CN106041076A - Laser fast forming detection system and method for powder laying evenness - Google Patents

Laser fast forming detection system and method for powder laying evenness Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106041076A
CN106041076A CN201610524831.8A CN201610524831A CN106041076A CN 106041076 A CN106041076 A CN 106041076A CN 201610524831 A CN201610524831 A CN 201610524831A CN 106041076 A CN106041076 A CN 106041076A
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Prior art keywords
powder
laser
control system
forming
paving powder
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CN106041076B (en
Inventor
白培康
赵占勇
刘斌
李玉新
王建宏
刘增禄
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Shanxi Yangchen Zhongbei Technology Co.,Ltd.
Shanxi Zhongbei Science Park Co ltd
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North University of China
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/60Planarisation devices; Compression devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/90Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a laser fast forming detection system and method for powder laying evenness and belongs to the technical field of laser fast forming powder laying detection. The laser fast forming detection system and method for powder laying evenness are provided and can monitor whether powder is laid flatly or not in real time and effectively improve the forming quality. According to the adopted technical scheme, a powder laying device, a powder supplying cylinder, a forming cylinder and a material collecting cylinder are arranged in a forming cavity; a laser device and an image collecting device are arranged on the top of the forming cavity; light supplementing lamps are arranged on the two sides of the forming cavity; and the laser device, the image collecting device and the light supplementing lamps are connected with the control system. The laser fast forming detection system and method for powder laying evenness can be widely applied to powder laying evenness detection for laser fast forming.

Description

A kind of laser fast forming paving powder uniformity detecting system and detection method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laser fast forming paving powder uniformity detecting system and detection method, belong to laser the most rapid-result Shape paving powder detection technique field.
Background technology
3D prints (increase material manufacture) technology, is an emerging technology developing rapidly of manufacture field, is referred to as " tool There is the manufacturing technology of industrial revolution meaning ".It is a kind of based on the discrete and manufacturing technology of accumulation principle, and it is by the three-dimensional of part It is discrete that certain way pressed by computer-aided design (CAD) model, becomes machinable discrete, discrete lines and discrete point, then Use physically or chemically means, these discrete faces, line segment and point are piled into part shape.3D printing technique is by being superimposed as The three-dimensional CAD model of design can be converted into the part with certain 26S Proteasome Structure and Function by shape method.With traditional manufacturing technology phase Ratio, " 3D printing " technology possesses following Core Superiority: 1. operation is simple, and the manufacturing cycle is fast.2. it is skillful in somewhat complex design, pushes away Dynamic design innovation, it is achieved by " manufacture and determine design " to the transformation of " design driven manufacture ".3. realize flexible, efficient, economical Small lot manufactures.3D printing technique be mainly used in Aero-Space, weapons, medical treatment, Making mold and artistic creation, building, The fields such as clothing, the introducing of 3D printing technique has also opened up wide space for innovation.The following development of 3D printing technique will make Large-scale personalized production is possibly realized, it will bring the major transformation of global manufacturing.
The most typical quick forming method has: selective laser sintering (SLS), selective laser melting (SLM), light are solid Change solid forming (SLA), Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) etc..SLS with SLM forming process is similar, and during work, power spreading device will become Shape powder is taped against formation cylinder, and then laser beam is sintered into selectively according to the layering profile of part under the control of the computer Shape, after having sintered one layer, matrix moves down a cross section thickness, and power spreading device lays new powder, and computer controls laser beam and again enters Row thermal sintering, so circulates, and is layering, until obtaining complete drip molding.Paving powder is to close in SLS and SLM forming process Key link.Paving powder quality will directly affect forming efficiency and drip molding quality.If paving powder is uneven, out-of-flatness, laser sintered In forming process, inside parts will produce defect, and forming accuracy declines, and even can not shape.SLS and SLM forming process at present Middle berth powder uniformity is difficult to monitor, can only manual observation, time and effort consuming, and be difficult to real-time tracking observe.Meanwhile, each burning Knot layer drip molding overall size is difficult to measure, and printing precision cannot ensure.
Summary of the invention
For solving the technical problem that prior art exists, the invention provides one and can monitor whether paving powder puts down in real time Whole, it is effectively improved laser fast forming paving powder uniformity detecting system and the detection method of Forming Quality.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of laser fast forming paving powder uniformity detection System, including forming cavity, is provided with power spreading device, for powder cylinder, formation cylinder and the cylinder that gathers materials in described forming cavity, it is characterised in that: The top of described forming cavity is provided with laser instrument and image collecting device, and the both sides of described forming cavity are provided with light compensating lamp, described Laser instrument, image collecting device are all connected with control system with light compensating lamp.
