CN107363142A - The heat stamping and shaping control method of clad metal sheet - Google Patents

The heat stamping and shaping control method of clad metal sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107363142A
CN107363142A CN201610318628.5A CN201610318628A CN107363142A CN 107363142 A CN107363142 A CN 107363142A CN 201610318628 A CN201610318628 A CN 201610318628A CN 107363142 A CN107363142 A CN 107363142A
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metal sheet
clad metal
mrow
fem model
mover
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CN201610318628.5A
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CN107363142B (en
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赵幸锋
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Hitachi Ltd
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Hitachi Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16Heating or cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/20Making tools by operations not covered by a single other subclass

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of heat stamping and shaping control method of clad metal sheet, comprises the following steps:The FEM model of clad metal sheet is established, and the FEM model is optimized and complies with requirement;According to the FEM model for the clad metal sheet built up, the FEM model of the mould of machine-shaping part is wanted in amendment;The mould FEM model required using having met casts out tangible mold, and drop stamping is carried out to clad metal sheet using tangible mold.The first-time qualification rate of the heat stamping and shaping part of clad metal sheet can be improved using the method, improves the processing and forming efficiency and precision of such material.

Description

The heat stamping and shaping control method of clad metal sheet
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of to improve clad metal sheet the present invention relates to a kind of heat stamping and shaping control method of clad metal sheet High temperature heat stamping and shaping efficiency and precision heat stamping and shaping control method.
Background technology
The large-scale reaction vessel used in chemical industry requires that its material should have stronger corrosion resisting property, there is higher machine again Tool intensity.The sheet metal thickness typically used is all larger, generally in 60-80mm, or even in more than 100mm, if all made If manufacturing these large-scale reaction vessels by the use of stainless steel as raw material, cost is very high.Therefore, xenogenesis material is industrially commonly used The two-layer compound metallic plate (being combined by one layer of stainless steel and one layer of carbon steel) of matter replaces stainless steel to be held to manufacture such reaction Device.This clad metal sheet be using a kind of special method one layer of stainless steel and one layer of carbon steel soldering together, the later stage It will not be separated in processing and forming process, keeping one all the time, (production method of clad metal sheet is not begged in the present invention In the range of).The reaction vessel produced with such a clad metal sheet not only has the anti-corrosion effect of stainless steel, while again Possesses very high mechanical strength, and cost is cheap.
But the punch forming of clad metal sheet is a difficult point, the especially thicker clad metal sheet of thickness, it is necessary to use heat Impact style is molded, after shaping in cooling procedure due to expanding with heat and contract with cold, the influence of phase transformation etc., cause molding part that larger change occurs Shape, formed precision is relatively low, directly influences the post-production of reaction vessel.For example, the top cover size of reacting furnace container is larger, General diameter number meter (as shown in Figure 8), is typically first divided into some block parts, then respectively to each block part into Type, finally the part (as shown in Figure 9) after all shapings is spliced successively and is welded into a large-scale top cover.If every piece into The precision of type part is poor, step be present between different molding parts in assembled welding process, can not realize the metal of material of the same race Weld together, corrosion resisting property and intensity will be influenceed.At present, the drop stamping one-pass finished rate of this kind of thick clad metal sheet is almost It is zero, after being typically necessary (900 DEG C or so) drop stamping at high temperature, then repeatedly in medium temperature (400 DEG C -500 DEG C) undershoot Pressure correction could reach design size requirement reluctantly several times, and some even can require shape and scrap because of that can not be remedied to.Cause This high temperature heat stamping and shaping precision for effectively improving thick clad metal sheet seems particularly significant.
