints, at processing width
Slower development on direction, face.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention will provide a kind of multi-source large scale face exposure 3D Method of printing, mainly by using multiple projections
Instrument and section being processed according to its number and placement location, thus the print area of the raising face of reaching exposure 3D printer.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of multi-source large scale face exposure 3D Method of printing, comprises the following steps:
Step 100, all sections of one model of traversal, find in these sections can the maximum section of exposure area,
It is designated as A, and processes it afterwards；
Step 200, obtain section A can the profile of exposure area, by profile obtain this can the left side of exposure area,
According to these four points, the right side, topmost and nethermost point, determines that this can the upper left corner, exposure area and the lower right corner or upper right
Angle and lower-left angle point are as two datum marks；
Step 300, two datum marks determined according to step 200, correspond to original section up, determine and can expose
The boundary rectangle in region, complete to former section can the intercepting of exposure area, obtain the gross area needing exposure, intercepting region depended on
According to the amplification of the wide and a height of maximum limit equal proportion needing exposure area, then the image after amplification and exposure overall size size
Black background merge；
Step 400, amplify all of section according to going successively on the basis of the magnification ratio of step 300, all amplify
Section preserves successively, and the section to preserving is split according to the placement location of projection, and the picture to segmentation
Process, it is ensured that the seamlessness when projection splicing.
Wherein, all sections of one model of traversal, find in these sections can the maximum section of exposure area, it is remembered
For A, and afterwards it is carried out processing step 100 and includes:
Add up the number that gray scale is 255 of pixel in every section, number N added up and the storage of corresponding picture
Get up；
By number N of the pixel that gray scale is 255 of the picture stored before and its correspondence, by more every
The size of section N draws that section that the N stored before is maximum, and it is designated as A.
Wherein, obtain section A can the profile of exposure area, by profile obtain this can the left side of exposure area,
According to these four points, the right side, topmost and nethermost point, determines that this can the upper left corner, exposure area and the lower right corner or the upper right corner
Include as the step 200 of two datum marks with lower-left angle point:
Obtain section A can the profile of exposure area, point all of in profile is traveled through, according to each pixel
Wide and high information, so that it is determined that the left side of this profile, the right side, topmost with nethermost point；
By obtaining width information and the elevation information of uppermost point of left side point, it may be determined that go out one and be positioned at this and take turns
Wide upper left angle point, again by the width information and the elevation information of bottom point that obtain right side point, it may be determined that go out one
The individual bottom right angle point being positioned at this profile, in like manner can determine that the point in the upper right corner and the lower left corner.
Wherein, two datum marks determined according to step 200, correspond to original section up, determining can exposure region
The boundary rectangle in territory, complete to former section can the intercepting of exposure area, obtain the gross area needing exposure, intercepting region according to
Need the amplification of the wide and a height of maximum limit equal proportion of exposure area, then the image after amplification and exposure overall size size
The step 300 that black background merges includes:
First correspond to former section up with the coordinate in the upper left corner determined before and the lower right corner, then connect the two base
On schedule as the diagonal of rectangle, according to this diagonal draw rectangle, this rectangle just for this cut into slices can boundary rectangle；
Obtain the resolution resolution of all projections (specify in this application must be consistent) of multiple projection, according to
The resolution information of projection and placement location of projection, calculate the size in the face needing projection, such as: when two projector weights
Stacking and put and the resolution of each projector is 800 × 600, so the gross area size of projection is exactly 800 × 1200.According to
The area needing projection generates the ater background identical with its area；
Calculating magnification ratio and be amplified intercepting region, circular is as follows: first determine whether to project the gross area
The wide width divided by intercepting region, is designated as X with the height projecting the gross area divided by the height in intercepting region, is designated as Y.By comparing X's and Y
Size, using its medium and small numerical value as benchmark amplification Z, then amplifies the width and height bilinear interpolation intercepting region
Z times；
Image after amplifying merges with black background, and the step of image obtaining finally need to projecting includes:
First obtain the central point of black background, then merge with black background for the image after amplifying with this central point
Center merge；
The gray value of each pixel of image after scanning is amplified successively, skips the scanning next one when gray value is equal to 0
Pixel, when gray value is more than 0, obtains the gray value of this pixel, this gray value is assigned to the identical of black background
Location of pixels, draws the image that finally need to project.