Preferably, the outside of described image collecting device is provided with lens protective cover.
Preferably, described image collector is set to high-resolution industrial CCD camera, and light compensating lamp is LED.
A kind of laser fast forming paving powder uniformity detecting method, follows the steps below operation,
A, control system control power spreading device and carry out spreading powder;
After b, paving powder complete, the powder completed is taken pictures by image collecting device, and image information is transferred to control system;
C, control system carry out gray proces to image information, then the gray value of image are being analyzed detection;
D, control system are according to the gray value obtained, it is judged that paving powder is the most smooth qualified;If spread, powder is defective will send finger Order, carries out secondary or repeatedly spreads powder, until paving powder is qualified;If spread, powder is qualified carries out laser sintered one-tenth by control laser instrument Shape;
After e, one slicing layer of laser sintering (SLS), the drip molding profile of this slicing layer of sintering is clapped by image collecting device According to, and image information is transferred to control system;
The drip molding profile of this sinter layer is measured by f, control system, and measure the item includes: point, line, circle, arc, distance, ellipse Circle, angle etc.;
According to the size of formed part tolerance of metrical information and setting, g, control system judge that this sinter layer size of formed part is No reach requirement, thus adjust corresponding forming technology.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technical effect that the present invention can monitor paving powder whether uniform ground, If paving powder is uneven, will heavily spread, until paving powder uniform ground;Monitor each sinter layer drip molding profile chi in real time Very little, thus adjusting process parameter, improve part forming precision.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the technical problem to be solved, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearer, below tie Close drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Only should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein In order to explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of laser fast forming paving powder uniformity detecting system, including forming cavity 5, set in forming cavity 5 Being equipped with power spreading device 7, supply powder cylinder 8, formation cylinder 9 and the cylinder 10 that gathers materials, the top of forming cavity 5 is provided with laser instrument 1 and image acquisition Device 2, the both sides of forming cavity 5 are provided with light compensating lamp 4, and light compensating lamp uses LED, laser instrument 1, image collecting device 2 and light filling Lamp 4 is all connected with control system 3, and image collecting device 2 uses high-resolution industrial CCD camera, the outside of image collecting device 2 Being provided with lens protective cover 6, lens protective cover 6 uses thermostable transparent lucite, it is possible to play high-resolution industrial CCD camera Sealing function, it is to avoid camera lens is polluted by powder, at both sides, forming cavity shell 5 top mounted LED lamp 4, enters in forming cavity Row illumination, carries out light compensation to the process of taking pictures.
High resolution industrial CCD camera 2, LED 4 and lens protective cover 6 constitute imaging system, mainly equal to paving powder Even property and each sinter layer drip molding overall size are taken pictures, and pictorial information is transferred to image processing system.
Control system Built-in Image processes software I mage software 1.0.This shaping photo can be carried out by this software Analyze detection, according to paving powder photo gray scale detection paving powder whether even uniform;Image according to drip molding can detect drip molding Overall size, can realize the graphical measurements such as point, line, circle, arc, distance, ellipse, angle, this software by measurement feedback to control System processed.
Control system is mainly according to feedback information, and the dimensional tolerance of the drip molding set, it is judged that paving powder is the most equal Even, whether size of formed part reaches requirement, determines whether to need carry out secondary or repeatedly spread powder, thus to power spreading device 7, for powder cylinder 8, formation cylinder 9 and gather materials cylinder 10 and laser instrument 1 sends instruction, adjust paving powder number of times and laser sintering (SLS) technique.
Concrete detection method, follows the steps below operation,
A, control system control power spreading device and carry out spreading powder;
After b, paving powder complete, the powder completed is taken pictures by image collecting device, and image information is transferred to control system;
C, control system carry out gray proces to image information, then the gray value of image are being analyzed detection;
D, control system are according to the gray value obtained, it is judged that paving powder is the most smooth qualified;If spread, powder is defective will send finger Order, carries out secondary or repeatedly spreads powder, until paving powder is qualified;If spread, powder is qualified carries out laser sintered one-tenth by control laser instrument Shape;
After e, one slicing layer of laser sintering (SLS), the drip molding profile of this slicing layer of sintering is clapped by image collecting device According to, and image information is transferred to control system;
The drip molding profile of this sinter layer is measured by f, control system, and measure the item includes: point, line, circle, arc, distance, ellipse Circle, angle etc.;
According to the size of formed part tolerance of metrical information and setting, g, control system judge that this sinter layer size of formed part is No reach requirement, thus adjust corresponding forming technology.
