CN205852360U - Large thin-wall turbine fixture for processing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fixture device for machining large-scale thin-walled impellers. The fixture device includes a base plate. The working surface of the base plate is provided with a first recess and a second recess. The first recess cooperates with the first circular surface of the impeller end, and the second recess matches the The second circular surface at the end of the impeller fits, the edge of the first recess is provided with a first pressing member for pressing the impeller wall, and the center of the second recess is detachably provided with a second circular surface at the end of the impeller to be locked to the bottom plate The second pressing part of the utility model locates the first circular surface of the impeller end by setting the first concave part, and locks the impeller to the bottom plate through the first pressing part, without welding, and the fixing is convenient and quick. After the first round of machining, the second concave part is set to position the second round surface of the impeller, and the second pressing part is used to fasten the impeller, so as to realize the machining of the impeller in sequence, and avoid certain surfaces due to fixture Or other reasons without processing, improve the surface accuracy of the impeller.

Description

Fixture device for machining of large thin-walled impeller

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of impeller processing, in particular to a fixture device for machining large thin-walled impellers.

Background technique

Centrifugal compressors or centrifugal pumps are used to provide pressurization for various fluid flows. This type of compressor or centrifugal pump contains an impeller. When the impeller rotates, the fluid enters in the axial direction, and then accelerates into the circumferential and radial directions. The high-velocity fluid enters the diffuser, and the high-pressure fluid is output after the speed is converted. For this type For compressors or centrifugal pumps, the impellers used are generally large thin-walled alloy precision casting impellers. No matter what kind of impeller, after casting or manufacturing, it is necessary to machine the impeller such as turning, heat treatment, and high-speed test before it can be put into use. The machining jig set for the wall impeller, if the existing jig is used for clamping, there are the following problems:

1) Since the impeller wall is relatively thin, especially for large thin-walled closed impellers, the thinnest part is less than 1.2mm, direct clamping is easy to cause deformation and rupture, causing damage to the impeller, which will not only further bring troubles for subsequent machining Difficulty, and in most cases, after the impeller is damaged, the impeller will be scrapped, which greatly increases the production cost;

2) Due to the complexity of the clamping tool, more surfaces on the impeller have not been machined, which greatly reduces the precision of turning;

3) The impeller is directly set on the impeller support base plate, without an effective positioning of the impeller, it is prone to radial deviation, so it is easy to cause cracks on the surface of the impeller due to vibration during the turning process, and at the same time, there are large Potential safety hazards, further reducing processing accuracy;

4) Fixtures for processing cannot play a role in quick positioning, so a lot of time is wasted for clamping and alignment.

5) Welding the clamp ring on the impeller blade or adding a process ring when casting the impeller will increase the processing time for subsequent grinding or modification, and it is not conducive to the operation of inexperienced workers.

6) The impeller is a casting, with poor overall surface flatness, inaccurate positioning, low fixing and alignment efficiency, reduced machining accuracy during turning, and easy deformation of the workpiece, resulting in low yield.

Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further research and analysis on the machining fixture of the impeller.

Utility model content

In order to overcome the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides a large-scale thin-walled impeller machining fixture device, by setting two or more recesses, the impeller can be stably fixed, conveniently and quickly positioned, and can The force on the impeller is balanced, the damage to the impeller is avoided, and the machining efficiency of the impeller is effectively improved.

Also provided is a fixture device for machining large-scale thin-walled impellers. By setting a recess, the first pressing part and the second pressing part, it is convenient to stably fix the impeller, and can quickly realize the positioning of the impeller and quickly determine the impeller. Datum surface, improve processing efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

A solution provided by the utility model is: a fixture device for machining large-scale thin-walled impellers, including a bottom plate, and the working surface of the bottom plate is provided with a first recess and a second recess. When the impeller is set horizontally, the large circular surface at the end of the impeller is the end of the impeller The first circular surface, the small circular surface at the end of the impeller is the second circular surface at the end of the impeller, the first recess matches the first circular surface at the end of the impeller, the second recess cooperates with the second circular surface at the end of the impeller, and the first recess cooperates with the second circular surface at the end of the impeller. The edge is provided with a first pressing piece for pressing the impeller wall, and the center of the second recess is provided with a detachable second pressing piece for locking the second round surface of the impeller end to the bottom plate, so that the first recess Cooperate with the first circular surface at the end of the impeller to quickly position and effectively prevent the impeller from sliding in the radial direction. The first pressing part locks the impeller to the bottom plate. When the impeller is a closed impeller, the first The pressing part can press the lower blade of the impeller to realize the entire pressing of the impeller; when the impeller is overturned, the second concave part cooperates with the second round surface of the end of the impeller, which also plays a role of quick positioning. Fasteners are fixed.