Wherein amplify all of section according to going successively on the basis of the magnification ratio of step 300, all sections amplified
Preserve successively, and the section to preserving is split according to the placement location of projection, and the picture of segmentation is carried out
Process, it is ensured that the step 400 of the seamlessness when projection splicing includes:
Benchmark amplification Z according to step 300, removes to amplify width and the height of all sections, and handle with this amplification
All sections preserve according to the sequencing of exposure；
The section preserved is split, such as according to number and the placement order of projection: two scialyscope overlaps
Placing, i.e. one scialyscope, just on another scialyscope, is at this moment accomplished by section to be horizontally divided into two identical ginsengs
The section of number, is i.e. divided into the section of 800 × 1200 section of two 800 × 600；
The position relationship wherein put projector is made specified below:
It is exactly the expansion of equal proportion that best projection is put, and places if i.e. four projection sieve the most two-by-two are folded, thus may be used
To ensure simply width and the height of a former projection to be exaggerated identical multiple, so can preferably ensure the undistorted of section
Property, if the number of projection cannot ensure that equal proportion expands, then pay the utmost attention to expand its height.
And the picture of segmentation is processed, it is to avoid the interference of part overlapping during projection, specifically comprise the following steps that
First being pretreatment stage, according to the quantity of projector, the pure color generating the different colours equal with its quantity is (non-
Black) section, and each section is every 5 to 10 pixels one black lines of strokes and dots, uses 5 pixels one black in the application
Line；
Remove to catch the black line number of the overlapping region that projector two-by-two launches section with camera, wherein overlapping region is basis
The color of different colours section lap is different from it judging, the black line number of overlapping region calculates overlay region
The pixel count in territory, translates in respective direction the section launched according to these data, so that it is guaranteed that the most overlapping, section is just
Good contact.
The section that these are handled well preserves respectively, the most just can use former face exposure print method by
Layer starts exposure.
A kind of multi-source large scale face exposure 3D Method of printing of the embodiment of the present invention has the advantage that
1) yardstick of exposure is improved；
2) portable, exposure can be quickly generated according to different projectors and projection from the distance of resin storage tank required
The section wanted；
3) printability, the method that this multi-source large scale face exposure 3D prints, it is possible to be applicable to the overwhelming majority without excellent
The model that change processes, the suitability is strong, is once printed as power high.Therefore, the present invention has certain using value and meaning.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the printing schematic diagram as a example by two projectors.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of a kind of multi-source large scale face exposure 3D Method of printing according to embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 3 (a) illustrates a section, and Fig. 3 (b) illustrates the effect to its acquisition profile.
Fig. 4 illustrates the boundary rectangle that Fig. 3 (a) cuts into slices.
Fig. 5 illustrates the result of the image after amplification and the black background fusion of exposure overall size size.
Fig. 6 (a) illustrates the projection of the sectioning image after the segmentation of unprocessed mistake, and Fig. 6 (b) illustrates through place
The projection of the sectioning image after segmentation after reason.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described in detail.It should be noted that do not conflicting
In the case of, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can mutual combination in any.
The present invention provides a kind of multi-source large scale face exposure 3D Method of printing, by each section is processed, from
And reduce interference factor, it is achieved large area exposure, it is mentioned that large scale be according to the quantity of concrete projection depending on, i.e.
Think at least above 100mm × 200mm.
