CN106040930B - Especially big Type Titanium Alloy frame short route forging method - Google Patents
Especially big Type Titanium Alloy frame short route forging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106040930B CN106040930B CN201610371275.5A CN201610371275A CN106040930B CN 106040930 B CN106040930 B CN 106040930B CN 201610371275 A CN201610371275 A CN 201610371275A CN 106040930 B CN106040930 B CN 106040930B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/04—Shaping in the rough solely by forging or pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
Abstract
The present invention relates to the forging field of large-scale forging part, disclose a kind of especially big Type Titanium Alloy frame short route forging method, this method includes forging and designed successively, pre- forging design, slab designing, the step such as Preform Die and finish-forging die design and blocking and finish-forging, it is different from the mode that traditional " base+die forging " is forged, but the blank design for designing and going to complicate by rational pre- forging, die forging is directly carried out using raw material (slab), eliminate preforming, forging times are greatly decreased more than 15 fire time to 4 fire, realize short route manufacture, shorten the production cycle, manufacturing cost is saved, forging process control stability and uniformity are more preferable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the forging field of large-scale forging part, especially a kind of especially big Type Titanium Alloy frame short route forging side
Method.
Background technology
With the maximization development and the progress of science and technology of equipment, titanium alloy forging also becomes towards maximization, super-hugeization
Gesture develops.Super-huge titanium alloy forging typically refers to projected area in 1.5m2Forging above.If especially big Type Titanium Alloy frame forging
Needed more than about 15 fire time according to the thinking forging of traditional " base+die forging ", there is production fire time many, manufacturing process length, life
Produce the problems such as cost is high, process control uniformity is poor.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of especially big Type Titanium Alloy frame short route forging method, by closing
The pre- forging design of reason and the blank design for going complication, directly carry out die forging using raw material (slab), eliminate blanker
Sequence, is greatly decreased forging times, realizes the purpose of short route manufacture, process control stability and uniformity are more preferable.
Especially big Type Titanium Alloy frame short route forging method disclosed by the invention, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: according to the shape of part, size, material, design feature, the forging equipment selected and following process mode
Increase surplus design forging with the shape；
Step 2: from meet forging shaping, deflection reasonable distribution, simplify shape, be easy to positioning in terms of it is pre- to carry out
Designed at the beginning of forging, using the pre- forging that just designs as original state, by the shaping of Analysis on Numerical Simulation Method forging, with pre- forging
Target is configured to the fire of forging one, and the design with strain field, temperature field index to pre- forging is optimized；
Step 3: from the blank design angle for going to complicate, original blank is using the slab of regular shape as final
Design object, slab is designed according at the beginning of the pre- forging profile of step 2, by Analysis on Numerical Simulation Method from first design slab to step
The shaping of rapid two pre- forging, allows tonnage from deflection reasonable distribution, equipment, meets pre- forging shaping, simplified pre- forging shape
In terms of consider, and to optimize and distribute blocking fire secondary for design with strain field, temperature field index to pre- forging；
Step 4, by the simulative optimization repeatedly of step 2 and step 3, it is determined that the design of final slab and pre- forging and
Blocking fire；
Step 5: being designed according to pre- forging and forging, mold material and mould specification are determined, according to titanium alloy material and mould
Have the hot physical property feature of material, increase corresponding thermal coefficient of expansion on pre- forging and forging model, design hot forging and heat are pre-
Forging digital-to-analogue, and Preform Die is designed by hot blocking number of packages mould, finish-forging die is designed by hot forging digital-to-analogue, and fabricate blocking
Mould and finish-forging die；
Step 6: carrying out blocking to slab on large-scale drop press using Preform Die, pre- forging is forged；
Step 7: carrying out finish-forging to the pre- forging of formation on large-scale drop press using finish-forging die, forging is completed.
Preferably, the blocking fire time is within 3 fire.
Preferably, the forging contains pre- forging and forging endoporus correspondence position in endoporus, the step 4 and is provided with company
Skin, the Preform Die is provided with the upper mould 3 of Preform Die in drift, the drift region with forging endoporus correspondence position
Spacing between lower mould gradually increases to form gross weight extruding inclined-plane from centre to surrounding；
The slab for rule rectangle, slab length and width from Preform Die die cavity farther out, slab during blocking
Inclined-plane is extruded by gross weight to extrude, material gradually flows the die cavity full of Preform Die along gross weight.