Wherein, when the large circular surface at the end of the impeller is at the bottom and the small circular surface at the end of the impeller is at the top, the upper blade is the upper blade, and the lower blade is the lower blade.

Further, it also includes the i-th recess arranged on the working surface of the bottom plate, i is greater than or equal to 3, and after removing the first recess and the second recess, more recesses can be provided to realize the adjustment of the end faces of the impellers with different sizes. Positioning to improve the versatility of the base plate use.

Preferably, the first recess and the second recess are arranged concentrically or eccentrically, or both are arranged side by side. In order to save space, it is preferable that the first recess and the second recess are arranged concentrically. When there is a third recess, The multiple recesses are arranged in a step shape.

The shape of the concave part is preferably the same as the shape of the end surface of the impeller, or it can be in a sawtooth shape around the concave part, which is convenient for quick positioning of the impeller and easy to take out the impeller. Because the end surfaces of the impellers are one big and one small, the first concave part is the largest positioning circle, the second recess is a small positioning circle.

Further, for quick alignment, the fixture device also includes a positioning piece arranged on the edge of the first recess for positioning the position of the impeller, and the respective highest heights of the positioning piece and the first pressing piece are lower than the height of the upper blade of the impeller , so that the positioning piece is located between the upper blade and the lower blade. When setting the impeller, the positioning block is set between two adjacent blades, and contacts with the inner surface of the lower blade of the impeller to ensure the determination of the reference plane. By adjusting the adjustment block The height of the adjustment block is in contact with the lower blade of the impeller; similarly, the pressing member is also arranged between two adjacent blades, and compresses the lower blade from above the lower blade.

The first pressing member and the positioning member are respectively provided with a plurality, and the two are arranged symmetrically, and the plurality of first pressing members and the positioning members are evenly spaced on the edge of the first recess, such an arrangement can ensure The force of the impeller is balanced and the setting is symmetrical to avoid damage to the thin-walled impeller.

Further, the first pressing piece and the positioning piece are each provided with a first opening, and the fastener passes through the first opening to rotatably arrange the first pressing piece and the positioning piece on the bottom plate. On the surface, because the size of the first recess is larger than the first circular surface at the end of the impeller, the first opening of the pressing part is selected as an oblong hole when fastening, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the pressing part.

Further, in order to ensure the balance of the force, the first pressing member is also provided with a second opening, and the fastener fastens the first pressing member to the bottom plate through the second opening to further fasten it.

In the turning process, in order to quickly position the impeller and shorten the clamping time, an adjustment block groove is provided between the first recess and the second recess on the working surface of the bottom plate, and an adjustment block is arranged in the adjustment block groove. The bottom of the adjustment block groove has a third opening, and the fastener passes through the third opening to adjust the height of the adjustment block. There is no one-to-one correspondence, and when the first pressing part or the positioning part is in the closed position, the two are arranged along the diameter of the impeller.

In addition, the second pressing member includes a fastening plate for covering the surface of the central axis hole of the impeller. The fastener passes through the fastening plate, the central axis hole of the impeller and the bottom plate for fastening. When the impeller is placed in the small positioning circle , the fastening device passes through the fastening plate, the center of the impeller and the bottom plate to fasten; the fastening device is preferably a compression bolt, or a steel bolt, and the upper and lower ends of the steel bolt are respectively fastened by nuts, because the center shaft hole The lower surface of the fastening plate is provided with a step for cooperating with the impeller, which facilitates the positioning of the fastening plate. In addition, in order to improve the stability of fastening, the fasteners are arranged in a triangular shape.

The above scheme realizes the initial positioning of the impeller during the machining process through the setting of the first concave part and the second concave part, which is fast and convenient. The impellers are respectively pressed against each other, which effectively avoids damage to the thin-walled impeller.

The solution provided by the utility model can not only be used for turning the impeller, but also can be used for other machining of the impeller, such as planing, milling, riveting and other processing.

The second solution provided by the utility model is: a fixture device for machining large-scale thin-walled impellers, including a bottom plate, the working surface of the bottom plate is provided with a recess, the recess is matched with the working surface where the large round surface of the impeller end is located, and the edge of the recess is provided. The first circular surface of the impeller end is locked to the first pressing part of the bottom plate, and the second pressing part for locking the second circular surface of the impeller end to the bottom plate is detachably provided on the working surface of the bottom plate. Compression piece.