Face exposure 3D printer, main use projector is as light source, and the most important thing is digital micro-mirror in projector
Element (DMD) completes the technology that viewable numbers information shows.Specifically, it is simply that digital light processes (DLP) shadow casting technique should
It is used as Chief treatment element to realize optical digital computing process with digital micro-mirror wafer (DMD).But the most relatively
Large format, to meet the high power density of solidification light simultaneously, would have to increase substantially light intensity, but DMD cannot bear the highest
Light intensity, simultaneously light intensity increase after, system radiating problem is serious.So, the 3D being currently based on DLP technology prints, in processing
Slower development on breadth direction.Therefore, design a kind of algorithm and be applied to the exposure printing of large area face, be wherein this shown in Fig. 1
The schematic diagram of principle, this schematic diagram is as a example by two projectors, wherein, above projector launch for section the first half 1010,
Below projector launch for section lower half 1020, interstitial chiasma part is overlapping region 1030.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of a kind of multi-source large scale face exposure 3D Method of printing of the embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of multi-source large scale face exposure 3D Method of printing, including:
Step 100, all sections of one model of traversal, find in these sections can the maximum section of exposure area,
It is designated as the A that cuts into slices, and processes it afterwards；
Step 200, obtain section A can the profile of exposure area, by profile obtain this can the left side of exposure area,
According to these four points, the right side, topmost and nethermost point, determines that this can the upper left corner, exposure area and the lower right corner or upper right
Angle and the lower left corner o'clock as two datum marks, in like manner can determine that the point in the upper right corner and the lower left corner；
Step 300, two datum marks determined according to step 200, correspond to original section up, determine and can expose
The boundary rectangle in region, complete to former section can the intercepting of exposure area, obtain the gross area needing exposure, intercepting region depended on
According to the amplification of the wide and a height of maximum limit equal proportion needing exposure area, then the image after amplification and exposure overall size size
Black background merge；
Step 400, amplify all of section according to going successively on the basis of the magnification ratio of step 300, all amplify
Section preserves successively, and the section to preserving is split according to the placement location of projection, and the picture to segmentation
Process, it is ensured that the seamlessness when projection splicing.
Wherein, process step 100 to include:
Sub-step 110, add up the number that gray scale is 255 of pixel in every section, number N added up and correspondence
Picture store.
Sub-step 120, by the picture that stores before and number N of the pixel that gray scale is 255 of its correspondence, logical
The size crossing more every section N draws that maximum section of the N stored before, and it is designated as A.
Further, step 200 includes:
Sub-step 210, obtain section A can the profile of exposure area, as it is shown on figure 3, point all of in profile is carried out
Traversal, according to width and the high information of each pixel, so that it is determined that the left side of this profile, the right side, topmost and under
The point in face.
The left side that sub-step 220, basis determine before, the right side, topmost with nethermost point, with left side point
Width information and the elevation information of uppermost point, it may be determined that go out a upper left angle point being positioned at this profile, with right side point
Width information and the elevation information of bottom point, it may be determined that go out a bottom right angle point being positioned at this profile, in like manner can determine that
The upper right corner and the point in the lower left corner.
Further, step 300 includes:
Sub-step 310, the coordinate in the upper left corner determined before and the lower right corner is corresponded to former section up, then connect this
Two datum marks, as the diagonal of rectangle, draw rectangle according to this diagonal, this rectangle just cut into slices for this can external square
Shape, as shown in Figure 4.
Sub-step 320, (resolution specifying all projections in this patent must be to obtain the resolution of multiple projection
Consistent), according to resolution information and the placement location of projection of projection, calculate the size in the face needing projection.
Such as: when being 800 × 600 the resolution of two projector overlaps placements and each projector, so project
Gross area size be exactly 800 × 1200.The area projected as required generates the ater background identical with its area.
Sub-step 330, calculating magnification ratio are amplified intercepting region, and circular is as follows: first determine whether to throw
The width of firing association's area, divided by the width in intercepting region, is designated as X with the height projecting the gross area divided by the height in intercepting region, is designated as Y.Pass through
The relatively size of X and Y, using its medium and small numerical value as benchmark amplification Z, then to width and the high bilinearity intercepting region
Interpolation method amplifies Z times.
Sub-step 340, will amplify after image merge with black background, obtain the image that finally need to project.