Preferably, the step 6 detailed process is as follows：
A, slab is cleaned out after smear protecting lubricant；
B, according to forging material feature and forging require slab is heated；
C, many fire time blockings of progress on large-scale drop press, gross weight and overlap are removed after every fiery forging to pre- forging
Operation.
Preferably, in the c small steps of step 6, blocking fire time is three fire；
After first fiery blocking, pre- forging underfill Preform Die is repaired, gross weight retains along inner port edge to gross weight
100~200mm is wide, and remaining position gross weight and overlap are removed；
After second fiery blocking, pre- forging is not completely filled with Preform Die yet, and gross weight is repaired, and gross weight is along inner port edge
Retain 50~100mm wide, remaining position gross weight and overlap are removed；
After 3rd fiery blocking, pre- forging is completely filled with Preform Die, and whole gross weights and overlap are removed.
Preferably, the step 7 detailed process is as follows：
A, pre- forging is cleaned out after smear protecting lubricant；
B, according to forging material feature and forging require pre- forging is heated；
C, carry out finish-forging on large-scale drop press, the fire of finish-forging one is completed.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Especially big Type Titanium Alloy frame forging method is different from traditional " base+die forging " and forged
Mode, but the blank design for designing and going to complicate by rational pre- forging directly carried out using raw material (slab)
Die forging, eliminates preforming, and forging times are greatly decreased more than 15 fire time to 4 fire, realizes short route manufacture, contracting
The short production cycle, manufacturing cost is saved, forging process control stability and uniformity are more preferable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of pre- forging in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 A-A sectional views；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of blocker；
Fig. 4 is Fig. 3 A '-A ' sectional views；
Fig. 5 is position view of the slab in Preform Die；
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of blocking.
The left-half of Preform Die and slab is only demonstrated by Fig. 1,3,5 and 6, its right half part is symmetrical, in figure
Right side vertical lines are the symmetry axis of Preform Die and slab.
Reference：Gross weight 1, die cavity 2, upper mould 3, lower mould 4, slab 5.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described by taking certain especially big Type Titanium Alloy frame forging as an example below.
Step 1: according to the shape of part, size, material, design feature, the forging equipment selected and following process mode
Increase surplus design forging with the shape.
The forging material is TC4-DT titanium alloys, and outer profile size about 3700 × 1800 × 200mm, projected area reaches
5.4m2, containing endoporus, rib is more, rib length, height and width is inconsistent, direction and cause not of uniform size, and changes of section is acute
It is strong, it is complex-shaped, belong to typical high rib thin web plate forging.According to parts character and size, it is necessary to using large-scale die forging
Press is forged, and forging design is profile-followed high-volume, increases false boss.
Step 2: its deflection of titanium alloy forging influences larger to structure property, therefore needed during the design of pre- forging from change
The control of shape amount, meet forming requirements, be easy to consider in terms of the positioning of finisher, pre- forging design outline and forging
Acquaintance, overall size are slightly smaller, compared with forging, its shape simplification, and transition position uses bigger radius of corner.
Using the pre- forging that just designs as original state, by the shaping of Analysis on Numerical Simulation Method forging, to meet forging
Structure property is needed, and target, and the design with strain field, temperature field index to pre- forging are configured to the fire of forging one with pre- forging
Optimize.
Step 3: from the blank design angle for going to complicate, original blank is using the slab of regular shape as final
Design object, slab is designed according at the beginning of the pre- forging profile of step 2, by Analysis on Numerical Simulation Method from first design slab to step
The shaping of rapid two pre- forging, allows tonnage from deflection reasonable distribution, equipment, meets pre- forging shaping, simplified pre- forging shape
In terms of consider, and the design with strain field, temperature field index to pre- forging optimize and distribute blocking fire time.
Step 4, it is final to determine that slab specification, pre- forging are set by the simulative optimization repeatedly of step 2 and step 3
Meter, blocking fire.
In this embodiment, it is 3150 × 1160 × 130mm to determine slab specification.
