CN106035163B - Fish habitat dividing method based on hydrodynamic force condition - Google Patents
Fish habitat dividing method based on hydrodynamic force condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN106035163B CN106035163B CN201610412187.5A CN201610412187A CN106035163B CN 106035163 B CN106035163 B CN 106035163B CN 201610412187 A CN201610412187 A CN 201610412187A CN 106035163 B CN106035163 B CN 106035163B
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- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fish habitat dividing method based on hydrodynamic conditions, which comprises the following steps: (1) determining a boundary range of fish habitat division; (2) determining characteristic fish and hydrodynamic characteristic factors; (3) partitioning the fish habitat; (4) grading fish habitats; (5) classifying the protective measures of the fish habitat; (6) quantitatively evaluating the protection of fish habitat. Under the condition requirements of two types of hydrodynamic characteristic factors based on water flow motion indexes and water flow energy indexes, according to the division principles of fish habitat protection range zoning, protection degree grading and protection content classification, the requirements of repairing, scheduling and scientific research work of river fish habitats are planned and deployed from the source, the protection theory and technology research system of river fish habitats in China is filled and perfected, and the win-win of social benefits, economic benefits and environmental benefits is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fish management technical fields, are specifically related to a kind of Habitat for Fish based on hydrodynamic condition stroke
Divide method.
Background technology
Habitat is often referred to the region of certain biology or some ecological group's existence procreation or environmental form is broadly dwelt
The living space of biology is not only contained in breath ground concept, while also containing whole environmental factors in living space.For
For fish, habitat refers to maintaining its normal life, growing, look for food, breeding and the place of other life cycles,
Waters range necessary to whole history of life processes is completed including fish, as spawning ground, feeding ground, wintering ground and connection are different
The migration channel in Life Stages waters etc., Habitat for Fish not only provides the living space of fish, while also providing and meeting fish
Whole environmental factors of class existence, growth, breeding, such as hydrodynamic force, hydrologic regime, quality of water environment, topography and geomorphology, hydrodynamic(al)
Power, the hydrologic regime factor then lay particular emphasis on the HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS of Habitat for Fish, hydrologic process, and the quality of water environment factor is then laid particular emphasis on
The condition of water quality of Habitat for Fish, the topography and geomorphology factor lay particular emphasis on the physical aspect condition of Habitat for Fish.
Hydrodynamic condition is the extremely important environmental factor of Habitat for Fish, even part is all raw in fish life cycle
The life stage is required to normally be lived, grown, looked for food, bred by certain specific hydrodynamic conditions, such as becomes
The fish of fluidity will lean on presence and the size of flow velocity to judge that the swimming route even route of migration, fish in vitro fertilization are being bred
The higher region of flow disorder degree would generally be selected to mate in the process, or even only reach certain disorderly journey in flow
Degree can just stimulate the generation of mating behavior, and the waters rest of relatively placidity may be rested on before and after oviposition etc..According to water
The characteristic quantity for characterizing river hydrodynamic condition can be divided into two types by the difference of each characteristic quantity description object of dynamics：
The first kind is to describe the index of water movement feature, represents the factor as flow velocity, Floyd's algorithm, Reynolds number.Flow velocity master
Reflect the stimulation flow velocity, limit velocity and the degree at random in flow field of a certain section fish oviposition in habitat.Floyd's algorithm
For the ratio of fluid inertia force and gravity, the main collective effect for reflecting habitat a certain the section depth of water and flow velocity, to judge flow
The fluidised form situation of torrent, unhurried current.Reynolds number is the ratio of habitat a certain section fluid inertia force and viscous force, and Reynolds number is smaller
When, viscous force stream field influences to be more than inertia force, and flow velocity disturbs and can decay because of viscous force in flow field, and fluid stream dynamic stability is
Laminar flow；Conversely, when if Reynolds number is larger, inertia force stream field influences to be more than viscous force, and fluid flowing is less stablized, flow velocity it is micro-
Small variation is easy development, enhancing, forms disorderly, irregular turbulence flow flied.