Wherein, sub-step 340 can specific as follows be implemented:
First obtain the central point of black background, then merge with black background for the image after amplifying with this central point
Center merge；
The gray value of each pixel of image after scanning is amplified successively, skips the scanning next one when gray value is equal to 0
Pixel, when gray value is more than 0, obtains the gray value of this pixel, this gray value is assigned to the identical of black background
Location of pixels, draws the image that finally need to project.If Fig. 5 is the black background of the image after amplifying and exposure overall size size
The result merged.
Described step 400 includes:
Sub-step 410, benchmark amplification Z according to step 300, remove to amplify the width of all sections with this amplification
And height, and all sections are preserved according to the sequencing of exposure.
Sub-step 420, preserve section according to projection number and placement order split, such as: two
Scialyscope overlap is placed, and i.e. one scialyscope, just on another scialyscope, is at this moment accomplished by section to be horizontally divided into
The section of two identical parameters, is i.e. divided into the section of 800 × 1200 section of two 800 × 600；
The position relationship wherein put projector is made specified below:
It is exactly the expansion of equal proportion that best projection is put, and places if i.e. four projection sieve the most two-by-two are folded, thus may be used
To ensure simply width and the height of a former projection to be exaggerated identical multiple, so can preferably ensure the undistorted of section
Property, if the number of projection cannot ensure that equal proportion expands, then pay the utmost attention to expand its height.
Sub-step 430, picture to segmentation process, it is to avoid the interference of part overlapping during projection.
Wherein, sub-step 430 can specific as follows be implemented:
First being pretreatment stage, according to the quantity of projector, the pure color generating the different colours equal with its quantity is (non-
Black) section, and each section is every 5 to 10 pixels one black lines of strokes and dots, uses 5 pixels one black in the application
Line；
Remove to catch the black line number of the overlapping region that projector two-by-two launches section with camera, wherein overlapping region is basis
The color of different colours section lap is different from it judging, the black line number of overlapping region calculates overlay region
The pixel count in territory, translates in respective direction the section launched according to these data, so that it is guaranteed that I am overlapping, section is just
Good contact.Being wherein the projection of sectioning image after the segmentation of unprocessed mistake as shown in Fig. 6 (a), (b) is through processing
After segmentation after the projection of sectioning image.
Sub-step 440, the section that these are handled well preserve respectively, and the exposure of former face the most just can be used to beat
The method of print successively starts exposure.
A kind of multi-source large scale face exposure 3D Method of printing of the embodiment of the present invention has the advantage that
1) yardstick of exposure is improved；
2) portable, exposure can be quickly generated according to different projectors and projection from the distance of resin storage tank required
The section wanted；
3) printability, the method that this multi-source large scale face exposure 3D prints, it is possible to be applicable to the overwhelming majority without excellent
The model that change processes, the suitability is strong, is once printed as power high.Therefore, the present invention has certain using value and meaning.
Claims (10)
1. a multi-source large scale face exposure 3D Method of printing, comprises the following steps:
Step 100, all sections of one model of traversal, find in these sections can the maximum section of exposure area, it is remembered
For section A；
Step 200, obtain section A can the profile of exposure area, by profile obtain this can the Far Left of exposure area, the rightest
Limit, topmost and nethermost point, according to these four points determine this can the upper left corner, exposure area and the lower right corner or the upper right corner and
The lower left corner is as two datum marks；
Step 300, two datum marks determined according to step 200, correspond to cut into slices A up, determining can be outside exposure area
Connect rectangle, complete to section A can the intercepting of exposure area, obtain the gross area needing exposure, expose according to needing intercepting region
The amplification of the wide and a height of maximum limit equal proportion in region, then the black back of the body of the image after amplification with exposure overall size size
Scape merges；
Step 400, amplify all of section according to going successively on the basis of the magnification ratio of step 300, all sections amplified
Preserve successively, and the section to preserving is split according to the placement location of projection, and to ensure in projection splicing
Time seamlessness mode to segmentation picture process.