This solution omits the second recess in the first solution, and can also satisfy the rapid positioning of the impeller. At this time, the fastening plate in the second pressing member is preferably fastened with multiple bolts, and the multiple bolts are arranged in a triangular shape. Arranged in the form of three vertices, or fastened by four bolts arranged in a circular manner, it is convenient to improve stability.

Adopt the first scheme finish turning processing method, concrete steps are as follows:

1) Place the large round surface at the end of the impeller in the first recess of the working surface of the bottom plate;

2) Rotate the first pressing member arranged on the bottom plate to the closed position, press the lower blade of the impeller and lock it through the fastener;

3) The inner circle, curved surface and end surface of the impeller are precisely machined by a lathe processing device;

4) After step 3) is completed, rotate the first pressing member to the open position, remove the impeller and turn it upside down, and place the small round surface at the end of the impeller in the second recess;

5) After pressing the impeller by the second pressing member, perform precision machining on the unprocessed impeller surface in step 4)

Wherein, the impeller needs to be cleaned of burrs before the step 1), and the levelness of the impeller needs to be adjusted after the impeller is set. , there is a third opening at the bottom of the adjustment block groove, and the fastener passes through the third opening to adjust the height of the adjustment block, and the adjustment block groove needs to be cleaned before step 1) to avoid falling of impurities Income, but affect the finish turning.

The method of compressing the impeller in the step 5) is: setting a fastening pressure plate on the top of the impeller, and connecting the fastening pressure plate and the bottom plate through compression bolts.

Before step 2) is performed, rotate the standard positioning block on the bottom plate to the closed position, and adjust the adjustment block on the bottom plate to ensure that the adjustment block is in contact with the impeller.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1) The first circular surface at the end of the impeller is positioned by setting the first concave part, and the impeller is locked to the bottom plate through the first pressing part, no welding is required, and the fixing is convenient and fast. After the first wheel is machined on the impeller ;The second concave part is set to position the second round surface of the impeller, and the second pressing part is used to fasten the impeller, so as to realize the machining of the impeller in sequence, and avoid the situation that some surfaces are not processed due to fixtures or other reasons Occurs, improving the impeller surface precision.

2) By setting multiple first pressing parts and positioning parts, the impeller is pressed or positioned from all directions, which not only ensures the effective machining, improves the safety factor of the operation work, but also avoids damage to the thin-walled impeller. damage.

3) By adjusting the contact between the adjustment block and the impeller, and cooperating with the contact between the positioning piece and the reference surface (the inner surface of the lower blade of the impeller), the positioning quality is improved and the fixed deformation of the impeller is prevented.

4) The positioning of the blades in the space between the upper blade and the lower blade of the impeller and the compression of the lower blade in the space are realized by setting the height of the positioning member and the first pressing member not higher than the height of the upper blade of the impeller to avoid Direct damage to the outer surface of the impeller.

5) Through the use of the impeller fixture device, the processing efficiency is increased by 150%, and the yield is increased by 100%.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram when the impeller is snapped into the large positioning circle in the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram when the impeller is stuck in the small positioning circle in the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the top view of clamp device in the utility model;

Fig. 4 is the top view of pressing block in the utility model;

Fig. 5 is a side sectional view of the pressing block in the utility model;

Fig. 6 is a side sectional view of the positioning block in the utility model;

Among them, 1. positioning block, 2. compression bolt A, 3. adjustment block, 4. adjustment bolt, 5. small positioning circle, 6. impeller, 7. base plate, 8. compression block, 9. compression support bolt , 10. Compression bolt B, 11. Compression bolt C, 12. Fastening pressure plate, 13. Large positioning circle, 14. Adjusting block slot, 15. Open position, 16. Closed position.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

Example 1

The fixture device for large-scale thin-walled impeller machining includes a base plate 7, on the upper surface of the base plate 7 there are two first and second recesses for clamping the end face of the impeller, because one end face of the impeller 6 is large and the other is small, Therefore the first concave part and the second concave part, that is, the large positioning circle 13 and the small positioning circle 5 in Fig. 1, are movable on the bottom plate 7 working surface and are provided with a plurality of pressing blocks 8 as the first pressing parts and a plurality of positioning blocks 1 As a positioning part, the positioning block realizes the positioning of the processing datum of the impeller. The processing datum is the inner surface of the lower blade of the impeller, so that rapid positioning can be realized. The pressing block 8 can be rotatably fixed on the bottom plate 7, and the small positioning circle 5 and the impeller When the second circular surface of the end part is matched, the second pressing member is used for fastening. The second pressing member includes a fastening pressure plate 12 for covering the surface of the center shaft hole of the impeller. The fastener passes through the fastening pressure plate 12, The center of the impeller 6 is fastened to the base plate 7, and the shape of the fastening pressing plate 12 can be circular or polygonal, and the fastening pressing plate 12 of the polygonal shape is convenient to take.