Second class is to describe the index of flow energy feature, represents the factor as energy loss, kinetic energy gradient.Energy loss from
The consumption water energy aspect reflection a certain section riverbed in habitat habitat is resisted by the effect of water movement and fish locomotion
Resistance situation.Kinetic energy gradient mainly reflects a certain section flow disorder degree in habitat, indicates unit distance unit matter in flow
The kinetic energy change amount of amount can quantify water stream characteristics similar with the depth of water in river, flow velocity is distinguished but that environment position is different, also may be used
For estimating that fish are moved to the energy that another location is consumed from a certain position.
Hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering etc. paddle building, especially barrage dam construction and operation change where river water
The environmental factors condition such as power, hydrologic regime, quality of water environment, topography and geomorphology, to being related to the stock of fish in river and its various
Property produces profound influence.China possesses the most country of dam quantity as the whole world, and dam quantity is still on constantly
It rises, as national water conservancy and hydropower infrastructure construction dynamics of investment persistently increases in recent years, quantity ascendant trend is more obvious, water
Sharp hydroelectric project etc. is paddled, and the Habitat for Fish protection problem that building is brought is also increasingly prominent, and there is an urgent need to plan and deployment section
It learns, reasonable, strong operability Habitat for Fish safeguard measure.Currently, China river fishes habitat protection, repair, compensation and
For research work greatly all in research, imagination, design phase, reported correlative study is concentrated mainly on Habitat for Fish assessment
In terms of the research of method scheduling theory, research theory and technical system for the protection of river fishes habitat are suitble to not yet at system
The example that the technology maturation of China river reality and national conditions, protecting effect are preferable and easy to operation, implement more is a lack of, to engineering
Practical guidance is limited, and there is also gaps compared with external more perfect theory and technical method, it is difficult to realize environmental benefit, warp
Ji benefit, the effective unified and balance of social benefit.
Invention content
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition.?
Under requirement based on river hydrodynamic condition, subregion, classification, classification are given to river fishes habitat, and according to fish habitat
Science, reasonable, strong operability Habitat for Fish protection are planned, dispose and are improved in reparation, scheduling and the research work requirement on ground
Measure Systems, to realize the effective unified and balance of environmental benefit, economic benefit, social benefit.
The present invention is achieved by following technical solution.
A kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition, include the following steps：
(1) determine that Habitat for Fish divides bounds：According to the different fish of river basins globality or section locality
The protection of class habitat requires, and determines that basin or section Habitat for Fish divide the bounds for being related to river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream；
(2) feature fish and the HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor are determined：Stock of fish situation, water movement in investigation bounds
With energy-distributing feature situation, and according to investigation achievement determine feature fish in bounds, and the water closely related with it
The dynamic characteristic factor；
(3) subregion is given to Habitat for Fish：According to the feature fish space distribution situation in bounds, in conjunction with spy
The closely related HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor in waters where levying fish carries out Habitat for Fish from space layout angle to bounds
Subregion, wherein by hydrodynamic condition divide Habitat for Fish divisional type be：It is divided according to water movement indicator conditions
Uniform flow area, non-uniform flow area, recirculating zone, fair current area, rapids zone, area of slack water, laminar region and turbulent region；Referred to according to flow energy
Highly energy-consuming area, low power consuming area, fluidised form disorder area and the fluidised form meadow that mark condition divides；
(4) Habitat for Fish is classified：According to river ecological functional localization and protective plan to special in bounds
The protection requirement for levying fish, requires to be divided to the Habitat for Fish of each divisional type in bounds according to degree of protection rank
Grade；
(5) classified to Habitat for Fish safeguard measure：According to Habitat for Fish subregion, classification feelings in bounds
Condition, and combine the HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor closely related with waters where feature fish practical, each subregion class in bounds
In the Habitat for Fish protection domain of type, according to the requirement of corresponding protection level, science, reasonable, operability are planned, dispose and improved
Strong all types of Habitat for Fish safeguard measure systems, wherein Habitat for Fish safeguard measure type is：It repairs class measure, adjust
Spend class measure and scientific research class measure；
(6) quantitatively evaluating is given to Habitat for Fish protection：According to the areas bounds Nei Ge, at different levels, all kinds of fish habitats
The planning of ground safeguard measure system and deployment scenario, based on hydrodynamic condition watershed or section Habitat for Fish protection work at
The quantization characteristic index of fruit is evaluated, to be evaluated by exhibit as river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream, upstream and downstream ecological environment holistic health sustainable development
The scientific basis estimated.