The most the method for claim 1, wherein step 100 includes following sub-step:
Add up the number that gray scale is 255 of pixel in every section, the number added up and corresponding picture are stored；
By the number of the pixel that gray scale is 255 of the picture stored before and its correspondence, before comparing and drawing
Most section of counting of storage, is designated as, it, the A that cuts into slices.
The most the method for claim 1, wherein step 200 includes following sub-step:
Obtain section A can the profile of exposure area, point all of in profile is traveled through, according to the width of each pixel and
High information, so that it is determined that the Far Left of this profile, rightmost, topmost with nethermost point；
According to the Far Left determined before, rightmost, topmost and nethermost point, by the width information of Far Left point and go up most
The elevation information of cake, determines a upper left angle point being positioned at this profile, with the width information of rightmost point and bottom point
Elevation information, determine a bottom right angle point being positioned at this profile, in like manner determine the point in the upper right corner and the lower left corner.
4. the method as according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein, in step 300,
Correspond to former section up with the height-width information in the upper left corner determined and the lower right corner, then connect the two datum mark
As the diagonal of rectangle, draw rectangle according to this diagonal, this rectangle just boundary rectangle of section for this；
Then, the resolution of multiple projection is obtained, wherein, it is stipulated that the resolution of all projections must be consistent, according to projection
Resolution information and place location of projection, calculate the size in face needing projection, the area projected as required generate with
The ater background that its area is identical；
Calculating magnification ratio and be amplified intercepting region, circular is as follows: first determine whether that the width projecting the gross area removes
To intercept the width in region, it is designated as X with the height projecting the gross area divided by the height in intercepting region, is designated as Y, by comparing the big of X and Y
Little, using its medium and small numerical value as benchmark amplification Z, then the width and height bilinear interpolation intercepting region is amplified Z
Times；
Image after amplifying carries out merging with black background and obtains the image that finally need to project.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, wherein, in step 400,
Benchmark amplification Z times according to step 300, removes to amplify width and the height of all sections with this amplification, and institute
Having cuts into slices preserves according to the sequencing of exposure；
The section preserved is split according to number and the placement order of projection；And the picture of segmentation is processed
The interference of part overlapping during to avoid projecting.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein, described method uses two projector overlaps to place, and each projector
Resolution be all 800 × 600, the gross area size of projection is 800 × 1200.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein, a scialyscope is just on another scialyscope, and section is by laterally
Being divided into the section of two identical parameters, wherein, the section of 800 × 1200 is divided into the section of two 800 × 600.
8. method as claimed in claim 4, wherein, the image after amplifying carries out merging with black background and obtains final
The sub-step of the image that need to project includes:
First the central point of black background is obtained, in then merging with black background with this central point for the image after amplifying
Heart position is merged；
The gray value of each pixel of image after scanning is amplified successively, skips the next pixel of scanning when gray value is equal to 0
Point, when gray value is more than 0, obtains the gray value of this pixel, this gray value is assigned to the same pixel of black background
Position, draws the image that finally need to project.
Method the most as described in any of claims 5, wherein, overlapping when processing the picture split to avoid projecting
The sub-step of interference of part include:
Pretreatment stage, according to the quantity of projector, generates the pure color equal with its quantity but non-black section, and each section
Every 5 to 10 pixels one black lines of strokes and dots, the application uses one black line of 5 pixels；
Then, removing to catch the black line number of the overlapping region that projector two-by-two launches section with camera, wherein overlapping region is root
Being different from it judging according to the color of different colours section lap, the black line number of overlapping region calculates overlap
The pixel count in region, translates in respective direction the section launched according to these data, so that it is guaranteed that the most overlapping, section
Just contact；
Finally, the section that these are handled well preserves respectively, and use face exposure Method of printing successively exposes.
Method the most as described in any of claims 5, wherein, the position relationship wherein put projector makees following rule
Fixed:
It is exactly the expansion of equal proportion that best projection is put, and places if i.e. four projection sieve the most two-by-two are folded, if the number of projection
Cannot ensure that equal proportion expands, then pay the utmost attention to expand its height.
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