Be described among conventional patent how the method that drop stamping is done to high strength steel, but be typically all for single material Steel plate, and thinner thickness, typically smaller than 10mm.There is no the heat stamping and shaping processing that Patents studied compound thick sheet metal Problem.In patent document 1, there is provided a kind of unimach heat stamping and shaping technique and mould, heat stamping and shaping Technique will participate in the portion that is contacted with unimach plate in the mould of punching press before unimach plate heat stamping and shaping Part heats, and the surface temperature of these parts is reached more than the martensite point temperature of unimach, then would be heated to complete Austria Unimach plate after family name's body is positioned over punch forming in mould, and after hot stamping die closes, mould is cooled down, Shaped component is quenched using the mold component being in contact with shaped component.Patent document 1 avoid surface of shaped parts and Inside cracks, eliminates molding component resilience, ensure that Product Precision and quality.This method makes molding part in die cavity Quenching cooling, the shaping for relatively thin component are relatively adapted to.But for the too big component of thickness, in upper and lower mould closure Quenching is cooled to the mode of low temperature and just not applied in die cavity.This is due to that the thickness of component is thicker, sheet material when it is molded Inside and outside cooling velocity differs greatly, and causes surface of shaped parts and inside to crack, and the too big component of thickness is cooling down When molding resilience power it is larger, the screen resilience be possible to damage closure mould.
Patent document
Patent document 1:CN101439382A
The content of the invention
The shaping object of the present invention is the larger metallic plate of thickness ratio, and general thickness is both greater than 60mm, and is two layers of different gold Belong to the clad metal sheet that material is combined, the cooling velocity inside and outside its sheet material in shaping differs greatly, and expanding with heat and contract with cold needs Very big stress is discharged, it is difficult to protect formed precision.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of heat stamping and shaping control method of clad metal sheet, this method can improve compound The high temperature heat stamping and shaping efficiency and precision of metallic plate.
The heat stamping and shaping control method of clad metal sheet of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) according to existing hot stamping die, the FEM model of existing hot stamping die is established, is rushed according to by the existing heat The raw materials size of actual molding part manufactured by compression mould, establishes the FEM model of the clad metal sheet, described in division The grid of the FEM model of clad metal sheet, inputted in the FEM model of the clad metal sheet described in being previously obtained The material property parameter of each material of clad metal sheet, using the existing hot stamping die FEM model and input The FEM model of the clad metal sheet of material property parameter is stated, simulates the heat stamping and shaping of the clad metal sheet and cold But process, according to the overall strain obtained by the material property parameter, first after simulation is cooled down simulates molding part size, Described first simulation molding part size and the size of the actual molding part are contrasted, are less than or equal to the first threshold in error In the case of value, the FEM model of the clad metal sheet meets the requirements, in the case where the error exceedes first threshold, The grid of the FEM model of the clad metal sheet is refined, simulated again, until the error is less than or waits In the first threshold;
(2) according to the design size of the molding part to be processed, the FEM model of new hot stamping die is established, with reference to meeting The FEM model of the desired clad metal sheet, the heat stamping and shaping and cooling procedure of the clad metal sheet are simulated, Second after simulation is cooled down simulates molding part size, and the described second simulation molding part size is carried out with the design size Contrast, in the case where error is less than or equal to Second Threshold, the FEM model of the new hot stamping die meets the requirements, In the case where the error exceedes Second Threshold, the FEM model of the new hot stamping die is changed, is simulated again, Until the error is less than or equal to the Second Threshold;
(3) FEM model of the new hot stamping die required using having met casts out tangible mold, using described Tangible mold carries out drop stamping to the clad metal sheet.
According to the present invention can tackle unlike material, different-thickness metallic plate shaping demand, improve the heat of clad metal sheet The first-time qualification rate of punch forming part, effectively improve the high temperature heat stamping and shaping efficiency and precision of clad metal sheet, rapid processing Go out to meet the product of required precision.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart for showing to establish the FEM model of clad metal sheet.
Fig. 2 is to show that the flow chart of the FEM model of the new hot stamping die of machine-shaping part is wanted in amendment.
Fig. 3 is to show to carry out stamping forming flow chart using tangible mold.
Fig. 4 A are the schematic diagrames for the FEM model for showing the clad metal sheet before grid division, and Fig. 4 B are to show grid division The schematic diagram of the FEM model of clad metal sheet afterwards.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram for showing preset die.
Fig. 6 is to show the error and mould times of revision between the second simulation molding part size and design requirement size that simulation obtains Relation figure.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram for showing punching press cooling aftershaping part.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram for the top cover for showing reacting furnace container.
Fig. 9 is shown the schematic diagram of the part after top cover decile.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is illustrated referring to the drawings.But the technical scope of the application is not limited to Mode, in addition to the invention described in claims and its equivalent invention is implemented as follows.