Step (1) the Mesichthyes habitat protection is required according to river ecological functional localization with protective plan to being related to flowing
The paddle comprehensive development and utilization of building engineering construction of domain or section needs mating protection of fish resources requirement to be determined；It is described
Bounds intergrate with practice and are determined according to the aquatic ecosystem integrality and its hydrodynamic force of river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream.
Step (2) the Mesichthyes resource situation includes fish fauna composition, resource abundance, protects requirement, ecological habit,
And habitats distribution position and the scale situation in fish spawning ground, feeding ground and wintering ground；The water movement and Energy distribution
Feature situation includes the water movement characteristic index situation and energy loss, kinetic energy gradient of flow velocity, Floyd's algorithm and Reynolds number
Flow energy characteristic index situation；The feature fish refer to dividing closely related, shielded treasure with Habitat for Fish
Dilute, in imminent danger and Endemic fish；The HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor refers to and feature fish life habit, eating habit, reproductive habit
The closely related hydrodynamic force factor.
In the step (3) uniform flow area refer to river certain distance longitudinal section along journey each section water body mean flow
The similar region of speed distribution, on the contrary it is non-uniform flow area；The recirculating zone refers to the section region that flow is circled round in river；It is described
Rapids zone refers to when the depth of water is less than critical depth of water, and Floyd's algorithm is more than 1 water flow spaces；The area of slack water refers to when the depth of water is more than
Critical depth of water, Floyd's algorithm are less than 1 water flow spaces；It is in laminar flow that the laminar region, which refers to flow, and the particle of each layer is mutually not
Blending, flow make the region of orderly, regular flowing；The turbulent region refers to that flow is in irregular turbulent fluctuation, the matter between fluid layer
The mutual blending of point, flow make unordered, the irregular region flowed at random；The highly energy-consuming area refers to that river Mesichthyes movement is wanted
The moving resistance of resistance is larger, the higher region of energy of consumption, otherwise is low power consuming area；Fluidised form disorder area refers to river
The larger region of Mesichthyes motion energy variable quantity is flowed, flow-shape is without fixed changing rule and disorderly disorder in the region, instead
Be fluidised form meadow.
It refers to river connectivity reparation, river river regime and experiment material and reparation, river that class measure is repaired in the step (5)
Habitat for Fish reparation in road, artificial reconstructed suitable habitat in river, fish migration channel repair, ecological revetment and Hu Tanying
It makes, river secondary channel habitat is repaired and Reconstruction Measure；The scheduling class measure refers to river ecological scheduling, Tao River ecological flow
Amount ensures, regime of river diversity is built, artificial flood peak stimulates oviposition, the network of waterways and branch of a river optimal water allocation measure；The scientific research class
Measure refers to the research of Habitat for Fish Influencing Mechanism, Habitat for Fish monitoring and investigation, safeguard measure recruitment evaluation measure.
Protect the quantization of achievement special based on hydrodynamic condition watershed or section Habitat for Fish in the step (6)
Levying index is：River system connectivity, habitat type diversity, replacement with reconstruction habitat accounting, ecological flow coverage ratio,
Regime of river diversity and safeguard measure coverage rate.