The pre- forging completed is designed as shown in figure 1, the pre- forging is provided with gross weight 1, institute with forging endoporus correspondence position
State Preform Die and forging endoporus correspondence position and be provided with drift, the drift region the upper mould 3 of Preform Die with
Spacing between mould 4 gradually increases to form gross weight extruding inclined-plane from centre to surrounding；
The slab 5 is the rectangle of rule, and during blocking, slab 5 is in the peripheral extent of die cavity 2 of Preform Die, because
This, as shown in figure 5, on actual slab length and width direction from Preform Die die cavity 2 farther out, slab passes through gross weight during blocking
Inclined-plane extruding is extruded, material gradually flows the die cavity 2 full of Preform Die along gross weight 1, and design blocking fire is divided into three fire.
Step 5: being designed according to pre- forging and forging, mold material and mould specification are determined, forging mode selects common mould
Forging, mold material selection is 5CrNiMo hot die steels, and die length is 5500mm.
After the design of pre- forging and forging is determined, according to titanium alloy material and the hot physical property feature of mold material, pre-
Increase corresponding thermal coefficient of expansion, design hot forging and hot blocking number of packages mould on forging and forging model, and by hot blocking number of packages
Mould designs Preform Die, designs finish-forging die by hot forging digital-to-analogue, and fabricate Preform Die and finish-forging die；According to TC4-
The linear expansion coefficient of DT titanium alloys material and 5CrNiMo hot die steels at different temperatures determines the receipts of mould and forging respectively
The features such as shrinkage, with reference to the specification of mould, by calculating, set according to the technology mode of common die forging in forging and blocking number of packages mould
Increase design hot forging and hot blocking number of packages mould after thermal coefficient of expansion 0.004 on the basis of meter.
The TC4-DT titanium alloy components contain endoporus, therefore its forging also contains endoporus, for the forging containing endoporus, its
Preform Die is provided with the upper mould 3 of Preform Die and lower mould 4 in drift, the drift region with forging endoporus correspondence position
Between spacing gradually increase from centre to surrounding to be formed gross weight extruding inclined-plane；In the c small steps of step 6, the first fiery blocking it
Endoporus correspondence position forms gross weight 1 on forging afterwards.In Fig. 1, shade position is corresponding with forging endoporus in the middle of Preform Die sets
Drift is calculated as, is then the die cavity 2 of pre- forging, drift region sectional view around drift region as shown in figure 4, its design feature is
Chamfered transition, when this design feature to carry out blocking using slab 5, can press to blank the length and width of pre- forging
Direction.The position in a mold of slab 5 as shown in figure 5, as shown in Figure 5, blank release chamber 2 it is distant, in forging process
Extruding by upper/lower die drift to slab 5, material is progressively full of the die cavity 2 of Preform Die.
Step 6: carrying out blocking to slab 5 on large-scale drop press using Preform Die, pre- forging, blocking are forged
Comprise the following steps：
A, slab 5 is cleaned out after smear protecting lubricant；
B, according to forging material feature and forging require slab 5 is heated；
C, many fiery blockings of progress on large-scale drop press, are removed gross weight and overlap behaviour to pre- forging after being forged per fire
Make.
Smear protecting lubricant and heat preceding progress in slab 5, slab 5 must be cleaned out before smearing, smear uniform, really
Adhesiving effect is protected, protecting lubricant can play a part of anti-oxidation and lubrication.The heating of blank is carried out using electric furnace, is strictly pressed
TC4-DT titanium alloys feature is heated.Die forging uses the large-scale drop press of automated high-precision, completely program control, can accurately control compacting
Speed and drafts.Gross weight 1 and overlap are removed by the way of machining after the completion of forging, it is true according to each position full condition
Recognize removal amount.Surface scale etc. is removed by the way of ball blast or blast, surface defect must polish totally, transition it is round and smooth.
According to the design feature of forging, in the c small steps of step 6, blocking fire time is three times, blocker forging process such as Fig. 6
It is shown：
After first time blocking, pre- forging underfill Preform Die is repaired, gross weight 1 retains along inner port edge to gross weight 1
100~200mm is wide, and remaining position gross weight 1 is removed；
After second fiery blocking, pre- forging is not completely filled with Preform Die yet, and gross weight 1 is repaired, and gross weight 1 is along endoporus side
50~100mm of edge reservation is wide, and remaining position gross weight 1 is removed；
After 3rd fiery blocking, pre- forging is completely filled with Preform Die, and whole gross weights 1 are removed.
Step 7: carrying out finish-forging to the pre- forging of formation on large-scale drop press using finish-forging die, forging, institute are completed
State step 7 detailed process as follows：
A, pre- forging is cleaned out after smear protecting lubricant；
B, according to forging material feature and forging require pre- forging is heated；
C, carry out finish-forging on large-scale drop press, the fire of finish-forging one is completed.