(1) FEM model of clad metal sheet is established, and the FEM model is optimized and complies with requirement
Fig. 1 is the flow chart for showing to establish the FEM model of clad metal sheet.With reference to Fig. 1 to establishing clad metal sheet The flow of FEM model illustrate.
First, mechanical property, linear expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity factor and the specific heat of the material of unlike material at different temperatures are measured Hold (S11).In the present embodiment, inventor is research object using certain clad metal sheet of total thickness of slab as 105mm, should The Q345R steel plates that the SUS304 stainless steels and thickness that clad metal sheet is 5mm by thickness are 100mm are combined.Utilize SHIMADZU universal tensile testing machines carry out the tension test under different temperatures to two kinds of materials of SUS304 and Q345R, measure The load displacement curve of material, and calculate the flow stress curve under different temperatures and corresponding mechanical property parameters.In addition, Thermal conductivity factor, linear expansion coefficient and the specific heat capacity of SUS304 and Q345R at different temperatures are measured respectively.By the advance survey Mechanical property, linear expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity factor and the specific heat capacity of the material of the unlike material obtained at different temperatures are as compound The material property parameter of each material of metallic plate, the instantiation of the material property parameter are shown below in table 1.In addition, The material property parameter can also include conventional parameter known to density of material etc..
Table 1
Then, according to existing hot stamping die, the FEM model (S12) of existing hot stamping die is established, and heat is rushed Compression mould is defined as rigid body, i.e., non-deformable.Further according to the original as the actual molding part manufactured by the existing hot stamping die Expect size, establish the FEM model (S12) of clad metal sheet, the FEM model of the clad metal sheet is as shown in Figure 4 A. And as shown in Figure 4 B, finite element grid, and having in clad metal sheet are respectively divided to the upper/lower layer metallic of clad metal sheet The material property parameter (S13) of each material for the clad metal sheet being previously obtained is inputted in limit meta-model.Two layers of different metal Contact surface is provided in connection with state between the metallic plate of material, and upper/lower layer metallic plate becomes together when the clad metal sheet is deformed Shape, and do not disengaged in deformation process.In Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B, upper strata represents Q345R steel plates, and lower floor represents SUS304 Stainless steel plate.
Then, there is the limited of the clad metal sheet of material property parameter using the FEM model and input of existing hot stamping die Meta-model, the heat stamping and shaping and cooling procedure (S14) of analog composite metallic plate.Specifically, at a temperature of 900 DEG C Drop stamping simulation is carried out to clad metal sheet, obtains the molding part after drop stamping, then proceedes to simulate molding part from high temperature water spray The process of room temperature is cooled fast to, prediction obtains the size after shaping cooling.The deformation simulative of cooling procedure needs to consider material Expand with heat and contract with cold, influence of the phase transformation to size.The overall strain related to deformation is assumed to be by thermal strainElastic strainModeling Property strainPhase transition strainAnd transformation plasticityForm, then overall strain can be calculated by equation below (1):
Wherein, thermal strainElastic strainPlastic strainPhase transition strainAnd transformation plasticityIt is by will be upper The material property parameter stated is input in FEM model and calculates what is tried to achieve automatically.
That is, according to the overall strain obtained by material property parameter, first after simulation is cooled down simulates molding part chi Very little (S14).
Next, in order to verify the precision of the FEM model of the clad metal sheet of foundation, first being modeled to of obtaining will be simulated Type part size and the actual punch forming part size of existing mold are contrasted (S15), in step s 16, if missing between the two Difference is in setting range (for example, being set as 1%), then it is assumed that the precision of the FEM model of clad metal sheet meets the requirements. If simulation precision is inadequate, the FEM model of clad metal sheet is optimized, as the progress of size of mesh opening size is rationally thin Change (S17), and return to step S14, simulated again.And repeated optimization, simulation, the process of contrast, until two Error is in setting range between person.
In the present embodiment, the FEM model of clad metal sheet is refined, finds the finite element of the thickness direction of sheet material Size of mesh opening is had a great influence to simulation precision, and thickness direction grid is thinner, and precision is higher, but grid is excessively refined and can led Cause simulated time lengthy.Therefore, the sizing grid of the stainless steel layer thickness direction of clad metal sheet is its thickness in this example 1/3, the sizing grid of carbon steel layer thickness direction is the 1/7 of its thickness, as shown in Figure 4 B.