The river system connectivity refer to the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream in river in bounds, upstream and downstream flow continuity and water system
Connection situation；The habitat type diversity refer to bounds inland river drain off all kinds of Habitat for Fish in tributary type it is rich
Rich degree situation；The replacement refers to that fish replacement habitat and reconstruction habitat section are long in bounds with reconstruction habitat accounting
Degree accounts for the ratio of bounds Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream section total length；The ecological flow coverage ratio refers to reaching ecology in bounds
The release Tao River of standard requirement of flow accounts for the ratio of bounds Tao River total length；The regime of river diversity is
The regime of river type for referring to non-uniform flow in bounds, reflux, unhurried current and turbulent flow enriches degree situation；The safeguard measure is covered
Lid rate refers to that all types of Habitat for Fish safeguard measure implementations are related to section and account for bounds Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream section in bounds
The ratio of total length.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention is based on water movement index, the requirement of flow energy index two types HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor condition
Under, according to Habitat for Fish protection domain subregion, degree of protection classification, the division principle for protecting classifying content, planned from source
With reparation, scheduling and the research work requirement for deploying river fishes habitat, fills up and perfect China's river fishes are inhabited
Theoretical and technological studies system is protected on ground, and is that planning technology is ripe, protecting effect is preferable and easy to operation, the fish of implementation dwell
Breath ground protects example place mat theoretical and technical foundation, realizes the win-win of social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 the method flow diagrams of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but claimed range is not limited to institute
It states.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition of the present invention, including it is as follows
Step：
(1) determine that Habitat for Fish divides bounds：It should be different according to river basins globality or section locality
Habitat for Fish protection requires, and determines that basin or section Habitat for Fish divide the bounds for being related to river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream.Fish
Habitat protection requirement should be according to river ecological functional localization and protective plan to being related to basin or section is paddled building engineering
The comprehensive development and utilizations such as construction need the mating protection of fish resources to require to be determined；Bounds should be according to river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream
Aquatic ecosystem integrality and its hydrodynamic force, which intergrate with practice, to be determined.
(2) feature fish and the HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor are determined：Stock of fish situation, the flow fortune in bounds should be investigated
Dynamic and energy-distributing feature situation, and feature fish in bounds are determined according to investigation achievement, and it is closely related with it
The HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor.Stock of fish situation should include fish fauna composition, resource abundance, protect requirement, ecological habit, and
Situations such as important habitats distribution position such as fish spawning ground, feeding ground, wintering ground and scale；Water movement and energy-distributing feature
Situation should include the water movements characteristic index situations and energy loss, kinetic energy gradient etc. such as flow velocity, Floyd's algorithm, Reynolds number
Flow energy characteristic index situation；Feature fish refer to Habitat for Fish divide it is closely related, shielded it is rare, it is in imminent danger and
Endemic fish；The HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor is and the closely related hydrodynamic(al) such as feature fish life habit, eating habit, reproductive habit
The power factor.
(3) subregion is given to Habitat for Fish：Should according to the feature fish space distribution situation in bounds, in conjunction with
The closely related HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor in waters where feature fish carries out fish habitat from space layout angle to bounds
The subregion on ground, the Habitat for Fish divisional type divided by hydrodynamic condition are generally：It is divided according to water movement indicator conditions
" uniform flow area, non-uniform flow area ", " recirculating zone, fair current area ", " rapids zone, area of slack water ", " laminar region, turbulent region "；According to
" highly energy-consuming area, the low power consuming area " that flow energy indicator conditions divide, " fluidised form disorder area, fluidised form meadow ".Uniform flow area is
Longitudinal section of finger river certain distance region similar in each section water body mean velocity profile along journey, on the contrary it is non-uniform flow
Area；Institute recirculating zone refers to the section region that flow is circled round in river, such as return water whirlpool, return water gulf, return water a small bay in a river；Rapids zone refers to working as
The depth of water is less than critical depth of water, and Floyd's algorithm is more than 1 water flow spaces, and main feature is shown as when flow encounters barrier, only
The local water surface is caused to change, and this variation is not propagated upstream；Area of slack water refers to not your moral when the depth of water is more than critical depth of water
Water flow spaces of the number less than 1, main feature are shown as when flow encounters barrier, and barrier can be upstream to the interference of flow
It propagates, causes the depth rise of upstream；Laminar region refer to flow be in laminar flow, the particle mutually not blending of each layer, flow work have
The region of sequence, regular flowing, and Reynolds number smaller in flow velocity occur when smaller, and main feature shows as order；Turbulent flow
It is in irregular turbulent fluctuation that area, which refers to flow, the mutual blending of particle between fluid layer, and flow makees unordered, the irregular area flowed at random
Domain, and Reynolds number larger in flow velocity occur when larger, and main feature shows as randomness, randomness, has rotation property, mixed type；It is high
Energy consumption area refers to that the river moving resistance to be resisted of Mesichthyes movement is larger, the higher region of energy of consumption, otherwise is low
Energy consumption area；Fluidised form disorder area refers to the larger region of river Mesichthyes motion energy variable quantity, and flow-shape is without solid in the region
Determine changing rule and disorderly disorder, otherwise is fluidised form meadow.
