CN106041589A - Clamp device for machining large-sized thin-walled impeller and finish machining method of large-sized thin-walled impeller - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a clamp device for machining a large-sized thin-walled impeller and a finish machining method of the large-sized thin-walled impeller. The clamp device comprises a bottom plate. A first concave part and a second concave part are arranged on the working face of the bottom plate. The first concave part is matched with a first round face at the end part of the impeller. The second concave part is matched with a second round face at the end part of the impeller. A first pressing part pressing the wall of the impeller is arranged on the edge of the first concave part. A second pressing part used for locking the second round face at the end part of the impeller on the bottom plate is detachably arranged in the center of the second concave part. The first round face at the end part of the impeller is positioned by the first concave part, and the impeller is locked on the bottom plate through the first pressing part, so that welding is not required, and fixing is convenient and quick; after the impeller is machined for the first time, the second round face of the impeller is positioned by the second concave part and is fastened by the second pressing part, so that the impeller is machined step by step, the condition that by the reason of a clamp or other factors, a certain face is not processed is avoided, and the surface precision of the impeller is improved.

Description

Large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing device and finish turning processing method

Technical field

The present invention relates to Impeller Machining field, more particularly to large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing device and large-scale thin Wall impeller finish turning processing method.

Background technology

Centrifugal compressor or centrifugal pump are used for providing pressurization for the flowing of various fluids.This compressor or centrifugal pump comprise Impeller, when the impeller is rotated, fluid axial direction enters, and then accelerates into circumference and radial direction, and high flow rate fluid enters Diffuser, exports high-pressure fluid after converted speed, to this type of compressor or centrifugal pump, the impeller used is generally alloy essence Close casting large-scale thin-walled impeller.Which kind of, regardless of to impeller, need to be machined out impeller such as car after casting or manufacture Just can come into operation after processing, heat treatment, high-speed test (HST), also be such to large thin-wall impeller, but in prior art not , if using existing fixture to carry out clamping, there is following a few side in the jig for machining arranged for large thin-wall impeller The problem in face:

1) relatively thin due to the wall ratio of impeller, in particular for large thin-wall double shrouded wheel, thinnest part is less than 1.2mm, directly Clamping easily causes deformation and ruptures, and impeller is caused damage, the difficulty that has been follow-up Vehicle Processing band the most further, and After in most cases damaging impeller, impeller will be scrapped, and considerably increases production cost；

2) complex because of clamping tool, face more on impeller is not machined into, and reduces Vehicle Processing largely Precision；

3) impeller is directly arranged on impeller support base plate, does not carry out impeller an effective location, easily sending out Raw radial deflection, so easily makes impeller surface crack because of vibrations during Vehicle Processing, concurrently there are bigger peace Full hidden danger, reduces machining accuracy further；

4) fixture for processing can not play quick positioning action, therefore wastes more clamping alignment time.

5) on the impeller vanes welding clamp ring or when casting impeller adding technology annulus, follow-up polishing or repair type increase Add machining period, and be unfavorable for that unfamiliar workman operates.

6) impeller is cast member, and integral surface poor flatness positions inaccurate, and fixing centering efficiency is low, adds during Vehicle Processing Work precision reduces, and easily makes workpiece deform, and yield rate is low.

Accordingly, it would be desirable to turbine clamp for machining and processing method are researched and analysed further.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing Device, by arranging two or more recesses, it is achieved stably fix impeller, fast and easy finds location accurately, can make leaf Wheel stress equalization, it is to avoid impeller is caused damage, is effectively increased turbine working (machining) efficiency.

Additionally provide a kind of large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing device, by arranging a recess, the first compressing member With the second compressing member, conveniently impeller is stably fixed, can quickly realize the location to impeller, quickly determine impeller benchmark Face, improves working (machining) efficiency.

Additionally provide a kind of large thin-wall impeller finish turning processing method, by carrying out solid to two end faces of impeller sequence by several times Fixed, it is achieved the accurate Vehicle Processing to each end face of impeller, it is to avoid to some face because of fixture or other reasons unprocessed feelings Condition occurs, and improves turbine finished surface precision.