(2) having for the new hot stamping die of machine-shaping part is wanted according to the FEM model for the clad metal sheet built up, amendment Limit meta-model
Fig. 2 is to show that the flow chart of the FEM model of the new hot stamping die of machine-shaping part is wanted in amendment.With reference to Fig. 2 The flow of the FEM model of the new hot stamping die of machine-shaping part is wanted to illustrate to amendment.
First, according to the design size of the molding part to be processed, the FEM model for establishing a new hot stamping die is first preset (S21), the example of the FEM model of new hot stamping die is shown in Fig. 5, and mould is defined as into rigid body, i.e., immutable Shape.With reference to the FEM model for having met desired clad metal sheet above established, to composition metal at a temperature of 900 DEG C Plate carries out drop stamping simulation, obtains the molding part after drop stamping, then proceedes to simulation molding part and is cooled fast to from high temperature water spray The process (physical simulation process is with noted earlier) of room temperature, simulation obtain the size of the second simulation molding part after shaping cooling (S22)。
Then, the design requirement size for simulating the second obtained simulation molding part size and molding part is contrasted into (S23), In step s 24, if error is in setting range between the two (for example, being set as 1%), illustrate to use the new drop stamping The molding part that mould carries out after drop stamping meets required precision, and the FEM model of the new hot stamping die meets the requirements.If Error exceeds in setting range (for example, being set as 1%) between the two, then it is assumed that the new hot stamping die stamps out the shaping come Part is unsatisfactory for requiring.Then computer does optimization amendment (S25) to the 3D shapes of the FEM model of new hot stamping die automatically, Such as:If simulating the second obtained simulation molding part size is more than design requirement, and new hot stamping die size reduction is corresponding Amount, if simulation obtain second simulation molding part size be less than design requirement, new hot stamping die size amplification accordingly Amount.Step S22 is then returned to, performs punching press and cooling procedure simulation again, will simulate the second obtained simulation again Molding part size and the design requirement size of molding part are contrasted.Amendment, simulation, the process of contrast are repeated, until simulation Error between obtained the second simulation molding part size and the design requirement size of molding part is in setting range, then it is assumed that should The FEM model of new hot stamping die meets the requirements.In the present embodiment, new hot stamping die shape is corrected after 4 times, punching The scale error of molding part size and design requirement after pressure cooling is less than 1%, meets to require, as shown in Figure 6.
(3) FEM model of the new hot stamping die required using having met casts out tangible mold, utilizes tangible mold Drop stamping is carried out to clad metal sheet
Fig. 3 is to show to carry out stamping forming flow chart using tangible mold.With reference to Fig. 3 to being carried out using tangible mold Stamping forming flow illustrates.
The new hot stamping die 3D sizes exported according to preceding step, cast out required tangible mold (S31).Will be compound Metallic plate is preheating to 900 DEG C (S32) in a vacuum furnace, and preheated mold is to proper temperature (S33).Mould is fixed to liquid On press, clad metal sheet is put into mould using loop wheel machine and carries out drop stamping, then remove upper mould, to room after chilling of spraying water Warm (S34).Molding part after punch forming cooling is as shown in Figure 7.Molding part actual size after measurement shaping cooling, and Compared (S35) with design requirement size.In step S36, if molding part size meets error requirements (for example, setting 1%), to be then judged to certified products.If certain error, then the molding part is put back into vacuum drying oven and is heated to 450 DEG C or so (S37), Step S34 is then returned to, then carries out medium temperature punching press to correct its shape, its size is measured again after water-spraying control, and with setting Meter desired size compares, untill its error meets to require.
By actual verification, it can allow the first-time qualification rate of the heat stamping and shaping part of clad metal sheet (need not using the method Carry out medium temperature punching press correction) more than 70%.Substantially increase the processing and forming efficiency and precision of such material.Only part into It is unsatisfactory for requiring after the punching press of type part, it is necessary to carry out medium temperature punching press correction to correct its shape, its main cause is compound gold Uncertain factor during the fluctuation and water-spraying control of category plate material property itself.