(4) Habitat for Fish is classified：It should be according to river ecological functional localization and protective plan in bounds
The protection requirement of feature fish, requires to give to the Habitat for Fish of each divisional type in bounds according to degree of protection rank
Classification, Habitat for Fish protection hierarchical type are generally：Particularly severe rank, strict level, general rank.Particularly severe rank
Refer to the rare Endemic fish nature reserve area at county level or more such as national, provincial level, city-level, Fish Germplasm Resources protection zone,
Its Habitat for Fish protects related work to require should be according to《Regulations on the Nature Protec tion Regions of the People's Re public of China》To nature reserve area
Core space, buffering area, test block correspond to require, and《Fish Germplasm Resources protection zone manages Tentative Measures》To aquatic products germplasm
The core space of conservation, test block, which correspond to, to be required to be strictly enforced；Strict level refers to according to provincial, city-level, at county level
Protection of fish resources relevant laws and regulations protect phase to being related to each divisional type Habitat for Fish in basin or section bounds
It closes work and gives mating requirement；General rank refers to sustainable according to river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream, upstream and downstream ecological environment holistic health
Development need, to be related to each divisional type Habitat for Fish protection related work in basin or section bounds give it is mating
It is required that.
(5) classified to Habitat for Fish safeguard measure：It should be according to Habitat for Fish subregion, classification feelings in bounds
Condition, and combine the HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor closely related with waters where feature fish practical, each subregion class in bounds
In the Habitat for Fish protection domain of type, according to the requirement of corresponding protection level, science, reasonable, operability are planned, dispose and improved
Strong all types of Habitat for Fish safeguard measure systems, Habitat for Fish safeguard measure type are generally：Repair class measure, scheduling
Class measure, scientific research class measure.Repair class measure be primarily referred to as river connectivity reparation, river river regime and experiment material and reparation,
Habitat for Fish reparation in river, artificial reconstructed suitable habitat in river, fish migration channel repair, ecological revetment and Hu Tan
It builds, river secondary channel habitat is repaired and the measures such as reconstruction；Scheduling class measure is primarily referred to as river ecological scheduling, Tao River life
The guarantee of state flow, regime of river diversity are built, artificial flood peak stimulates the measures such as oviposition, the network of waterways and branch of a river optimal water allocation；Scientific research
Class measure is primarily referred to as the research of Habitat for Fish Influencing Mechanism, Habitat for Fish monitoring with investigation, safeguard measure recruitment evaluation etc.
Measure.