After completing above-mentioned steps, carry out next layer of sintering, so circulate, until preparing the shaping system that structure property is excellent Product.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention Any amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within god and principle, all should wrap within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a laser fast forming paving powder uniformity detecting system, including forming cavity, is provided with paving powder dress in described forming cavity Put, for powder cylinder, formation cylinder and the cylinder that gathers materials, it is characterised in that: the top of described forming cavity is provided with laser instrument and image collector Putting, the both sides of described forming cavity are provided with light compensating lamp, described laser instrument, image collecting device and light compensating lamp all with control system phase Connect.
A kind of laser fast forming paving powder uniformity detecting system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described figure As the outside of harvester is provided with lens protective cover.
A kind of laser fast forming paving powder uniformity detecting system the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: institute Stating image collector and be set to high-resolution industrial CCD camera, light compensating lamp is LED.
4. a laser fast forming paving powder uniformity detecting method, it is characterised in that: follow the steps below operation,
A, control system control power spreading device and carry out spreading powder;
After b, paving powder complete, the powder completed is taken pictures by image collecting device, and image information is transferred to control system;
C, control system carry out gray proces to image information, then the gray value of image are being analyzed detection;
D, control system are according to the gray value obtained, it is judged that paving powder is the most smooth qualified;If spread, powder is defective will send finger Order, carries out secondary or repeatedly spreads powder, until paving powder is qualified;If spread, powder is qualified carries out laser sintered one-tenth by control laser instrument Shape;
After e, one slicing layer of laser sintering (SLS), the drip molding profile of this slicing layer of sintering is clapped by image collecting device According to, and image information is transferred to control system;
The drip molding profile of this sinter layer is measured by f, control system, and measure the item includes: point, line, circle, arc, distance, ellipse Circle, angle etc.;
According to the size of formed part tolerance of metrical information and setting, g, control system judge that this sinter layer size of formed part is No reach requirement, thus adjust corresponding forming technology.
CN201610524831.8A 2016-07-06 2016-07-06 A kind of laser fast forming powdering uniformity detecting system and detection method Active CN106041076B (en)

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CN106925784A (en) * 2017-04-14 2017-07-07 华南理工大学 A kind of 3D printing course monitoring method and device based on camera captured in real-time
CN106984816A (en) * 2017-05-08 2017-07-28 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 A kind of equipment detected for increasing material manufacturing powder flowbility
CN107175329A (en) * 2017-04-14 2017-09-19 华南理工大学 A kind of 3D printing successively detects reverse part model and positioning defect apparatus and method
CN107378250A (en) * 2017-05-31 2017-11-24 广东工业大学 Large-scale part laser melting coating impact based on CCD monitoring forges combined shaping method
CN107402220A (en) * 2017-07-01 2017-11-28 华中科技大学 A kind of selective laser fusing shaping powdering quality vision online test method and system
CN107727011A (en) * 2017-09-14 2018-02-23 华中科技大学 Selective laser melting manufacturing process midplane degree and profile tolerance On-line Measuring Method
WO2018082097A1 (en) * 2016-11-07 2018-05-11 东台精机股份有限公司 Detection and repair device and method for powder additive manufacturing
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CN108788143A (en) * 2017-04-28 2018-11-13 戴弗根特技术有限公司 Increasing material manufacturing control system
CN109158597A (en) * 2018-08-20 2019-01-08 湖南华曙高科技有限责任公司 Powdering quality detection method, equipment, readable storage medium storing program for executing and three-dimension object manufacturing method
CN109291438A (en) * 2018-10-30 2019-02-01 华侨大学 A kind of measurement method for increasing material manufacturing powder bed mass
CN109396430A (en) * 2017-08-16 2019-03-01 业纳工业计量德国公司 For manufacturing to production the device of metal assembly in a manner of based on powder bed
CN109570502A (en) * 2018-11-30 2019-04-05 西安铂力特增材技术股份有限公司 A kind of device and method detecting SLM device powdering and surface quality of workpieces
CN109676135A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-04-26 大连理工大学 A kind of laser gain material manufacture vision grey value difference on-line monitoring and bug repairing apparatus
CN110114172A (en) * 2016-10-28 2019-08-09 通用电气公司 The imaging device being used together with increasing material manufacturing system and the method to structure layer imaging
CN110352105A (en) * 2017-01-30 2019-10-18 西门子能源有限公司 The method of the increasing material manufacturing of component
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CN107402220A (en) * 2017-07-01 2017-11-28 华中科技大学 A kind of selective laser fusing shaping powdering quality vision online test method and system
CN109396430A (en) * 2017-08-16 2019-03-01 业纳工业计量德国公司 For manufacturing to production the device of metal assembly in a manner of based on powder bed
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