In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that

The scheme that the present invention provides is: large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing device, and including base plate, base plate works Face is provided with the first recess and the second recess, and when impeller is horizontally disposed with, great circle face, impeller end is impeller end the first disc, leaf The little disc of wheel end is impeller end the second disc, and the first recess coordinates with impeller end the first disc, the second recess and impeller End the second disc coordinates, and the edge of the first recess is provided with the first compressing member for compressing impeller wall, the center of the second recess It is provided with dismountable the second compressing member for impeller end the second disc being lock onto base plate, such first recess and impeller end Portion's the first disc coordinates, and plays a quick positioning action, effectively prevents impeller from sliding simultaneously and radial deflection occurs, and first compresses Impeller is lock onto base plate by part, and when impeller is double shrouded wheel, impeller under impeller can be compressed and i.e. realize by the first compressing member Whole compression to impeller；After impeller overturns, the second recess coordinates with impeller end the second disc, plays quickly location equally Effect, is fixed by the second compressing member.

Wherein, when great circle face, impeller end under, roundlet face, impeller end is when upper, and the impeller of top is upper impeller, under The impeller of side is lower impeller.

Further, also including the i-th recess being located at base plate work surface, i is more than or equal to 3, removes the first recess and the After two recesses, it is also possible to arrange recesses many again, for realizing the location to multiple different size impeller end faces, improve base plate and make Versatility.

Preferably, with one heart or eccentric setting, or the two is set up in parallel, for saving for described first recess and described second recess Space, the preferably first recess and the second recess are arranged concentrically, when there being the 3rd recess, the stepped setting of multiple recesses.

The shape of recess is the most identical with the shape of impeller end face, or can be zigzag fashion around recess, both side Just location quick to impeller, convenient again takes out impeller, because of the end face one of impeller big one little, therefore, the first recess is big fixed Circle of position, the second recess is little setting circle.

Further, for fast aligning, grip device also include being located at described first recess edge for positioning leaf The keeper of wheel position, keeper and the respective maximum height of the first compressing member are less than the height of impeller on impeller so that location Part is between upper impeller and lower impeller, and when arranging impeller, locating piece is located between adjacent two blades, with impeller under impeller Inner surface contact ensures the determination of datum level, makes adjustment block contact with impeller under impeller by adjusting the height of adjustment block；Equally Ground, compressing member is located between adjacent two blades equally, compresses lower impeller above lower impeller.

Described first compressing member is respectively equipped with multiple with described keeper, and the two is symmetrical arranged, multiple first compressing members with The edge of described first recess is uniformly located at keeper interval, and such setting can guarantee that the stress balance of impeller, arranges symmetry, Avoid thin-walled impeller is caused damage.

Further, described first compressing member and described keeper are each provided with the first perforate, and securing member is opened through first First compressing member and keeper are rotatably disposed in the work surface of described base plate by hole, because the first recess size is more than impeller end First disc, when fastening, the first perforate selecting compressing member is slotted hole, the convenient adjustment to compressing member position.

Further, in order to ensure the equilibrium of stress, the first compressing member being additionally provided with the second perforate, securing member passes through second First compressing member is anchored on base plate by perforate, plays further fastening effect.

During Vehicle Processing, in order to quickly impeller be positioned, shorten the clamping time, described in base plate work surface Being provided with adjustment block groove between first recess and described second recess, arrange adjustment block in adjustment block groove, the bottom of adjustment block groove is opened Having the 3rd perforate, securing member is used for adjusting the height of adjustment block, described adjustment block and the first compressing member or fixed through the 3rd perforate Position part is correspondingly arranged the most up and down, it is also possible to non-one_to_one corresponding, when the first compressing member or keeper are in closed position, both along The diameter of impeller is arranged.

Additionally, described second compressing member includes that securing member is worn for covering the clam member at impeller central shaft bore surface Cross clam member, impeller central axis hole fastens with base plate, and when impeller is positioned in little setting circle, clamp device is through fastening pressure Plate, impeller central fasten with base plate；Described clamp device is preferably hold-down bolt, it is also possible to be steel bolt, and the upper and lower two ends of steel bolt lead to Crossing nut to fasten respectively, because of the setting of central shaft hole, described clam member lower surface is provided with the step for coordinating with impeller, side Just the location to clam member, additionally, for improving the stability fastened, securing member is triangularly arranged.

Above scheme passes through the first recess, the setting of the second recess, it is achieved initial alignment to impeller in machining process, Quick and convenient, facilitate centering by keeper, shorten alignment time, by the first compressing member and the second compressing member respectively to impeller Compress, effectively prevent the damage to thin-walled impeller.