(6) quantitatively evaluating is given to Habitat for Fish protection：It should be dwelt according to the areas bounds Nei Ge, at different levels, all kinds of fish
The quantization characteristic of the planning of breath ground safeguard measure system and deployment scenario, watershed or section Habitat for Fish protection achievement
Index is evaluated, using the scientific basis as river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream, upstream and downstream ecological environment holistic health evaluation of sustainable development,
The quantization characteristic index of achievement is protected to be generally based on hydrodynamic condition watershed or section Habitat for Fish：River system
Connectivity, habitat type diversity, replacement and reconstruction habitat accounting, ecological flow coverage ratio, regime of river diversity, guarantor
Shield measure coverage rate etc..River system connectivity refer to the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream in river in bounds, upstream and downstream flow continuity and
Water-based connection situation；Habitat type diversity refer to bounds inland river drain off all kinds of Habitat for Fish in tributary type it is rich
Rich degree situation；It refers to that fish replacement habitat is accounted for reconstruction habitat section length in bounds to substitute with reconstruction habitat accounting
The ratio of bounds Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream section total length；Ecological flow coverage ratio refers to that the ecological flow that reaches in bounds is released
The Tao River that standard requires accounts for the ratio of bounds Tao River total length；Regime of river diversity refers in bounds
The regime of rivers type such as non-uniform flow, reflux, unhurried current, turbulent flow enriches degree situation；Safeguard measure coverage rate refers to bounds
Interior all types of Habitat for Fish safeguard measure implementation is related to the ratio that section accounts for bounds Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream section total length.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
(1) determine that Habitat for Fish divides bounds：According to river basins globality or section locality, different fish dwell
The protection of breath ground requires, and determines that basin or section Habitat for Fish divide the bounds for being related to river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream；
(2) feature fish and the HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor are determined：Investigate stock of fish situation, water movement and the energy in bounds
Distribution characteristics situation is measured, and feature fish in bounds, and the hydrodynamic force closely related with it are determined according to investigation achievement
Characterization factor；
(3) subregion is given to Habitat for Fish：According to the feature fish space distribution situation in bounds, in conjunction with feature fish
The closely related HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor in waters where class carries out Habitat for Fish to bounds from space layout angle and divides
Area, wherein by hydrodynamic condition divide Habitat for Fish divisional type be：It is divided according to water movement indicator conditions uniform
Flow area, non-uniform flow area, recirculating zone, fair current area, rapids zone, area of slack water, laminar region and turbulent region；According to flow energy index item
Highly energy-consuming area, low power consuming area, fluidised form disorder area and the fluidised form meadow that part divides；
(4) Habitat for Fish is classified：According to river ecological functional localization and protective plan to feature fish in bounds
The protection requirement of class, requires to be classified to the Habitat for Fish of each divisional type in bounds according to degree of protection rank；
(5) classified to Habitat for Fish safeguard measure：According to Habitat for Fish subregion, classification situation in bounds, and
The closely related HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor in the waters in conjunction with where with feature fish is practical, the fish of each divisional type in bounds
In the protection domain of class habitat, according to corresponding protection level requirement, plan, dispose and improve science, rationally, strong operability it is each
Type Habitat for Fish safeguard measure system, wherein Habitat for Fish safeguard measure type is：Repair class measure, scheduling class is arranged
It applies and scientific research class measure；
(6) quantitatively evaluating is given to Habitat for Fish protection：It is protected according to the areas bounds Nei Ge, at different levels, all kinds of Habitat for Fish
Planning and the deployment scenario for protecting Measure Systems protect achievement based on hydrodynamic condition watershed or section Habitat for Fish
Quantization characteristic index is evaluated, using as river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream, upstream and downstream ecological environment holistic health evaluation of sustainable development
Scientific basis.
2. a kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The protection of step (1) Mesichthyes habitat is stated to require to be related to being related to basin or section with protective plan according to river ecological functional localization
The comprehensive development and utilization of water buildings engineering construction needs the mating protection of fish resources to require to be determined；The bounds root
It intergrates with practice and is determined according to the aquatic ecosystem integrality and its hydrodynamic force of river Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream.
3. a kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
It includes fish fauna composition, resource abundance, protection requirement, ecological habit and fish production to state step (2) Mesichthyes resource situation
The habitats distribution position of ovum field, feeding ground and wintering ground and scale situation；The water movement and energy-distributing feature situation packet
Include the water movement characteristic index situation of flow velocity, Floyd's algorithm and Reynolds number and the flow energy of energy loss, kinetic energy gradient
Characteristic index situation；The feature fish refer to divided with Habitat for Fish it is closely related, shielded rare, in imminent danger and special
There are fish；The HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS factor refers to the water closely related with feature fish life habit, eating habit, reproductive habit
Dynamic factor.