Finish-forging smears protecting lubricant and heating requirements are identical with blocking, and the fire of finish-forging one is completed, and forging is completed using machinery
The mode of processing goes deburring, and surface scale etc. is removed by the way of ball blast or blast, surface defect must polish totally,
Transition is round and smooth.
Claims (6)
1. especially big Type Titanium Alloy frame short route forging method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1: according to the shape of part, size, material, design feature, select forging equipment and following process mode come with
Shape increases surplus design forging；
Step 2: from meet forging forming, deflection reasonable distribution, simplify shape, be easy to positioning in terms of come at the beginning of carrying out pre- forging
Design, using the pre- forging that just designs as original state, by the shaping of Analysis on Numerical Simulation Method forging, with pre- forging to forging
One fire is configured to target, and the design with strain field, temperature field index to pre- forging is optimized；
Step 3: from the blank design angle for going to complicate, original blank is used as final design using the slab of regular shape
Target, slab is designed according at the beginning of the pre- forging profile of step 2, by Analysis on Numerical Simulation Method from first design slab to step 2
The shaping of pre- forging, allows tonnage from deflection reasonable distribution, equipment, meets pre- forging forming, simplified pre- forging vpg connection
Consider, and the design with strain field, temperature field index to pre- forging optimizes and distributed blocking fire；
Step 4, by the simulative optimization repeatedly of step 2 and step 3, it is determined that the design and blocking of final slab and pre- forging
Fiery time；
Step 5: being designed according to pre- forging and forging, mold material and mould specification are determined, according to titanium alloy material and mould material
The hot physical property feature of matter, increases corresponding thermal coefficient of expansion, design hot forging and hot pre- forging on pre- forging and forging model
Digital-to-analogue, and Preform Die is designed by hot blocking number of packages mould, finish-forging die is designed by hot forging digital-to-analogue, and fabricate Preform Die
And finish-forging die；
Step 6: carrying out blocking to slab (5) on large-scale drop press using Preform Die, pre- forging is forged；
Step 7: carrying out finish-forging to the pre- forging of formation on large-scale drop press using finish-forging die, forging is completed.
2. especially big Type Titanium Alloy frame short route forging method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The blocking fire time exists
Within 3 fire.
3. especially big Type Titanium Alloy frame short route forging method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The forging contains pre- forging in endoporus, the step 4 and forging endoporus correspondence position is provided with gross weight (1), described pre-
Forging mould is provided with the upper mould (3) of Preform Die and lower mould in drift, the drift region with forging endoporus correspondence position
(4) spacing between gradually increases to form gross weight extruding inclined-plane from centre to surrounding；
The slab (5) is the rectangle of rule, and during blocking, slab (5) is in die cavity (2) peripheral extent of Preform Die,
Slab (5) extrudes inclined-plane by gross weight and extruded, and material gradually flows the die cavity (2) full of Preform Die along gross weight (1).
4. especially big Type Titanium Alloy frame short route forging method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the step 6 is specific
Process is as follows：
A, slab (5) is cleaned out after smear protecting lubricant；
B, according to forging material feature and forging require slab (5) is heated；
C, repeat on large-scale drop press many fiery blockings, per fire forging after gross weight and overlap behaviour are removed to pre- forging
Make.
5. especially big Type Titanium Alloy frame short route forging method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：
In the c small steps of step 6, blocking fire time is three fire；
After first fiery blocking, pre- forging underfill Preform Die is repaired to gross weight (1), and gross weight (1) retains along inner port edge
100~200mm is wide, and remaining position gross weight (1) is removed；
After second fiery blocking, pre- forging is not completely filled with Preform Die yet, and gross weight (1) is repaired, and gross weight (1) is along endoporus side
50~100mm of edge reservation is wide, and remaining position gross weight (1) is removed；
After 3rd fiery blocking, pre- forging is completely filled with Preform Die, and whole gross weights (1) are removed.
6. especially big Type Titanium Alloy frame short route forging method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 7 is specific
Process is as follows：
A, pre- forging is cleaned out after smear protecting lubricant；
B, according to forging material feature and forging require pre- forging is heated；
C, carry out finish-forging on large-scale drop press, the fire of finish-forging one is completed.
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