CN106035430A - 一种植物杀菌剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种植物杀菌剂及其制备方法,涉及农药领域,一种植物杀菌剂,按重量份计,所述植物杀菌剂包括:细辛2~6份,姜黄3~7份,苦参5~7份、甘草2~4份、乌头1~5份、硫磺0.5~2份、松香3.5~5份、氧化钙5~10份、百菌清2~5.5份、大生5~10份、喷克1~5份、安泰生7~10份、石硫合剂10~12份、异菌脲4~10份、广枯灵 3~6份、农用链菌素6~9份、青枯灵 2~5份、辛菌胺4~8份,其余为水或焦油,采用本发明的技术方案,生产效率高、步骤简单且成本低,容易实施,原料容易获取,加强了作物杀菌的同时也能够保护作物的生长,同时不易产生抗药性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农药领域,具体涉及一种植物杀菌剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
化学药剂在农作物病虫害防治方面发挥重要作用,但是,由于化学药剂长期使用,致使大部分地区病虫害抗性频率超过50%,抗性水平高达万倍以上,单一使用化学药剂已完全失去防效。并且,随着抗性菌株不断增强,施药次数逐年增加,施药量也成倍增长,给防治和周围环境带来巨大压力。其弊端也日益突出,如药物残留、环境污染和有害生物的再猖獗等等。
专利号CN 104012529 B提供了一种植物杀菌剂,包括保护剂和治疗剂;所述的保护剂包括达科宁、百菌清、大生、喷克、安泰生、石硫合剂、异菌脲、可杀得、王铜;所述的治疗剂包括:广枯灵、恶霉灵、农用链菌素、青枯灵、春雷霉素、辛菌胺;本发明中的配方适用于大多数农作物在生长过程中所受虫害、细菌的干扰,并且配方中特别将保护剂和治疗剂融为一体,加强了作物杀菌的同时也能够保护作物的生长,但其长期使用易产生抗性。
专利号CN 101744010 B公开了一种植物源杀菌剂及其制备方法,涉及一种杀菌剂及其制备方法。本发明解决了现有杀菌剂存在对环境污染严重及长期使用产生抗性的缺点。本发明植物源杀菌剂由瑞香狼毒、甘草、乌头和苦参制成。本发明的方法如下:一、称取瑞香狼毒、甘草、乌头和苦参后混合;二、乙醇浸提;三、过滤;四、蒸馏;五、湿热灭菌即可。本发明植物源杀菌剂具有无毒、低残留、药剂使用量小、无污染、无抗药性的优点,但其成本较高。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的问题是提供一种植物杀菌剂及其制备方法。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现:
一种植物杀菌剂,按重量份计,所述植物杀菌剂包括:细辛2~6份,姜黄3~7份,苦参5~7份、甘草2~4份、乌头1~5份、硫磺0.5~2份、松香3.5~5份、氧化钙5~10份、百菌清2~5.5份、大生5~10份、喷克1~5份、安泰生7~10份、石硫合剂10~12份、异菌脲4~10份、广枯灵 3~6份、农用链菌素6~9份、青枯灵 2~5份、辛菌胺4~8份,其余为水或焦油。
优选的,按重量份计,所述植物杀菌剂包括:细辛4份,姜黄5份,苦参6份、甘草3份、乌头3份、硫磺1份、松香4份、氧化钙8份、百菌清4份、大生8份、喷克3份、安泰生8份、石硫合剂11份、异菌脲8份、广枯灵4份、农用链菌素7份、青枯灵3份、辛菌胺6份,其余为水或焦油。
一种植物杀菌剂的制备方法,所述制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
步骤一:原料准备,制备细辛2~6份,姜黄3~7份,苦参5~7份、甘草2~4份、乌头1~5份、硫磺0.5~2份、松香3.5~5份、氧化钙5~10份、百菌清2~5.5份、大生5~10份、喷克1~5份、安泰生7~10份、石硫合剂10~12份、异菌脲4~10份、广枯灵 3~6份、农用链菌素6~9份、青枯灵 2~5份、辛菌胺4~8份,其余为水或焦油。
步骤二:将百菌清、大生、喷克、安泰生、石硫合剂、异菌脲、广枯灵、农用链菌素、青枯灵、辛菌胺分别粉粹成末后倒入量筒中,加入去离子水,所述去离子水占总重量的50%,得到混合液;
步骤三:将干燥的细辛,姜黄,苦参、甘草、乌头、硫磺、松香、氧化钙粉碎,过50目筛;
步骤四:将步骤三得到的混合物浸提,其中浸提过程中的搅拌速度 为100~250r/min,浸提两次,每次1小时,浸提温度为65~70℃;
步骤五:将步骤四得到的产物过滤;
步骤六:将步骤二得到的混合液和步骤五得到的产物加入反应釜中,温度在50~90℃,搅拌均匀,再按比例加水或加焦油,搅拌12~18分钟,得到反映液;
步骤七:在100~120℃条件下将反应液蒸馏,在125~130℃、 0.05MPa条件下,将反应液进行湿热灭菌15~25min,即得到植物杀菌剂;
步骤八:将植物杀菌剂的原液稀释100-150倍即可喷洒使用。