Furthermore, it is possible to carry out performance test to the metallic plate of unlike material, material database is improved.The kind of lane database material Class is more complete, then can tackle more unlike materials, thickness clad metal sheet drop stamping processing.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, not for the limitation present invention.It is any to be familiar with this The personage of technology all can carry out modifications and changes under the spirit and scope without prejudice to the present invention to above-described embodiment.Therefore, Such as those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from disclosed spirit with being completed under technological thought All equivalent modifications or change, should by the present invention claim be covered.

Claims (6)

1. the heat stamping and shaping control method of a kind of clad metal sheet, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) according to existing hot stamping die, the FEM model of existing hot stamping die is established, is rushed according to by the existing heat The raw materials size of actual molding part manufactured by compression mould, establishes the FEM model of the clad metal sheet, described in division The grid of the FEM model of clad metal sheet, inputted in the FEM model of the clad metal sheet described in being previously obtained The material property parameter of each material of clad metal sheet, using the existing hot stamping die FEM model and input The FEM model of the clad metal sheet of material property parameter is stated, simulates the heat stamping and shaping of the clad metal sheet and cold But process, according to the overall strain obtained by the material property parameter, first after simulation is cooled down simulates molding part size, Described first simulation molding part size and the size of the actual molding part are contrasted, are less than or equal to the first threshold in error In the case of value, the FEM model of the clad metal sheet meets the requirements, in the case where the error exceedes first threshold, The grid of the FEM model of the clad metal sheet is refined, simulated again, until the error is less than or waits In the first threshold;
(2) according to the design size of the molding part to be processed, the FEM model of new hot stamping die is established, with reference to meeting The FEM model of the desired clad metal sheet, the heat stamping and shaping and cooling procedure of the clad metal sheet are simulated, Second after simulation is cooled down simulates molding part size, and the described second simulation molding part size is carried out with the design size Contrast, in the case where error is less than or equal to Second Threshold, the FEM model of the new hot stamping die meets the requirements, In the case where the error exceedes Second Threshold, the FEM model of the new hot stamping die is changed, is simulated again, Until the error is less than or equal to the Second Threshold;
(3) FEM model of the new hot stamping die required using having met casts out tangible mold, using described Tangible mold carries out drop stamping to the clad metal sheet.
2. the heat stamping and shaping control method of clad metal sheet as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The material property parameter of each material of the clad metal sheet is included under the different temperatures corresponding to the material of each laminate Tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, thermal conductivity factor, specific heat capacity and linear expansion coefficient.
3. the heat stamping and shaping control method of clad metal sheet as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The overall strain is calculated as follows:
<mrow> <msub> <mover> <mi>&amp;epsiv;</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> </mover> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mover> <mi>&amp;epsiv;</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> </mover> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> <mi>t</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mover> <mi>&amp;epsiv;</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> </mover> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> <mi>e</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mover> <mi>&amp;epsiv;</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> </mover> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> <mi>p</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mover> <mi>&amp;epsiv;</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> </mover> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mover> <mi>&amp;epsiv;</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> </mover> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow>
Wherein,For overall strain;For thermal strain;For elastic strain;For plastic strain;For phase transition strain;For phase Become moulding.
4. the heat stamping and shaping control method of clad metal sheet as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The first threshold is 1%.
5. the heat stamping and shaping control method of clad metal sheet as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The Second Threshold is 1%.
6. the heat stamping and shaping control method of clad metal sheet as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The clad metal sheet is the metallic plate for including two layers of different metal material,
When establishing the FEM model of the clad metal sheet, contact surface between the metallic plate of two layers of different metal material It is provided in connection with state.
CN201610318628.5A 2016-05-13 2016-05-13 Hot stamping forming control method of composite metal plate Expired - Fee Related CN107363142B (en)

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CN108724817A (en) * 2018-05-04 2018-11-02 河南工业大学 A kind of intelligence manufacture method of thermoplastic composite metal sandwich slab products
CN109815527A (en) * 2018-12-07 2019-05-28 上海赛科利汽车模具技术应用有限公司 A kind of die face optimization method of hot stamping die
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CN117867246A (en) * 2023-12-26 2024-04-12 武汉理工大学 Toughening thermoforming method of ultrahigh-strength steel plate and high-strength and toughness thermoforming member

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