The scheme that the present invention provides can be not only used for the Vehicle Processing to impeller, it is also possible to for adding other machines of impeller Work, as plane, milling, riveting etc. are processed.

Second scheme that the present invention provides is: large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing device, including base plate, base plate work Be provided with a recess as face, recess coordinates with place, great circle face, impeller end work surface, and the edge of recess is provided with for by impeller end Portion's the first disc lock onto the first compressing member of base plate, is detachably provided with for by impeller end the second circle on base plate work surface Face lock onto the second compressing member of base plate and is provided with the second compressing member.

The program eliminates the second recess in the first string, can meet equally and position the quick of impeller, now, the In two compressing members, the best multiple bolts of clam member fasten, and multiple bolts are arranged in the way of Atria summit, or Person is fastened with the bolt of circular manner layout by four, it is simple to improve stability.

The 3rd scheme that the present invention provides is:

A kind of large thin-wall impeller finish turning processing method, specifically comprises the following steps that

1) great circle face, impeller end is positioned in the first recess of base plate work surface；

2) rotary setting the first compressing member on base plate is to closed position, compresses impeller under impeller and passes through fastening Part is locked；

3) use lathe machining device that inner circle, curved surface and the end face of impeller carry out accurate machining；

4) step 3) complete after, rotate the first compressing member to open position, impeller unloaded and spins upside down, by impeller end Little disc is positioned in the second recess；

5) compressed after impeller by the second compressing member, to step 4) in unprocessed impeller face carry out Precision Machining

Wherein, in described step 1) need before impeller is cleared up burr, need impeller after setting impeller Adjusting levelness, specifically method of adjustment is: arrange adjustment block groove in impeller baseplate, arranges adjustment block in adjustment block groove, adjusts The bottom of monoblock groove has the 3rd perforate, and securing member is used for adjusting the height of adjustment block through the 3rd perforate, and in step 1) Need adjustment block groove is cleaned out, it is to avoid falling into of impurity before, and affect finish turning processing.

Described step 5) in compress impeller method be: clam member is set at impeller top, is connected by hold-down bolt Clam member and base plate.

In described step 2) carry out before, rotate the standard setting block be located on base plate to closed position, and adjust and be located at the end Adjustment block in plate, it is ensured that adjustment block contacts with impeller.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1) impeller end the first disc is positioned by arranging the first recess, and by the first compressing member by impeller lock Tight in base plate, it is not necessary to welding, convenient fixing is quick, after the machining that impeller carries out the first round；Second recess pair is set again Impeller the second disc positions, and is fastened by the second compressing member, it is achieved a point ordered pair impeller is machined out, it is to avoid right Because of fixture or other reasons, unprocessed situation occurs in some face, improves impeller surface precision.

2) by arranging multiple first compressing member and keeper, from all directions impeller compressed or position, both Ensure that and mach effectively carry out, improve the safety coefficient of operation element, simultaneously, it is to avoid the damage to thin-walled impeller.

3) being contacted with impeller by adjustment adjustment block, cooperation keeper connects with datum level (impeller inner surface under impeller) Touch, improve alignment quality, prevent impeller generation fixed deformation.

4) it is not higher than the height of impeller on impeller by the rational height of keeper and the first compressing member, it is achieved leaf on impeller Plate and the location of inferior lobe board space Leaf, and the compression of lower impeller in space, it is to avoid directly destroying impeller outer surface.

5) by the use of impeller grip device, working (machining) efficiency improves 150%, and yield rate improves 100%.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is schematic diagram time in impeller snaps in big setting circle in the present invention；

Fig. 2 is schematic diagram time in impeller snaps in little setting circle in the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the top view of grip device in the present invention；

Fig. 4 is the top view of compact heap in the present invention；

Fig. 5 is the sectional view of compact heap in the present invention；

Fig. 6 is the sectional view of locating piece in the present invention；

Wherein, 1. locating piece, 2. hold-down bolt A, 3. adjustment block, 4. adjust bolt, the least setting circle, 6. impeller, the 7. end Plate, 8. compact heap, 9. compression carrying bolt, 10. hold-down bolt B, 11. hold-down bolt C, 12. clam members, 13. big setting circles, 14. adjustment block grooves, 15. open positions, 16. closed position.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Whole description.