优选的,步骤八中所述植物杀菌剂的原液稀释后的溶液中水占总重量的75%-85%。
优选的,步骤四所述的浸提温度为68℃。
优选的,所述步骤四中浸提使用的浸提液为体积比是70%的乙醇。
采用本发明的技术方案,生产效率高、步骤简单且成本低,容易实施,原料容易获取,加强了作物杀菌的同时也能够保护作物的生长,同时不易产生抗药性。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体实施方式,进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1:
一种植物杀菌剂,按重量份计,所述植物杀菌剂包括:细辛2份,姜黄3份,苦参5份、甘草2份、乌头1份、硫磺0.5份、松香3.5份、氧化钙5份、百菌清2份、大生5份、喷克1份、安泰生7份、石硫合剂10份、异菌脲4份、广枯灵 3份、农用链菌素6份、青枯灵2份、辛菌胺4份,其余为水。
一种植物杀菌剂的制备方法,所述制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
步骤一:原料准备,细辛2份,姜黄3份,苦参5份、甘草2份、乌头1份、硫磺0.5份、松香3.5份、氧化钙5份、百菌清2份、大生5份、喷克1份、安泰生7份、石硫合剂10份、异菌脲4份、广枯灵 3份、农用链菌素6份、青枯灵2份、辛菌胺4份,其余为水。
步骤二:将百菌清、大生、喷克、安泰生、石硫合剂、异菌脲、广枯灵、农用链菌素、青枯灵、辛菌胺分别粉粹成末后倒入量筒中,加入去离子水,所述去离子水占总重量的50%,得到混合液;
步骤三:将干燥的细辛,姜黄,苦参、甘草、乌头、硫磺、松香、氧化钙粉碎,过50目筛;
步骤四:将步骤三得到的混合物浸提,其中浸提过程中的搅拌速度为100r/min,浸提两次,每次1小时,浸提温度为65℃;
步骤五:将步骤四得到的产物过滤;
步骤六:将步骤二得到的混合液和步骤五得到的产物加入反应釜中,温度在50℃,搅拌均匀,再按比例加水或加焦油,搅拌12分钟,得到反映液;
步骤七:在100℃条件下将反应液蒸馏,在125℃、 0.05MPa条件下,将反应液进行湿热灭菌15min,即得到植物杀菌剂;
步骤八:将植物杀菌剂的原液稀释100倍即可喷洒使用。
其中,步骤八中所述植物杀菌剂的原液稀释后的溶液中水占总重量的75%。
其中,所述步骤四中浸提使用的浸提液为体积比是70%的乙醇。
实施例2:
一种植物杀菌剂,按重量份计,所述植物杀菌剂包括:细辛6份,姜黄7份,苦参7份、甘草4份、乌头5份、硫磺2份、松香5份、氧化钙10份、百菌清5.5份、大生10份、喷克5份、安泰生10份、石硫合剂12份、异菌脲10份、广枯灵6份、农用链菌素9份、青枯灵5份、辛菌胺8份,其余为水。
一种植物杀菌剂的制备方法,所述制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
步骤一:原料准备,制备细辛6份,姜黄7份,苦参7份、甘草4份、乌头5份、硫磺2份、松香5份、氧化钙10份、百菌清5.5份、大生10份、喷克5份、安泰生10份、石硫合剂12份、异菌脲10份、广枯灵6份、农用链菌素9份、青枯灵5份、辛菌胺8份,其余为水。
步骤二:将百菌清、大生、喷克、安泰生、石硫合剂、异菌脲、广枯灵、农用链菌素、青枯灵、辛菌胺分别粉粹成末后倒入量筒中,加入去离子水,所述去离子水占总重量的50%,得到混合液;
步骤三:将干燥的细辛,姜黄,苦参、甘草、乌头、硫磺、松香、氧化钙粉碎,过50目筛;
步骤四:将步骤三得到的混合物浸提,其中浸提过程中的搅拌速度 为250r/min,浸提两次,每次1小时,浸提温度为70℃;
步骤五:将步骤四得到的产物过滤;
步骤六:将步骤二得到的混合液和步骤五得到的产物加入反应釜中,温度在90℃,搅拌均匀,再按比例加水或加焦油,搅拌18分钟,得到反映液;
步骤七:在120℃条件下将反应液蒸馏,在130℃、 0.05MPa条件下,将反应液进行湿热灭菌25min,即得到植物杀菌剂;
步骤八:将植物杀菌剂的原液稀释150倍即可喷洒使用。
其中,步骤八中所述植物杀菌剂的原液稀释后的溶液中水占总重量的85%。
其中,所述步骤四中浸提使用的浸提液为体积比是70%的乙醇。
实施例3:一种植物杀菌剂,按重量份计,所述植物杀菌剂包括:细辛4份,姜黄5份,苦参6份、甘草3份、乌头3份、硫磺1份、松香4份、氧化钙8份、百菌清4份、大生8份、喷克3份、安泰生8份、石硫合剂11份、异菌脲8份、广枯灵4份、农用链菌素7份、青枯灵3份、辛菌胺6份,其余为焦油。
一种植物杀菌剂的制备方法,所述制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
步骤一:原料准备,制备细辛4份,姜黄5份,苦参6份、甘草3份、乌头3份、硫磺1份、松香4份、氧化钙8份、百菌清4份、大生8份、喷克3份、安泰生8份、石硫合剂11份、异菌脲8份、广枯灵4份、农用链菌素7份、青枯灵3份、辛菌胺6份,其余为焦油。