The setting of the two positioning circles is to better and quickly realize the fixation of the impeller 6. The shape of the positioning circle is preferably the same as the shape of the end face of the impeller 6, or the surrounding of the concave part is a zigzag shape, which is convenient for the rapid positioning of the impeller 6 and also It is convenient to take out the impeller 6.

In order to quickly position the impeller 6 and shorten the clamping time during the machining process, eight adjustment block grooves 14 are opened on the upper surface of the bottom plate 7, and the adjustment block 3 is arranged in the adjustment block groove 14, in order to avoid damage to the impeller , the material of the adjustment block 3 is aluminum or other soft metals, the accuracy of positioning is ensured by the contact between the adjustment block 3 and the lower blade of the impeller 6, the bottom plate 7 is provided with a third opening connected with the adjustment block groove 14, and the adjustment bolt 4 The height of the adjustment block 3 is adjusted through the third opening to facilitate the adjustment of the levelness of the impeller. The third opening can be vertically opened in the bottom plate 7, wherein the adjustment block matched with the pressing block is not only used for positioning, but also It cooperates with the pressing block to play a supporting role, effectively preventing the deformation of the impeller during the turning process.

The fastener is preferably a compression bolt B10, as shown in Figure 1, the compression bolt opening for passing through the compression bolt B10 is arranged in the middle of the compression block 8, and at the end of the compression block 8 away from the impeller 6 Compression support bolts 9 are provided, and the fasteners can also be steel bolts, and the upper and lower ends are respectively fastened by nuts.

The pressing block 8 is rotatably fixed on the base plate 7 by pressing the supporting bolt 9 through the pressing bolt, and the positioning block 1 is rotatably fixed on the base plate 7 through the pressing bolt A2, and the pressing block 8 is provided with a pressing bolt opening. hole, the compression bolt B10 passes through the opening and is fixed to the bottom plate 7. When the fixture device is idle, the compression block 8 and the positioning reference block 1 are in the open position 15, which will not interfere with the placement of the impeller 6. After the impeller 6 is placed , the pressing block 8 and the positioning block 1 press the impeller 6 firmly, because a plurality of pressing blocks 8 and the positioning block 1 are evenly arranged around the impeller 6 on the bottom plate 7, and the arrangement is symmetrical, as shown in Figure 3, there will be no cause damage to the thin-walled impeller; in the specific implementation process, it is best to set the compression block 8 and the positioning block 1 as long strips for easy operation and rotation; and the best size of one end of the compression block 8 shrinks gradually, which is convenient The compression block 8 is aligned with the positioning block 1 on a straight line, and the end of the compression block 8 used to compress the impeller is thicker than the other end, as shown in Figures 4-6.

The method for finishing the impeller by using the above-mentioned device, the specific steps are as follows:

1. Fix the bottom plate 7 on the workbench of the machine tool and align it;

2. Clean up the adjustment block groove 14, place the adjustment block 3 in the adjustment block groove 14, and adjust the positioning block 1 and the pressing block 8 to the open position;

3. Clean the burrs on the bottom surface of the impeller 6, and place the large round bottom surface of the impeller 6 after rough turning in the large positioning circle 13;

4. Adjust the positioning block 1 to the closed position 16, and then tighten the corresponding adjusting bolt 4 upwards, so that each adjustment block 3 is in contact with the lower blade of the impeller, and the positioning block is in close contact with the reference surface of the impeller;

5. Adjust the compression block 8 to the closed position, then tighten the corresponding adjustment bolt 4 upwards, so that each adjustment block 3 is in contact with the impeller, and then fix the compression block 8 to clamp the impeller wall, as shown in Figure 1 shown;

6. After the positioning and alignment is completed, perform precision machining on the inner circle, curved surface and end surface of the impeller 6;

7. After the processing is completed, remove the impeller 6, turn the impeller up and down, and place the small round surface of the impeller in the small positioning circle 5;

8. Connect the fastening pressure plate 12 to the impeller 6 and the bottom plate 7 through the compression bolt C11, as shown in Figure 2;

9. After the positioning and alignment are completed, perform precision turning on the unprocessed surface of the impeller 6 in step 6.