Embodiment 1

Large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing device, including base plate 7, base plate 7 upper surface be provided with multiple two for Block the first recess and second recess of impeller end face, because of the end face one of impeller 6 big one little, therefore the first recess and second Big setting circle 13 in recess i.e. Fig. 1 and little setting circle 5, be movably equipped with at multiple compact heaps 8 as first at base plate 7 work surface Compressing member and multiple locating piece 1 are as keeper, and locating piece is accomplished that the location to Impeller Machining benchmark, and machining benchmark is leaf The lower impeller inner surface of wheel, so can realize quickly positioning, and compact heap 8 is rotatably affixed on base plate 7, little setting circle 5 and impeller When end the second disc coordinates, using the second compressing member to fasten, the second compressing member includes for covering at impeller middle spindle The clam member 12 of hole surface, securing member fastens through clam member 12, impeller 6 center with base plate 7, the shape of clam member 12 Can be circular, it is also possible to being polygon, polygon-shaped clam member 12 is easy to take.

It is fixing that being disposed to of two setting circles preferably quickly realizes impeller 6, the shape of setting circle preferably with The shape of impeller 6 end face is identical, or is zigzag fashion around depressed area, has both facilitated and has quickly positioned impeller 6, has the most conveniently taken Go out impeller 6.

In order to, in machining process, quickly impeller 6 be positioned, shorten the clamping time, have at base plate 7 upper surface 8 adjustment block grooves 14, arrange adjustment block 3 in adjustment block groove 14, and for avoiding the destruction to impeller, the material of adjustment block 3 is aluminum Or other soft metals, the accuracy ensureing location is contacted by 6 times impeller of adjustment block 3 and impeller, base plate 7 is provided with and adjustment block 3rd perforate of groove 14 connection, is adjusted bolt 4 and is adjusted the height of adjustment block 3 by the 3rd perforate, to facilitate impeller levelness Adjustment, the 3rd perforate can vertically open in base plate 7, and wherein, the adjustment block coordinated with compact heap is applied not only to location, simultaneously with Compact heap coordinates plays a supporting role, and effectively prevents the generation that impeller deforms during Vehicle Processing.

Securing member is preferably hold-down bolt B10, as it is shown in figure 1, set for the hold-down bolt perforate through hold-down bolt B10 In the middle part of compact heap 8, being provided with compression carrying bolt 9 at compact heap 8 away from the end of impeller 6, securing member can also be steel bolt, Two ends are fastened respectively by nut up and down.

Described compact heap 8 compresses carrying bolt 9 by hold-down bolt and is rotatably affixed on base plate 7, and locating piece 1 is by pressure Tight bolt A2 is rotatably affixed on base plate 7, and compact heap 8 is provided with hold-down bolt perforate, and hold-down bolt B10 passes perforate and the end Plate 7 is fixed, and when the grip device free time, compact heap 8 and positioning datum block 1 are in open position, will not interfere with putting of impeller 6 Putting, after placing impeller 6, impeller 6 is fastened by compact heap 8 and locating piece 1, because of multiple compact heaps 8 with locating piece 1 end of at It is uniformly arranged on impeller 6 on plate 7 around, symmetry is set, as it is shown on figure 3, thin-walled impeller will not be caused damage；It is embodied as During, preferably compact heap 8 and locating piece 1 are all set to elongate in shape, it is simple to operate and rotate；And one end of compact heap 8 is Good size gradually tapers up, it is simple on straight line, compact heap 8 aligns with locating piece 1, and compact heap 8 is for compressing the end of impeller Thicker than the other end thickness, as shown in figures 4-6.

Embodiment 2

Large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing device, including base plate, base plate work surface is provided with a recess, recess and impeller Big disc place, end work surface coordinates, and the edge of recess is provided with for impeller end the first disc is lock onto the first of base plate Compressing member, is detachably provided with on base plate work surface and sets for the second compressing member that impeller end the second disc lock onto base plate There is the second compressing member.

The program eliminates the second recess in the first string, can meet equally and position the quick of impeller, now, the The bolt that in two compressing members, clam member is arranged preferably by triangle fastens, it is simple to improve stability.