步骤二:将百菌清、大生、喷克、安泰生、石硫合剂、异菌脲、广枯灵、农用链菌素、青枯灵、辛菌胺分别粉粹成末后倒入量筒中,加入去离子水,所述去离子水占总重量的50%,得到混合液;
步骤三:将干燥的细辛,姜黄,苦参、甘草、乌头、硫磺、松香、氧化钙粉碎,过50目筛;
步骤四:将步骤三得到的混合物浸提,其中浸提过程中的搅拌速度 为200r/min,浸提两次,每次1小时,浸提温度为68℃;
步骤五:将步骤四得到的产物过滤;
步骤六:将步骤二得到的混合液和步骤五得到的产物加入反应釜中,温度在70℃,搅拌均匀,再按比例加水或加焦油,搅拌15分钟,得到反映液;
步骤七:在110℃条件下将反应液蒸馏,在128℃、0.05MPa条件下,将反应液进行湿热灭菌20min,即得到植物杀菌剂;
步骤八:将植物杀菌剂的原液稀释120倍即可喷洒使用。
其中,步骤八中所述植物杀菌剂的原液稀释后的溶液中水占总重量的80%。
其中,所述步骤四中浸提使用的浸提液为体积比是70%的乙醇。
基于上述,采用本发明的技术方案,生产效率高、步骤简单且成本低,容易实施,原料容易获取,加强了作物杀菌的同时也能够保护作物的生长,同时不易产生抗药性。
显然本发明具体实现并不受上述方式的限制,只要采用了本发明的方法构思和技术方案进行的各种非实质性的改进,或未经改进将本发明的构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的,均在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种植物杀菌剂,其特征在于,按重量份计,所述植物杀菌剂包括:细辛2~6份,姜黄3~7份,苦参5~7份、甘草2~4份、乌头1~5份、硫磺0.5~2份、松香3.5~5份、氧化钙5~10份、百菌清2~5.5份、大生5~10份、喷克1~5份、安泰生7~10份、石硫合剂10~12份、异菌脲4~10份、广枯灵 3~6份、农用链菌素6~9份、青枯灵 2~5份、辛菌胺4~8份,其余为水或焦油。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种植物杀菌剂,其特征在于:按重量份计,所述植物杀菌剂包括:细辛4份,姜黄5份,苦参6份、甘草3份、乌头3份、硫磺1份、松香4份、氧化钙8份、百菌清4份、大生8份、喷克3份、安泰生8份、石硫合剂11份、异菌脲8份、广枯灵4份、农用链菌素7份、青枯灵3份、辛菌胺6份,其余为水或焦油。
3.一种制备权利要求1-2任意一项所述的植物杀菌剂的方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
步骤一:原料准备,制备细辛2~6份,姜黄3~7份,苦参5~7份、甘草2~4份、乌头1~5份、硫磺0.5~2份、松香3.5~5份、氧化钙5~10份、百菌清2~5.5份、大生5~10份、喷克1~5份、安泰生7~10份、石硫合剂10~12份、异菌脲4~10份、广枯灵 3~6份、农用链菌素6~9份、青枯灵 2~5份、辛菌胺4~8份,其余为水或焦油;
步骤二:将百菌清、大生、喷克、安泰生、石硫合剂、异菌脲、广枯灵、农用链菌素、青枯灵、辛菌胺分别粉粹成末后倒入量筒中,加入去离子水,所述去离子水占总重量的50%,得到混合液;
步骤三:将干燥的细辛,姜黄,苦参、甘草、乌头、硫磺、松香、氧化钙粉碎,过50目筛;
步骤四:将步骤三得到的混合物浸提,其中浸提过程中的搅拌速度 为100~250r/min,浸提两次,每次1小时,浸提温度为65~70℃;
步骤五:将步骤四得到的产物过滤;
步骤六:将步骤二得到的混合液和步骤五得到的产物加入反应釜中,温度在50~90℃,搅拌均匀,再按比例加水或加焦油,搅拌12~18分钟,得到反映液;
步骤七:在100~120℃条件下将反应液蒸馏,在125~130℃、 0.05MPa条件下,将反应液进行湿热灭菌15~25min,即得到植物杀菌剂;
步骤八:将植物杀菌剂的原液稀释100-150倍即可喷洒使用。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种植物杀菌剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤八中所述植物杀菌剂的原液稀释后的溶液中水占总重量的75%-85%。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种植物杀菌剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤四所述的浸提温度为68℃。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种植物杀菌剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤四中浸提使用的浸提液为体积比是70%的乙醇。
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