After the above processing is finished, the finishing machining of the entire impeller 6 is finished.

Through the above steps, the step of finishing the impeller is simplified, the processing efficiency is increased by 150%, and the impeller is not easy to be damaged, and the yield is increased to 100%, and the effect is good.

Example 2

The fixture device for machining large thin-walled impellers includes a bottom plate. The working surface of the bottom plate is provided with a concave part. The concave part is matched with the working surface where the large round surface of the impeller end is located. The edge of the concave part is provided for locking the first round surface of the impeller end to the bottom plate. The first pressing part is detachably provided on the working surface of the bottom plate for locking the second round surface of the impeller end to the bottom plate. The second pressing part is provided with the second pressing part.

This solution omits the second recess in the first solution, which can also satisfy the rapid positioning of the impeller. At this time, the fastening plate in the second pressing part is preferably fastened by the bolts arranged in a triangle, so as to improve stability sex.

Other structures in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the utility model, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and Retouching should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The fixture device for large-scale thin-walled impeller machining is characterized in that it includes a bottom plate, and the working surface of the bottom plate is provided with a first concave portion and a second concave portion, the first concave portion cooperates with the first circular surface of the end of the impeller, and the second concave portion is matched with the impeller end. The second circular surface at the end is matched, the edge of the first concave part is provided with a first pressing part for pressing the impeller wall, and the center of the second concave part is detachably provided with a locking part for locking the second circular surface at the end of the impeller to the bottom plate. the second pressing piece. 2. The clamping device for processing large thin-walled impellers according to claim 1, further comprising an i-th recess on the working surface of the bottom plate, i is greater than or equal to 3, the first recess and the first recess The two recesses are arranged concentrically or eccentrically, or both are arranged side by side. 3. The clamping device for large-scale thin-walled impeller machining according to claim 1, further comprising a positioning piece arranged on the edge of the first concave portion for positioning the position of the impeller, and the positioning piece is connected to the first pressing The highest height of each part is lower than the height of the vane on the impeller. 4. The clamping device for machining large-scale thin-walled impellers according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of the first pressing member and the positioning member are provided respectively, and the two are arranged symmetrically, and the plurality of first pressing members are arranged symmetrically. The pressing part and the positioning part are evenly spaced on the edge of the first recess. 5. The fixture device for machining large-scale thin-walled impellers according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the first pressing member and the positioning member are each provided with a first opening through which the fastener passes. The first opening rotatably arranges the first pressing part and the positioning part on the working surface of the bottom plate, and the first opening of the first pressing part is an oblong hole. 6. The fixture device for machining large-scale thin-walled impellers according to claim 5, wherein the first pressing member is also provided with a second opening, and the fastener presses the first pressing member through the second opening. Fastened to the bottom plate. 7. The clamping device for large-scale thin-walled impeller machining according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that an adjustment block groove is provided between the first recess and the second recess on the working surface of the bottom plate to adjust An adjustment block is arranged in the block groove, and the bottom of the adjustment block groove has a third opening, and the fastener passes through the third opening to adjust the height of the adjustment block. One up and down corresponds to the setting. 8. The fixture device for machining large thin-walled impellers according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 6, wherein the second pressing member includes a fastening plate for covering the surface of the central shaft hole of the impeller , the fastener passes through the fastening plate, the center axis hole of the impeller and the bottom plate, and the lower surface of the fastening plate is provided with a step for matching with the impeller. 9. The fixture device for large-scale thin-walled impeller machining is characterized in that it includes a bottom plate, and the working surface of the bottom plate is provided with a concave portion, which is matched with the working surface where the large round surface of the impeller end is located, and the edge of the concave portion is provided. The round surface is locked to the first pressing part of the bottom plate, and the second pressing part for locking the second round surface of the impeller end to the bottom plate is detachably provided on the working surface of the bottom plate. 10. The clamping device for large-scale thin-walled impeller machining according to claim 9, further comprising a positioning piece arranged on the edge of the first recess for positioning the position of the impeller, and the positioning piece is connected with the first pressing The highest height of each part is lower than the height of the vane on the impeller.