4. a kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
It is close to state longitudinal section that uniform flow area in step (3) refers to river certain distance each section water body mean velocity profile along journey
Region, otherwise be non-uniform flow area；The recirculating zone refers to the section region that flow is circled round in river；The rapids zone refers to
When the depth of water is less than critical depth of water, Floyd's algorithm is more than 1 water flow spaces；The area of slack water refers to working as the depth of water to be more than critical depth of water,
Floyd's algorithm is less than 1 water flow spaces；The laminar region refers to that flow is in laminar flow, the particle mutually not blending of each layer, flow
Make the region of orderly, regular flowing；The turbulent region refers to that flow is in irregular turbulent fluctuation, and the particle between fluid layer is mutually mixed
It mixes, flow makees unordered, the irregular region flowed at random；The highly energy-consuming area refers to the shifting to be resisted of river Mesichthyes movement
Dynamic resistance is larger, the higher region of energy of consumption, otherwise is low power consuming area；Fluidised form disorder area refers to river Mesichthyes
The larger region of motion energy variable quantity, in the region flow-shape without fixed changing rule and disorderly disorder, otherwise be fluidised form
Meadow.
5. a kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
It refers to that fish dwell in river connectivity reparation, river river regime and experiment material and reparation, river to state and repair class measure in step (5)
It repairs to breath, artificial reconstructed suitable habitat, the reparation of fish migration channel, ecological revetment and the construction of shield beach, river branch in river
Branch of a river habitat is repaired and Reconstruction Measure；The scheduling class measure refers to river ecological scheduling, the guarantee of Tao River ecological flow, river
Flow the construction of fluidised form diversity, artificial flood peak stimulates oviposition, the network of waterways and branch of a river optimal water allocation measure；The scientific research class measure refers to fish
The Influencing Mechanism research of class habitat, Habitat for Fish monitoring and investigation, safeguard measure recruitment evaluation measure.
6. a kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
Stating the quantization characteristic index based on hydrodynamic condition watershed or section Habitat for Fish protection achievement in step (6) is：
River system connectivity, habitat type diversity, replacement and reconstruction habitat accounting, ecological flow coverage ratio, regime of river
Diversity and safeguard measure coverage rate.
7. a kind of Habitat for Fish division methods based on hydrodynamic condition according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Institute
It refers to the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream in river in bounds, the continuity of upstream and downstream flow and water-based connected state to state river system connectivity
Condition；The habitat type diversity refers to that the drain off type of all kinds of Habitat for Fish in tributary of bounds inland river enriches degree feelings
Condition；The replacement refers to that fish substitute habitat in bounds and reconstruction habitat section length accounts for boundary with reconstruction habitat accounting
The ratio of range Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream section total length；The ecological flow coverage ratio refers to that the ecological flow that reaches in bounds is released
The Tao River that standard requires accounts for the ratio of bounds Tao River total length；The regime of river diversity refers to boundary model
The regime of river type for enclosing interior non-uniform flow, reflux, unhurried current and turbulent flow enriches degree situation；The safeguard measure coverage rate refers to
All types of Habitat for Fish safeguard measure implementations are related to section and account for bounds Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream section total length in bounds
Ratio.
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| CN107702883B (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2019-07-02 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of the complex flowfield realization device and method of aquatile ecology hydraulic experiment |
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| CN108617556B (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2020-11-06 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for restoring fish habitat in degraded marsh wetland |
| CN111066697B (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2021-02-02 | 四川大学 | Spawning ground transition boundary determination method for viscous spawned fishes |
| CN113240242A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-08-10 | 中电建华东勘测设计研究院(郑州)有限公司 | Fish habitat protection and habitat construction method based on ecological base flow regulation |
| CN113475431B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2022-05-10 | 四川大学 | Method for constructing branch habitat substitution suitability model matched with fish life history |
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| CN116976709B (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2024-01-23 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Vulnerability assessment method based on river basin ecosystem |
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