In the present embodiment, other structures are identical with the structure in embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3

A kind of large thin-wall impeller finish turning processing method, specifically comprises the following steps that

1, base plate 7 is fixed on the workbench of lathe also centering；

2, clean out in adjustment block groove 14, adjustment block 3 is placed in adjustment block groove 14, locating piece 1 and compact heap 8 Adjust in open position 15；

3, impeller 6 bottom surface deburred is clean, the big circular bottom surface of impeller 6 after rough turn is placed in big setting circle 13；

4, locating piece 1 is adjusted to closed position 16, screws the adjustment bolt 4 of correspondence then up, make everywhere adjustment block 3 All contact with impeller under impeller, and make locating piece be in close contact with impeller datum level；

5, compact heap 8 is adjusted to closed position, screws the adjustment bolt 4 of correspondence then up, make everywhere adjustment block 3 all Contact with impeller, then impeller wall is fixed to clamp by compact heap 8, as shown in Figure 1；

6, after location centering completes, inner circle, curved surface and the end face of impeller 6 is carried out accurate machining；

7, after machining, impeller 6 is unloaded, spins upside down impeller, little for impeller disc is placed in little setting circle 5；

8, clam member 12 is connected impeller 6 and base plate 7 by hold-down bolt C11, as shown in Figure 2；

9, after location centering completes, unprocessed face in impeller 6 step 6 is carried out accurate Vehicle Processing.

After above-mentioned process finishing, the polish of whole impeller 6 terminates.

By above step, simplifying the step of impeller finish turning processing, working (machining) efficiency improves 150%, and be difficult to right Impeller causes damage, yield rate to bring up to 100%, and effect is preferable.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For Yuan, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing device, it is characterised in that include that base plate, base plate work surface are provided with the first recess With the second recess, the first recess coordinates with impeller end the first disc, and the second recess coordinates with impeller end the second disc, and first The edge of recess is provided with the first compressing member for compressing impeller wall, and the center of the second recess is detachably provided with for by impeller end Portion's the second disc lock onto the second compressing member of base plate.

2. large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include being located at base plate The i-th recess of work surface, i is more than or equal to 3, described first recess and described second recess with one heart or eccentric setting, or the two It is set up in parallel.

3. large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include being located at described The keeper for positioning impeller location at the first recess edge, keeper and the respective maximum height of the first compressing member are less than leaf The height of impeller on wheel.

4. large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described first compressing member Being respectively equipped with multiple with described keeper, the two is symmetrical arranged, and multiple first compressing members and keeper interval are uniformly located at described The edge of the first recess.

5. the large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing device as described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that described first pressure Tight part is each provided with the first perforate with described keeper, and securing member is rotatable with keeper by the first compressing member through the first perforate Being arranged at the work surface of described base plate, the first perforate of the first compressing member is slotted hole.

6. large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that on the first compressing member also Being provided with the second perforate, the first compressing member is anchored on base plate by the second perforate by securing member.

7. the large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing device as described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that work at base plate It is provided with adjustment block groove between described first recess and described second recess in face, adjustment block, adjustment block groove are set in adjustment block groove Bottom have the 3rd perforate, securing member through the 3rd perforate for adjusting the height of adjustment block, described adjustment block and the first pressure Tight part or keeper are correspondingly arranged the most up and down.

8. the large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing device as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 6, it is characterised in that described Second compressing member includes that securing member passes in clam member, impeller for covering the clam member at impeller central shaft bore surface Arbor hole fastens with base plate, and described clam member lower surface is provided with the step for coordinating with impeller.

9. large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing device, it is characterised in that include that base plate, base plate work surface are provided with a recess, Recess coordinates with place, great circle face, impeller end work surface, and the edge of recess is provided with for being lock onto by impeller end the first disc First compressing member of base plate, base plate work surface is detachably provided with for impeller end the second disc is lock onto base plate Two compressing members are provided with the second compressing member.

10. a large thin-wall impeller finish turning processing method, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that

1) great circle face, impeller end is positioned in the first recess of base plate work surface；

2) rotary setting the first compressing member on base plate is to closed position, compresses impeller under impeller and is locked by securing member Tightly；

3) use lathe machining device that inner circle, curved surface and the end face of impeller carry out accurate machining；

4) step 3) complete after, rotate the first compressing member to open position, impeller unloaded and spins upside down, by impeller end roundlet Face is positioned in the second recess；

5) compressed after impeller by the second compressing member, to step 4) in unprocessed impeller face carry out Precision Machining.