CN106041076B - A kind of laser fast forming powdering uniformity detecting system and detection method - Google Patents

A kind of laser fast forming powdering uniformity detecting system and detection method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106041076B
CN106041076B CN201610524831.8A CN201610524831A CN106041076B CN 106041076 B CN106041076 B CN 106041076B CN 201610524831 A CN201610524831 A CN 201610524831A CN 106041076 B CN106041076 B CN 106041076B
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powdering
control system
laser
forming
collecting device
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CN106041076A (en
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白培康
赵占勇
刘斌
李玉新
王建宏
刘增禄
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Shanxi Yangchen Zhongbei Technology Co.,Ltd.
Shanxi Zhongbei Science Park Co ltd
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North University of China
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of laser fast forming powdering uniformity detecting system and detection methods, belong to laser fast forming powdering detection technique field, whether providing one kind, can to monitor powdering in real time smooth, effectively improve the laser fast forming powdering uniformity detecting system and detection method of Forming Quality, used technical solution is is provided with power spreading device in forming cavity, for powder cylinder, formation cylinder sum aggregate material cylinder, laser and image collecting device are provided at the top of forming cavity, the both sides of forming cavity are provided with light compensating lamp, laser, image collecting device and light compensating lamp are connected with control system;The present invention is widely used in the powdering uniformity detection of laser fast forming.

Description

A kind of laser fast forming powdering uniformity detecting system and detection method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laser fast forming powdering uniformity detecting system and detection methods, and it is rapid-result soon to belong to laser Shape powdering detection technique field.
Background technology
3D printing（Increasing material manufacturing）Technology is the emerging technology that manufacture field is rapidly developing, and is referred to as " tool There is the manufacturing technology of industrial revolution meaning ".It is a kind of based on discrete and accumulation principle manufacturing technology, it is by the three-dimensional of part CAD（CAD）Model is discrete by certain way, becomes machinable discrete face, discrete lines and discrete point, then Using physically or chemically means, these discrete faces, line segment and point are piled into part shape.3D printing technique is by being superimposed as The three-dimensional CAD model of design can be converted into the part with certain structure and function by shape method.With traditional manufacturing technology phase Than " 3D printings " technology has following Core Superiority：1. operation is simple, the manufacturing cycle is fast.2. being skillful in somewhat complex design, push away Dynamic design innovation is realized from " manufacture determines design " to the transformation of " design driven manufacture ".3. it realizes flexible, efficient, economy Small lot manufactures.3D printing technique be mainly used in aerospace, weapons, medical treatment, mold manufacturing and artistic creation, building, The fields such as clothes, the introducing of 3D printing technique have also opened up wide space for innovation.The development in 3D printing technique future will make Large-scale personalized production is possibly realized, it will brings the major transformation of global manufacturing.
Typical quick forming method has at present：Selective laser sintering（SLS）, selective laser melting（SLM）, light it is solid Change solid forming（SLA）, Fused Deposition Modeling（FDM）Deng.SLS with SLM forming processes are similar, and during work, power spreading device will be into Shape powder is taped against formation cylinder, and then laser beam is selectively sintered under the control of the computer according to the layering profile of part Shape, after being sintered one layer, matrix moves down a section thickness, and power spreading device is laid with new powder, computer control laser beam again into Row thermal sintering is so recycled, is layering, until obtaining complete drip molding.Powdering is closed in SLS and SLM forming processes Key link.Powdering quality will directly affect forming efficiency and drip molding quality.If powdering is uneven, out-of-flatness, laser sintered Inside parts will generate defect in forming process, and forming accuracy declines or even cannot shape.SLS and SLM forming processes at present Middle powdering uniformity is difficult to monitor, and can only manually observe, time and effort consuming, and is difficult to real-time tracking observation.Meanwhile each burning Knot layer drip molding overall size is difficult to measure, and printing precision can not ensure.
Invention content
To solve technical problem of the existing technology, the present invention provides one kind to monitor whether powdering puts down in real time It is whole, effectively improve the laser fast forming powdering uniformity detecting system and detection method of Forming Quality.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is detected for a kind of laser fast forming powdering uniformity System including forming cavity, is provided with power spreading device, for powder cylinder, formation cylinder sum aggregate material cylinder in the forming cavity, it is characterised in that： Laser and image collecting device are provided at the top of the forming cavity, the both sides of the forming cavity are provided with light compensating lamp, described Laser, image collecting device and light compensating lamp are connected with control system.
Preferably, the outside of described image harvester is provided with lens protective cover.
Preferably, described image harvester is high-resolution industrial CCD camera, and light compensating lamp is LED light.
A kind of laser fast forming powdering uniformity detecting method, follows the steps below operation,
A, control system control power spreading device carries out powdering；
B, after the completion of powdering, image collecting device takes pictures to the powder completed, and image information is transferred to control System；
C, control system carries out gray proces to image information, then carries out analysis detection in the gray value to image；
D, control system judges the whether smooth qualification of powdering according to obtained gray value；If powdering is unqualified to be sent out Go out instruction, secondary or multiple powdering is carried out, until powdering qualification；If powdering qualification will control laser to carry out laser burning Form shape；
E, after one slicing layer of laser sintering (SLS), image collecting device to the drip molding profile of the slicing layer of sintering into Row is taken pictures, and image information is transferred to control system；
F, control system measures the drip molding profile of the sinter layer, and measure the item includes：Point, line, circle, arc, away from From, ellipse, angle etc.；
G, control system judges the sinter layer drip molding ruler according to the size of formed part tolerance of metrical information and setting It is very little whether to reach requirement, so as to adjust corresponding forming technology.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technique effect：The present invention can monitor powdering whether uniform ground, If powdering is uneven, it will be spread again, until powdering uniform ground；Each sinter layer drip molding profile ruler is monitored in real time It is very little, so as to adjust technological parameter, improve part forming precision.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to which technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved are more clearly understood, tie below Accompanying drawings and embodiments are closed, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only To explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of laser fast forming powdering uniformity detecting system, including forming cavity 5, sets in forming cavity 5 It is equipped with power spreading device 7, for powder cylinder 8,9 sum aggregate material cylinder 10 of formation cylinder, the top of forming cavity 5 is provided with laser 1 and Image Acquisition Device 2, the both sides of forming cavity 5 are provided with light compensating lamp 4, and light compensating lamp uses LED light, laser 1, image collecting device 2 and light filling Lamp 4 is connected with control system 3, and image collecting device 2 uses high-resolution industrial CCD camera, the outside of image collecting device 2 Lens protective cover 6 is provided with, lens protective cover 6 uses thermostable transparent organic glass, and high-resolution industrial CCD camera can be risen Sealing function avoids powder from polluting camera lens, forming 5 top both sides mounted LED lamp 4 of chamber enclosure, in forming cavity into Row illumination, to taking pictures, process carries out light compensation.
High resolution industrial CCD camera 2, LED light 4 and lens protective cover 6 constitute imaging system, mainly equal to powdering Even property and each sinter layer drip molding overall size are taken pictures, and pictorial information is transferred to image processing system.
Control system Built-in Image processing software I mage software 1.0.The software can carry out the forming photo Analysis detection, according to powdering photo gray scale detection powdering whether even uniform；Drip molding can be detected according to the image of drip molding Overall size is, it can be achieved that the graphical measurements such as point, line, circle, arc, distance, ellipse, angle, and the software is by measurement feedback to control System processed.
Control system is mainly the dimensional tolerance of the drip molding according to feedback information and setting, judges whether powdering is equal Even, whether size of formed part reaches requirement, determines whether to need to carry out secondary or multiple powdering, so as to power spreading device 7th, instruction is sent out for powder cylinder 8,9 sum aggregate material cylinder 10 of formation cylinder and laser 1, adjusts powdering number and laser sintering (SLS) technique.
Specific detection method follows the steps below operation,
A, control system control power spreading device carries out powdering；
B, after the completion of powdering, image collecting device takes pictures to the powder completed, and image information is transferred to control System；
C, control system carries out gray proces to image information, then carries out analysis detection in the gray value to image；
D, control system judges the whether smooth qualification of powdering according to obtained gray value；If powdering is unqualified to be sent out Go out instruction, secondary or multiple powdering is carried out, until powdering qualification；If powdering qualification will control laser to carry out laser burning Form shape；
E, after one slicing layer of laser sintering (SLS), image collecting device to the drip molding profile of the slicing layer of sintering into Row is taken pictures, and image information is transferred to control system；
F, control system measures the drip molding profile of the sinter layer, and measure the item includes：Point, line, circle, arc, away from From, ellipse, angle etc.；
G, control system judges the sinter layer drip molding ruler according to the size of formed part tolerance of metrical information and setting It is very little whether to reach requirement, so as to adjust corresponding forming technology.
After completing above-mentioned steps, next layer of sintering is carried out, is so recycled, it is excellent into shape until preparing structure property Product.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should all wrap within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of laser fast forming powdering uniformity detecting method, it is characterised in that：Follow the steps below operation,
A, control system control power spreading device carries out powdering；
B, after the completion of powdering, image collecting device takes pictures to the powder completed, and image information is transferred to control system；
C, control system carries out gray proces to image information, then carries out analysis detection to the gray value of image again；
D, control system judges the whether smooth qualification of powdering according to obtained gray value；If powdering is unqualified will to send out finger It enables, secondary or multiple powdering is carried out, until powdering qualification；If powdering qualification will control laser carry out it is laser sintered into Shape；
E, after one slicing layer of laser sintering (SLS), image collecting device claps the drip molding profile of the slicing layer of sintering According to, and image information is transferred to control system；
F, control system measures the drip molding profile of the sinter layer, and measure the item includes：It is point, line, circle, arc, distance, ellipse Circle, angle；
G, control system judges that the sinter layer size of formed part is according to the size of formed part tolerance of metrical information and setting It is no to reach requirement, so as to adjust corresponding forming technology.
CN201610524831.8A 2016-07-06 2016-07-06 A kind of laser fast forming powdering uniformity detecting system and detection method Active CN106041076B (en)

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